WO2011059067A1 - 電圧設定装置、太陽光発電システム、および電圧設定装置の制御方法 - Google Patents
電圧設定装置、太陽光発電システム、および電圧設定装置の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011059067A1 WO2011059067A1 PCT/JP2010/070221 JP2010070221W WO2011059067A1 WO 2011059067 A1 WO2011059067 A1 WO 2011059067A1 JP 2010070221 W JP2010070221 W JP 2010070221W WO 2011059067 A1 WO2011059067 A1 WO 2011059067A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
- H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a voltage setting device that performs DCDC conversion (DC voltage conversion), a photovoltaic power generation system, and a control method for the voltage setting device.
- the solar cell SEL1000 that generates current by photoelectric effect when irradiated with sunlight is the minimum unit of the configuration of the solar cell.
- the solar cell module MOD1011 is a unit constituted by a plurality of solar cells SEL1000.
- Solar cell string STR1001 is composed of a plurality of solar cell modules MOD1011 connected in series.
- the solar cell array ARR1010 is composed of a plurality of solar cell strings STR1001 connected in parallel.
- the photovoltaic power generation system 1001 includes a solar cell array ARR1010, a power conditioner 1020, and a load 1030.
- the power conditioner 1020 converts the DC power output from the solar cell array ARR1010 into AC power by the built-in inverter 1021 and supplies the AC power to the load 1030.
- the photovoltaic power generation system 1001 is configured to operate in conjunction with a commercial power system 1040 provided by an electric power company, or independently without being linked to the electric power system 1040 of the electric power company.
- the system is operated as a system.
- Patent Document 1 a technique for operating a solar cell at a maximum power point in units of strings has been proposed.
- a communication device for communicating with the management unit is attached to each PV module (panel), and the operation state of the PV module is transmitted from the attached communication device to the management unit. It has been proposed to transmit a control signal for operation to a communication device (Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 4 the operating voltage of the inverter is manipulated, and various parameters when the output power of the solar cell reaches the maximum power point are registered in the database. In normal operation, they are registered in the database. It is disclosed that the operating voltage is adjusted on the basis of the parameter being set.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a voltage that can suppress a loss (so-called DCDC conversion loss) when power is output from a voltage change circuit capable of changing the voltage. It is to implement a control method for a setting device, a control management device, a photovoltaic power generation system, and a voltage setting device.
- the voltage setting device can set the voltage with respect to the current output from the solar cell, and can change the voltage in the voltage setting device that outputs the voltage to the outside.
- a voltage determining means for determining a voltage; a detour circuit for outputting the current output from the solar cell by bypassing the voltage change circuit; and the voltage changing the current output from the solar cell.
- Detour determining means for determining whether to output to the outside via a circuit or to the outside via the detour circuit, and power measuring means for measuring the power output from the solar cell
- a short-circuit switching circuit for switching between a short-circuited state and a non-short-circuited state between a positive electrode output terminal and a negative electrode output terminal that output a voltage to the unit, and the power measured by the power measuring means is a predetermined value or less
- short circuit determining means for switching the short circuit switching circuit to the shorted state is provided.
- a method for controlling a voltage setting device is a method for controlling a voltage setting device that sets a voltage for a current output from a solar cell and outputs the voltage to the outside.
- An output power detection step for detecting power output from the voltage change circuit capable of changing the voltage, and the voltage change circuit is set so that the output power detected by the output power detection step is maximized.
- the short circuit switching circuit that switches between a shorted state and a non-shorted state between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal that output a voltage with respect to the power
- the power measured in the power measurement step is less than a predetermined value
- the solar cell includes any of a cell that is a photovoltaic power generation element, a cluster or module in which a plurality of cells are connected in series, a string in which modules are connected in series, and an array in which strings are connected in parallel.
- the voltage set by the voltage change circuit is determined so that the detected output power is maximized.
- a bypass circuit for bypassing the voltage change circuit and outputting to the outside, and the current output from the solar cell is output to the outside via the voltage change circuit, Whether to output to the outside through the bypass circuit can be determined.
- the current is passed through the bypass circuit in order to prevent power loss in the voltage changing circuit. It is more preferable to output to the outside.
- the power output from the solar cell is measured. Based on the measured power, the current is output to the outside through the voltage changing circuit or output to the outside through the detour circuit. You can decide what to do.
- the power output from the solar cell is measured, and the state of the short circuit switching circuit is switched based on the measured power. Therefore, when the output of the solar cell is reduced, the solar cell Can be bypassed on the circuit, and the current input from one connected voltage setting device can be output to the other voltage setting device. As a result, solar cells that may affect the output power of other solar cells as a whole can be removed on the circuit.
- the current that flows in a short-circuited state is only in one direction, and has a backflow prevention function, so that a backflow prevention element usually installed in the junction box becomes unnecessary.
- a voltage setting device is connected to one solar cell of a solar cell array including a plurality of solar cells, and has a voltage with respect to a current output from the solar cell.
- the voltage changing circuit configured to change the voltage, the output power detecting means for detecting the power output from the voltage changing circuit, and the output power detected by the output power detecting means are maximized.
- Voltage determining means for determining a voltage set by the voltage changing circuit, receiving means for receiving the array output power data from the control management device, and the solar power
- the output power detecting means detects the current output from the bypass circuit for bypassing the voltage changing circuit and outputting the current to the outside, and the output power indicated by the array output power data received by the receiving means.
- the ratio of the electric power of the solar cell is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the current output from the solar cell is determined to be output to the outside through the voltage changing circuit.
- Detour determination means for determining to output to the outside via the detour circuit.
- the control method of the voltage setting apparatus which concerns on this invention was connected to one solar cell among the solar cell arrays containing a several solar cell, and was output from this solar cell
- a control method of a voltage setting device that sets a voltage with respect to current and outputs the voltage to the outside
- an output power detection step for detecting power output from a voltage change circuit capable of changing the voltage
- the output power A voltage determination step for determining a voltage set by the voltage change circuit so that the output power detected by the detection step is maximized, and a total of the power output by the plurality of solar cells included in the solar cell array
- the ratio of the power of the solar cell detected by the output power detection step to the output power indicated by the array output power data received by the step is equal to or less than a predetermined value
- the current output from the solar cell is While determining to output to the outside through the voltage change circuit, if not below a predetermined
- the solar cell includes any of a cell that is a photovoltaic power generation element, a cluster or module in which a plurality of cells are connected in series, a string in which modules are connected in series, and an array in which strings are connected in parallel.
- the voltage set by the voltage change circuit is determined so that the detected output power is maximized.
- a bypass circuit for bypassing the voltage change circuit and outputting to the outside, and the current output from the solar cell is output to the outside via the voltage change circuit, Whether to output to the outside through the bypass circuit can be determined.
- the solar cell which array output power data is received from the control management apparatus which produces
- the current output from the solar cell is On the other hand, when it is determined to output to the outside via the voltage changing circuit, when it is not less than a predetermined value, it is determined to output to the outside via the bypass circuit.
- the solar cell can output only small power compared to the output power of other solar cells in the solar cell array to which the solar cell belongs. Will not be. In this case, it can be determined to output to the outside via the voltage change circuit.
- the voltage setting device includes a voltage changing circuit capable of changing a voltage, output power detecting means for detecting power output from the voltage changing circuit, and output power detected by the output power detecting means being maximum.
- Voltage determining means for determining a voltage set by the voltage changing circuit, a bypass circuit for outputting the current output from the solar cell to the outside bypassing the voltage changing circuit, and The detour determination means for determining whether the current output from the solar cell is output to the outside via the voltage change circuit or to the outside via the detour circuit, and the power output from the solar cell
- a power short-circuit switching circuit that switches between a short-circuited state and a non-short-circuited state between a power measuring means for measuring and a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal that output a voltage to the outside; If the power measured is the power measuring means is below a predetermined value, the short switching circuit is configured to include a short-circuit determination means for switching the state of the short circuit.
- the voltage setting device control method includes an output power detection step for detecting power output from a voltage change circuit capable of changing a voltage, and a maximum output power detected by the output power detection step.
- a voltage determining step for determining a voltage set by the voltage changing circuit, and outputting the current output from the solar cell to the outside via the voltage changing circuit, or bypassing the voltage changing circuit.
- a detour determination step for determining whether to output to the outside via a detour circuit for outputting the current output from the solar cell to the outside, a power measurement step for measuring the power output from the solar cell, A short-circuit switching circuit that switches between a short-circuited state and a non-short-circuited state between a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal that output a voltage to the outside, If the power measured in a force measuring step is less than a predetermined value, a control method and a short determination step of switching the state of being short-circuited.
- the voltage setting device is configured to be communicably connected to a control management device that generates array output power data indicating the total power output from a plurality of solar cells included in the solar cell array, and the voltage can be changed.
- a voltage changing circuit ; output power detecting means for detecting power output from the voltage changing circuit; and a voltage set by the voltage changing circuit so that the output power detected by the output power detecting means is maximized.
- Voltage determining means for determining the output, receiving means for receiving the array output power data from the control management device, and for outputting the current output from the solar cell to the outside bypassing the voltage changing circuit
- the solar power detected by the output power detection means with respect to the output power indicated by the array output power data received by the bypass circuit and the reception means.
- the power ratio is less than or equal to a predetermined value
- the current output from the solar cell is determined to be output to the outside via the voltage change circuit.
- a detour determination unit that determines to output to the outside via the.
- the voltage setting device control method includes an output power detection step for detecting power output from a voltage change circuit capable of changing a voltage, and a maximum output power detected by the output power detection step.
- a voltage determining step for determining a voltage set by the voltage changing circuit, and a control management device for generating array output power data indicating the total power output from a plurality of solar cells included in the solar cell array.
- the ratio is equal to or lower than a predetermined value
- the current output from the solar cell is converted to the voltage changing circuit.
- a bypass determination step for determining whether to output to the outside via a bypass circuit for bypassing the voltage changing circuit and outputting to the outside when the voltage change circuit is not equal to or less than a predetermined value, , Including a control method.
- Embodiment 1 One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
- the photovoltaic power generation system 1 includes a solar cell array (hereinafter simply referred to as an array) ARR11, a power conditioner 20, and a load 30.
- the array ARR11 is a unit formed by connecting a plurality of solar cell strings (hereinafter simply referred to as strings) STR11 to STR14 in a connection box 45 in parallel.
- strings solar cell strings
- FIG. 2 in the photovoltaic power generation system 1, only one array ARR ⁇ b> 11 is shown for convenience of explanation, but of course, a configuration including a plurality of arrays may be used.
- Each of the strings STR11 to STR14 is a block configured by connecting a plurality of solar cell modules (hereinafter simply referred to as modules) in series.
- the string STR11 includes modules MOD11 to MOD13.
- the strings STR12 to STR14 have the same configuration as that of the above-described string STR11, and thus the description thereof is omitted in FIG. Further, the configuration of the figure is merely one configuration example of the photovoltaic power generation system 1 until the tiredness, and the number of strings included in the array ARR11 is not limited to four of the strings STR11 to STR14.
- Modules MOD11 to MOD13 are obtained by arranging a plurality of solar cells (hereinafter simply referred to as cells).
- Output converters (voltage setting devices) T11 to T13 perform DCDC conversion (DC voltage conversion) on the power input from the primary side S1, and output it to the secondary side S2.
- the output converters T11 to T13 are connected to the modules MOD11 to MOD13, respectively.
- the connection relationship between the output converters T11 to T13 and the modules MOD11 to MOD13 will be described as follows by taking the output converter T11 as an example. That is, the primary positive electrode S1 + of the output converter T11 is connected to the positive electrode of the module MOD11, and the primary negative electrode S1- is connected to the negative electrode of the module MOD11.
- the power output from the positive electrode of the module MOD11 is input to the primary side S1 of the output converter T11, DCDC converted in the output converter T11, and output to the secondary side S2 of the output converter T11.
- module connection relationships of the output converter T12 and the output converter T13 are the same as the module connection relationship of the output converter T11 described above, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- connection relationship between the output converters T11 to T13 is as follows.
- the secondary negative electrode (negative output terminal) S2- of the output converter T11 is connected to the connection box 45, and the secondary positive electrode (positive output terminal) S2 + is connected to the secondary negative electrode of the output converter T12. Connected to S2-.
- the secondary positive electrode S2 + of the output converter T12 is connected to the secondary negative electrode S2- of the output converter T13, and the secondary positive electrode S2 + of the output converter T13 is connected to the connection box 45. Yes.
- the power conditioner 20 is for adjusting the power output from the array ARR11 so that it can be supplied to the load 30.
- the solar power generation system 1 may include a commercial power system 40 and be configured to be linked to the commercial power system 40, or may be configured to operate independently without being linked to the commercial power system. Also good.
- the load 30 is a target to which power is supplied, and is typically an electrical device that is to be operated by supplying power.
- the module (solar cell) MOD11 includes three clusters CLS11 to CLS13.
- the cluster CLS11 is a unit having six cells SEL111 to SEL116 and a bypass diode 43A as one unit.
- the cells SEL111 to SEL116 are connected in series.
- a bypass diode 43A is provided in parallel with the cells SEL111 to SEL116.
- the bypass diode 43A bypasses the current flowing through the cluster CLS11 when any one of the six cells SEL111 to SEL116 included in the cluster CLS11 decreases for some reason, and normally generates power in other clusters. It is for making it possible.
- cluster CLS12 and the cluster CLS13 have the same configuration as the cluster CLS11, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- the clusters CLS11 to CLS13 are connected in series in the terminal box 41.
- the output converter T11 is for DCDC conversion of the output of the module MOD11.
- the output converter T11 includes a DCDC short circuit switch (bypass circuit) 51, a module short circuit switch (short circuit switching circuit) 52, a DCDC converter (voltage change circuit) 53, a maximum operating point control unit (voltage determination means, bypass determination means, short circuit).
- a determination unit) 54 a primary side voltage / current monitoring unit (power measurement unit) 55, and a secondary side voltage / current monitoring unit (output power detection unit) 56.
- the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 bypasses the DCDC conversion unit 53 and transfers the power input from the module MOD11 to the primary side S1 when the output of the module MOD11 is sufficient without performing DCDC conversion. It is for outputting to S2.
- the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 is connected to the primary-side positive electrode S1 + and the secondary-side positive electrode S2 +, and opens between the primary-side positive electrode S1 + and the secondary-side positive electrode S2 + in the off state.
- the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 forms a circuit that short-circuits between the primary-side positive electrode S1 + and the secondary-side positive electrode S2 + while bypassing the DCDC converter 53 in the on state.
- the on / off control of the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 is performed by the maximum operating point control unit 54, and details thereof will be described later.
- the module short circuit switch 52 is a switch for disconnecting the module MOD11 from the circuit when the input power from the module MOD11 is equal to or lower than a predetermined value.
- the predetermined value is determined based on, for example, a power value that cannot be DCDC converted because the input power is too small, or a sufficient output is obtained even if the DCDC conversion is performed because the input power is too small. It can be determined based on a power value that cannot be obtained.
- the module short-circuit switch 52 is connected to the secondary-side negative electrode S2- and the secondary-side positive electrode S2 +, and in the off state, releases between the secondary-side negative electrode S2- and the secondary-side positive electrode S2 +. Further, in the ON state, the module short-circuit switch 52 short-circuits between the secondary negative electrode S2- and the secondary positive electrode S2 +, and disconnects the module MOD11 from the circuit in the string.
- the on / off control of the module short-circuit switch 52 is performed by the maximum operating point control unit 54, details of which will be described later.
- the DCDC converter 53 is for DCDC conversion of the voltage of the electric power input from the module MOD11 to the primary side S1 under the control of the maximum operating point control unit 54, and outputs it to the secondary side S2.
- the primary side voltage / current monitoring unit 55 measures the output voltage / output current of the module MOD11 and maximizes the input voltage on the S1 side derived from the measured output voltage / output current of the module MOD11 or the output voltage / output current.
- the operating point control unit 54 is notified.
- the secondary side voltage / current monitoring unit 56 measures the output voltage / output current of the secondary side S2 of the output converter T11, and the measured output voltage / output current of the secondary side S2 of the output converter T11 or the output thereof.
- the output power of the secondary side S2 derived from the voltage / output current is notified to the maximum operating point control unit 54.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 outputs the output of the secondary side S2 of the output converter T11 based on the output voltage / output current measured by the primary side voltage / current monitoring unit 55 and the secondary side voltage / current monitoring unit 56, respectively. Is controlled to be maximized. That is, the maximum operating point control unit 54 adjusts the output voltage / output current of the module MOD11 so that the output of the secondary side S2 is maximized.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 controls the DCDC conversion unit 53 so as to perform DCDC conversion with a Duty value that maximizes the output of the secondary side S2 of the output converter T11.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 first operates the module MOD11 by MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control so that the output of the primary side S1 becomes maximum, and then the output of the secondary side S2 becomes maximum. You may control so.
- MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 includes a DCDC short circuit switch 51 and a module short circuit switch 52 based on the output voltage / output current measured by the primary side voltage / current monitoring unit 55 and the secondary side voltage / current monitoring unit 56, respectively. Control the opening and closing of.
- modules MOD12 and MOD13 and the output converters T12 and 13 are the same as the configurations of the module MOD11 and the output converter T11 described above, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- part or all of one or more of the cells SEL111 to SEL116 are covered with the shade, so that the output power of the cell decreases. Furthermore, this may cause the output of the module MOD11 to decrease more than the output power of the cell.
- DCDC conversion involves power loss.
- the width of loss varies depending on the state of input / output control in DCDC conversion. Therefore, in the conventional maximum operating point tracking control (hereinafter referred to as MPPT control), even if the maximum output is obtained for each module, the output after DCDC conversion may be larger when the operation is not performed at the maximum operating point. is there.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 outputs the output of the secondary side S2 as follows when the power output by the module MOD11, that is, when the input power of the primary side S1 is a predetermined power or more. Control to maximize the power.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 varies the duty value within a range in which DCDC conversion is possible, so that the DCDC conversion unit 53 performs DCDC conversion at a duty value at which the output power of the secondary side S2 becomes maximum. Control. That is, the maximum operating point control unit 54 sets a voltage that maximizes the output power of the secondary side S2, and controls the DCDC conversion unit 53 to perform DCDC conversion with the set voltage.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 operates the module MOD11 by MPPT control so that the input power of the primary side S1 becomes maximum, and the output power of the secondary side S2 becomes maximum with reference to this operating point.
- the Duty value may be searched.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 operates the DCDC converter 53 with a temporary voltage, sets a voltage that maximizes the output power of the secondary side S2, and performs DCDC conversion with the set voltage.
- the unit 53 may be controlled to perform DCDC conversion.
- the output on the secondary side of the output converter can be obtained by the following equation (1).
- [Secondary output of output converter] [Output of module (primary side input of output converter)]-[Power loss in output converter] (1)
- the power loss in the output converter is a power loss at the time of DCDC conversion in the DCDC converter 53.
- the power loss in the output converter T11 must be reduced while increasing the output of the module MOD11.
- FIG. 3 shows a case where the outputs of the module MOD11 are “10”, “9”, and “8”.
- Each value in FIG. 3 is a value in which the maximum output power of the module MOD11 is “10”.
- the table shown in FIG. 3 is merely an example, and the value of the loss of the output converter T11 varies depending on the DCDC conversion input / output state, and is not necessarily as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the output of the module MOD11 is “10”, and is “9” and “8” in order.
- the power loss caused by the DCDC conversion is “4” when the output of the module MOD11 is “10”, and “2” when the output of the module MOD11 is “9” and “8”, respectively. And “3”.
- the module MOD11 itself operates at the maximum operating point and the output “10” is obtained, but the output after DCDC conversion in the output converter T11 is not maximum.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 controls the module MOD11 to obtain the output “9” by changing the duty value with reference to the operating point at which the output “10” is obtained. Thereby, the maximum output “7” after DCDC conversion can be obtained.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 is sufficient so that the output of the module MOD11 does not need to perform DCDC conversion based on the measured values such as the primary side voltage / current and the secondary side voltage / current. If it is determined that the output of the module MOD11 is sufficient to avoid the DCDC conversion, the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 is turned on so that the DCDC conversion can be bypassed. To.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 turns off the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 so as to perform DCDC conversion.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 can determine from various viewpoints whether or not the output of the module MOD11 is sufficient to avoid performing DCDC conversion.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 is sufficient to prevent the output of the module MOD11 from performing DCDC conversion. You may determine that there is.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 receives the measurement value of the solar radiation meter, and based on the received measurement value, the module MOD11. If all of the cells SEL111 to 116 are not shaded and it is determined whether or not sufficient sunlight irradiation is obtained, it is possible to perform DCDC conversion. It may be determined that it is not necessary to perform.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 may further determine whether or not the performance deterioration of the cells SEL111 to 116 such as a failure has occurred.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 determines that the cells SEL111 to 116 are sufficiently DCDC conversion is performed assuming that no power is output. On the other hand, when all of the cells SEL111 to 116 of the module MOD11 are not shaded, the maximum operating point control unit 54 performs DCDC conversion when determining that the performance of the cells SEL111 to 116 has not deteriorated. Judge that it is not necessary.
- the power generation efficiency can be improved by not performing the DCDC conversion.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 determines whether or not the output of the module MOD11 is so small that DCDC conversion cannot be performed. When it is determined that the output of the module MOD11 is so small that DCDC conversion cannot be performed, the maximum operating point control unit 54 turns on the module short-circuit switch 52 to turn the module MOD11 into the circuit of the string STR11. Disconnect from above.
- the module short-circuit switch 52 short-circuits between the secondary-side negative electrode S2 ⁇ and the secondary-side positive electrode S2 + and bypasses the module MOD11 to thereby connect other output converters T12 ⁇ 13 is prevented from affecting the output.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 calculates the output supplied from the module MOD11 from the primary side output voltage / output current notified from the primary side voltage / current monitoring unit 55, and calculates It is determined whether or not the obtained power is a predetermined power or more (S11).
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 turns on the module short-circuit switch 52 and turns on the secondary-side negative electrode S2 ⁇ 2
- the secondary positive electrode S2 + is short-circuited (S13). Then, after a predetermined period, the process is restarted from S11.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 turns off the module short-circuit switch 52 (S12).
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 causes the primary side voltage / current monitoring unit 55 and the secondary side voltage / current monitoring unit 56 to measure the primary side voltage / current and the secondary side voltage / current, respectively. Then, the output power on the primary side and the output power on the secondary side are monitored. Then, the maximum operating point control unit 54 changes the duty value of the DCDC converting unit 53 to operate the module MOD11 by MPPT control (S14).
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 determines whether the output power on the primary side is equal to or higher than a predetermined ratio of the nominal maximum output of the module MOD11 (S15).
- maximum operating point control unit 54 turns on DCDC short-circuit switch 51 to turn on primary-side positive electrode S1 + and secondary-side positive electrode S2 +. Are short-circuited (S16).
- the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 is left in the OFF state and causes the DCDC converter 53 to perform DCDC conversion.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 controls the duty value of the DCDC conversion unit 53 so as to maximize the output on the secondary side, thereby causing the DCDC conversion unit 53 to perform DCDC conversion (S17).
- the reason for returning from the process of S16 to the process of S15 without returning to the process of S11 is that the output of the module MOD11 is determined to be equal to or greater than a predetermined ratio of the nominal maximum output in the process of S15 immediately before. This is because there is no need to determine whether the module short-circuit switch is on or off if there is no significant output drop.
- whether the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 is on / off is determined based on whether the output of the module MOD11 is equal to or higher than a predetermined ratio of the nominal maximum output.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the duty value for operating the module MOD11 is determined. You may judge by.
- control may be performed such that the DCDC short-circuit switch is turned on when the Duty value becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
- the DCDC short-circuit switch may be controlled to be turned off.
- the output on the secondary side may be calculated by measuring the voltage and current on the secondary side and taking the product of the voltage and current, or the output on the primary side and the DCDC converter 53. May be calculated based on the duty value when DCDC conversion is performed.
- the primary side output power was calculated from the primary side output voltage and output current, it is not limited to this.
- a curve M11 shown in FIG. 5 is an IV characteristic for one module
- a curve M12 is an IV characteristic for two modules connected in series
- a curve M13 is an equivalent of three modules connected in series. Each of the IV characteristics is shown.
- each of the modules MOD11 to MOD13 outputs power at the maximum output operating point by MPPT control, and as a result, the maximum output operating point of the string STR11 is the operating point P1max.
- the rectangular area formed by the origin O and the operating point P1max is the output power W10 of the string STR11.
- FIG. 6 shows a case where the output current of one module is reduced among the modules MOD11 to MOD13 due to reasons such as shade.
- a curve composed of a curve M13A and a curve M12 indicates the IV characteristics of three modules connected in series.
- the operating point control is performed on a curve composed of the curve M13A and the curve M12.
- the output converter T13 performs DCDC conversion even when the current output of the module MOD13 decreases, so that not only a normal module but also a module whose output current is decreased. Electric power can be obtained. That is, it is possible to obtain an output that is not on the curve composed of the curve M13A and the curve M12.
- the maximum operating point control is performed.
- the unit 54 performs control so that it can operate at the operating point P2max. Thereby, output power W20 can be obtained.
- the voltage value at P2max in FIG. 6 is determined in relation to the voltages of other strings connected in parallel.
- the voltage value at P2max may not be the same as the voltage value at P1max in FIG.
- DCDC conversion it is also possible to perform DCDC conversion so that the voltage value at P2max in FIG. 6 and the voltage value at P1max in FIG. 5 are the same.
- the DCDC conversion may be performed so that the voltage value of the other string becomes the voltage value at P1max.
- FIG. 7 shows a case where the output currents of the two modules are reduced among the modules MOD11 to MOD13 due to reasons such as shade.
- a curve composed of curves M11, M12A, and M13A indicates the IV characteristics of three modules connected in series.
- the operating point control is performed on a curve composed of the curves M11, M12A, and M13A.
- each of the output converter T12 and the output converter T13 according to the present invention performs the DCDC conversion even if the current output of the module MOD12 and the module MOD13 is decreased, and thereby curves M11, M12A, and M13A.
- An output P3max can be obtained at an operating point not on the curve consisting of Thereby, output power W30 larger than W3prev can be obtained.
- the output converter T11 sets the voltage with respect to the current output from the module MOD11, and in the output converter T11 that outputs the voltage to the outside, the DCDC that can change the voltage.
- a maximum operating point control unit 54 that determines a voltage to be set in the conversion unit 53.
- the DCDC short circuit switch 51 and the module short circuit switch 52 of the output converter T11 can be realized by a known technique such as a relay, a diode, or a MOS. Further, the mounting position in the output converter can be arbitrarily set.
- the output converter T11 may be incorporated in a junction box on the back side of the module, or may be externally attached from the junction box.
- control cycle of the maximum operating point control unit 54 may be variable. As a result, it is possible to prevent the influence of the voltage / current control executed by the other output converters T12 to T13 connected in series to the output converter T11. That is, by shifting the voltage / current control cycles executed by the output converters T11 to T13 from each other, it is possible to prevent the controls executed by the output converters T11 to T13 from affecting each other.
- output converters T11 to T13 are provided in units of modules.
- output converters T11 to T13 are provided in units of clusters (solar cell clusters).
- the module MOD21 is configured to include output converters T11 to T13 and clusters CLS11 to CLS13 including six cells.
- the cluster CLS11 is a unit composed of six cells SEL111 to SEL116 connected in series.
- the cluster CLS12 is a unit composed of cells SEL121 to SEL126 connected in series
- the cluster CLS13 is a unit composed of cells SEL131 to SEL136 connected in series.
- the primary negative electrode S1- of the output converter T11 is connected to the negative electrode of the cluster CLS11, that is, the cell SEL111.
- the primary side positive electrode S1 + of the output converter T11 is connected to the positive electrode of the cluster CLS11, that is, the cell SEL116.
- cluster connection relationship between the output converter T12 and the output converter T13 is also the same as the cluster connection relationship of the output converter T11 described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- connection relationship between the output converters T11 to T13 is as follows.
- the secondary negative electrode S2- of the output converter T11 is connected to the module input Pow21 of the module MOD21, and the secondary positive electrode S2 + is connected to the secondary negative electrode S2- of the output converter T12. .
- the secondary side positive electrode S2 + of the output converter T12 is connected to the secondary side negative electrode S2- of the output converter T13, and the secondary side positive electrode S2 + of the output converter T13 is connected to the module output Pow22 of the module MOD21. It is connected.
- output converters T11 to T13 may be connected to each other in the connection box 47.
- the output converter T11 to T13 can play the role of the bypass diodes 43A to 43C existing in the configuration of the module MOD11 shown in FIG.
- bypass diodes 43A to 43C are unnecessary in the circuit.
- the output converters T11 to T13 are not limited to the configuration connected in module units, and can be connected in cluster units, for example.
- the output converters T11 to T13 are connected to the clusters CLS11 to CLS13.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the output converters T11 to T13 may be connected to each cell.
- the output converters T11 to T13 can be connected to the solar cell to suppress the DCDC conversion loss, and the maximum output power after the DCDC conversion that cannot be obtained simply by maximizing the output of the solar cell. There is an effect that it can be obtained.
- a solar cell includes a cell that is a photovoltaic power generation element, a cluster or module in which a plurality of cells are connected in series, a string in which modules are connected in series, and an array in which strings are connected in parallel. It is a waste.
- FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to FIG. This embodiment demonstrates the case where various sensors are provided in a solar power generation system, and a control management apparatus controls the output converter in a solar power generation system based on the measurement result of a sensor.
- the photovoltaic power generation system 2 is configured to include modules MOD11, MOD12, MOD13, output converters T21, T22, T23, a power conditioner 60, and a control management device 61.
- FIG. 9 does not clearly indicate whether the modules MOD11, MOD12, MOD13,... Belong to one array or one string, but are designed as belonging to the same or different arrays / strings as appropriate. Needless to say, changes are possible.
- the output converters T21, T22, T23... are connected to the modules MOD11, MOD12, MOD13... As an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. Is possible.
- the difference between the photovoltaic power generation system 2 shown in FIG. 9 and the photovoltaic power generation system 1 shown in FIG. 2 is that the photovoltaic power generation system 2 shown in FIG. 9 further includes a control management device 61.
- the power conditioner 60 includes a power measuring unit 65, and each of the output converters T11 to T13 further includes a control content determining unit (voltage determining unit, detour determining unit, short-circuit determining unit, receiving unit) 70. It is a point that has.
- control management device 61 and the output converters T21, T22, T23... are connected by a communication network.
- One-way communication is realized for the output converters T21, T22, T23.
- control management device 61 and the power conditioner 60 are also connected by a communication network, and at least communication from the power conditioner 60 to the control management device 61 is realized.
- the power measurement unit 65 provided in the power conditioner 60 will be described.
- the power measuring unit 65 measures the power output from the entire array connected to the power conditioner 60 or the entire string, and generates power data (array output power data).
- the control management device 61 includes a control data acquisition unit 62 and a control data transmission unit 63.
- the control data acquisition unit 62 acquires data for the output converters T21, T22, T23... To determine control contents.
- the control data acquisition unit 62 acquires power data from the power measurement unit 65.
- control data acquisition unit 62 is connected to a measurement unit 64 including various measurement sensors, and receives various measurement data from the measurement unit 64.
- the measurement unit 64 typically includes a thermometer 64A and a pyranometer 64B.
- the thermometer 64A is provided to measure the outside air temperature, and is installed in a place where the solar cell array is not exposed to direct sunlight.
- the solar radiation meter 64B is provided to measure the intensity of solar radiation applied to the solar cell, and is installed in the solar cell array at the same inclination angle as the solar cell array.
- the control data acquisition unit 62 acquires power data from the power measurement unit 65, temperature data and solar radiation intensity data from the measurement unit 64, and transfers the acquired data to the control data transmission unit 63.
- the control data transmission unit 63 sends the temperature data, solar radiation intensity data, and power data transferred from the control data acquisition unit 62 as control data to the control content determination unit 70 included in each of the output converters T21, T22, T23. To be sent.
- the configuration of the output converters T21, T22, T23... Will be described using the output converter T21 as an example. Since the configurations of the output converters T22 and T23 are the same as the configuration of the output converter T21 shown below, the description thereof is omitted.
- the control content determination unit 70 included in the output converter T21 receives various types of control data such as temperature data, solar radiation intensity data, and power data from the control data acquisition unit 62, and performs maximum processing based on the received various types of control data. This is for determining the control content of the operating point control unit 54.
- the maximum operating point control unit 54 determines whether or not an instruction to perform DCDC conversion is given from the control content determination unit 70 in the process of S15 of the flowchart shown in FIG. As a result, if DCDC conversion is instructed, the DCDC converter 53 may be controlled to perform DCDC conversion.
- control content determination unit 70 uses the control data to determine the control content.
- the control content determination unit 70 determines the control content of the maximum operating point control unit 54 by using the temperature data as follows.
- the temperature and the output voltage of the module MOD11 assumed under the temperature are associated with each other and stored in a storage unit (not shown).
- control content determination unit 70 reads the output voltage of the module MOD11 corresponding to the temperature indicated by the received temperature data from the storage unit, and compares it with the output voltage actually obtained from the module MOD11.
- control content determination unit 70 determines to perform control for DCDC conversion by the DCDC conversion unit 53, and instructs the maximum operating point control unit 54 to perform control with the determined control content.
- the control content determination unit 70 determines the control content of the maximum operating point control unit 54 by using the sunshine intensity data as follows.
- the reference value of the sunshine intensity that can be determined to obtain a good solar radiation intensity and the output power of the module MOD11 that is assumed when a good solar radiation intensity is obtained are stored. deep.
- control content determination unit 70 compares the received solar radiation intensity data with the stored reference value of the solar radiation intensity, and determines whether or not a good solar radiation intensity is obtained.
- the output power of the module MOD11 assumed when a good solar radiation intensity is obtained is compared with the output power actually obtained from the module MOD11.
- control content determination unit 70 determines to perform control for DCDC conversion by the DCDC conversion unit 53, and instructs the maximum operating point control unit 54 to perform control with the determined control content.
- the control content determination unit 70 determines the control content of the maximum operating point control unit 54 by using the power data as follows.
- the control content determination unit 70 uses the power data to calculate how much of the output power of the entire array is the output power of the output converter T21 itself.
- the output converter T21 can output only a small amount of power compared to the other output converters T22, T23.
- control content determination unit 70 determines to perform control for DCDC conversion by the DCDC conversion unit 53, and instructs the maximum operating point control unit 54 to perform control with the determined control content.
- the present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and can be configured as follows.
- control content in the output converter T21 may be determined in the control management device 61, and the output converter T21 may perform control according to the control content determined by the control management device 61.
- control management device 61 may determine the control content of the output converter T21 based on various control data acquired by the control data acquisition unit 62.
- control data transmitted from the control data transmission unit 63 may be a set of current data and voltage data.
- the total power data may be calculated in units of arrays, or may be calculated from any unit of string units, module units, and cluster units.
- control management device 61 and the power conditioner 60 are configured separately, but the power conditioner 60 may be configured to include the control management device 61.
- the control management device 61 is built in the power conditioner 60, the wiring for communication and the wiring for power can be used in common, so that the amount of wiring is reduced and the circuit is simplified. Can do.
- the photovoltaic power generation system 3 is configured to include modules MOD11, MOD12, MOD13, output converters (voltage setting devices) T31, T32, T33, a power conditioner 60, and a control management device 80.
- the control management device 80 includes a control data receiving unit (power data receiving unit) 81 and a control content determining unit (voltage determining unit, detour determining unit, short circuit determining unit) 82. And a control instruction section (control data transmission means) 83, and output converters T31, T32, T33,... Are each provided with a control data acquisition section (output power detection means, power measurement means) 71, control.
- the data transmission unit (transmission means) 72 and the output adjustment unit 73 are provided.
- control management device 80 and the output converters T31, T32, T33,... are connected by a network capable of bidirectional communication, whereby the power conditioner 60, the module MOD11, MOD12, MOD13, etc. can communicate with each other.
- the control management device 80 is connected to the power conditioner 60 via a communication network.
- FIG. 10 the connection relation of the power line and the description of the load are omitted.
- control data acquisition unit 71 the control data transmission unit 72, the output adjustment unit 73, and the control management device 80 included in each of the output converters T31, T32, T33... Will be described with reference to FIG.
- the control data acquisition unit 71 and the control data transmission unit 72 will be described as follows by taking the output converter T31 as an example. It is assumed that each of the output converters T31, T32, T33... Is connected to a measurement unit (not shown) including a thermometer and a pyranometer. This measurement part is provided in the vicinity of the module, for example, and measures the temperature and solar radiation intensity near the module.
- the control data acquisition unit 71 acquires various control data, and transfers the acquired data to the control data transmission unit 72.
- Examples of data acquired by the control data acquisition unit 71 include temperature data and solar radiation intensity data acquired from the measurement unit. Further, in the output converter T31, power is obtained based on the voltage / current measured by the primary side voltage / current monitoring unit 55 and the secondary side voltage / current monitoring unit, and the obtained primary side / secondary side power is obtained as power.
- the data acquisition part 71 for control may acquire as data.
- the input current / input voltage of the primary side S1 the output current / output voltage of the secondary side S2, the on / off state of the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 are included.
- the state, the ON / OFF state of the module short-circuit switch 52, the Duty value at the time of DCDC conversion, and the like can be given.
- the control data transmission unit 72 controls communication of the control management device 80, and the control data reception unit 81 provided in the control management device 80 includes various control data transferred from the control data acquisition unit 71. To send to.
- the output adjustment unit 73 controls communication with the control management device 80, receives the control content transmitted from the control instruction unit 83, and controls the output converter T31 based on the received control content. Is for.
- the output converter T31 includes the output adjustment unit 73, the maximum operating point control unit 54 shown in FIG. 1 is not provided. Unlike the maximum operating point control unit 54, the output adjustment unit 73 does not perform the control content determination. Therefore, in the output converter T31, since the block for determining the control content is not essential, the circuit can be simplified correspondingly.
- control management device 80 may control all of the output converters T31, T32, T33.
- control management device 80 will be described.
- the control data receiving unit 81 is for receiving various control data transmitted from the control data transmitting unit 72.
- the control content determination unit 82 collects the various control data acquired by the control data acquisition unit 62 and the various control data received by the control data reception unit 81, and based on the collected various control data, Control contents to be executed in the output converters T31, T32, T33... Are determined.
- the control content determination unit 82 transfers the determined control content to the control instruction unit 83.
- the control instruction unit 83 transmits the control content transferred from the control content determination unit 82 to the output converters T31, T32, T33... Connected via the communication network.
- control content determination unit 82 uses the control data to determine the control content.
- the control content determination unit 82 determines the control content as follows using the control data collected from the control data transmission unit 72 included in the output converters T31, T32, T33.
- the control content determination unit 82 collects control data.
- control content determination unit 82 determines whether there is a module whose output is estimated to be reduced among the modules constituting the string.
- control content determination unit 82 determines from the temperature data that there is a module whose temperature is extremely high compared to other modules, the control content determination unit 82 determines the control content for performing control to turn on the module short-circuit switch. To do. Then, the control instruction unit 83 instructs the output converter to which the module is connected to perform control based on the control content.
- control content determination unit 82 determines the control content for performing DCDC control. To do.
- the control content determination unit 82 sets the DCDC short-circuit switch 51 to The control content for performing the control to turn on is determined.
- control content determined by the control content determination unit 82 is transmitted to the output converter T11 by the control instruction unit 83.
- control content determination unit 82 collects the various control data acquired by the control data acquisition unit 62 and the various control data received by the control data reception unit 81, and the collected various control data Based on this, the determination of the control contents to be executed in the output converters T31, T32, T33.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and like the control management device 61 described with reference to FIG. 9, the control data acquired and collected in the control management device 80 is transmitted to the output converters T31, T32, T33. In the output converters T31, T32, T33,..., The control content can be determined based on the received control data.
- a database for recording various control data acquired by the control data acquisition unit 62 and various control data received by the control data receiving unit 81 is provided in the control management device 80 and collected in the control management device 80.
- the history of the control data may be managed.
- the transmission source output converter of the collected control data, the collected time, and the control data are recorded in association with each other, for each module, one year unit, one season unit, one month unit It is possible to grasp the power generation tendency for each week or for each time zone.
- the control management device 80 can instruct the output converter connected to the module that is known to be shaded in a predetermined time zone to perform control to turn on the module short-circuit switch. it can.
- the control management device 80 controls to turn on the DCDC short-circuit switch. Can be instructed to do.
- the voltage setting device further includes a bypass circuit for bypassing the voltage change circuit and outputting the current output from the solar cell to the outside, and the voltage is output from the solar cell.
- the circuit further comprises detour determination means for determining whether the current is output to the outside via the voltage change circuit or to the outside via the detour circuit, and the control data transmission means is determined by the detour determination means. The result is transmitted to the voltage setting device.
- the voltage setting device is a voltage setting device that is connected to the control management device via a communication network, sets a voltage for the current output from the solar cell, and outputs the voltage to the outside.
- a voltage change circuit configured to be changeable, output power detection means for detecting power output from the voltage change circuit, and transmission for transmitting output power detected by the output power detection means to the control management device Means, a bypass circuit for bypassing the voltage change circuit and outputting the current output from the solar cell to the outside, and a receiving means for receiving the control data transmitted from the control management device. It is characterized by providing.
- the voltage setting device determines the voltage of the voltage setting device so that the received output power is maximized, and detects the output power via a communication network to a control management device that transmits the determined voltage as voltage data.
- the voltage set by the circuit is determined.
- the control management device sets a voltage with respect to the current output from the solar cell, outputs the voltage to the outside, and outputs a voltage change circuit capable of changing the voltage, and electric power output from the voltage change circuit.
- a control management device connected via a communication network to a voltage setting device having an output power detection means for detecting, the power receiving the output power detected by the output power detection means from the voltage setting device Data receiving means; voltage determining means for determining the voltage of the voltage setting device so that the output power indicated by the power data received by the power data receiving means is maximized; and the voltage determined by the voltage determining means Control data transmission means for transmitting to the voltage setting device.
- the voltage setting device outputs a current to the outside via the bypass circuit according to the control data transmitted from the control management device.
- the voltage setting device includes a power measuring means for measuring the power output from the solar cell between the solar cell and the voltage changing circuit or the bypass circuit, and a voltage to the outside.
- a short-circuit switching circuit that switches between two short-circuited states and a non-short-circuited state between two output terminals that output a short-circuit determining means for controlling a switching operation of the short-circuit switching circuit;
- the short-circuit determining means controls the short-circuit switching circuit to be in the short-circuited state when the power measured by the power measuring means satisfies a predetermined standard, and the control data transmitting means The control result by the short-circuit determining means is transmitted to the voltage setting device.
- the voltage setting device is a voltage setting device that is connected to the control management device via a communication network, sets a voltage for the current output from the solar cell, and outputs the voltage to the outside.
- output power detection means for detecting the power output from the voltage change circuit, the solar battery, and the solar battery between the voltage change circuit or the bypass circuit
- a power measuring means for measuring the power output from the power supply, a short-circuit switching circuit for switching between a short-circuited state and a non-short-circuited state between two output terminals that output a voltage to the outside, and the output power Transmitting means for transmitting the output power detected by the detecting means and the power measured by the power measuring means to the control management device, and transmitted from the control management device
- Receiving means for receiving the serial control data characterized in that it comprises a.
- the voltage setting device makes the short-circuit switching circuit short-circuited according to the control data transmitted from the control management device.
- the voltage setting device it is possible to output a voltage from one output terminal to the other output terminal via two output terminals that are short-circuited as necessary.
- a server for monitoring and recording the state of the power generation system including the power conditioner 22 and the array ARRA is provided so that the power generation amount trend analysis and state management can be performed. is there.
- the photovoltaic power generation system 4 includes a plurality of arrays ARRA, a power conditioner 22, a server 90, and a display unit 93.
- the array ARRA includes a plurality of strings STR101 to STRX.
- the string STR101 includes a plurality of sets each including a module and an output converter connected to the module.
- the output converters TA1 to TAn are connected in series. The same applies to the other strings.
- Each of the output converters TA1 to TAn has the same configuration as the output converters T31, T32, T33, etc. described with reference to FIG.
- the power conditioner 22 includes a control management device 23 and an inverter 21.
- the server 90 includes a state monitoring device 91 and a storage unit 92, and is connected to the display unit 93.
- the state monitoring device 91 is connected to the power conditioner 22 through a communication network, acquires control data transmitted from each output converter via the control management device 23, and stores it in the storage unit 92. It is.
- the state monitoring device 91 stores the acquired control data in the storage unit 92 in association with the acquisition source module, string, and array, and the acquired time zone.
- the state monitoring device 91 displays the content stored in the storage unit 92 on the display unit 93 in real time.
- the contents of past control data and the statistical value of the control data can be displayed.
- the state monitoring device 91 may be connected to a plurality of power conditioners 22.
- an administrator of the photovoltaic power generation system 4 can refer to control data and statistical data stored in the storage unit 92.
- the state of the power generation system 4 can be easily grasped, and the power generation tendency can be confirmed.
- the present invention is suitably applicable to residential and industrial solar cell modules.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to a small-scale solar battery device. In this case, since the output voltage / output current is small, the output converter can be downsized.
- the present invention can also be expressed as follows. That is, the voltage setting device according to the present invention sets a voltage with respect to the current output from the solar cell, and outputs the voltage to the outside with the voltage.
- Output power detection means for detecting the power output from the voltage change circuit; and voltage determination means for determining the voltage set by the voltage change circuit so that the output power detected by the output power detection means is maximized. .
- the voltage setting device control method can change the voltage in the voltage setting device control method in which a voltage is set for the current output from the solar cell and the voltage is output to the outside.
- An output power detection step for detecting power output from the voltage change circuit; and a voltage determination step for determining a voltage set by the voltage change circuit so that the output power detected in the output power detection step is maximized. ,including.
- the solar cell includes any of a cell that is a photovoltaic power generation element, a cluster or module in which a plurality of cells are connected in series, a string in which modules are connected in series, and an array in which strings are connected in parallel.
- the voltage set by the voltage change circuit is determined so that the detected output power is maximized.
- the voltage setting device further includes power measuring means for measuring the power output from the solar battery between the solar battery and the voltage changing circuit, and the voltage determining means is controlled by the power measuring means. After determining the provisional voltage set by the voltage changing circuit so that the measured power is maximized, with the provisional voltage as a reference, the output power detected by the output power detection means is maximized. It is preferable to determine a voltage set by the voltage changing circuit.
- the electric power output from the solar cell is measured between the solar cell and the voltage changing circuit, and a temporary voltage that maximizes the electric power is determined.
- the provisional voltage can be determined by MPPT control, the provisional voltage can be determined relatively quickly.
- the voltage is determined with the provisional voltage as a reference so that the output power detected by the output power detection means is maximized, so that the voltage can be determined more quickly.
- the current output from the solar cell bypasses the voltage change circuit and outputs to the outside, and the current output from the solar cell changes the voltage. It is preferable to further include detour determination means for determining whether to output to the outside via the circuit or to the outside via the detour circuit.
- a bypass circuit for bypassing the voltage change circuit and outputting to the outside, and the current output from the solar cell is output to the outside via the voltage change circuit, Whether to output to the outside through the bypass circuit can be determined.
- the detour determination means outputs to the outside via the voltage change circuit based on at least one of temperature and solar radiation intensity in the solar cell, or externally via the detour circuit. It is preferable to determine whether to output to.
- whether to output to the outside via the voltage change circuit or to the outside via the detour circuit is determined based on at least one of the temperature and solar radiation intensity in the solar cell.
- the solar radiation intensity in a solar cell determines the power generation efficiency of a solar cell. That is, as the solar radiation intensity increases, the power output from the solar battery tends to increase, and as the solar radiation intensity decreases, the power output from the solar battery tends to decrease.
- the magnitude of the electric power can be estimated using the temperature and solar radiation intensity in the solar cell.
- current can be output to the outside via a bypass circuit instead of a voltage changing circuit as necessary. That is, if the solar radiation intensity is strong, the current may be output to the outside via the bypass circuit, and if the temperature is high, the current may be output to the outside via the voltage changing circuit.
- the voltage setting device further includes power measuring means for measuring the power output from the solar battery between the solar battery and the voltage changing circuit or the bypass circuit, wherein the bypass determining means is It is preferable to determine whether to output to the outside via the voltage changing circuit or to the outside via the bypass circuit based on the power measured by the power measuring means.
- the current is sent to the outside through the detour circuit in order to prevent the power loss in the voltage change circuit. It is more preferable to output.
- the power output from the solar cell is measured. Based on the measured power, the current is output to the outside through the voltage changing circuit or output to the outside through the detour circuit. You can decide what to do.
- the short-circuit determining unit determines whether to switch the short-circuit switching circuit to a short-circuited state when the power measured by the power measuring unit is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- the power output from the solar cell is measured, and the state of the short circuit switching circuit is switched based on the measured power. Therefore, when the output of the solar cell is reduced, the solar cell Can be bypassed on the circuit, and the current input from one connected voltage setting device can be output to the other voltage setting device. As a result, solar cells that may affect the output power of other solar cells as a whole can be removed on the circuit.
- the current that flows in a short-circuited state is only in one direction, and has a backflow prevention function, so that a backflow prevention element usually installed in the junction box becomes unnecessary.
- the voltage setting device further includes receiving means for receiving array output power data indicating the output power of the solar cell array via a communication network, wherein the detour determination means is based on the array output power data. It is preferable to determine whether to output to the outside via the voltage change circuit or to the outside via the bypass circuit.
- the array output power data indicating the output power of the solar cell array including the solar cells is received, and the output power of the solar cell array indicated by the received array output power data is passed through the detour circuit. It can be determined whether or not the current is output to the outside.
- the voltage setting device further comprises receiving means for receiving the array output power data indicating the output power of the solar cell array via the communication network,
- the short-circuit determining means determines whether or not the power measured by the power measuring means satisfies a predetermined standard based on the ratio of the power measured by the power measuring means and the power indicated by the array output power data. It is preferable.
- the short circuit control can be performed based on the ratio of the power of the solar cell and the power of the solar cell array including the solar cell. Since the short circuit control is performed based on the ratio of the power of the solar cell to the power of the entire solar cell array, for example, when the output of the solar cell is extremely low in the entire solar cell array, the short circuit switching circuit Can be controlled to be in a short-circuited state.
- the voltage setting device further includes a transmission unit that transmits power data indicating the output power detected by the output power detection unit.
- the control management device includes a power data receiving unit that receives power data, a voltage determining unit that determines a voltage so that output power indicated by the power data received by the power data receiving unit is maximized, Control data transmission means for transmitting the voltage determined by the voltage determination means.
- the control management device can determine the voltage based on the power data transmitted from the voltage setting device so as to maximize the output power output from the voltage setting device to the outside. For this reason, the voltage setting device can maximize the power output from the voltage changing circuit in accordance with the voltage determined by the control management device. In other words, solar energy can be used efficiently with the above configuration.
- some or all of the blocks of the output converter T11 and the like may be configured by hardware logic, or may be realized by software using a CPU as follows.
- the output converter T11 and the like include a CPU (central processing unit) that executes instructions of a control program that realizes each function, a ROM (read only memory) that stores the program, and a RAM (random access memory that expands the program). ),
- a storage device (recording medium) such as a memory for storing the program and various data.
- An object of the present invention is a recording medium in which program codes (execution format program, intermediate code program, source program) of a control program such as the output converter T11 which is software for realizing the above-described functions are recorded so as to be readable by a computer Can also be achieved by reading the program code recorded on the recording medium and executing it by the computer (or CPU or MPU).
- the recording medium examples include magnetic tapes such as magnetic tapes and cassette tapes, magnetic disks such as floppy (registered trademark) disks / hard disks, and CD-ROM / MO / MD / DVD / CD-R / Blu-ray disks (registered trademarks). ) And the like, a card system such as an IC card (including a memory card) / optical card, or a semiconductor memory system such as a mask ROM / EPROM / EEPROM / flash ROM.
- the output converter T11 and the like may be configured to be connectable to a communication network, and the program code may be supplied via the communication network.
- the communication network is not particularly limited.
- the Internet intranet, extranet, LAN, ISDN, VAN, CATV communication network, virtual private network, telephone line network, mobile communication network, satellite communication. A net or the like is available.
- the transmission medium constituting the communication network is not particularly limited.
- infrared rays such as IrDA and remote control, Bluetooth ( (Registered trademark), 802.11 wireless, HDR, mobile phone network, satellite line, terrestrial digital network, and the like can also be used.
- the present invention can also be realized in the form of a computer data signal embedded in a carrier wave in which the program code is embodied by electronic transmission.
- the present invention is widely applicable to solar power generation systems regardless of the size.
- Photovoltaic power generation system 30 Load 51 DCDC short-circuit switch (bypass circuit) 52 Module short circuit switch (short circuit switching circuit) 53 DCDC converter (voltage change circuit) 54 Maximum operating point controller (voltage determining means, detour determining means, short circuit determining means) 55 Primary voltage / current monitoring unit (electric power measurement means) 56 Secondary side voltage / current monitor (output power detection means) 60 power conditioner 61 control management device 62 control data acquisition unit 63 control data transmission unit 70 control content determination unit (voltage determination unit, detour determination unit, short circuit determination unit, reception unit) 71 Control data acquisition unit (output power detection means, power measurement means) 72 Control Data Transmitter (Transmitter) 73 Output adjustment unit (reception means) 80 control management device 81 control data receiving unit (power data receiving means) 82 Control content determination unit (voltage determination means, detour determination means, short circuit determination means) 83 Control instruction section (control data transmission means) ARR11 Array CLS11 to CLS13 Cluster (solar cell
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一実施形態について図1~図8に基づいて説明すると以下のとおりである。
まず、図2を用いて、本実施形態に係る太陽光発電システムの概略的構成について説明する。
以下では、図1を用いて、モジュールMOD11および出力変換機T11の構成例について説明する。
図1に示すように、モジュール(太陽電池)MOD11は、3つのクラスタCLS11~CLS13を含む構成である。
図1を参照しながら、出力変換機T11について説明すると次のとおりである。
ここで、太陽電池の特性について説明すると次のとおりである。モジュールMOD11の一部が、日陰で覆われるなどして、その日陰で覆われた部分の出力電力が低下すると、モジュール全体の発電効率に大きな影響を与え、その部分の出力電力の低下分以上に、全体的な発電量が低下することが知られている。
[最大動作点で動作させるための制御]
DCDC変換は、電力の損失を伴う。損失の幅は、DCDC変換における入出力制御の状態により変動する。よって、従来の最大動作点追従制御(以下、MPPT制御と称する)で、モジュール単位に最大出力を得ていても、最大動作点で動作させない場合のほうが、DCDC変換後の出力が大きくなる場合がある。
なお、出力変換機における電力損失とは、DCDC変換部53におけるDCDC変換の際の電力損失である。
上述のとおり、DCDC変換は、電力の損失を伴うため、DCDC変換を行わなくてもよい程度に十分な出力をモジュールから得られているのであれば、むしろDCDC変換を行わないほうが、太陽光発電システムの発電効率の観点からいえば好ましい。
出力変換機T11において、モジュールMOD11から、DCDC変換できないほどの電力しか得られていないのであれば、モジュールMOD11をストリングSTR11の回路上から切り離したほうが、かえってストリングSTR11全体の発電効率が向上することがある。
次に、図4を用いて、出力変換機T11において実行される処理の流れについて説明する。
次に、図5~図7を用いて、従来のストリングのI-V特性と、本発明に係る出力変換機T11~13と、モジュールMOD11~MOD13とからなるストリングSTR11のI-V特性について比較する。
まず、図5を用いて、ストリングSTR11を構成する各モジュールが十分な日射量を得ている場合におけるストリングSTR11のI-V特性について説明する。
次に、図6を用いて、ストリングを構成する3つのモジュールのうち、1つのモジュールが日陰となり、出力電流が低下している場合におけるストリングのI-V特性について説明する。
次に、図7を用いて、ストリングを構成する3つのモジュールのうち、2つのモジュールが日陰となり、出力電流が低下している場合におけるストリングのI-V特性について説明する。
以上のように、本発明に係る出力変換機T11は、モジュールMOD11から出力された電流に対して電圧を設定し、該電圧で外部へ出力する出力変換機T11において、上記電圧を変更可能なDCDC変換部53と、DCDC変換部53から出力される電力を検出する二次側電圧・電流監視部56と、二次側電圧・電流監視部56によって検出される出力電力が最大となるようにDCDC変換部53に設定する電圧を決定する最大動作点制御部54と、を備える構成である。
以下において、本実施形態に係る出力変換機T11の好ましい変形例について説明する。
出力変換機T11のDCDC短絡スイッチ51およびモジュール短絡スイッチ52は、リレー、ダイオード、MOSなど、公知の技術によって実現可能である。また、出力変換機内の取り付け位置についても任意に設定可能である。例えば、出力変換機T11は、モジュール裏面のジャンクションボックス内に組み込んでもよいし、ジャンクションボックスから外付けしてもよい。
次に、図8を用いて、出力変換機T11の接続の変形例について説明する。
本発明の他の実施形態について図9に基づいて説明すると以下のとおりである。本実施形態では、太陽光発電システムにおいて、各種センサを設けて、センサの計測結果に基づいて、制御管理装置が太陽光発電システム内の出力変換機を制御する場合について説明する。
まず、図9を用いて本実施形態に係る太陽光発電システム2の概略的構成について説明すると次のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態1にて説明した図面と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
以下、図9を参照しながら、制御管理装置61、および出力変換機T21、T22、T23…のそれぞれが備える制御内容決定部70について具体的に説明する。
制御内容決定部70は、温度データを次のように用いることで最大動作点制御部54の制御内容を決定する。
制御内容決定部70は、日照強度データを次のように用いることで最大動作点制御部54の制御内容を決定する。
制御内容決定部70は、電力データを次のように用いることで最大動作点制御部54の制御内容を決定する。
以上において、制御用データ送信部63から各種制御用データを、制御内容決定部70に送信し、制御内容決定部70が、受信した各種制御用データから出力変換機T21における制御内容を決定する構成について説明した。
本発明の別の実施形態について説明すると以下のとおりである。本実施形態では、図9に示した太陽光発電システム2において、さらにモジュール側にも各種センサを設けて、モジュール側および制御管理装置に接続されている計測部の計測結果に基づいて、制御管理装置が、太陽光発電システム内の出力変換機を制御する場合について説明する。
まず、図10を用いて本実施形態に係る太陽光発電システム3の概略的構成について説明すると次のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態1および実施形態2にて説明した図面と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
以下、図10を参照しながら、出力変換機T31、T32、T33…が、それぞれ備える制御用データ取得部71、制御用データ送信部72および出力調整部73ならびに制御管理装置80について説明する。
次に、制御内容決定部82が、制御用データをどのように使用して制御内容を決定するかについて以下に具体的に説明する。
以上において、制御内容決定部82が、制御用データ取得部62が取得した各種制御用データと、制御用データ受信部81が受信した各種制御用データとを収集し、収集した各種制御用データに基づいて、出力変換機T31、T32、T33…において実行すべき制御内容を決定することについて説明した。
本発明のその他の実施形態について図11に基づいて説明すると以下のとおりである。本実施形態では、太陽光発電システムにおいて、パワーコンディショナ22、アレイARRAからなる発電系統の状態を監視、記録するサーバを設けて、発電量の傾向分析や、状態管理を行えるようにしたものである。
図11を用いて本実施形態に係る太陽光発電システム4の概略的構成について説明すると次のとおりである。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施形態1および実施形態2にて説明した図面と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
本発明は、住宅用、産業用の太陽電池モジュール等に好適に適用可能である。しかしながら、これに限られず、小規模な太陽電池装置にも応用が可能であり、この場合、出力電圧・出力電流が小さいため、出力変換機の小型化が可能である。
上記短絡決定手段が、上記電力計測手段が計測する電力と、上記アレイ出力電力データが示す電力の割合に基づいて、上記電力計測手段が計測した電力が所定の基準を満たすか否かを判定することが好ましい。
30 負荷
51 DCDC短絡スイッチ(迂回回路)
52 モジュール短絡スイッチ(短絡切替回路)
53 DCDC変換部(電圧変更回路)
54 最大動作点制御部(電圧決定手段、迂回決定手段、短絡決定手段)
55 一次側電圧・電流監視部(電力計測手段)
56 二次側電圧・電流監視部(出力電力検出手段)
60 パワーコンディショナ
61 制御管理装置
62 制御用データ取得部
63 制御用データ送信部
70 制御内容決定部(電圧決定手段、迂回決定手段、短絡決定手段、受信手段)
71 制御用データ取得部(出力電力検出手段、電力計測手段)
72 制御用データ送信部(送信手段)
73 出力調整部(受信手段)
80 制御管理装置
81 制御用データ受信部(電力データ受信手段)
82 制御内容決定部(電圧決定手段、迂回決定手段、短絡決定手段)
83 制御指示部(制御データ送信手段)
ARR11 アレイ
CLS11~CLS13 クラスタ(太陽電池)
MOD11~MOD13 モジュール(太陽電池)
MOD21 モジュール
STR11 ストリング
T11~T13 出力変換機(電圧設定装置)
T21、T22、T23… 出力変換機(電圧設定装置)
T31、T32、T33… 出力変換機(電圧設定装置)
S2+ 二次側正極(正極出力端子)
S2- 二次側負極(負極出力端子)
Claims (15)
- 太陽電池から出力された電流に対して電圧を設定し、該電圧で外部へ出力する電圧設定装置において、
上記電圧を変更可能な電圧変更回路と、
上記電圧変更回路から出力される電力を検出する出力電力検出手段と、
上記出力電力検出手段によって検出される出力電力が最大となるように、上記電圧変更回路によって設定される電圧を決定する電圧決定手段と、
上記太陽電池から出力された電流を、上記電圧変更回路を迂回して外部へ出力するための迂回回路と、
上記太陽電池から出力された電流を、上記電圧変更回路を介して外部へ出力するか、上記迂回回路を介して外部へ出力するかを決定する迂回決定手段と、
上記太陽電池から出力された電力を計測する電力計測手段と、
外部に対して電圧を出力する正極出力端子および負極出力端子の間を、短絡した状態と短絡していない状態との間で切り替える短絡切替回路と、
上記電力計測手段が計測した電力が所定値以下である場合に、上記短絡切替回路を上記短絡した状態に切り替える短絡決定手段とを備える電圧設定装置。 - 上記迂回決定手段が、上記太陽電池の温度および日射強度の少なくとも一方に基づいて、上記電圧変更回路を介して外部へ出力するか、上記迂回回路を介して外部へ出力するかを決定する請求項1に記載の電圧設定装置。
- 上記迂回決定手段が、上記電力計測手段が計測した電力に基づいて、上記電圧変更回路を介して外部へ出力するか、上記迂回回路を介して外部へ出力するかを決定する請求項1または2に記載の電圧設定装置。
- 太陽電池アレイの出力電力を示すアレイ出力電力データを、通信ネットワークを介して受信する受信手段をさらに備え、
上記短絡決定手段が、上記電力計測手段が計測する電力と、上記アレイ出力電力データが示す電力の割合に基づいて、上記電力計測手段が計測した電力が所定の基準を満たすか否かを判定する請求項1に記載の電圧設定装置。 - 上記電圧決定手段が、上記電力計測手段によって計測された電力が最大となるように上記電圧変更回路によって設定される仮電圧を決定した後に、該仮電圧を基準として、上記出力電力検出手段によって検出される出力電力が最大となるように、上記電圧変更回路によって設定される電圧を決定する請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の電圧設定装置。
- 上記出力電力検出手段によって検出される出力電力を示す電力データを送信する送信手段を備える請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の電圧設定装置。
- 請求項6に記載の電圧設定装置と、上記電圧設定装置から電力データを受信可能に構成された制御管理装置とを有する太陽光発電システムであって、
上記制御管理装置は、
上記電圧設定装置から受信した電力データが示す出力電力が最大となるように電圧を決定する電圧決定手段、および、
上記電圧決定手段によって決定した電圧を上記電圧設定装置に送信する制御データ送信手段、を備える太陽光発電システム。 - 太陽電池アレイと、
上記太陽電池アレイに接続された請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の電圧設定装置と、を備えた太陽光発電システム。 - 太陽電池から出力された電流に対して電圧を設定し、該電圧で外部へ出力する電圧設定装置の制御方法において、
上記電圧を変更可能な電圧変更回路から出力される電力を検出する出力電力検出ステップと、
上記出力電力検出ステップによって検出される出力電力が最大となるように、上記電圧変更回路によって設定される電圧を決定する電圧決定ステップと、
上記太陽電池から出力された電流を、上記電圧変更回路を介して外部へ出力するか、該電圧変更回路を迂回して該太陽電池から出力された電流を外部へ出力するための迂回回路を介して外部へ出力するかを決定する迂回決定ステップと、
上記太陽電池から出力された電力を計測する電力計測ステップと、
外部に対して電圧を出力する正極出力端子および負極出力端子の間を、短絡した状態と短絡していない状態との間で切り替える短絡切替回路を、上記電力計測ステップにおいて計測した電力が所定値以下である場合に、短絡した状態に切り替える短絡決定ステップとを含む電圧設定装置の制御方法。 - 複数の太陽電池を含む太陽電池アレイのうちの一の太陽電池に接続され、該太陽電池から出力された電流に対して電圧を設定し、該電圧で外部へ出力する電圧設定装置において、
上記太陽電池アレイに含まれる上記複数の太陽電池が出力する電力の合計を示すアレイ出力電力データを生成する制御管理装置と通信接続可能に構成され、
上記電圧を変更可能な電圧変更回路と、
上記電圧変更回路から出力される電力を検出する出力電力検出手段と、
上記出力電力検出手段によって検出される出力電力が最大となるように、上記電圧変更回路によって設定される電圧を決定する電圧決定手段と、
上記制御管理装置から、上記アレイ出力電力データを受信する受信手段と、
上記太陽電池から出力された電流を、上記電圧変更回路を迂回して外部へ出力するための迂回回路と、
上記受信手段により受信した上記アレイ出力電力データが示す出力電力に対する、上記出力電力検出手段により検出した上記太陽電池の電力の割合が、所定値以下である場合、上記太陽電池から出力された電流を、上記電圧変更回路を介して外部へ出力することを決定する一方で、所定値以下でない場合、上記迂回回路を介して外部へ出力することを決定する迂回決定手段と、を備える電圧設定装置。 - 上記太陽電池と上記電圧変更回路との間で上記太陽電池から出力された電力を計測する電力計測手段をさらに備え、
上記電圧決定手段が、上記電力計測手段によって計測された電力が最大となるように上記電圧変更回路によって設定される仮電圧を決定した後に、該仮電圧を基準として、上記出力電力検出手段によって検出される出力電力が最大となるように、上記電圧変更回路によって設定される電圧を決定する請求項10に記載の電圧設定装置。 - 上記出力電力検出手段によって検出される出力電力を示す電力データを上記制御管理装置に送信する送信手段を備える請求項10または11に記載の電圧設定装置。
- 複数の太陽電池を含む太陽電池アレイと、上記複数の太陽電池にそれぞれ接続された複数の請求項12に記載の電圧設定装置と、上記制御管理装置とを含む太陽光発電システムであって、
上記制御管理装置は、
上記複数の電圧設定装置から電力データを受信する電力データ受信手段と、
上記複数の電圧設定装置から受信した電力データを集計して上記アレイ出力電力データを生成し、生成した上記アレイ出力電力データを上記電圧設定装置に送信する制御データ送信手段と、を備える太陽光発電システム。 - 複数の太陽電池を含む太陽電池アレイと、
上記複数の太陽電池にそれぞれ接続された複数の請求項10または11に記載の電圧設定装置と、
上記制御管理装置と、を備えた太陽光発電システム。 - 複数の太陽電池を含む太陽電池アレイのうちの一の太陽電池に接続され、該太陽電池から出力された電流に対して電圧を設定し、該電圧で外部へ出力する電圧設定装置の制御方法において、
上記電圧を変更可能な電圧変更回路から出力される電力を検出する出力電力検出ステップと、
上記出力電力検出ステップによって検出される出力電力が最大となるように、上記電圧変更回路によって設定される電圧を決定する電圧決定ステップと、
上記太陽電池アレイに含まれる上記複数の太陽電池が出力する電力の合計を示すアレイ出力電力データを生成する制御管理装置から、該アレイ出力電力データを、通信ネットワークを介して受信する受信ステップと、
上記受信ステップにより受信した上記アレイ出力電力データが示す出力電力に対する、上記出力電力検出ステップにより検出した上記太陽電池の電力の割合が、所定値以下である場合、上記太陽電池から出力された電流を、上記電圧変更回路を介して外部へ出力することを決定する一方で、所定値以下でない場合、該電圧変更回路を迂回して外部へ出力するための迂回回路を介して外部へ出力することを決定する迂回決定ステップと、を含む電圧設定装置の制御方法。
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CN201080045913.5A CN102597902B (zh) | 2009-11-16 | 2010-11-12 | 电压设定装置、阳光发电系统以及电压设定装置的控制方法 |
US13/500,166 US9035491B2 (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2010-11-12 | Voltage setting device, photovoltaic power generation system, and control method of voltage setting device |
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US20120242303A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
US9035491B2 (en) | 2015-05-19 |
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