WO2011056379A1 - Utilisation du noir de carbone pour la stabilite à l'oxydation et a la chaleur dans des applications de module solaire - Google Patents
Utilisation du noir de carbone pour la stabilite à l'oxydation et a la chaleur dans des applications de module solaire Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011056379A1 WO2011056379A1 PCT/US2010/052727 US2010052727W WO2011056379A1 WO 2011056379 A1 WO2011056379 A1 WO 2011056379A1 US 2010052727 W US2010052727 W US 2010052727W WO 2011056379 A1 WO2011056379 A1 WO 2011056379A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
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- weight
- styrene
- sealant
- edge seal
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 claims description 51
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 styrene-ethylene-butylene- styrene Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012243 magnesium silicates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VSKJLJHPAFKHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 VSKJLJHPAFKHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- GJKZSOHUVOQISW-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 GJKZSOHUVOQISW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 239000003707 silyl modified polymer Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-(oxomethylidene)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)N=C=O)C=C1 VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 25
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004590 silicone sealant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010399 physical interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002742 polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene/propylene) -block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000346 polystyrene-polyisoprene block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920013640 amorphous poly alpha olefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012668 chain scission Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical class [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013008 moisture curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000045 pyrolysis gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000009 pyrolysis mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical class [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L43/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L43/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- This invention relates to an edge seal for solar modules, there being provided a sealant having carbon black for thermal and thermo-oxidative stability, while maintaining non-conductivity.
- the spacer consists primarily of metal (usually aluminum), is located in the edge area of the glass panes, and has the function of maintaining the two glass panes at the desired distance apart.
- a desiccant e.g. a molecular sieve
- the spacer is provided with small apertures (longitudinal perforation) on the side facing the interpane space. This arrangement prevents moisture from condensing on the inside of the glass panes at low ambient temperatures and impairing the transparency of the insulating glass unit.
- a seal based on polyisobutylene and/or butyl rubber is provided between the sides of the spacer that face the glass panes and the inner surfaces of the glass panes.
- This seal is generally known as the primary seal.
- the function of the primary seal is during production of the insulating glass panes, to be a kind of "assembly aid" while the glass panes are being joined to the spacer, which has been pre-coated with primary sealant, in order to hold the assembly together during the next production stages, and later, during the service life of the insulating glass unit, to form a water-vapor barrier that prevents moisture from penetrating from the exterior inwards into the interpane space, and, if the insulating glass unit is filled with gas, to prevent loss of this gas outwards from the interpane space.
- the secondary sealant As the outward-facing edge of the spacer is a few millimeters inside of the outside edges of the glass panes, a "channel" is formed into which the secondary sealant, as it is generally known, is injected.
- the main purpose of the secondary seal is to elastically bond the edge of the insulating glass unit (glass panes and spacer) and also to form a seal - which is to some extent an additional seal - against water and water vapor from the outside and gas from the inside (interpane space).
- the secondary seal consists of room- temperature-curing, two-part sealants and/or adhesives based on polysulfide, polyurethane or silicone.
- One-part systems for example based on silicone, or a hot-melt butyl adhesive applied while hot, are also possible.
- metal spacers used there have the disadvantage of being good heat conductors and thus having a negative influence on an insulating glass pane's desirable low K-value, which, in the case of double- or multi-pane insulating glass, has been improved substantially in recent years by filling the interpane space with inert gas and using glass panes coated with low-emission (low-E) layers.
- low-E low-emission
- the DE 196 24 236 A1 describes a hot-melt adhesive composition for insulating glass, containing a mixture of at least one reactive binder based on silane-functional polyisobutylene, hydrogenated polybutadiene and/or poly-a-olefins, and a non-reactive binder from the group comprising the butyl rubbers, poly-a-olefins, diene polymers, polybutene or styrene block copolymers, which composition may be used as 1 - or 2-part adhesive/sealant in the production of insulating glasses. No separate spacers comprising metal or plastic profiles are needed here, and no additional, secondary sealants.
- the DE 198 21 355 A1 describes a sealing compound for use in the production of multi-pane insulating glass; the compound contains silane- modified butyl rubber and serves as spacer between the individual panes of the multi-pane insulating glass. Here too, no secondary sealant is needed.
- thermoplastic material used combines the function of the spacer with that of the primary seal, as it is called. It also contains the desiccant.
- TPS thermoplastic spacer
- the outward-facing edge of the spacer is a few millimeters inside of the outer edges of the glass panes, and the remaining space is filled by the secondary seal, as it is called, which bonds the units elastically.
- the TPS system has, over the past ten years, proved to be completely unproblematic in insulating-glass fenestration applications.
- the main reason may be assumed to be the lack of adhesion between the TPS sealant and the secondary seal, and the inadequate adhesion - based only on predominantly physical interactions - of the TPS sealant to the glass. This bond may be easily weakened to a greater or lesser extent by substances migrating into the glass/TPS sealant interface.
- the present invention provides an edge seal which is free of the disadvantages described and which, especially also under high stresses (external influences due to incompatible materials, extremely high temperatures and UV radiation), ensures permanent stability of the TPS edge seal and thereby reliably prevents any deformation of movement of the thermoplastic spacer profile into the interpane space.
- the edge seal includes carbon black for oxidative and heat stability and non-conductivity.
- an edge seal for manufacturing two-pane or multi-pane insulating glass or solar modules includes a sealant and a bonding agent.
- the sealant contains a polymer modified with special reactive groups and has the following overall composition: olefinic polymers or combinations thereof included in an amount from about 10% to about 90% by weight of the total composition; at least one filler included in an amount from about 10% to about 65% by weight of the total composition; at least one inorganic filler that is a thermal and oxidative stabilizer in an amount from about 2% to about 30%; at least one of a desiccant or water scavenger included in an amount from about 2.5% to about 25% by weight of the total composition; and at least one aging resistor including an anti-oxidant or UV stabilizer included in an amount from about 0.1 % to about 3% by weight of the total composition.
- an edge seal includes a primary sealant that contains a polymer modified with special groups and has the following overall composition:
- the sealing compound according to the invention adheres markedly better to other materials, in particular glass, metals and plastic, than is the case with prior-art sealing compounds.
- the olefinic polymers are selected from the group comprising polyisobutylene, polybutene, butyl rubber (polyisobutylene-isoprene), styrene block copolymers, especially SBS, SIS, SEBS, SEPS, SIBS, SBIBS, also in modified form, and amorphous copolymers and/or terpolymers of a-olefins (APAO).
- polyisobutylene polybutene
- butyl rubber polyisobutylene-isoprene
- styrene block copolymers especially SBS, SIS, SEBS, SEPS, SIBS, SBIBS, also in modified form
- APAO amorphous copolymers and/or terpolymers of a-olefins
- the modified polymer can be selected from the group comprising polyisobutylene, polybutene, butyl rubber (polyisobutylene-isoprene), styrene block copolymers, especially SBS, SIS, SEBS, SEPS, SIBS, SBIBS, also in modified form, and amorphous copolymers and/or terpolymers of a-olefins (APAO), the polymer being modified with at least one group of formula (1 ) which is a terminal group or is distributed statistically within the chain
- R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or an aralkyi group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, X is a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group,
- a is 0,1 ,2 or 3 and b is 0,1 or 2, the sum of a and b being greater than or equal to 1 , and where n is a whole number between 0 and 18, m is a whole number between 0 and 4 and R 3 is (CH 2 ) m - N - (CH 2 ) m - I
- the fillers can be selected from the group comprising ground and precipitated chalks, silicates, silicon oxides, lime, and carbon blacks or soots.
- the invention also provides for the chalks to be surface-treated. However, it is also possible to use non-surface-treated chalks.
- the composition includes a thermal and oxidative stabilizing inorganic filler, such as, for example, carbon black.
- the silicates can be selected from the group comprising talc, kaolin, mica, silicon oxides, silicas and calcium or magnesium silicates. It is also with the scope of the invention for the water-binding substances to be selected from molecular sieves (zeolites) of types 3A to 10A. Of course, other substances that bond water chemically or physically may also be used. These include, but are not limited to, other desiccants such as silica gel, alumina, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and potassium carbonate, and water scavengers such as calcium oxide.
- desiccants such as silica gel, alumina, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and potassium carbonate
- water scavengers such as calcium oxide.
- the sealing compound either as a one- part sealing compound or as a two-part sealing compound.
- a one- part sealing compound all the components are mixed together during the production process.
- the olefinic polymers (a) are mixed together with some of the fine-particle inert fillers (c) and the water-binding fillers (d) in one part, e.g. part A; a second part, part B, is manufactured from some of the fine-particle inert fillers together with some of the olefinic polymers (a) and/or the entire quantity of modified polymers (b) and the aging resistors (e).
- the two parts of the compound are then mixed together immediately prior to application.
- the invention also provides for the aging resistors to be selected from the group comprising sterically hindered phenols, thioethers, mercapto compounds, phosphorus esters, benzotriazoles, benzophenones, HALS and antiozonants.
- test insulating-glass panes measuring 500 x 350 mm and constructed as 4 mm float glass / 16 mm interpane space / 4 mm float glass plus the edge seal consisting in the one instance of
- an EPDM profile of the kind typically employed for glazing applications and having a plasticizer content of about 20% mineral oil is bonded using a one-part silicone sealant with a high silicone-plasticizer content, said profile thus being brought into direct contact with the edge-seal sealants.
- the test panes prepared in this way were then exposed to a weathering-cycle test (-20 °C / + 80 °C at 95 - 100% rel. humidity, 8 hours per cycle, 3 cycles per day).
- test pane 1 After only about 4-5 weeks of the weathering-cycle test, test pane 1 ) showed deformation, i.e., movement, of the thermoplastic spacer profile into the interpane space. This was caused by the incompatibility reactions (plasticizer migration from the EPDM profile and the one-part silicone sealant).
- Test pane 2 by contrast, showed no impairment of the edge seal whatsoever even after more than 50 weeks of the weathering-cycle test.
- the glass adhesion and the edge seal showed no recognizable impairment whatsoever after more than 4,000 hours of irradiation with UV lamps (Osram Ultravitalux) and temperatures at the pane surfaces of up to 1 10 °C.
- An edge seal that can withstand stresses of this kind is thus suitable not only for insulating-glass applications in particularly demanding situations, e.g. frameless glazing in facades or roofs (known as structural glazing), but also, for example, for the edge seal in solar modules.
- the edge seal must not show any electrical conductivity, as this can cause fault current or short circuits between the contacts.
- silicone-based secondary seal this is no problem, since silicones typically show very high volume resistivities, mostly > 10 14 Ohm-cm, and thus fall within the category of electrical insulators.
- butyl sealants with a high filler content of carbon black - as in the case of the reactive butyl compound described here - have volume resistivities of ⁇ 10 6 Ohm-cm, meaning that the compound would be electrically conductive.
- Carbon black can affect the thermal decomposition of various polymers in an inert atmosphere by thermogravimetry/mass spectrometry (TGA- MS) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Pyrolosis-GC-MS).
- TGA- MS thermogravimetry/mass spectrometry
- Pyrolosis-GC-MS pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
- the nature of substituents on the hydrocarbon chain of the polymers affects the thermal behavior of the mixtures with carbon black.
- Carbon black exhibits no influence on the decomposition of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) which has quaternary carbon atoms in the polymer chain and decomposes by depolymerization.
- PMMA poly(methyl methacrylate)
- polypropylene PP
- PE polyethylene
- PS polystyrene
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- the char yield of PAN is increased significantly, however, carbon black has no impact on the amount of residue of non-char-forming polymers.
- Analysis of the pyrolysis products indicate that carbon black has influence through the chain cleavage and H-transfer reactions.
- the promotion of the chain scission reactions in PP is indicated by the lower decomposition temperature and the increased formation of products originating from the primary macroradicals. It appears that carbon black participates in the termination of the chain reactions, too, thus, the yield of oligomers is significantly reduced from the vinyl polymers.
- the increased yield of hydrogenated products also confirms that carbon black participates in the H-transfer reactions.
- inclusion of carbon black as a oxidative and thermal stabilizer in a sealant or sealing compound provides a sealant or sealing compound with a relative thermal index (RTI) of at least about 105°C when verified by Underwriters Laboratories Inc.® (UL).
- RTI relative thermal index
- Olefinic polymer Polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polyisobutene, butyl rubber (polyisobutene-isoprene) styrene block copolymers (in modified form as well): For all olefinic polymers Mol wt (Number average molecular weight 100 - 1 ,000, 000 Da, preferabaly 100 - 300,000 Da); Silanes: : DFDA-5451 NT (silane grafted PE from Dow Chemical), DFDA-5481 NT (moisture curing catalyst from Dow Chemical), amorphous poly alpha olefins (such as and not restricted to Vestoplast 206, Vestoplast 2412), alkoxy silanes, amino silanes; Inert fillers: ground and precipitated chalks, silicates, lime, silicon oxides, and Carbon black, CaCO3, Ca(OH) 2 , titanium dioxide, silicates to be
Abstract
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2012534370A JP2013509454A (ja) | 2009-10-14 | 2010-10-14 | ソーラーモジュール用途における酸化及び熱安定性のためのカーボンブラックの使用 |
US13/501,938 US20120199200A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2010-10-14 | Use of carbon black for oxidative and heat stability in solar module applications |
EP10828748A EP2488597A1 (fr) | 2009-10-14 | 2010-10-14 | Utilisation du noir de carbone pour la stabilite à l'oxydation et a la chaleur dans des applications de module solaire |
CN2010800565810A CN102695769A (zh) | 2009-10-14 | 2010-10-14 | 炭黑在太阳能模块应用中用于氧化和热稳定性的用途 |
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US25155109P | 2009-10-14 | 2009-10-14 | |
US61/251,551 | 2009-10-14 | ||
US67925010A | 2010-03-19 | 2010-03-19 | |
US12/679,250 | 2010-03-19 |
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WO2011056379A1 true WO2011056379A1 (fr) | 2011-05-12 |
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PCT/US2010/052727 WO2011056379A1 (fr) | 2007-09-20 | 2010-10-14 | Utilisation du noir de carbone pour la stabilite à l'oxydation et a la chaleur dans des applications de module solaire |
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EP (1) | EP2488597A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2013509454A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20120097497A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102695769A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011056379A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
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CN102604312A (zh) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-25 | 深圳市盛嘉伦橡塑工业有限公司 | 热塑性弹性体密封条材料及其制备方法 |
WO2020201287A1 (fr) * | 2019-04-03 | 2020-10-08 | IGK Isolierglasklebstoffe GmbH | Système pour la fabrication d'un composite de masses d'étanchéité pour un verre isolant |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104559912B (zh) * | 2015-02-05 | 2016-05-18 | 四川天邑康和通信股份有限公司 | 一种光缆接头盒用密封胶及其制备方法 |
KR101821393B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-01-23 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 태양전지 모듈 |
CN106753059B (zh) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-01-22 | 杭州福斯特应用材料股份有限公司 | 一种双玻光伏组件用热熔丁基密封胶及制备方法 |
CN106893529B (zh) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-07-31 | 广西金雨伞防水装饰有限公司 | 一种耐候热熔型压敏胶及其制备方法 |
CN109096934A (zh) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-12-28 | 浙江福斯特新材料研究院有限公司 | 一种耐高温防水丁基胶带 |
JP2020195468A (ja) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-10 | 早水電機工業株式会社 | 防煙垂れ壁 |
CN112375510B (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-10-18 | 浙江国能科技有限公司 | 一种新型高强度万能粘接密封胶及其制备方法 |
CN114605947B (zh) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-05-02 | 北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司 | 一种基于硅烷改性的热熔压敏胶及其制备方法 |
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US4587289A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1986-05-06 | Ahmet Comert | Adhesive thermoplastic compositions |
US20040216778A1 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-11-04 | Ferri Louis Anthony | Solar panel including a low moisture vapor transmission rate adhesive composition |
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DE19624236A1 (de) * | 1996-06-18 | 1998-01-08 | Henkel Teroson Gmbh | Reaktive Schmelzklebstoff-Zusammensetzung für Isolierglas |
JP2006273705A (ja) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-10-12 | Kaneka Corp | 複層ガラス |
CN1944312A (zh) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-04-11 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 复层玻璃 |
DE102007045104A1 (de) * | 2007-09-20 | 2009-04-02 | Kömmerling Chemische Fabrik GmbH | Dichtungsmasse zur Herstellung von Zwei- oder Mehrscheiben-Isolierglas oder Solarmodulen |
-
2010
- 2010-10-14 EP EP10828748A patent/EP2488597A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-10-14 CN CN2010800565810A patent/CN102695769A/zh active Pending
- 2010-10-14 WO PCT/US2010/052727 patent/WO2011056379A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2010-10-14 KR KR1020127011886A patent/KR20120097497A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-10-14 JP JP2012534370A patent/JP2013509454A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4587289A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1986-05-06 | Ahmet Comert | Adhesive thermoplastic compositions |
US20040216778A1 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-11-04 | Ferri Louis Anthony | Solar panel including a low moisture vapor transmission rate adhesive composition |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102604312A (zh) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-25 | 深圳市盛嘉伦橡塑工业有限公司 | 热塑性弹性体密封条材料及其制备方法 |
CN102604312B (zh) * | 2012-01-13 | 2014-05-28 | 深圳市盛嘉伦橡塑工业有限公司 | 热塑性弹性体密封条材料及其制备方法 |
WO2020201287A1 (fr) * | 2019-04-03 | 2020-10-08 | IGK Isolierglasklebstoffe GmbH | Système pour la fabrication d'un composite de masses d'étanchéité pour un verre isolant |
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KR20120097497A (ko) | 2012-09-04 |
JP2013509454A (ja) | 2013-03-14 |
CN102695769A (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
EP2488597A1 (fr) | 2012-08-22 |
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