WO2011062295A1 - アスベスト処理剤およびアスベスト処理方法 - Google Patents
アスベスト処理剤およびアスベスト処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011062295A1 WO2011062295A1 PCT/JP2010/071187 JP2010071187W WO2011062295A1 WO 2011062295 A1 WO2011062295 A1 WO 2011062295A1 JP 2010071187 W JP2010071187 W JP 2010071187W WO 2011062295 A1 WO2011062295 A1 WO 2011062295A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- asbestos
- phosphoric acid
- weight
- building material
- treatment agent
- Prior art date
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- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 216
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 216
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 200
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- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5016—Acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/36—Detoxification by using acid or alkaline reagents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/38—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by oxidation; by combustion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/0066—Disposal of asbestos
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
- A62D2101/41—Inorganic fibres, e.g. asbestos
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2203/00—Aspects of processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change in the substances
- A62D2203/04—Combined processes involving two or more non-distinct steps covered by groups A62D3/10 - A62D3/40
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an asbestos treating agent used for detoxifying and detoxifying asbestos and a method for detoxifying asbestos using the same.
- Asbestos is widely used especially as a building material, and its uses include a covering material for covering a wall, a sound absorbing material, a heat insulating material, and a slate material for a molded plate.
- asbestos has a negative effect on human health, such as the occurrence of lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis and mesothelioma, as the peeled fibers become acicular dust, and its use is prohibited or restricted. Yes.
- asbestos is also included in the building materials of buildings built before its use is prohibited, so the health of users who use these buildings may be adversely affected.
- asbestos fibers are scattered when these buildings are dismantled, so the asbestos may affect the health of dismantling workers and the surrounding environment will become more serious. Therefore, there is a strong demand for means for detoxifying asbestos.
- the method for detoxifying asbestos is required to be safe for the processing operator while performing the detoxification process.
- the amount of asbestos used in the building before its use was banned and the amount of asbestos used for other purposes is enormous. Is desired to be minimal.
- Patent Document 1 uses an asbestos treatment agent containing 0.5 to 50% by weight of an aqueous phosphoric acid solution, and this asbestos treatment agent is applied to a building material containing asbestos covering walls, ceilings, and the like of a building structure.
- a technique for modifying asbestos of a building material from a needle shape to a lump shape by spraying or coating is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 uses an asbestos treating agent added to an aqueous solution containing 30 to 50% phosphoric acid so that hydrogen peroxide is added to 3 to 5% by weight, and sprays the asbestos treating agent on a building material containing asbestos or The technique which apply
- the concentration of phosphoric acid is increased, and the concentration of phosphoric acid in the entire building material is increased during the treatment to force the reaction. Unreacted unevenness must be reduced.
- the concentration of phosphoric acid increases, the safety of the asbestos treating agent cannot be ensured.
- the phosphoric acid concentration is 4.0% by weight, burns to the skin may occur when contacting the human body. Therefore, in the operation
- the high-concentration phosphoric acid contained in the asbestos treatment agent is difficult to remove by washing after asbestos detoxification treatment, and there remains a risk of acid for the workers and users of the building. There is a fear.
- this asbestos treating agent Since this asbestos treating agent has a high concentration of phosphoric acid of 30 to 50%, the treatment is carried out by vigorous reaction in a short time. However, when an asbestos treatment agent is added to a building material such as a covering material or a slate material having a thickness of 1 to 3 cm or more, it takes a long time for the asbestos treatment agent to soak into the building material. Since hydrogen is lost, the problem of unevenness of unreacted substances and generation of reaction gas cannot be solved. Furthermore, since a treatment agent having a high phosphoric acid concentration is used, the safety problem has not been solved.
- the present invention has been devised in view of the above points, and its purpose is to have a small influence on the human body, the building, and the surrounding environment, and to be treated such as a covering material or a slate material that covers the wall thickly.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an asbestos treatment agent and an asbestos treatment method capable of uniformly asbestos-detoxifying evenly into the inside of the product and uniformly performing asbestos detoxification treatment.
- the asbestos treating agent of the present invention comprises 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of phosphoric acid, 1 to 20% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, 0.5 to 20% by weight of alcohol, and the remaining pure water. contains.
- Asbestos is detoxified with 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of phosphoric acid, and 1 to 20% by weight of hydrogen peroxide does not cause unevenness in the reaction of asbestos with phosphoric acid, and further 0.5 to 20% by weight.
- the hydrogen peroxide in the treatment solution is stably maintained for a long time by the alcohol. Since the balance is pure water, impurities in water, phosphoric acid and the like do not react and the asbestos treatment capacity does not decrease. Because of these functions, the asbestos treating agent treats asbestos evenly for a long time, so there is no need to forcibly react with unreacted substances with a high concentration of phosphoric acid or in a short time. It contains phosphoric acid at a low concentration of 3.0% by weight. The low concentration of phosphoric acid makes it highly safe for the human body. By these actions, an object to be treated such as a thick slate material or a wall covering material is treated, and a highly safe asbestos treating agent is obtained.
- Pure water preferably has an electric conductivity of 2.0 mS / m or less.
- the treatment capacity of the asbestos treatment agent is maintained by having less impurities in pure water.
- phosphoric acid is 1.0 to 2.5% by weight
- hydrogen peroxide is 2.0 to 6.0% by weight
- alcohol is ethanol 1.0 to 5.0% by weight.
- Ethanol with a concentration of 1.0 to 5.0% by weight is safe and suitable for work, is inexpensive, and has sufficient concentration to stabilize hydrogen peroxide and increase the permeability of asbestos treatment agents. Furthermore, by containing phosphoric acid at a concentration of 1.0 to 2.5% by weight, the reactivity and safety of phosphoric acid can be achieved even if the concentration varies due to alteration of the solution or evaporation of part of the solution.
- the hydrogen peroxide at a concentration of 2.0 to 6.0% by weight is a concentration sufficient to prevent uneven reaction of phosphoric acid and is not too high. On the other hand, safety is ensured.
- the asbestos treatment method of the present invention contains 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of phosphoric acid, 1 to 20% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, 0.5 to 20% by weight of alcohol, and pure water.
- the asbestos treating agent is permeated into the article to be treated containing asbestos, and then the asbestos treating agent of the article to be treated is removed by washing with washing water.
- asbestos is detoxified by phosphoric acid at a concentration that is highly safe for the human body.
- hydrogen peroxide in the treatment solution does not cause unevenness in the reaction of asbestos due to hydrogen peroxide. It is stable and has high permeability to materials that mainly use asbestos such as slate and walls.
- phosphoric acid remaining on the object to be processed is removed by washing, so that it becomes safe when the object to be processed is further processed and reused thereafter.
- phosphoric acid is 1.0 to 2.5% by weight
- hydrogen peroxide is 2.0 to 6.0% by weight
- alcohol is ethanol 1.0 to 5.0% by weight.
- Pure water preferably has an electrical conductivity of 2.0 mS / m or less.
- cleaning water having a pH exceeding 7.0.
- the acidic components contained in the asbestos treatment agent mainly phosphoric acid, are neutralized and cleaned effectively.
- the material to be treated is a building material containing asbestos, which is infiltrated by spraying the asbestos treatment agent on this building material, and then removing the asbestos treatment agent by spraying phosphoric acid cleaning water on this building material. Is preferred.
- asbestos contained in building materials is rendered harmless by spraying the asbestos treatment agent on the building materials.
- the asbestos treating agent remaining in the building material is washed away, and in particular, phosphoric acid is washed. Asbestos is detoxified and more acidic components are removed.
- the material to be treated is a building material containing asbestos, which is infiltrated by immersing the building material in the asbestos treating agent, and then the asbestos treating agent is washed away by immersing the building material in phosphoric acid washing water. .
- asbestos contained in building materials is rendered harmless by immersing the building materials in the asbestos treatment agent. Because this asbestos treatment agent contains phosphoric acid, hydrogen peroxide and alcohol, the asbestos of the building material is evenly harmless and its action lasts for a long time, so even large building materials are detoxified by soaking for a long time. Is done. By immersing in phosphoric acid washing water, the asbestos treatment agent remaining on the building material oozes out and is washed away, and in particular, phosphoric acid is washed.
- phosphoric acid 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of phosphoric acid, 1 to 20% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 0.5 to 20% by weight of alcohol can affect the human body such as burns.
- the asbestos-detoxifying treatment is performed uniformly without any effect, and the effect of the detoxification treatment for a long time is maintained. Since the balance is pure water, impurities in water, phosphoric acid and the like do not react and the asbestos treatment capacity does not decrease. For this reason, it is possible to effectively treat objects to be treated such as building materials and the safety is high.
- the concentration of phosphoric acid is low, a large amount of chemicals such as alkali for the removal process of acidic components is not required. Furthermore, since the concentration of the chemical agent is low, the cost of the asbestos treatment agent itself is low, and since the safety is high, the operation cost of the detoxification treatment can be kept low.
- the asbestos treating agent according to the first embodiment includes 0.5 to 3.0 wt% phosphoric acid, 1 to 20 wt% hydrogen peroxide, 0.5 to 20 wt% alcohol, and pure water. Containing.
- phosphoric acid is ionized in the form of phosphate ions in water, and widely includes so-called phosphoric acids having a phosphate group.
- phosphoric acids include orthophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, or acidic phosphates of metals that produce similar ions.
- the concentration of phosphoric acid When the concentration of phosphoric acid is less than 0.5% by weight, the reactivity with asbestos is not sufficient. If it exceeds 3.0% by weight, the safety of phosphoric acid to the human body is not sufficient.
- the present inventors have found that when the concentration of phosphoric acid exceeds 3.0% by weight, a phenomenon similar to burn, whitening, and severe pain is exerted on the skin.
- the phosphoric acid concentration is particularly preferably 1.0% by weight or more in order to ensure the certainty of the reactivity in consideration of the error, temperature, concentration change that may occur due to the reaction after preparation. Further, it is particularly preferable to adjust it to 2.5% by weight or less because even if it contacts the skin for several minutes due to scattering or the like, there is almost no influence.
- the concentration of phosphoric acid is used for spraying the asbestos treatment agent to the building materials of the building, etc., in view of ensuring the reactivity of phosphoric acid even in the operation of spraying, 2. Considering the possibility of scattering to the human body by spraying work, it is set to 2.5% by weight or less from the viewpoint of ensuring safety.
- Hydrogen peroxide is a compound represented by H 2 O 2 .
- concentration of hydrogen peroxide is less than 1% by weight, the effect of preventing unevenness in the reaction of phosphoric acid cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- concentration of hydrogen peroxide is high, the effect of preventing unevenness is high, and with this asbestos treatment agent, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is not rapidly lost by the action of alcohol, so the concentration can be increased to about 20% by weight. . If it exceeds 20% by weight, it may be difficult to adjust the concentration of other components.
- hydrogen peroxide is gradually lost from the water, 2% by weight or more is particularly preferable in order to ensure reactivity even if it is lost to some extent.
- hydrogen peroxide may affect the surrounding environment due to corrosiveness, it is particularly preferably 6% by weight or less for the purpose of reducing the influence. In the case where there is little problem of influence on the surroundings in a relatively narrow range of treatment, or when a long time is required for the treatment, hydrogen peroxide containing 6 to 20% by weight can be used.
- the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 3.5 to 4.5% by weight. 3.5% by weight or more is to ensure a certain degree of high reactivity for spraying with respect to the concentration of phosphoric acid, and to gradually lose hydrogen peroxide for a long time until it soaks into building materials Is the lower limit at which the reactivity does not drop.
- the amount of 4.5% by weight or less is a balance between the cost of using a large amount of the treatment agent by spraying.
- Alcohol is a chemical substance with an OH group. Although the kind of alcohol is not ask
- Alcohol concentration should be 0.5-20% by weight. If it is less than 0.5% by weight, the effect of preventing the loss of hydrogen peroxide cannot be obtained. If the alcohol concentration is too high, precipitation of impurities in the water may be caused, or it may be difficult to adjust the concentration of other components.
- ethanol 1.0 to 5.0% by weight is desirable from the viewpoint of reactivity.
- 2.0 to 3. 0% by weight of ethanol is used.
- the pure water used for the asbestos treatment agent accounts for approximately 67 to 98% by weight with the remainder of the other components.
- the purity of water increases as the electrical conductivity (mS / m) decreases (or the resistivity ⁇ ⁇ cm increases), but the pure water used in this embodiment has an electrical conductivity. It is 2.0 mS / m or less, preferably 1.0 mS / m or less, which is generally called pure water in the field of manufacturing industrial products and foods.
- the asbestos treatment agent When the asbestos treatment agent is brought into contact with the treatment object containing asbestos, it penetrates into the treatment object. At this time, the hydrogen peroxide solution or the alcohol makes it easy for the asbestos treatment agent to penetrate into the object to be treated, and facilitates the uniform penetration. It may take 15 minutes to 1 hour for the asbestos treatment agent to penetrate a building material of several centimeters thick, but alcohol prevents the unstable hydrogen peroxide solution from being lost from the solution. Therefore, even if the concentration of phosphoric acid is as thin as necessary for the asbestos detoxification reaction, the action of the treating agent lasts for a long time, so that asbestos can be sufficiently detoxified.
- the asbestos treatment agent When the asbestos treatment agent soaks into the material to be treated and comes into contact with the asbestos contained in the material to be treated, the asbestos fibers are denatured and changed into a crystalline form to be harmless.
- This principle is considered that phosphoric acid reacts with a metal ion part contained in asbestos to form a phosphate with an asbestos component, and asbestos can be denatured and rendered harmless.
- the inventors of the present application combine asbestos with phosphoric acid by combining 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of phosphoric acid, 1 to 20% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, and 0.5 to 20% by weight of alcohol. It has been found that it has both a detoxification treatment action of hydrogen, uniform permeability to the object to be treated by hydrogen peroxide, and maintenance of hydrogen peroxide when penetrating into the object to be treated by alcohol. Although the details of the mechanism of preventing hydrogen peroxide from reacting with phosphoric acid and the ability of alcohol to maintain hydrogen peroxide are not known, the proportions of each component preferably combine the actions of each component. Is obtained experimentally by trial of detoxification treatment. With this concentration, an asbestos treatment agent containing each component at a concentration that is not dangerous to the human body can be obtained.
- the asbestos treating agent of this embodiment maintains the asbestos treating ability for at least 10 days to 1 month even after mixing phosphoric acid, hydrogen peroxide and alcohol by using pure water as water.
- the present inventors have confirmed that when tap water is used as water, the asbestos treatment solution soon becomes cloudy when left as it is, and the treatment capacity of asbestos decreases. Although details of this phenomenon are not clear, it is expected that impurities mainly composed of metal ions such as calcium contained in tap water react with phosphoric acid. When pure water is used, such a reaction that causes white turbidity does not occur, and it can be stored for a long time after adjustment.
- an asbestos treating agent containing 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of phosphoric acid, 1 to 20% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, 0.5 to 20% by weight of alcohol, and pure water is added. Use.
- the pure water to be mixed may be one having a adjusted pH, but one having a pH of less than 7.0 is used. This is because it is desirable that the pure water is not alkaline, since phosphoric acid is neutralized and the function of the asbestos detoxification treatment is weakened.
- a weakly acidic aqueous solution having a pH of less than 6.0 may be used, and an aqueous solution having a pH of less than 4.0 may be used more reliably.
- An object to be processed widely refers to an object containing asbestos, and includes building materials and parts for vehicles, mainly sealing materials.
- building materials are the objects to be treated, such as mortar, plaster and concrete used for building walls and ceilings, gypsum board, decorative board, synthetic slate, for fire resistance and heat insulation.
- coating materials It is a term that refers to building materials that have been peeled and removed, and unused surplus building materials, in addition to those that are in use in buildings.
- the building material of a to-be-processed object is a coating
- Asbestos (asbestos), chrysotile (white asbestos) is widely used, but also amosite (brown asbestos), crocidolite (blue asbestos), anthophyllite (direct asbestos), tremolite (through angle asbestos), Includes actinolite.
- the asbestos treatment agent When spraying the asbestos treatment agent on the building material, specifically, the asbestos treatment agent is dispersed almost uniformly throughout the building material by spraying or coating.
- spraying is performed using a compressor and a nozzle for spraying. It can be easily constructed over a large area by spraying. In addition, it can apply
- the amount to be spread must be soaked throughout the thickness of the building material, for example, there is a means to spread the amount until the building material appears wet, but as a guideline it seems to be equal to or more than the volume of the building material to be processed It is sufficient to spread the amount to be applied. Since the treatment agent of this embodiment is highly safe and easy to remove by washing, a larger amount of the treatment agent, for example, up to 2 to 3 times the building material, may be sprayed.
- the asbestos treatment agent is soaked into the building material that is the object to be treated, and it takes time to contact and react with the asbestos contained in the building material. If the asbestos-containing building material is 2 to 3 cm, it will soak in about 5 to 30 minutes, but if it is 3 to 5 cm, it may take 30 to 90 minutes for the treatment agent to soak.
- the object to be treated that has been rendered harmless by the asbestos treating agent is washed with phosphoric acid washing water.
- the asbestos treatment agent of this embodiment is hardly dangerous even if it remains in a building or the like, the asbestos treatment agent is washed away for the convenience of reusing treated materials and the influence on the surrounding environment. This cleaning is performed because it is more desirable to remove acidic components.
- the phosphoric acid washing water is water or an aqueous solution obtained by adding a pH adjusting component or the like to water.
- the water used for the phosphoric acid washing water is not limited in purity, and may be, for example, pure water used in the preparation of the asbestos treatment agent, but may be tap water or industrial water with low purity and low cost.
- the pH exceeds 7.0. Since the asbestos treating agent of this embodiment does not contain a high concentration acidic component, a high concentration neutralizing agent is not required, and conversely, if a neutralizing agent is used, an alkaline component remains, which is a safety factor. Because it is undesirable. Therefore, it is desirable that the phosphoric acid washing water has a weak alkaline pH of about 8-9.
- asbestos is detoxified in the building material to be treated, and the asbestos treatment agent is further washed. Thereafter, the wall covered with the building material can be safely used as it is or after being overcoated. Further, it is possible to safely perform subsequent processing such as building demolition.
- the object to be treated is a building material containing asbestos
- the asbestos treatment agent is brought into contact with asbestos by immersing the building material in the asbestos treatment agent, and then the building material is immersed in water for phosphoric acid cleaning.
- the asbestos treatment agent is washed away by
- description is abbreviate
- the building materials here are concrete and mortar slate materials.
- This slate material contains asbestos mainly for the purpose of strengthening the structure.
- the thickness is desirably 5 cm or less at maximum.
- the thickness is 3 cm or less at maximum. It can be used with no problem for slate materials of a fixed size (thickness of about 0.8 to 1.0 cm, area of about 90 ⁇ 180 cm).
- the asbestos treating agent according to the second embodiment includes 2.5 to 3.0 wt% phosphoric acid, 4.0 to 6.0 wt% hydrogen peroxide, and 2.0 to 3.0 wt%. Of alcohol and pure water.
- the building material is immersed in the asbestos treatment agent, it is less likely to scatter and pose a danger to the operator. Therefore, high concentrations of phosphoric acid, hydrogen peroxide solution, and alcohol are selected within a range that does not lose safety, and the reactivity is enhanced.
- the concentration of hydrogen peroxide water is increased to 6.0 to 10% by weight, and alcohol to 3.0 to 6.0% by weight. Also good.
- an asbestos treating agent having such a composition is prepared, and then a building material to be treated is immersed in the asbestos treating agent. Since the amount of the asbestos treating agent with respect to the building material is sufficient if it can be immersed, it is equal to or more than the volume of the building material. As a guide, it may be 2 to 5 times the volume of building materials.
- a dipping method for a large-sized building material such as a slate having a fixed size, a method in which a building material is put in a container such as a tank and an asbestos treatment agent is injected can be used.
- the asbestos treatment agent is soaked into the object to be treated by maintaining this immersed state, and is reacted with asbestos contained in the object to be treated. If the thickness of the building material containing asbestos is about 0.8 to 3 cm, it will soak in about 5 to 15 minutes, but if it is 3 to 5 cm, it may take 15 to 60 minutes for the asbestos treatment agent to soak. .
- the building material that is the object to be treated is immersed in water for washing phosphoric acid.
- the amount of water for washing phosphoric acid with respect to the building material is sufficient if it can be immersed, but it is desirable that the amount is larger because it is washed.
- the amount should be about 3 to 10 times the volume of the building material. It is desirable to allow time for the phosphoric acid washing water to soak into the building material and be washed, but if it is about 120 to 180 minutes, sufficient washing is performed. In order to remove the phosphoric acid washing water, further washing with water may be performed.
- the asbestos of the building material is rendered harmless and the acidic components are removed, so that the building material can be safely processed and reused.
- the building material can be dried and pulverized for reuse. Since the asbestos treating agent has been washed away, damage such as rust caused by acid does not occur in the equipment used for grinding.
- Example 1 Commercially available phosphoric acid aqueous solution (75 to 80% by weight) diluted with 2.0% by weight phosphoric acid, commercially available about 30% by weight aqueous solution, ie hydrogen peroxide solution diluted to 4% by weight, Further, an asbestos treating agent was prepared by mixing 1 wt% ethanol and 93 wt% pure water. Cement slate (fixed size: 1 ⁇ 90 ⁇ 180 cm) was immersed in this asbestos treating agent for 20 minutes as a building material for an asbestos-containing workpiece. Then, this slate was immersed in water for 30 minutes and dried to obtain Example 1.
- Example 1 As a result of XRD, quartz was detected from the sample, and no peaks of chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, anthophyllite, tremolite, and actinolite known as asbestos were detected. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, brown millelite that may contain chrysotile was detected, and the possibility that chrysotile was contained was recognized.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to morphological observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the measuring apparatus was gold sputtering using JSM-5610LV manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
- FIG. 1 Example 1
- FIG. 2A Comparative Example 1
- Many particulate substances were observed in the sample of Example 1, but no acicular crystal-shaped substance peculiar to asbestos was observed.
- Example 1 did not contain asbestos.
- Comparative Example 1 may contain chrysotile, which is a type of asbestos.
- Treatment samples were prepared by mixing various concentrations of phosphoric acid, 4 wt% hydrogen peroxide, and 1 wt% ethanol into pure water. Table 1 shows the reactivity of each sample to asbestos and the effect on the skin.
- the phosphoric acid concentration (% by weight) when the phosphoric acid concentration (% by weight) is less than 0.5, the reactivity to asbestos is low and impractical, and when it exceeds 3.0, the effect on the skin is too great and not suitable. . From the standpoint of compatibility with asbestos and the effect on the skin, the phosphoric acid concentration (% by weight) can be suitably used in the range of 1.0 to 2.5, and optimally around 2.0 to 2.5. is there.
- FIG. 3A is before soaking (tuna red meat 1, pork 2)
- FIG. 3B is soaked in 2%
- FIG. 3C is soaked in 30%.
- FIG. 3D shows changes when immersed in 50% (tuna lean 7, pork 8).
- the treatment agent containing 2% phosphoric acid seems to have almost no effect even if it contacts the skin etc. during work. On the other hand, it is considered that a treatment agent containing 30% or 50% phosphoric acid has a great influence on human skin and the like.
- Test Example 4 Under the same conditions as in Test Example 1, an asbestos treatment agent was prepared using tap water (electric conductivity 10 mS / m) instead of pure water, and a slate sample treated in the same manner as Test Example 1 with this asbestos treatment agent It was set as Comparative Example 2.
- the comparative example 2 was subjected to qualitative analysis (JIS A 1481: 2008) by X-ray analysis (XRD).
- Comparative Example 2 morphological observation was performed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). An SEM photograph at a magnification of 10,000 times is shown in FIG. 4A. As shown in FIG. 4, in the sample of Comparative Example 2, a substance having a needle-like crystal shape peculiar to asbestos, indicated by reference numeral 10, was recognized.
- Comparative Example 2 may contain chrysotile, which is a type of asbestos. For this reason, it was shown that when the asbestos treating agent was adjusted using tap water instead of pure water, sufficient asbestos treating ability could not be obtained.
- Test Example 6 The generation of gas causing hydrogen fluoride and bad odor due to the reaction between the asbestos treating agent and slate was investigated.
- the asbestos treating agent was adjusted and the slate was immersed in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the phosphoric acid concentrations were 2, 3, 5, and 10% by weight, respectively.
- the gas around the treated asbestos treatment agent was measured using a detector tube type measuring instrument (Gastech Co., Ltd., detector tube for short time, hydrogen fluoride No. 17L, detection range 0.09 to 72 ppm). As a result, the generation of hydrogen fluoride could not be detected at any phosphoric acid concentration.
- the asbestos treating agent of the present invention does not generate hydrogen fluoride in the treatment regardless of the concentration of phosphoric acid. Further, it was shown that when the concentration of phosphoric acid is 3% by weight or less, no bad odor is generated and no trouble is caused to the work.
- the present invention can be used for the treatment and reuse of asbestos and is widely useful mainly in the construction industry, and also widely useful in industry such as the treatment and reuse of parts using asbestos.
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Abstract
Description
[第一の実施形態]
第一の実施形態に係るアスベスト処理剤は、0.5~3.0重量%のリン酸と、1~20重量%の過酸化水素と、0.5~20重量%のアルコールと、純水とを含有する。
第二の実施形態では、被処理物はアスベストを含有する建材であり、アスベスト処理剤に建材を浸漬することによってこのアスベスト処理剤をアスベストに接触させ、その後リン酸洗浄用水に建材を浸漬することによってこのアスベスト処理剤を洗浄除去する。なお、第一の実施形態の場合と同様の構成については説明を省略する。
市販のリン酸水溶液(75~80重量%)を希釈した2.0重量%のリン酸、市販の約30重量%の水溶液すなわち過酸化水素水を希釈して4重量%とした過酸化水素、および1重量%のエタノール、93重量%の純水を混合してアスベスト処理剤を調製した。アスベストを含有する被処理物の建材としてセメントのスレート(定寸の1×90×180cm)をこのアスベスト処理剤に20分間浸漬した。その後、このスレートを30分間水に浸漬し、乾燥させ、実施例1とした。
種々の濃度のリン酸、4重量%の過酸化水素、および1重量%のエタノールを純水に混合した処理剤サンプルを調製した。これら各サンプルのアスベストへの反応性と、皮膚に対する影響を表1に示した。
◎:浸漬とほぼ同時に急速にスレートの色や表面の質が変わるのが目視できる。電子顕微鏡ではアスベスト結晶が無くなっていることが確認できる。
○:浸漬後数分までにスレートの色や表面の質が変わるのが目視できる。電子顕微鏡ではアスベスト結晶が無くなっていることが確認できる。
△:スレートの色や表面の質の変化が少ない。電子顕微鏡ではスレートの内部にアスベスト結晶が残留している。
(表1における皮膚に対する影響)
○:影響なし。
△:手に付着すると痛みがある、水で洗浄すると治る。
×:火傷をしたようになり皮膚が白化、激痛を生じる。
アスベスト処理剤中のリン酸濃度による人体への影響を調べるため、皮膚などの人体組織にかえて、同じ生物組織(タンパク質)であるマグロ赤身および豚肉の種々のリン酸濃度とした処理剤に浸漬し、組織の変質について調べた。重量%濃度で4重量%の過酸化水素、1重量%のエタノールに、それぞれ2、30、50重量%のリン酸を加え、残りを工業用水とした水溶液の処理剤を調製した。これらの処理剤にマグロ赤身・豚肉を3分間浸漬した結果を、表2と図3A−図3Dに示した。表2および図3A−図3Dの符号のうち、図3Aは浸漬前(マグロ赤身1、豚肉2)、図3Bは2%に浸漬(マグロ赤身3、豚肉4)、図3Cは30%に浸漬(マグロ赤身5、豚肉6)、図3Dは50%に浸漬(マグロ赤身7、豚肉8)したときの変化を示す。
○:変化なし。
×:表面全体に白化が起こり、タンパク質の変性が起こっているのが目視できる。
試験例1と同じ条件で、純水にかえて水道水(電気伝導率10mS/m)を用いてアスベスト処理剤を調整し、このアスベスト処理剤にて試験例1と同様に処理したスレート試料を比較例2とした。この比較例2についてX線解析(XRD)による定性分析(JIS A 1481:2008)を行った。
試験例1および試験例4と同じ条件で、純水およびそれにかえて水道水を用いたアスベスト処理剤を調整し、およそ20日間安置して、外観を観察した。その結果を図5Aおよび図5Bに示す。
アスベスト処理剤とスレートの反応によるフッ化水素および悪臭等を生じるガスの発生について調査した。リン酸の濃度をそれぞれ2,3,5,10重量%とした他は試験例1と同様にアスベスト処理剤を調整し、スレートを浸漬した。
Claims (9)
- 0.5~3.0重量%のリン酸と、1~20重量%の過酸化水素と、0.5~20重量%のアルコールと、純水とを含有することを特徴とするアスベスト処理剤。
- 前記純水は電気伝導率が2.0mS/m以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアスベスト処理剤。
- 前記リン酸は1.0~2.5重量%、前記過酸化水素は2.0~6.0重量%、前記アルコールはエタノールで1.0~5.0重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のアスベスト処理剤。
- 0.5~3.0重量%のリン酸と、1~20重量%の過酸化水素と、0.5~20重量%のアルコールと、純水とを含有するアスベスト処理剤を、アスベストを含有する被処理物に浸透させ、
然る後に前記被処理物の前記アスベスト処理剤を洗浄用水によって洗浄除去することを特徴とするアスベスト処理方法。 - 前記純水は電気伝導率が2.0mS/m以下であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のアスベスト処理方法。
- 前記リン酸は1.0~2.5重量%、前記過酸化水素は2.0~6.0重量%、前記アルコールはエタノールで1.0~5.0重量%であることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載のアスベスト処理方法。
- 前記洗浄用水はpHが7.0を超えるものを用いることを特徴とする請求項4から6のいずれか1項に記載のアスベスト処理方法。
- 前記被処理物がアスベストを含有する建材で、
前記アスベスト処理剤を前記建材に散布することによって該建材に浸透させ、
然る後に前記リン酸洗浄用水を前記建材に対して散布することによって前記アスベスト処理剤を洗浄除去することを特徴とする請求項4から7のいずれか1項に記載のアスベスト処理方法。 - 前記被処理物がアスベストを含有する建材で、
前記アスベスト処理剤に前記建材を浸漬することによって該建材に浸透させ、
然る後に前記リン酸洗浄用水に前記建材を浸漬することによって前記アスベスト処理剤を洗浄除去することを特徴とする請求項4から7のいずれか1項に記載のアスベスト処理方法。
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CA2780303A CA2780303A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Treatment agent for asbestos and treatment method of asbestos |
US13/509,789 US8704032B2 (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Asbestos-treating agent and method for treating asbestos |
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JP2007296416A (ja) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-11-15 | Kourousha:Kk | アスベストの無害化処理方法 |
JP2008253854A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-23 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | アスベスト含有廃材の処理方法 |
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CN1038270A (zh) * | 1989-02-21 | 1989-12-27 | 湖南省冶金规划设计院 | 起爆药ddnp生产新工艺及其污水处理 |
JPH0375283A (ja) * | 1989-05-20 | 1991-03-29 | Nippon Steel Chem Co Ltd | 石綿処理剤 |
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JP3308045B2 (ja) | 1993-06-21 | 2002-07-29 | 日本原子力研究所 | 使用済核燃料再処理共除染工程におけるテクネチウムの除染法 |
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JP2007126497A (ja) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-24 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | アスベスト飛散防止剤 |
JP2007295943A (ja) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-11-15 | Koichi Takano | アスベストを溶解して無害化処理方法 |
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- 2010-11-19 WO PCT/JP2010/071187 patent/WO2011062295A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-11-19 CA CA2780303A patent/CA2780303A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-11-19 AU AU2010322720A patent/AU2010322720B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2007296416A (ja) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-11-15 | Kourousha:Kk | アスベストの無害化処理方法 |
JP2008253854A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-23 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | アスベスト含有廃材の処理方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2780303A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
CN102639195A (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
US20120289756A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
AU2010322720B2 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
AU2010322720A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
JP5010021B2 (ja) | 2012-08-29 |
US8704032B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
JP2011125685A (ja) | 2011-06-30 |
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