WO2011063555A1 - 通过方向键进行字符输入的方法和装置 - Google Patents

通过方向键进行字符输入的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011063555A1
WO2011063555A1 PCT/CN2009/001485 CN2009001485W WO2011063555A1 WO 2011063555 A1 WO2011063555 A1 WO 2011063555A1 CN 2009001485 W CN2009001485 W CN 2009001485W WO 2011063555 A1 WO2011063555 A1 WO 2011063555A1
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Prior art keywords
input
character
code table
direction key
key
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PCT/CN2009/001485
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
熊雨前
王航
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福州福昕软件开发有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 福州福昕软件开发有限公司 filed Critical 福州福昕软件开发有限公司
Priority to US13/511,372 priority Critical patent/US9524035B2/en
Publication of WO2011063555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011063555A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/02Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
    • G06F3/023Arrangements for converting discrete items of information into a coded form, e.g. arrangements for interpreting keyboard generated codes as alphanumeric codes, operand codes or instruction codes
    • G06F3/0233Character input methods
    • G06F3/0234Character input methods using switches operable in different directions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to text input of an electronic device, and more particularly to a method of inputting an object by a button, in particular, a method of inputting a character by a direction key. Background technique
  • the text input of the electronic device mainly includes two types of handwriting input and keyboard input. Some devices also support clicking input through the touch screen, which essentially uses the screen area as an analog keyboard, and also belongs to the idea of keyboard input.
  • standard full keyboard input such as computer keyboard or full keyboard PDA, smart phone, etc.
  • keyboard input provides the most complete functions, but the full keyboard requires a large space, so there are certain restrictions on the use.
  • a variety of input methods for less-keyboard keyboards have been developed, with a text input method of a 4 x 3 12-key numeric keypad (keypad) being the most typical.
  • keyboard input methods for applying the keypad have emerged one after another. But always, the problem of button ambiguity is not well solved.
  • characters are used instead of morphemes (where morphemes refer to ideographic language units, such as "words" in Chinese or "words” in English) as input objects, the average number of keystrokes required to input one character is about three times.
  • Some devices with limited panel space such as some e-book readers, MP3, MP4 and other audio and video playback devices usually do not need to use numeric keys. Only a small number of buttons, such as arrow keys and confirmation keys, usually do not have text input function.
  • An operation that requires text input is performed by connecting the device to a computer through a computer. This is quite inconvenient. For example, when people are reading an e-book, they may need to add bookmarks or comments at any time. It is necessary to use a reader for text input. Setting up a full keyboard on an e-book can certainly solve this problem. For example, the kind of Kindle readers from Amazon, which currently sells the most, use a full keyboard.
  • the area occupied by the full keyboard is very large, either the size of the e-book needs to be increased, or the area of the screen is reduced, each having its drawbacks.
  • the full keyboard also brings the corresponding key scan circuit, keyboard and other hardware costs. If it is possible to directly input text through a few keys, such as arrow keys, on the basis of existing products, it is desirable, but there is no such input method in the prior art.
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,567,072 entitled “Character input device and method” discloses a method of character input by means of a direction confirmation device, a key input device and a display screen.
  • the direction confirming device is a rocker capable of outputting the tilt angle and the velocity; receiving, by a control unit, the radius and the circumferential position information output by the direction confirming device, according to the correspondence between the radius information and the output and the character set stored therein
  • the screen display is performed, and then a single character in the character set displayed on the screen is selected according to the circumferential position information, and finally the selected character is confirmed by the key input device for input.
  • This type of input method has a very high requirement for the direction confirming device.
  • the structure of the device can be very simple, and it is not even necessary to make changes on the basis of the existing hardware, and the input method can overcome the defect that the input of a single character must be multiple times of the key caused by the reduction of the number of input keys in the prior art. .
  • the present invention provides a method for character input by using a direction key, which first constructs a mapping relationship between a character in an input character set and a direction key input sequence, and constructs Forming at least one code table of the mapping relationship; performing character input by using a code table selection key and a direction key, the character input includes the following steps:
  • the step S30 of determining the input character further includes the following steps:
  • step S35 determining whether the selected condition is satisfied, if yes, proceeding to step S39; if not, returning to step S31;
  • the selection condition is that the current direction key input sequence is saturated, wherein the saturation means that the direction key input sequence has reached a predetermined length, and the direction key input sequence corresponds to a character in the current code table.
  • the method further includes using a confirmation key, and in step S35, the confirmation key is pressed as the selection condition.
  • another method for character input by a direction key which is also to construct a mapping relationship between a character in an input character set and a direction key input sequence, and establish a representation relationship of the mapping relationship.
  • At least one code table; character input through the code list selection key, direction key and confirmation key, the character input includes the following steps:
  • P10) Check if there is new button input, if not, continue to wait, then continue to the next step; P20) Determine the type of the input button, and perform the following operations according to the input button type: When inputting the code table selection button, according to The input button switches the current code table, and controls the display screen to display the current code table prompt information; then returns to step P10;
  • step P20 when the direction key is input, further comprising the step of determining whether the direction key input sequence is saturated after updating the direction key input sequence and determining the current character, if not, returning to step P10; If it is saturated, it is confirmed that the current character is an input character, and the input of one character ends; wherein the saturation means that the direction key input sequence has reached a predetermined length, and the direction key input sequence corresponds to a character in the current code table.
  • the number of the direction keys is four, and the direction key input sequence has at most three elements.
  • the mapping relationship between the characters in the input character set and the direction key input sequence is: characters in the input character set are distributed in each code table, and each character in each code table is assigned a different code.
  • the value C, for each code table, different direction key input sequences correspond to different code values C.
  • the correspondence between the direction key input sequence and the code value C is: when the i-th direction key is assigned to the key value Si, the key value of each key in the sequence input direction is entered by the direction key.
  • the present invention also provides an apparatus for character input by a direction key, the apparatus comprising a character input module and an input key group, a display screen and a memory communicably connected thereto, wherein the input key group includes at least one A table selection key, a plurality of direction keys, and at least one confirmation key, the memory of which stores content for controlling the display screen and the character input module to perform the above method.
  • the input key group includes at least one A table selection key, a plurality of direction keys, and at least one confirmation key, the memory of which stores content for controlling the display screen and the character input module to perform the above method.
  • another apparatus for character input by a direction key comprising a character input module and an input button group, a display screen and a memory communicatively coupled thereto, wherein
  • the input button group includes at least one list selection key, a plurality of direction keys, and at least one confirmation key;
  • the memory stores a mapping relationship between a character in the input character set and a direction key input sequence, and a representation relationship of the mapping relationship At least one code table;
  • the character input module comprises: a button recognition unit, configured to receive the button input, and identify which button is pressed;
  • the analysis processing unit performs a corresponding operation according to the type of the input button; wherein, when the code table selection key is input, the current code table is switched according to the input button, and the current code table prompt information is sent to the display control unit; when the direction key is input , identifying the key value of the input direction key, and updating the direction key input sequence according to the direction, and determining a current character in the current code table according to the direction key input sequence; when the input is the confirmation key, confirming that the current character is the input character , and send the input characters to the input staging unit;
  • the character input temporary storage unit is used to store the confirmed input characters.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are that (1) a large number of characters can be input by a few keys, which reduces the required space compared with setting a full keyboard or a numeric keypad, and makes the structure of the electronic device simpler. (2)
  • the input method of the present invention is simple in steps, and the input of characters can be realized with only a small number of key presses.
  • the direction key and the confirmation key and the code table selection key used in the present invention are all based on the existing electronic buttons of the existing electronic book reader, video player and the like, and can completely change the hardware structure thereof. Under the premise, it is extremely versatile. (4) And because the process of inputting characters and the screen prompt information are matched, the use of the method is very easy to grasp, and the user does not need to perform complicated memory. Moreover, by setting the prompt position of the code table to be consistent with the key position of the standard keyboard, it is more in line with the user's psychological habits.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the external structure of an embodiment of the direction key character input device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural block diagram of an embodiment of the direction key character input device of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the direction key character input of the present invention
  • 5 is a code table 2 of an embodiment of a method for inputting a direction key character according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a code table 3 of an embodiment of a method for inputting a direction key character according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are flowcharts showing the input of a character in the first embodiment of the direction key method of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are flowcharts showing the input of a character in the second embodiment of the direction key method of the present invention;
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of inputting a character according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Display interface diagram. detailed description
  • the "direction keys" mentioned in the claims and the description of the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, that is, not only the four buttons in the four directions of up, down, left, and right, but also It can be implemented by any four or other number of other buttons, for example, the four buttons are: A, B, C, D or 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. Any name can also be used to implement the present invention, and the same It is intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
  • the use of four direction keys is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which facilitates direct application over existing e-book readers or video players MP3, MP4, and the like. Obviously, fewer than four or more than four direction keys can also be used.
  • the number of arrow keys can be comprehensively considered and flexibly determined according to the character to be input and the need to input the required number of keystrokes for a single character.
  • the so-called communication connection in the present invention is a connection method in which two devices directly perform information interaction or information exchange through a third party intermediate device, or any information exchange between two devices.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 An external structure and a block diagram of an embodiment of the directional key character input device of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.
  • an electronic device 1 comprising: a display screen 30, an input button group 20, and Control module.
  • the input button group 20 includes a confirmation button 25, a code list selection button 26, and four direction buttons 21, 22, 23, 24, for example, four directions of up, down, left, and right, respectively.
  • the input device can use the code table selection key 26.
  • the code list selection key 26 should have a bidirectional switching function, that is, it can be used to control the switching of the code table in the forward or backward direction. Therefore, the button having the bidirectional selection is a preferred implementation. the way.
  • keyboard and display in the device of Figure 1 can be implemented on the basis of the existing e-book reader or audio-visual player MP3, MP4 and the like.
  • the arrow keys and the confirmation keys are all available, and the code table selection key can be realized by the page turning key, or by the volume adjustment key.
  • the control circuit portion may include a character input module 40 and a central control unit 50.
  • the character input module 40 is used to implement character input, and the central control unit controls various functions of the electronic device.
  • the division of modules or units herein is functional or logical, and it is not intended that each unit be implemented as a separate hardware component.
  • the example of Fig. 2 is only for the character input control of the electronic device 1, and the multiplexing of the keys and functions related to the character input involved in other functions of the electronic device 1 is not explained.
  • Those skilled in the art can incorporate the directional key input methods and apparatus of the present invention with any corresponding hardware devices and functions.
  • the character input module 40 includes a key recognition unit 41, an input determination unit 42, an analysis processing unit 43, a display control unit 44, and a character input temporary storage unit 45.
  • the button recognition unit 41 is communicably connected to the plurality of input button groups 20, receives the button input and converts the corresponding key value input information into the input determination unit 42; the input determination unit 42 determines the type of the input button, and different The button types will correspond to different subsequent operations.
  • the analysis processing unit 43 performs corresponding calculation and processing according to the input button type, performs confirmation character input, determines input prompt information to be displayed on the display screen 30, and the like, and transmits the input prompt information to be displayed to the display control unit 44, which is controlled by the display.
  • the unit 44 controls the display screen 30 that is in communication with it to perform display of the input prompt information.
  • the analysis processing unit 43 when the code table selection key is input, the current code table is switched according to the input button, and the current code table prompt information is sent to the display control unit 44; when the direction key is input, the input direction key is recognized. Key value, and according to the direction key input sequence, and according to the direction key input sequence, determine a current character in the current code table; when the input is a confirmation key, confirm that the current character is an input character, and send the input character to the character input The temporary storage unit 45.
  • the analysis processing unit 43 determines that the input characters are placed in the character input temporary storage unit 45 and further transmitted to the central control unit 50 for corresponding functions such as modifying the file name, adding comments, and the like. At the same time, the central control unit can also control the character input area of the display screen 30 for input display.
  • the functions of the character input module 40 and the central control unit 50 may be implemented by a microprocessor, a memory, wherein the memory stores a function capable of controlling the microprocessor to perform the functions of the above units. program.
  • a microprocessor a memory
  • the memory stores a function capable of controlling the microprocessor to perform the functions of the above units. program.
  • the flow of the arrow key character input method of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the core idea is to establish a mapping relationship between the key sequence S of the direction key pressed multiple times and the character encoding value C to be input 3 ⁇ 4 ( S, C) : s ⁇ c , and display the mapping relationship in the form of a code table.
  • the prompt information is convenient for the user to input the key sequence by referring to the prompt information displayed by the code table; after that, the corresponding character input is determined according to the direction key key sequence and the code table input by the user. Taking m direction keys, each character input is determined by pressing the direction key k times at most, which can represent m K characters in a one-to-one mapping manner.
  • each of the code tables corresponds to one screen for display, and each of the code tables contains no more than m K characters.
  • a current code table is first determined according to the input of the code table selection key (step S10). If no code table selection key is pressed, the default may be the first one. The code table or the most recently used code table is used as the current code table. This step can be omitted when there is only one code table. Thereafter, the prompt information of the current code table is displayed on the display screen (step S20), for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the code list prompt information can be presented in the form of a table, and the output characters corresponding to the direction key input sequence are respectively displayed. The user can input the corresponding direction key input sequence by referring to the prompt information, and the electronic device determines the input character in the current code table according to the input of the direction key (step S30).
  • the method for determining the input character is: First, selecting the current character in the current code table according to the direction key input sequence (step S31), in this step, selecting the current character to change with the direction key input sequence S The position of the current character in the display screen prompt can be changed accordingly. After that, it is judged whether the selected condition is satisfied (step S35); if not, the process returns to step S31, and the subsequent input is made to change the direction key input sequence change or the like so that the selected condition is satisfied, and if the selected condition is satisfied, the confirmation is confirmed.
  • the current character is used as an input character (step S39). Wherein the selected condition
  • the confirmation key may be pressed, or the character input may be performed when the direction key input sequence S reaches a predetermined saturation length. Once the input character is confirmed, the input of this character ends, and the input of the next character can be restarted.
  • the saturation means that the direction key input sequence has reached a predetermined length, and the direction key input sequence corresponds to a character in the current code table.
  • the following describes the input method of the present invention by taking the four direction keys to control 95 displayable characters in the input ASCII code as an example.
  • Those skilled in the art will obviously be able to select the characters to be entered and construct different code tables as needed.
  • Japanese hiragana or katakana characters, or characters in various languages such as French, Russian, and Latin can be set according to the needs of different languages.
  • the ASCII code table has a total of 95 displayable characters, which can be divided into 3 tables.
  • the "+/-" two-way button of the electronic device is used as the code table selection button to control the switching.
  • the code table 1 shown in Figure 4 is 26 lowercase letters, 10 digits (0 ⁇ 9), Space. Tab and Backspace, a total of 39 characters, and its relative position is roughly the same as the standard keyboard key.
  • Code Table 2 is 26 uppercase letters, 10 numbers (0 ⁇ 9), Space, Tab and Backspace, for a total of 39 characters.
  • Table 3 shows 32 common punctuation marks, Enter, Space. Tab, and Backspace, for a total of 36 characters.
  • each character is represented by 3 direction keys.
  • the first arrow in the character on each line is the direction key in the first rectangle.
  • the other rectangles contain 2 parts, the characters above, and the remaining 2 arrow keys.
  • the arrow keys of the characters are arranged in "up, down, left, and right".
  • Each code table has 4 lines, and the first direction key of each character on the line corresponds to the up, down, left and right direction keys.
  • Each line is grouped into 4 characters and can be divided into several groups.
  • the second direction key of each group corresponds to the up, down, left and right direction keys.
  • Each group has 4 characters, and its third direction key corresponds to the up, down, left, and right direction keys.
  • mapping relationship between the direction key input sequence S and the characters in the code table is to establish a one-to-one mapping relationship between the code values of the characters in the code table by the direction key input sequence S.
  • mapping relationships can be established separately for each code table, and those skilled in the art can construct various mapping relationships and mapping algorithms according to mathematical common sense. Or, you can prompt the code table according to each character.
  • Table 1 Table of characters in code table 1 and its code value
  • Table 2 Table of characters in code table 2 and its code value
  • Table 3 Table of characters in code table three and their code values
  • the formula display method is more efficient than the method of finding the mapping table, especially when the formula is a linear operation, such as the vector multiplication of this embodiment. The more the total number of characters, the more this advantage Obviously, the influence of the design of the code table and the choice of the mapping relationship is more important.
  • the keys ⁇ , 11, ⁇ , ⁇ are assigned to 0, 1, 2, respectively.
  • the screen display area of the display screen has at least a code table prompt area and a dynamic prompt box.
  • the code list display area displays prompt information of the code table, such as the code table shown in Figure 4-6; the dynamic prompt box dynamically displays the keys of the currently input direction key input sequence.
  • the code table prompt area has a dynamic cursor, which can indicate the current character to facilitate user confirmation.
  • the screen display area is also provided with an input recording area for displaying characters that have already been input.
  • Figure 7 is a flow chart showing the input method for character input using only the code list selection key, direction key, and confirmation key.
  • the character input state it is first detected whether there is a new key input (step 705), if there is, then continue, if not, then return to wait.
  • Step 705 The input of the next key is detected by taking a circular query as an example, and of course, the interrupt can also be used.
  • the code list selection key is input (step 710), such as "+/-" key or page key input.
  • the current code table is switched according to the input (step 715), and the display is switched to the prompt information of the current code table (step 720), and the user can continuously switch the code table until the desired code table is displayed on the screen.
  • the switching code table obviously means that the character that the user desires to input is not on the current code table, and the current direction key input sequence S is for the current code table, so switching the code table while clearing it will help reduce The number of keystrokes; of course, if the user mainly performs uppercase and lowercase letter input, and the key sequence corresponding to the same letter in different code tables is the same When (for example, the code table 1 and the code table 2 in FIGS.
  • the first character of the current code table is used as the default character and displayed as the current character (for example, when there is a cursor prompt, the current character can be highlighted; or displayed in the dynamic prompt box) The current character, etc.); but you can also set the character with the highest frequency in the current code table as the default character, or use the last character entered as the default character.
  • step 710 determines NO
  • step 725 it is determined whether it is a confirmation key input (step 725), and if so, confirms that "current character" is an input character (go to step 760), This happens when the default character of the code table is the input character, or the desired character is obtained by the arrow keys. If it is not the confirmation key, it is next judged whether it is the direction key input (step 730); if it is not the direction key, the corresponding function of the current key is executed (go to step 755). This step is provided for enriching the method of the present invention in addition to other keys other than the table selection key, the confirmation key, and the direction key.
  • the direction key input sequence S is updated according to the key value ⁇ (step 740).
  • a simple way to update is to add the key value ⁇ to the end of the sequence S.
  • another determination can be made that when the direction key sequence in the current sequence S is invalid, the input direction key is used to replace the last direction key of the sequence.
  • the valid or invalid of the direction key input sequence S refers to whether there is a character in the current code table that may match the sequence S.
  • the up, down, left, and right direction keys are assigned to key values 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
  • the sequence (3, 0, 0) is valid, and the corresponding The symbol "z"; and the sequence (3, 2, 3) is invalid because no characters correspond to it.
  • the sequence (2, 2) is valid, because (2, 2, *) may correspond to a character, where * represents an arbitrary key value; and the sequence (2, 3) is invalid, because (2, 3, *) cannot correspond to any character.
  • the number of elements in the direction key input sequence S is the preset number k, and the sequence is valid, the direction key input sequence S is saturated.
  • the input code value C is determined based on the direction key input sequence S (step 745).
  • the calculation of the code value C is based on a mapping relationship between the direction key input sequence S and the character code value C in the preset current code table.
  • 5R (S, C): S ⁇ C involves only the mapping of the saturated sequence to the character code value, the unsaturated sequence S can be complemented.
  • the sequence S already contains at least one element. In the case of no saturation, if the sequence S is valid, it means that the number of elements of the sequence S is less than k, and the vacant element can be supplemented with default values. For example, the sequence (2, 2) is added to the sequence (2, 2, 0).
  • any one of the direction keys can be used to complement the sequence after the completion. If the sequence S is invalid, you can directly select the corresponding character encoding value to be null ( Null ). Note that the so-called padding here is only used for calculations, and does not change the stored direction key input sequence S.
  • the current character is determined based on the input code value and the current code table, and the current character prompt information is displayed on the display screen (step 750).
  • the character corresponding to the code value C calculated according to step 745 is the current character. If the sequence S is invalid and the corresponding code value is null, the current character can be set to not exist, or set as the default character.
  • the current character prompt information can also be displayed on the display screen, for example, the current character can be highlighted when there is a cursor prompt; or the current character is displayed in the dynamic prompt box.
  • step 750 return to step 705 and wait for the confirmation key to confirm the current character.
  • the current character is confirmed by the confirmation key as the input character as the end of the single character input. That is, each character has to go through the confirmation key to confirm the input. After the input of one character is finished, the input of the next character is started, and the above steps are cycled in this way.
  • step 709 is performed to uniformly judge the button type, that is, obtain Enter the type of button and perform the appropriate action based on its type. If it is a code table selection key, step 715 and step 720 are performed, and then return to step 705; if it is a confirmation key, step 760 is performed, and then the input of the current character is ended; if it is a direction key, steps 735 and 740 are sequentially executed. , 745 and 750, then return to step 705 to wait for the next button; if it is a button other than the above three, step 755 is performed, and then return to step 705.
  • FIG. 7B and FIG. 7A denote the same operational steps, and any embodiment that can be used in FIG. 7A in each step can be used in the embodiment of FIG. 7B.
  • the methods implemented in Figures 7A and 7B are essentially identical. Due to the method according to the present invention, for the saturated direction key input sequence S, there is no re-code for a single code table. Therefore, in order to improve the input efficiency, the corresponding character of the direction key input sequence S can be directly confirmed as saturated. Enter characters to reduce the number of key presses. The flow chart of the method of inputting the sequence S with the direction key to reach the saturated input character is shown in Figs. 8A and 8B.
  • Fig. 8A the steps of the same reference numerals are performed similarly to those in Fig. 7.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 8A differs from Fig. 7A in that a step 721 of determining whether the direction key input sequence S has reached saturation is added.
  • step 721 is added after step 710 to determine the non-code list selection key input, before step 725.
  • the step 721 judges that the direction key input sequence S is saturated, the current character corresponding to the sequence S is automatically confirmed as an input character (go to step 760), thereby completing the input of one character.
  • step 725 is continued.
  • this step 721 can also be placed at step 740 of updating the direction key input sequence S until any position after step 750.
  • step 705 after the key input is detected in step 705, the key input type is not judged whether or not the button type is performed, but step 709 is performed, and the key type is uniformly judged, that is, obtained. Enter the type of button and perform the appropriate action based on its type. If it is a code list selection key, step 715 and step 720 are performed, and then return to step 705; if it is a confirmation key, step 760 is performed, and then the input of the current character is ended; if it is a direction key, steps 735 and 740 are sequentially executed.
  • step 751 to determine whether the direction key input sequence S is saturated, if it is saturated, go to step 760, if not, go back to step 705 and wait for the next button; if it is other than the above three Press the button to execute step 755, and then return to step 705.
  • FIG. 8B and FIG. 8A denote the same operational steps, and any of the embodiments that can be used in FIG. 8A can be used in the embodiment of FIG. 8B.
  • the methods implemented in Figures 8A and 8B are essentially identical.
  • the confirmation key can be used as the bounce trigger, it can be set that when the direction key input sequence S is empty, the default character of the current code table is not the current character, but the current character is empty. Therefore, pressing the ENTER button at this time does not correspond to confirming the character input, but means entering the menu (menu) state and exiting the character input state through the menu selection.
  • Those skilled in the art can make settings in accordance with the actual conditions of the electronic device to which the method of the present invention is applied.

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Description

通过方向键进行字符输入的方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电子设备的文本输入, 具体而言, 涉及一种通过按键进行对象 输入的方法, 特别是通过方向键进行字符输入的方法。 背景技术
电子设备的文本输入主要有手写输入和键盘输入两大类, 一些设备也有支 持通过触摸屏进行点选输入, 其实质上是将屏幕区域作为模拟键盘使用, 也属 于键盘输入的思想。 对于键盘输入而言, 标准的全键盘输入, 例如计算机的键 盘或全键盘的 PDA、 智能手机等提供的功能最为完善, 但是全键盘要求的空间 面积较大, 因此, 使用有一定限制。 为此, 有多种针对较少按键键盘的输入法 被开发出来, 其中以在 4 x 3的 12键的数字小键盘(keypad )进行文本输入方法 最为典型。 随着手机产品的广泛应用, 关于应用小键盘的输入方法层出不穷。 但是始终, 对于按键多义性的问题并没有很好的解决。 当以字符而不是语素(这 里语素指表意的语言单位, 例如汉语中的 "字" 或英语中的 "单词" ) 作为输 入对象时, 平均输入一个字符所需的按键次数为 3次左右。
一些面板空间有限的设备, 例如一些电子书阅读器, MP3、 MP4 等影音播 放设备通常不用到数字键, 只有方向键和确认键等数量更少的按键, 通常也不 具备文本输入功能, 只能通过将设备与计算机连接通过计算机来进行需要文本 输入的操作。 这是相当不方便的, 例如, 当人们在阅览电子书的时候, 可能需 要随时加入书签或批注, 这时能够使用阅读器进行文本输入就显得十分必要。 在电子书上设置全键盘当然可以解决这一问题, 例如当前销量最大的 Amazon 公司出品的 kindle 阅读器就有很多使用了全键盘。 但是全键盘所需占用的面积 很大, 要么需增大电子书的尺寸, 要么减小屏幕的面积, 各有弊端。 并且, 全 键盘也带来了相应的按键扫描电路、 按键盘等硬件成本的增加。 如果能在现有 产品的基础上, 通过少数的几个按键, 例如方向键来直接进行文本输入, 将是 较为理想的, 但是现有技术中并没有这样的输入方法。
公开号为 WO2006073273A1 , 名为 "Method and apparatus for inputting character through direction input unit" (通过方向输入单元进行字符输入的方法 和装置)的专利国际(PCT ) 申请中涉及了一种方向键输入方法。 该方法通过建 立方向键的按键序列到 4 x 3的 12键的小键盘的按键之间的映射关系来实现方 向键的输入, 例如以每两个方向键的序列对应 12个小键盘按键中的一个。 这种 输入方法实际上仍是以现有的小键盘与字符的对应输入为基础, 只不过进行了 方向键到小键盘之间的对应, 因此, 对于一个字符输入而言, 如果用小键盘输 入的平均按键次数为 3 次的话, 则该专利申请的方法需要的按键次数加倍。 因 此, 这种输入方法的效率不高。 并且更影响其应用的是, 用户需要准确记忆小 键盘的字符与方向键输入序列的对应关系, 对于普通用户而言使用起来将极为 不便。
专利号为 6 , 567 , 072 , 名为 "Character input device and method" (字符输 入设备和方法) 的美国专利公开了一种通过方向确认装置、 按键输入装置和显 示屏配合进行字符输入的方法。 其中方向确认装置为一摇杆, 能进行倾斜角度 和力度的输出; 通过一控制单元接收方向确认装置输出的半径和圆周位置信息, 根据半径信息与其中存储的所述输出与字符集的对应关系进行屏幕显示, 再根 据圆周位置信息对屏幕显示的字符集中的单个字符进行选择, 最后以按键输入 装置确认选中的字符进行输入。 这种输入方法对方向确认装置的要求非常高, 其不仅要能在圓周上进行多个方向的定位, 还要在每个圓周位置上进行不同半 径的定位, 从而使其结构非常复杂, 带来相应的硬件成本的增加和易损。 并且 显然此方法对于现有的普通按键式电子装置没有通用性。
因此, 现有技术的输入装置和方法并不适于在电子书或 MP3、 MP4等只有 少数按键的电子设备上的文本输入。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于, 提供一种用少数几个按键, 例如 4 个方向键来实现文 本输入的装置和方法。 使得装置的结构可以很简单, 甚至不需要在现有的硬件 基础上进行改动, 并且这种输入方法能克服现有技术中由输入按键个数减少带 来的输入单个字符必须多次按键的缺陷。
为了达到这一目的, 本发明提供了一种通过方向键进行字符输入的方法, 该方法发首先构建输入字符集合中的字符和方向键输入序列的映射关系, 并建 立表示所述映射关系的至少一张码表; 通过码表选择键和方向键进行字符输入, 字符输入包括以下步骤:
S 10: 根据码表选择键的输入确定一码表为当前码表;
S20: 在显示屏上显示当前码表的提示信息;
S30: 根据方向键输入序列在当前码表中确定输入字符。
其中, 所述确定输入字符的步骤 S30进一步包括以下步骤:
S31 : 根据当前的方向键输入序列在当前码表中选择当前字符;
S35: 判断选中条件是否满足, 如果满足则继续步骤 S39; 如果不满足则回 到步骤 S31 ;
S39: 确定当前字符为输入字符。
其中, 所述选中条件为当前的方向键输入序列已经饱和, 其中所述饱和是 指方向键输入序列已经达到预定长度, 且该方向键输入序列在当前码表中对应 有字符。 或者, 所述方法还包括使用一确认键, 在步骤 S35 中, 将确认键被按 下作为选中条件。
根据本发明的另一方面, 还提供了另一种通过方向键进行字符输入的方法, 其同样是构建输入字符集合中的字符和方向键输入序列的映射关系, 并建立表 示所述映射关系的至少一张码表; 通过码表选择键、 方向键和确认键进行字符 输入, 字符输入包括以下步骤:
P10 ) 检测是否有新的按键输入, 没有则继续等待, 有则继续下一步骤; P20 ) 判断输入的按键的类型, 并根据输入按键类型分别执行以下操作: 当输入码表选择键时, 根据输入按键切换当前码表, 并控制显示屏显示当 前码表提示信息; 之后回到步骤 P10;
当输入方向键时, 识别输入的方向键的键值, 并据此更新方向键输入序列, 根据方向键输入序列在当前码表中确定一当前字符; 之后回到步骤 P 10;
当输入为确认键时, 确认当前字符为输入字符, 一个字符的输入结束。 较佳地, 所述步骤 P20 中, 当输入方向键时, 还包括在更新方向键输入序 列和确定当前字符之后, 判断该方向键输入序列是否饱和的步骤, 如果不饱和 则回到步骤 P10; 如果饱和则确认当前字符为输入字符, 一个字符的输入结束; 其中, 所述饱和是指方向键输入序列已经达到预定长度, 且该方向键输入序列 在当前码表中对应有字符。 较佳地, 所述方向键的个数为 4个, 所述方向键输入序列最多有 3个元素。 较佳地, 所述输入字符集合中的字符和方向键输入序列的映射关系为: 输 入字符集合中的字符分布于各张码表之中, 每张码表内的每个字符赋予不同的 码值 C, 对于每张码表, 不同的方向键输入序列对应不同的码值 C。
较佳地, 每张码表中, 所述方向键输入序列与所述码值 C的对应关系为: 将第 i个方向键赋予键值 Si,则由方向键输入序列中各键的键值构成的行向量 S 与码值 C呈线性关系: C=S x BT, 其中 B为相应维数的系数向量。
同时, 本发明还提供了一种通过方向键进行字符输入的装置, 所述装置包 括字符输入模块和与之通信连接的输入按键组、 显示屏和存储器, 其中, 所述 输入按键组包括至少一个表码选择键、 多个方向键和至少一确认键, 其所述存 储器存储有控制所述显示屏和字符输入模块执行上述的方法的内容。
根据本发明的另一实施例, 还提供了另一种通过方向键进行字符输入的装 置, 所述装置包括字符输入模块和与之通信连接的输入按键组、 显示屏和存储 器, 其特征在于, 所述输入按键组包括至少一个表码选择键、 多个方向键和至 少一确认键; 所述存储器存储有输入字符集合中的字符和方向键输入序列的映 射关系, 以及表示所述映射关系的至少一张码表; 且所述字符输入模块包括: 按键识别单元, 用于接收按键输入, 并识别是哪个按键被按下;
输入判断单元, 判断输入按键的类型;
分析处理单元, 根据输入按键的类型执行相应的操作; 其中, 当输入码表 选择键时, 根据输入按键切换当前码表, 并将当前码表提示信息发送给显示控 制单元; 当输入方向键时, 识别输入的方向键的键值, 并据此更新方向键输入 序列, 并才艮据方向键输入序列在当前码表中确定一当前字符; 当输入为确认键 时, 确认当前字符为输入字符, 并将输入字符发送到输入暂存单元;
显示控制单元, 根据接收的信息控制显示屏进行相应显示;
字符输入暂存单元, 用于存储确认的输入字符。
本发明的有益效果在于, ( 1 ) 可以通过极少的按键实现大量字符的输入, 与设置全键盘或数字键盘相比减少了所需的空间, 并使电子装置的结构更简单。 ( 2 )本发明的输入方法步骤简捷, 仅需较少的按键次数就可以实现字符的输入。 ( 3 )本发明所使用的方向键和确认键以及码表选择键均以现有的电子书阅读器、 影音播放器等电子装置既有按键为基础, 完全可以在基本不改变其硬件结构的 前提下来实现, 具有极强的通用性。 (4 ) 并且由于将字符输入的过程与屏幕提 示信息相配合, 使得该方法的使用非常容易掌握, 使用者无需进行复杂的记忆。 并且, 通过将码表的提示位置设置成与标准键盘的键位一致, 更符合使用者的 心理习惯。 附图说明
图 1是本发明方向键字符输入装置的一实施例的外部结构示意图; 图 2是本发明方向键字符输入装置的一实施例的结构模块示意图; 图 3 A、 3B是本发明方向键字符输入方法的流程图;
图 4是本发明方向键字符输入方法实施例的码表一;
图 5是本发明方向键字符输入方法实施例的码表二;
图 6是本发明方向键字符输入方法实施例的码表三;
图 7A、 7B是本发明方向键方法实施例一输入一个字符的流程图; 图 8A、 8B是本发明方向键方法实施例二输入一个字符的流程图; 图 9是根据本发明一实施例的显示界面示意图。 具体实施方式
首先, 要说明的是, 在本发明的权利要求和说明书中提及的 "方向键" , 应做广义的理解, 即其不仅指上、 下、 左、 右四个方向的四个按键, 也可以以 任何四个或其它个数的其它按键来实现, 例如该四个按键为: A、 B、 C、 D 或 者 1、 2、 3、 4等任何名称同样可以用来实现本发明, 并同样会落入本发明的权 利要求范围之内。 使用四个方向键只是本发明的较佳实施例, 其便于在现有的 电子书阅读器或影音播放器 MP3、 MP4等之上的直接应用。 显然, 也可以使用 小于四个或多于四个的方向键。 方向键的个数可根据欲输入的字符和对单个字 符明义输入所需按键次数的需求来综合考虑, 灵活确定。
本发明中所谓的通信连接是包括两个装置直接进行信息交互或者通过第三 者中间装置进行信息交互, 或是任何能在两个装置之间进行信息交互的连接方 式。
本发明方向键字符输入装置的一实施例的外部结构和模块示意图分别如图 1和图 2所示。 其中显示了电子装置 1, 其包括: 显示屏 30、 输入按键组 20和 控制模块。 其中, 输入按键组 20包括确认键 25、 码表选择键 26和四个方向键 21、 22、 23、 24 , 例如分别表示为上、 下、 左、 右四个方向。 其中, 如果仅输 入少数字符, 从而码表只有一张而无需切换时, 输入装置可以不用码表选择键 26。 较佳的是, 码表选择键 26应具有双向切换的功能, 即, 可用来控制以向前 或向后两个方向翻页进行码表的切换, 因此, 具有双向选择的按键是优选的实 施方式。 当然也可以设置两个码表选择键分别对应两个方向的切换, 或者仅设 置一个单向按键控制码表循环切换。
显然, 图 1 的装置中的键盘和显示屏均可以在现有的电子书阅读器或影音 播放器 MP3、 MP4等的硬件基础上实现。 方向键、 确认键都是现有的, 而码表 选择键可以用翻页键实现, 或者用音量调节键实现。
而控制电路部分可包括字符输入模块 40和中央控制单元 50。 其中, 字符输 入模块 40用于实现字符输入, 中央控制单元控制电子装置的各种功能。 要说明 的是, 这里模块或单元的划分是功能上的或逻辑上的, 而并非要每个单元均以 单独的硬件元件来实现。 并且图 2的实例仅为说明的电子装置 1 的字符输入控 制, 而电子装置 1 的其它功能所涉及的与字符输入的按键和功能的复用并未加 以阐述。 本领域的技术人员可将本发明的方向键输入方法和装置与任何相应的 硬件设备和功能进行融合。
字符输入模块 40包括按键识别单元 41、 输入判断单元 42、 分析处理单元 43、 显示控制单元 44和字符输入暂存单元 45。 其中, 按键识别单元 41与多个 输入按键组 20通信连接, 接收按键输入并转化为相应的键值输入信息送入输入 判断单元 42; 输入判断单元 42对输入的按键类型进行判断, 而不同的按键类型 将分别对应不同的后续操作。 分析处理单元 43根据输入的按键类型进行相应的 计算和处理, 进行确认字符输入和确定显示屏 30要显示的输入提示信息等, 并 将要显示的输入提示信息发送到显示控制单元 44 ,由显示控制单元 44控制与其 通信连接的显示屏 30进行输入提示信息的显示。
其中, 在分析处理单元 43 , 当输入码表选择键时, 根据输入按键切换当前 码表, 并将当前码表提示信息发送给显示控制单元 44; 当输入方向键时, 识别 输入的方向键的键值, 并据此更新方向键输入序列, 并根据方向键输入序列在 当前码表中确定一当前字符; 当输入为确认键时, 确认当前字符为输入字符, 并将输入字符发送到字符输入暂存单元 45。 分析处理单元 43确定输入的字符被放入字符输入暂存单元 45 ,进一步传送 到中央控制单元 50, 用于相应的功能, 例如修改文件名, 添加注释等等。 同时 中央控制单元也可控制显示屏 30的字符输入区进行输入显示。
本发明的装置中, 字符输入模块 40和中央控制单元 50功能可以是由一微 处理器、 一存储器实现, 其中, 所述存储器中存储有能够控制所述微处理器执 行上述各单元的功能的程序。 关于所述存储器中存储的程序能够控制所述微处 理器执行的操作流程的具体内容可以参见以下结合附图 3-9 对本发明输入方法 的详细描述。
本发明方向键字符输入方法的流程如图 3 所示。 其核心思想是将多次按压 方向键的按键序列 S 与欲输入的字符编码值 C 之间建立映射关系 ¾ ( S, C) : s→c , 并将该映射关系以码表的形式显示输入提示信息,从而便于 用户参照码表显示的提示信息进行按键序列的输入; 之后, 根据用户输入的方 向键按键序列和码表确定相应的字符输入。 以 m个方向键, 每个字符输入最多 按方向键 k次为例, 其可以一一映射的方式表示 mK个字符。 为了便于提示信息 的阅读, 较佳的是将码表分成多张, 其中每张码表对应一屏进行显示, 并且每 张码表包含的字符数不大于 mK。 通过构建多张码表, 就可以对多于 mK个的字符 进行显示。
参见图 3A、 3B , 当电子装置进入字符输入状态之后, 首先根据码表选择键 的输入确定一当前码表(步骤 S 10 ) , 如果没有码表选择键被按下, 则可以默认 以首张码表或者最近一次使用的码表作为当前码表。 当只有一张码表时, 这一 步骤可以省略。 之后, 在显示屏上显示该当前码表的提示信息(步骤 S20 ) , 例 如, 如图 9 所示。 码表提示信息可以表格的形式呈现, 分别显示对应方向键输 入序列的输出字符。 用户可以参照提示信息, 输入相应的方向键输入序列, 电 子装置则根据方向键的输入在当前码表中确定输入字符 (步骤 S30 ) 。
参见图 3B , 其中, 确定输入字符的方法为: 首先, 根据方向键输入序列在 当前码表中选择当前字符(步骤 S31 ) , 这一步骤中, 选择当前字符随着方向键 输入序列 S 的变化, 显示屏屏幕提示中当前字符的位置可以相应随之变化。 之 后, 判断选中条件是否满足(步骤 S35 ) ; 如果不满足则回到步骤 S31 , 等待后 续的输入使方向键输入序列变化等改变以使选中条件满足, 如果选中条件已经 满足, 则才艮据确认该当前字符作为输入字符(步骤 S39 ) 。 其中, 所述选中条件 可以是确认键被按下, 或者也可以在方向键输入序列 S达到预定的饱和长度时, 即进行字符输出。 一旦确认输入字符后, 本个字符输入就结束了, 可以接着重 新开始下一个字符的输入。
其中所述饱和是指方向键输入序列已经达到预定长度, 且该方向键输入序 列在当前码表中对应有字符。 在后文对饱和有更详细的解释。
下面以四个方向键控制输入 ASCII码中 95个可显示字符为例, 详细描述本 发明的输入方法。 本领域技术人员显然可根据需要自行选择需输入的字符和构 造不同的码表。 例如可根据不同语种的需要设定日语的平假名或片假名字符, 或者法语、 俄语、 拉丁语等各种语言的字符。
参见图 4到图 6所示的本发明实施例的码表。 ASCII码表总共 95个可显示 字符, 可分成 3张表, 利用电子装置的 "+/-" 双向按键作为码表选择键控制切 换。 图 4 所示的码表一为 26个小写字母、 10个数字 (0~9 ) 、 Space. Tab和 Backspace, 总共 39个字符, 其相对位置大致和标准键盘键位保持一致。 码表二 为 26个大写字母、 10个数字 (0~9 )、 Space, Tab和 Backspace, 总共 39个字 符。 表三为 32个普通标点符号、 Enter、 Space. Tab和 Backspace, 总共 36个 字符。 本实施例中, 方向键(上、 下、 左、 右)按键个数 m为 4, 每个字符的 方向键按键次数 k=3 , mK =64大于每张码表的字符数, 因此可以保证每个字符可 以用含有三个键的方向键输入序列 S来表示。
在各个码表中, 每个字符都是由 3个方向键表示。 如图 4-6所示, 每行上的 字符, 其第一个方向键是第一个矩形内的方向键。 其他矩形内包含了 2个部分, 上面的是字符, 下面是其余的 2个方向键。 总共 3个方向键。 字符的方向键排 列是按照 "上下左右" 来排列。 每张码表都有 4行, 每行上字符的第一个方向 键分别对应上下左右方向键。 每行以 4 个字符为一组, 可以分成若干组, 每组 第二个方向键依次对应上下左右方向键。 每组有 4 个字符, 其第三个方向键分 别对应于上下左右方向键。
参见下面的表 1到表 3,其分别为本发明优选实施例的三张码表中相应字符 的码值。 一种简单直接的建立方向键输入序列 S 与码表中字符的映射关系的方 法是通过建立方向键输入序列 S 到码表中各个字符的码值的一一映射关系。 这 种映射关系可以根据每一张码表分别建立, 而本领域技术人员可以根据数学常 识构建各种不同的映射关系和映射算法。 或者, 可以根据每个字符在码表提示 信息中的位置来设置字符在该码表中的代码, 这样对于不同的码表, 只要字符 显示提示位置相同就对应相同的按键序列, 便于用户以熟悉的方式输入按键序 列, 并且对于不同的码表可以使用相同的映射公式, 也给程序编制带来方便。 表 1 : 码表一中字符与其码值对应表
Figure imgf000011_0001
表 2: 码表二中字符与其码值对应表
Figure imgf000011_0002
5 4 T 114 G 124 B 134
6 5 Y 115 H 125 N 135
7 6 u 116 J 126 M 136
8 7 I 117 K 127 Space 137
9 8 o 118 L 128 Backspace 138
0 9 P 119 Tab 129
表 3: 码表三中字符与其码值对应表
Figure imgf000012_0001
其中, 映射关系可以是能用公式显示表示的关系, 例如 C=F ( S ) , 对于多 张码表, 码值 C可能还与码表编号 A有关, 即 C=F ( S, A ) 。 当然, 如果不用 公式显示表示而是通过将上述码表中方向键序列 S和字符码值 C的映射关系直 接保存于一映射表, 之后通过查找该映射表来对应二者也是可以的。 一般来说, 公式显示表示的方法比查找映射表的方法具有更高的效率, 特别是当所述公式 是线性运算, 例如本实施例的向量乘的时候。 总的字符个数越多, 这一优势越 明显, 而码表的设计和映射关系的选择所产生的影响越为重要。
为提高效率, 可以建立线性公式来表示对应关系。 例如果设输入按键序列 的赋值为: S=[S1,S2,S3], 码表编号 A=a, 表 1的线性系数 B=[b (a) ,bl,b2,b3], 则表 1中字符的码值 C可以表示为:
C=[A,S] X BT=b (a) a+blSl+b2S3+b3S3
这对于计算码值是十分方便的, 并且高效。
对于本实施例而言, 设按键上†、 下 1、 左 、 右→分别赋值为 0、 1、 2、
3。 以表 1 为例, 赋值 a=l, b ( 1) =0, bl=10, b2=4, b3=l。 表 2中, 则是一 分段线性的映射, 即 a=2, 则要简单执行一个判断, 如果 S1=0, 则 b (2) =0; 如果 SI不为 0, 则 b (2) =100; 而 bl=10, b2=4, b3=l保持不动, 与表 1中相 同。 或者也可将表 2中数字字符 1-9以及 0的码值分别赋予 100-109, 则可免去 判断 S1的步骤, 而直接令 b (2) =100。 对于表 3, 赋值 a=3, 则 b (3) =50, 而 bl=10, b2=4, b3=l保持与表 1、 表 2—致。
可以有多种不同的具体方式来实现图 3 所示的本发明的方向键输入方法。 下面结合图 7A、B和图 8A、B来介绍根据本发明两个实施例的输入方法的流程。
参见图 9 所示, 在字符输入状态下, 显示屏的屏幕显示区至少具有一码表 提示区和一动态提示框。码表显示区显示码表的提示信息, 例如图 4-6所示的码 表; 动态提示框动态地显示当前已输入的方向键输入序列的按键。 优选的, 在 码表提示区具有一动态光标, 可以指示当前字符, 以方便用户确认。 而一般来 说, 屏幕显示区还同时设有显示已经输入的字符的输入记录区。
图 7 是仅适用码表选择键、 方向键和确认键进行字符输入的输入方法流程 图。 在字符输入状态下, 首先检测有否新的按键输入 (步骤 705 ) , 有则继续, 无则返回等待。 其中, 步骤 705 检测下一按键的输入是以循环查询查询为例, 当然也可以用中断的形式。 有按键输入时, 首先判断是否码表选择键输入 (步 骤 710) , 例如 "+/-" 键或翻页键输入。 如果是, 则根据输入切换当前码表(步 骤 715) , 并将显示切换为该当前码表的提示信息 (步骤 720) , 用户可以连续 切换码表直至期望码表显示在屏幕上。 一般来说, 切换码表显然意味着用户期 望输入的字符不在当前码表上, 而当前方向键输入序列 S是针对当前码表的, 故而切换码表的同时将之清零将有助于减少按键次数; 当然, 如果用户主要进 行大小写字母输入, 且不同码表中分别对应相同字母的大小写的按键序列相同 时 (例如图 4、 5的码表一和码表二) , 也可设为在该等码表间切换时 S不清零 进而方便操作。 按照一般习惯, 在没有方向键输入时, 将当前码表的第一个字 符作为默认字符, 显示为当前字符 (例如, 在有光标提示时, 可以高亮当前字 符; 或者在动态提示框内显示当前字符等) ; 但也可设置当前码表中使用频率 最高的字符作为默认字符, 或者以最后输入的字符作为默认字符。
当用户选定了当前码表之后, 即步骤 710 判断为否, 接下来要判断是否是 确认键输入(步驟 725 ) , 如果是, 则确认 "当前字符" 是输入字符(转到步骤 760 ) , 这一情况发生在以码表的默认字符为输入字符时, 或者通过方向键输入 得到了期望字符。如果不是确认键,则接下来判断是否为方向键输入(步骤 730 ); 如果也不是方向键, 则执行当前按键的相应功能(转到步骤 755 )。 这一步骤是 为了除表码选择键、 确认键和方向键之外的其它按键来丰富本发明的方法而设 置, 对于只有上述三种按键而没有其它按键的场合, 流程图中可以没有这一分 支步骤。一般来说,比较常用的 "其它按键"包括删除(delete )键或退出键(esc ), 可以用来表示删除最后输入的方向键或字符; 或者也可是电子装置的其它功能 键, 其功能与字符输入无关。 步骤 755之后, 再返回步骤 705。
当步骤 730 判为是方向键输入时, 继续对方向键进行识别, 识别其是哪一 个方向键(步骤 735 )。 例如, 给四个方向键分别赋予键值 Kn ( n=l、 2、 3、 4 ), 在本步骤中获取键值 Κη。
之后, 根据该键值 Κη更新方向键输入序列 S (步骤 740 ) 。 一种简单的更 新方式是, 将键值 Κη加入到序列 S的末尾。根据方法对每个字符方向键按键次 数 k的预设, 可以在这一步进行一个简单的判断, 例如当设为 k=3 , 即 3个方向 键确定一个字符时, 如果序列 S 已经达到 3个有效按键输入而饱和, 则不再增 加序列 S的长度。 或者还可设置另一种判断, 在当前序列 S中的方向键序列无 效时, 输入的方向键用以取代序列的最后一个方向键。
其中, 所谓方向键输入序列 S 的有效或无效是指在当前码表中有否与该序 列 S可能匹配的字符。 例如, 将上、 下、 左、 右四个方向键分别赋予键值 0、 1、 2、 3 , 则对于图 4所示的码表一, 序列 (3 , 0, 0 ) 为有效, 其对应符号 "z" ; 而序列 (3, 2, 3 ) 则为无效, 因为没有字符与之对应。 再例如, 序列 (2 , 2 ) 为有效, 因为 (2, 2 , * ) 可能会对应字符, 其中 *表示任意键值; 而序列 (2, 3 ) 为无效, 因为 (2, 3 , * ) 不可能对应任何字符。 当方向键输入序列 S 中元 素个数为预设次数 k, 且该序列为有效时, 称为方向键输入序列 S是饱和的。
接下来, 根据方向键输入序列 S确定输入码值 C (步骤 745 )。 码值 C的计 算根据预设的当前码表中方向键输入序列 S与字符编码值 C之间建立映射关系 ¾ (S, C) : S→C进行。如果 5R (S, C) : S→C仅涉及饱和序列与字符编码值的 映射, 则可以对不饱和序列 S进行补齐。 例如, 这一步骤中, 序列 S 已经至少 包含一个元素, 在不饱和的情况下, 如果序列 S是有效的, 则意味着序列 S的 元素个数不足 k个, 可以将空缺元素用默认值补齐, 例如将序列 (2, 2 ) 补齐 为序列 (2, 2, 0 ) , 当然也可以用任何一个方向键进行补齐, 使补齐后的序列 有效即可。 如果序列 S 是无效的, 则可以直接选择令相应的字符编码值为空 ( Null ) 。 注意的是这里所谓的补齐只是用于计算, 而并不改变存储的方向键输 入序列 S。
再接下来, 根据输入码值和当前码表确定当前字符, 并在显示屏上显示该 当前字符提示信息 (步骤 750 ) 。 根据步骤 745计算的码值 C所对应的字符为 当前字符, 如果序列 S 无效, 对应码值为空, 则当前字符可以设为不存在, 或 者设为默认字符。 同时, 还可在显示屏上显示该当前字符提示信息, 例如, 在 有光标提示时, 可以高亮当前字符; 或者在动态提示框内显示当前字符等。
步骤 750之后, 回到步骤 705 , 等待确认键对当前字符进行确认。 在本实施 例中, 以确认键对当前字符进行确认为输入字符作为单个字符输入的终结。 即 每个字符都要经过按确认键来确定输入。 一个字符的输入结束之后, 开始下一 个字符的输入, 如此循环上述各个步骤。
或者,也可以如图 7B所示,对于按键输入在步骤 705检测到按键输入之后, 不是对按键类型——进行是或否的判断, 而是执行步骤 709 , 对按键类型进行统 一判断, 即获取输入按键类型, 并根据其不同类型执行相应的操作。 如果是码 表选择键, 则执行步骤 715和步骤 720 , 之后回到步骤 705 ; 如果是确认键, 则 执行步骤 760 , 之后结束当前字符的输入; 如果是方向键, 则依次执行步骤 735、 740、 745和 750 , 之后回到步骤 705等待下一次按键; 如果是除上述三种之外 的其它按键, 则执行步骤 755, 之后回到步骤 705。 其中, 图 7B与图 7A中相同 的标号表示相同的操作步骤,每一步骤中凡是可用于图 7A的实施方式均可用于 图 7B的实施例。 事实上, 图 7A和 7B实现的方法是本质上相同的。 由于根据本发明的方法, 对于饱和的方向键输入序列 S 而言, 对于单一码 表并无重码的情况, 因此为了提高输入效率, 可以将方向键输入序列 S 达到饱 和时对应的字符直接确认为输入字符, 从而减少按键次数。 以方向键输入序列 S 达到饱和输入字符的方法流程图如图 8A、 8B所示。
在图 8A中, 相同标号的步骤与图 7中执行类似的操作。 图 8A的实施例与 图 7A不同之处在于, 增加了判断方向键输入序列 S是否达到饱和的步骤 721。 本实施例中, 步骤 721被加入到在步驟 710判断非码表选择键输入之后, 步骤 725之前。 当步骤 721判断方向键输入序列 S饱和时,序列 S所对应的当前字符 被自动确认为输入字符(跳转到步骤 760 ) , 从而完成一个字符的输入。 而方向 键输入序列 S不饱和时, 则继续步骤 725。 事实上, 本实施例中, 这一步骤 721 还可以放在更新方向键输入序列 S的步骤 740直到步骤 750之后的任何位置。
或者,也可以如图 8B所示,对于按键输入在步骤 705检测到按键输入之后, 不是对按键类型——进行是或否的判断, 而是执行步骤 709, 对按键类型进行统 一判断, 即获取输入按键类型, 并根据其不同类型执行相应的操作。 如果是码 表选择键, 则执行步骤 715和步驟 720, 之后回到步骤 705; 如果是确认键, 则 执行步骤 760 , 之后结束当前字符的输入; 如果是方向键, 则依次执行步骤 735、 740、 745和 750, 然后进行判断方向键输入序列 S是否饱和的步骤 751 , 如果饱 和则转到步骤 760, 如果不饱和则回到步骤 705等待下一次按键; 如果是除上述 三种之外的其它按键, 则执行步骤 755, 之后回到步骤 705。
其中, 图 8B与图 8A中相同的标号表示相同的操作步骤, 每一步骤中凡是 可用于图 8A的实施方式均可用于图 8B的实施例。 事实上, 图 8A和 8B实现的 方法是本质上相同的。
关于跳出字符输入状态, 可以用确认键实现或者设置单独的 "跳出(exit ) " 键作为跳出触发。 当以确认键作为跳出触发时, 可以设定当方向键输入序列 S 为空时, 并不以当前码表的默认字符为当前字符, 而是令当前字符为空。 从而, 此时按确认键并不对应确认字符输入, 而是表示进入菜单 (menu ) 状态, 通过 菜单选择退出字符输入状态。 这些本领域技术人员可以根据本发明方法应用的 电子装置的实际情况进行设置。
要说明的是, 本发明的方向键输入装置和方法的权利要求保护范围将延及 所有使用该输入装置和方法的电子设备。 包括以任何硬件或软件形式实现该方 法, 包括但不限于运行于任何操作系统平台的任何形式的计算机语言程序或编 译的程序来实现该方法, 以及任何形式的硬件实现。
以上对本发明的描述是说明性的, 而非限制性的, 本专业技术人员理解, 在权利要求限定的精神与范围之内可对其进行许多修改、 变化或等效, 但是它 们都将落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种通过方向键进行字符输入的方法, 其特征在于, 构建输入字符集合 中的字符和方向键输入序列的映射关系, 并建立表示所述映射关系的至少一张 码表; 通过码表选择键和方向键进行字符输入, 字符输入包括以下步骤:
S 10: 根据码表选择键的输入确定一码表为当前码表;
S20: 在显示屏上显示当前码表的提示信息;
S30: 根据方向键输入序列在当前码表中确定输入字符。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定输入字符的步骤 S30 进一步包括以下步骤:
S31 : 根据当前的方向键输入序列在当前码表中选择当前字符;
S35 : 判断选中条件是否满足, 如果满足则继续步骤 S39; 如果不满足则回 到步骤 S31 ;
S39: 确定当前字符为输入字符。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述选中条件为当前的方向 键输入序列已经饱和, 其中所述饱和是指方向键输入序列已经达到预定长度, 且该方向键输入序列在当前码表中对应有字符。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括使用一确认 键, 在步骤 S35中, 将确认键被按下作为选中条件。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方向键的个数为 4个。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方向键输入序列的长度 最大为 3。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述输入字符集合中的字符 和方向键输入序列的映射关系为: 输入字符集合中的字符分布于各张码表之中, 每张码表内的每个字符赋予不同的码值 C , 对于每张码表, 不同的方向键输入 序列对应不同的码值 C。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 每张码表中, 所述方向键输 入序列与所述码值 C的对应关系为: 将第 i个方向键赋予键值 Si, 则由方向键 输入序列中各键的键值构成的行向量 S与码值 C呈线性关系: C=S x BT,其中 B 为相应维数的系数向量。
9、 一种通过方向键进行字符输入的方法, 其特征在于, 构建输入字符集合 中的字符和方向键输入序列的映射关系, 并建立表示所述映射关系的至少一张 码表; 通过码表选择键、 方向键和确认键进行字符输入, 字符输入包括以下步 骤:
P10 )检测是否有新的按键输入, 没有则继续等待, 有则继续下一步骤; P20 ) 判断输入的按键的类型, 并根据输入按键类型分别执行以下操作: 当输入码表选择键时, 根据输入按键切换当前码表, 并控制显示屏显示当 前码表提示信息; 之后回到步骤 P10;
当输入方向键时, 识别输入的方向键的键值, 并据此更新方向键输入序列, 根据方向键输入序列在当前码表中确定一当前字符; 之后回到步骤 P 10;
当输入为确认键时, 确认当前字符为输入字符, 一个字符的输入结束。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 P20 中, 当输入 方向键时, 还包括在更新方向键输入序列和确定当前字符之后, 判断该方向键 输入序列是否饱和的步骤, 如果不饱和则回到步骤 P10; 如果饱和则确认当前字 符为输入字符, 一个字符的输入结束;
其中, 所述饱和是指方向键输入序列已经达到预定长度, 且该方向键输入 序列在当前码表中对应有字符。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方向键的个数为 4个。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方向键输入序列最多 有 3个元素。
13、 根据权利要求 9 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述输入字符集合中的字 符和方向键输入序列的映射关系为: 输入字符集合中的字符分布于各张码表之 中, 每张码表内的每个字符赋予不同的码值 C, 对于每张码表, 不同的方向键 输入序列对应不同的码值 C。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的方法, 其特征在于, 每张码表中, 所述方向键 输入序列与所述码值 C的对应关系为: 将第 i个方向键赋予键值 Si, 则由方向 键输入序列中各键的键值构成的行向量 S与码值 C呈线性关系: C=S x BT, 其 中 B为相应维数的系数向量。
15、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方向键的个数为 4个。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方向键输入序列的长 度为 3。
17、 一种通过方向键进行字符输入的装置, 所述装置包括字符输入模块和 与之通信连接的输入按键组、 显示屏和存储器, 其特征在于,
所述输入按键组包括至少一个表码选择键、 多个方向键和至少一确认键, 其所述存储器存储有控制所述显示屏和字符输入模块执行以下步骤的内容: S 10: 根据码表选择键的输入确定一码表为当前码表;
S20: 在显示屏上显示当前码表的提示信息;
S30: 根据方向键输入序列在当前码表中确定输入字符。
18、根据权利要求 17所述的通过方向键进行字符输入的装置,其特征在于, 所述存储器存储有输入字符集合中的字符和方向键输入序列的映射关系, 以及 表示所述映射关系的至少一张码表; 且所述字符输入模块包括:
按键识别单元, 用于接收按键输入, 并识别是哪个按键被按下;
输入判断单元, 判断输入按键的类型;
分析处理单元, 根据输入按键的类型执行相应的操作; 其中, 当输入码表 选择键时, 根据输入按键切换当前码表, 并将当前码表提示信息发送给显示控 制单元; 当输入方向键时, 识别输入的方向键的键值, 并据此更新方向键输入 序列, 并根据方向键输入序列在当前码表中确定一当前字符; 当输入为确认键 时, 确认当前字符为输入字符, 并将输入字符发送到输入暂存单元;
显示控制单元, 根据接收的信息控制显示屏进行相应显示;
字符输入暂存单元, 用于存储确认的输入字符。
PCT/CN2009/001485 2009-11-25 2009-12-17 通过方向键进行字符输入的方法和装置 WO2011063555A1 (zh)

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