WO2011052588A1 - 光学システム - Google Patents
光学システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011052588A1 WO2011052588A1 PCT/JP2010/068966 JP2010068966W WO2011052588A1 WO 2011052588 A1 WO2011052588 A1 WO 2011052588A1 JP 2010068966 W JP2010068966 W JP 2010068966W WO 2011052588 A1 WO2011052588 A1 WO 2011052588A1
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- liquid crystal
- display panel
- crystal display
- imaging element
- reflective imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/04—Prisms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
- G02B30/35—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using reflective optical elements in the optical path between the images and the observer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133524—Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical system having a reflective imaging element capable of forming an image of a projection object in space and a liquid crystal display panel.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 an optical system that forms an image of a projection object in a space using a reflective imaging element
- the optical system has a reflective imaging element and a projection object, and the image displayed in the space is an image of the projection object in a plane-symmetric position with the reflective imaging element as a symmetry plane.
- This optical system uses specular reflection of a reflective imaging element, and in principle, the ratio of the size of the image of the projection object and the image projected in space is 1: 1.
- an optical element also referred to as a unit coupling element including two mirror elements perpendicular to the inner wall of each hole provided with a hole penetrating in the thickness direction of a flat substrate. It has a plurality of transparent cylindrical bodies projecting in the thickness direction of the substrate (for example, see FIG. 4 of Patent Document 1), or two mirror surface elements orthogonal to the inner wall surface of each cylindrical body An optical element having such an optical element is disclosed (for example, see FIG. 7 of Patent Document 1).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 are incorporated herein by reference.
- an image projected in the air (hereinafter referred to as “aerial image”) is also angled.
- the effect of making it appear as if it came to space is obtained.
- the image is formed in the air as a more upright image (closer to the vertical), so that a more realistic image can be displayed. .
- an image displayed on a display panel for example, a liquid crystal display panel
- the image displayed on the display panel is displayed upright in the air. Therefore, even if the displayed image is a two-dimensional image, the viewer can recognize the aerial image as if it was floating in the space, and as if the three-dimensional image was displayed in the air.
- an image recognized by an observer such that a 3D image floats in the air may be referred to as an “image with a floating feeling” in this specification.
- an aerial image with sufficient display quality may not be displayed. all right.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical system capable of displaying a floating image with high display quality.
- the optical system of the present invention is a reflective imaging element, and a liquid crystal display panel disposed on the light incident side of the reflective imaging element, with respect to a surface defined by the reflective imaging element,
- the display surface is arranged so as to be inclined at an angle of 45 ° or more and 75 ° or less, and the viewing angle dependency of the contrast ratio is inclined by 10 ° or more in the inclination direction of the display surface from the normal line of the display surface.
- a liquid crystal display panel having a center value in the direction, and images an image displayed on the display surface of the liquid crystal display panel at a plane-symmetrical position with the reflective imaging element as a symmetry plane.
- the light distribution of the display light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel takes a maximum value in a direction inclined by 10 ° or more from the normal line of the display surface to the inclination direction of the display surface.
- the liquid crystal display panel is a TN type liquid crystal display panel.
- Another optical system of the present invention is a reflective imaging element and a liquid crystal display panel disposed on a light incident side of the reflective imaging element, the surface being defined by the reflective imaging element
- the display surface is inclined so as to form an angle of 15 ° or more and 45 ° or less, and the viewing angle dependency of the contrast ratio depends on the normal direction of the display surface or the normal direction of the display surface.
- a liquid crystal display panel having a central value in a direction inclined more than 0 ° and less than 10 ° in an inclination direction, an incident surface, an output surface, and a plurality of light guide paths formed between the incident surface and the output surface;
- a light guide element wherein the incident surface is disposed on the reflective imaging element side of the display surface, and the emission surface is 45 ° or more and 75 ° with respect to a surface defined by the reflective imaging element.
- the light guide element is inclined to form the following corners With the door, the image displayed on the exit surface of the light guide element, for imaging the reflective imaging element plane symmetrical positions to the symmetry plane.
- the light guide element is a fiber plate.
- the liquid crystal display panel is a TN type liquid crystal display panel.
- an optical system capable of displaying a floating image with high display quality is provided.
- FIG. 1 is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the optical system 100A of embodiment of this invention
- (b) is an isocontrast ratio diagram which shows the viewing angle characteristic of 20 A of liquid crystal display panels which the optical system 100A has.
- (a) is a typical front view
- (b) is the part of C in (a).
- It is the expanded schematic perspective view. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a unit imaging element 13 and a light path.
- FIG. 200 It is a figure for demonstrating the problem of the optical system 200 (comparative example) which has the conventional general liquid crystal display panel 20B, (a) is a typical side view which shows the structure of the optical system 200, ( b) is an iso-contrast ratio diagram showing viewing angle characteristics of a general liquid crystal display panel 20B included in the optical system 200.
- FIG. 200 is a figure for demonstrating the problem of the optical system 200 (comparative example) which has the conventional general liquid crystal display panel 20B
- (a) is a typical side view which shows the structure of the optical system 200
- ( b) is an iso-contrast ratio diagram showing viewing angle characteristics of a general liquid crystal display panel 20B included in the optical system 200.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view showing the configuration of the optical system 100A
- FIG. 1B is an iso-contrast ratio diagram showing the viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display panel 20A included in the optical system 100A. .
- the 1A includes a reflective imaging element 10 and a liquid crystal display panel 20A arranged on the light incident side of the reflective imaging element 10.
- the reflective imaging element 10 has, for example, the configuration shown in FIG. 3, and images an image displayed on the display surface of the liquid crystal display panel 20A at a plane-symmetrical position with the reflective imaging element 10 as a symmetry plane. To do.
- the liquid crystal display panel 20A is disposed so as to be inclined with respect to the surface defined by the reflective imaging element 10 so that the display surface forms an angle of 45 ° to 75 °.
- the optical system 100A can display an image with a floating feeling.
- the viewing angle dependence of the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 20A is adjusted so as to take a center value in a direction inclined by 10 ° or more from the normal line of the display surface to the inclination direction of the display surface, as shown in FIG. ing.
- the optical system 100A can display a floating image with high display quality.
- FIG. 2 shows a configuration of an optical system 100B according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical system 100B shown in FIG. 2 includes a reflective imaging element 10, a liquid crystal display panel 20B disposed on the light incident side of the reflective imaging element 10, and a light guide element 30.
- the reflective imaging element 10 has, for example, the configuration shown in FIG. 3, and images an image displayed on the exit surface of the light guide element 30 at a plane-symmetrical position with the reflective imaging element 10 as a symmetry plane. To do.
- the liquid crystal display panel 20B is disposed so as to be inclined so that the display surface forms an angle of 15 ° or more and 30 ° or less with respect to a surface (for example, parallel to a horizontal plane as illustrated) defined by the reflective imaging element 10.
- a surface for example, parallel to a horizontal plane as illustrated
- the liquid crystal display panel 20B has a viewing angle dependency of the contrast ratio of 0 ° in the normal direction of the display surface or in the tilt direction of the display surface from the normal direction.
- the center value is taken in the direction tilted by less than 10 ° (see FIG. 5B).
- the liquid crystal display panel 20B is a general transmission type TN type liquid crystal display panel, and includes a TN type liquid crystal cell and two polarizing plates arranged in a crossed Nicol state with the liquid crystal cell interposed therebetween. Yes.
- the TN type liquid crystal cell has an amorphous silicon TFT for each pixel, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is about 5 ⁇ m, and has a 90 ° twist alignment by a rubbing alignment film.
- the liquid crystal material is a commercially available nematic liquid crystal material for TN.
- the light guide element 30 is, for example, a fiber plate (also referred to as a fiber face plate), and includes an entrance surface, an exit surface, and a plurality of light guide paths (not shown) formed between the entrance surface and the exit surface. .
- the incident surface of the light guide element 30 is disposed on the reflective imaging element 10 side of the display surface of the liquid crystal display panel 20B, and with respect to a surface defined by the reflective imaging element 10 (for example, parallel to the horizontal plane as shown).
- the emission surface is inclined so as to form an angle of 45 ° to 75 °.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 Before explaining the principle that a floating image can be displayed by the optical systems 100A and 100B of the embodiment, referring to FIGS. 3 to 5, the configuration and operation of the reflective imaging element 10 and the reflection are described. A problem of the optical system 200 of the comparative example having the mold imaging element 10 and the conventional general liquid crystal display panel 20B will be described.
- FIG. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the configuration of the reflective imaging element 10, FIG. 3A is a schematic front view, and FIG. 3B is a diagram of FIG. It is the typical perspective view which expanded the part of C in the inside.
- the reflective imaging element 10 is described in Patent Document 1.
- the reflective imaging element 10 has a large number of holes 12 that penetrate the flat substrate 11 in the thickness direction.
- the shape of the hole 12 when viewed from the normal direction of the substrate 11 is substantially rectangular (substantially square).
- each hole 12 functions as a unit imaging element 13.
- the other two surfaces of the inner wall surface of the hole 12 are not mirror-finished and do not reflect light, or have an angle ⁇ a (for example, 18 °) as shown in FIG. To suppress reflection.
- ⁇ a for example, 18 °
- L1 is about 150 ⁇ m
- L3 is about 10 ⁇ m
- D1 is about 150 ⁇ m
- ⁇ a is about 18 degrees. is there.
- FIG. 5A is a schematic side view showing the configuration of the optical system 200
- FIG. 5B is an iso-contrast ratio diagram showing the viewing angle characteristics of a general liquid crystal display panel 20B that the optical system 200 has. is there.
- FIG. 5B shows an iso-contrast ratio diagram showing the viewing angle characteristics of a general TN liquid crystal display panel 20B. Concentric circles indicate polar angles in the observation direction (angles from the display surface normal). The azimuth angle in the observation direction is 3 o'clock on the right, 9 o'clock on the left, 12 o'clock on the top, and 6 o'clock on the bottom, assuming that the display surface is a clock face.
- CR1 is a region having a contrast ratio of 100: 1
- CR2 is a region having a contrast ratio of 50: 1
- CR3 is a region having a contrast ratio of 10: 1
- CR4 is a gradation inversion region.
- the viewing angle dependence of the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 20B takes the maximum value of the contrast ratio in the normal direction of the display surface, and slightly (less than 10 °) from the normal direction of the display surface in the 6 o'clock direction. It has a center value in the inclined direction. A point where the contrast ratio is 10: 1 or more and the change in the contrast ratio is small regardless of the viewing angle in any direction is referred to as a center value.
- the liquid crystal display panel 20B is a typical TN liquid crystal display panel having a normal viewing angle direction at 6 o'clock. When the viewing angle is tilted in the 6 o'clock direction and the polar angle is about 30 degrees or more (CR4 region), gradation inversion (negative and positive are inverted) occurs.
- the aerial image is at a plane-symmetric position P5 ′ with the reflective imaging element 10 as a symmetry plane. Imaged.
- the liquid crystal display panel 20B has a maximum contrast ratio in the normal direction of the display surface. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5A, the aerial image formed at the position P5 'is observed with the highest contrast ratio when viewed from the viewpoint V5.
- the aerial image formed at the position P4 ′ is contrasted.
- the viewpoint V6 it is necessary to observe from the viewpoint V6. That is, it is necessary to lower the viewpoint from V5 to V6 and to make the angle with respect to the reflective imaging element 10 shallower.
- an observer often observes from a direction perpendicular to the display surface or slightly tilted in the 6 o'clock direction (the liquid crystal display panel 20B is designed so as to have the viewing angle characteristics shown in FIG. 5B).
- the surface defined by the reflective imaging element 10 is a physical surface closest to the observer (which can be regarded as a display surface). Therefore, when the angle with respect to the reflective imaging element 10 is shallow, The observer feels difficult to see.
- an aerial image formed at the position P4 ′ is observed from the viewpoint V5
- the liquid crystal display panel 20B is observed from a viewpoint inclined in the 6 o'clock direction, so that gradation inversion occurs (FIG. 5 ( b) Refer to region CR4 in FIG.
- the position P4 ′ at which the aerial image is imaged is separated from the reflective imaging element 10, so that the aerial image can be viewed from the same viewpoint V5.
- the viewing angle (polar angle) can be reduced.
- the optical system 200 is increased.
- the optical path becomes longer, there is a problem that the sharpness of the aerial image is lowered.
- the optical system 100A shown in FIG. 1A includes the reflective imaging element 10 and the liquid crystal display panel 20A arranged on the light incident side of the reflective imaging element 10 as described above.
- the liquid crystal display panel 20A is disposed so as to be inclined with respect to the surface defined by the reflective imaging element 10 so that the display surface forms an angle of 45 ° to 75 °.
- the viewing angle dependence of the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 20A is tilted by 10 ° or more from the normal to the display surface in the tilt direction of the display surface (here, 6 o'clock viewing angle direction) as shown in FIG. It is adjusted to take the center value in the direction.
- the central value of the viewing angle dependence of the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 20A is approximately 14 ° at the polar angle in the 6 o'clock direction. In the 6 o'clock direction, the contrast ratio is 50 or more (region CR2) until the polar angle is about 36 °.
- the gradation inversion region CR4 does not appear until the polar angle in the 6 o'clock direction is about 60 °.
- the short side of the liquid crystal display panel 20A disposed on the side closer to the reflective imaging element 10 is the lower side of the image to be displayed, and is formed at a position P1 ′ that is plane-symmetric with respect to the reflective imaging element 10.
- the side closer to the reflective imaging element 10 is the lower side.
- the tilt of the liquid crystal display panel 20A As the angle ⁇ 1 is larger, the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the aerial image becomes larger, and an aerial image with a floating feeling can be displayed.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 1 is preferably in the range of 45 ° to 75 °. If it is smaller than 45 °, a sufficient floating feeling cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when it exceeds 75 °, it is difficult to observe the aerial image.
- a liquid crystal display panel 20A having viewing angle characteristics shown in FIG. 1B uses a general TN liquid crystal cell included in the above-described conventional liquid crystal display panel 20B, and an optical compensation film (wide field of view) as follows. Corner film) and lens film. GRP (Gradual Refraction Polarizer, Sharp Technical Bulletin No. 85, pp. 19-23, respectively) between a pair of polarizing plates (crossed Nicol arrangement) arranged so as to sandwich the TN liquid crystal cell and the TN liquid crystal cell, April 2003) Wide viewing angle film (WVA02B: manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.) is placed. Further, a lens film (IDFII20) manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co. is overlaid on the surface on the viewer side.
- GRP Geographical Refraction Polarizer, Sharp Technical Bulletin No. 85, pp. 19-23, respectively
- a wide viewing angle film As a wide viewing angle film, a wide viewing angle film WVA02B having a tilt angle of 21.4 ° and a retardation of 103 nm is used, and a lens film that tilts the peak of emitted light by about 20 ° from the normal direction of the display surface.
- a lens film that tilts the peak of emitted light by about 20 ° from the normal direction of the display surface.
- the light distribution of the display light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 20A takes a maximum value in a direction inclined by 10 ° or more from the normal line of the display surface to the display surface inclination direction (that is, near the central value of the viewing angle characteristic). It is preferable to adjust to. Since the liquid crystal display panel 20A is a transmissive liquid crystal display panel, the light distribution described above can be obtained by adjusting the light distribution of the backlight.
- the backlight has a cold cathode fluorescent tube and various optical sheets, and the light distribution of the backlight is adjusted using a known optical sheet, for example, a lens film (IDFII20) manufactured by Sumitomo 3M. I can do it.
- the above-described TN liquid crystal display panel is preferable.
- a liquid crystal display panel having a wide viewing angle such as a VA (Vertical Alignment) type liquid crystal display panel or an IPS (In-Plane Switching) type liquid crystal display panel can be used, it is more expensive than the TN type.
- the liquid crystal display panel 20A is not required to have a wide viewing angle characteristic, and it is sufficient that the display quality (for example, contrast ratio) is high in a specific direction.
- a modification such as using a backlight having high directivity may be performed so that display light other than a necessary viewing angle does not become stray light. preferable.
- the optical system 100B illustrated in FIG. 2 includes the reflective imaging element 10, the liquid crystal display panel 20B disposed on the light incident side of the reflective imaging element 10, and the light guide element 30. is doing.
- the liquid crystal display panel 20B is disposed so as to be inclined so that the display surface forms an angle of 15 ° or more and 30 ° or less with respect to a surface (for example, parallel to a horizontal plane as illustrated) defined by the reflective imaging element 10. Has been.
- a general TN type liquid crystal display panel can be used as the liquid crystal display panel 20B.
- the viewing angle dependency of the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 20B is more than 0 ° and less than 10 ° from the normal direction of the display surface or from the normal direction to the tilt direction of the display surface.
- the center value is taken in the inclined direction.
- the light guide element 30 is, for example, a fiber plate, and the incident surface of the light guide element 30 is disposed on the reflective imaging element 10 side of the display surface of the liquid crystal display panel 20 ⁇ / b> B and is defined by the reflective imaging element 10.
- the exit surface is arranged so as to be inclined at an angle of 45 ° or more and 75 ° or less.
- the angle formed between the incident surface and the exit surface of the light guide element 30 is, for example, 15 ° to 70 °.
- the fiber plate 30 has a plurality of fibers arranged in parallel to the normal direction of the display surface, and guides light in that direction.
- the incident surface of the light guide element 30 is disposed on the reflective imaging element 10 side of the display surface of the liquid crystal display panel 20B, and the exit surface has an angle of 70 ° with respect to the surface defined by the reflective imaging element 10. It is arranged so as to be inclined.
- the angle ⁇ formed by the incident surface and the exit surface of the light guide element 30 is 40 °.
- Character A is displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 20B arranged at the position P2.
- the short side of the liquid crystal display panel 20B disposed on the side close to the reflective imaging element 10 is the lower side of the displayed image.
- a letter A is displayed at a position P3 on the surface (outgoing surface) of the light guide element 30 on the reflective imaging element 10 side.
- the side closer to the reflective imaging element 10 is the lower side.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 2 + ⁇ is preferably in the range of 45 ° to 75 °. If it is smaller than 45 °, a sufficient floating feeling cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when it exceeds 75 °, it is difficult to observe the aerial image.
- ⁇ 2 and ⁇ preferably satisfy the above range, and ⁇ 2 forms an angle of 15 ° to 30 °. When ⁇ 2 exceeds 30 °, the display quality deteriorates.
- the observer When the aerial image is observed from the viewpoint V4 without the fiber plate 30, the observer is observing the liquid crystal display panel 20B from the normal direction of the display surface. As shown in FIG. 5B, the liquid crystal display panel 20B has a viewing angle characteristic with a high contrast ratio in the vicinity of the center (region CR1), so that an observer observes an aerial image with a high contrast ratio. be able to. However, since the inclination angle ⁇ 2 is as small as 30 °, the floating feeling of the aerial image is poor.
- the normal direction of the display surface of the liquid crystal display panel 20B is provided on the emission surface of the fiber plate 30.
- An image is formed by the light emitted to the. Therefore, the image has a high contrast ratio close to the contrast ratio near the center (region CR1) in FIG.
- the light guide element 30 may be a fiber sheet or a lens sheet such as a prism, and preferably has a performance capable of resolving an image displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 20B.
- a fiber plate having a fiber diameter of 6 ⁇ m and a resolution of 102 lp / mm (lines pare / mm) can be used.
- the liquid crystal display panel 20B and the light guide element 30 are preferably bonded with an adhesive material having a refractive index close to that of the liquid crystal display panel 20B and the light guide element 30 in order to suppress internal reflection.
- the optical system 100B using the light guide element 30 such as a fiber plate in the liquid crystal display panel 20B having such a general viewing angle characteristic can provide a floating feeling.
- a certain image can be displayed with high display quality.
- the inclination of the aerial image is only one-dimensional direction, but is not limited to this, and may be inclined two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally. In any case, it is possible to improve the display quality of the aerial image by obtaining the optimal viewing angle characteristic required for the display panel from the desired display state of the aerial image and using the optimal display panel. .
- the present invention can be widely applied to an optical system having a reflective imaging element capable of forming an image of a projection object in space and a liquid crystal display panel.
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Abstract
Description
11 基板
12 結像素子の穴
13 単位結像素子
14a、14b 単位結像素子の鏡面要素
20A、20B 液晶表示パネル
30 導光素子(ファイバープレート)
100A、100B、200 光学システム
Claims (6)
- 反射型結像素子と、
前記反射型結像素子の光入射側に配置された液晶表示パネルであって、前記反射型結像素子によって規定される面に対して、表示面が45°以上75°以下の角をなすように傾斜させて配置されており、コントラスト比の視角依存性は、前記表示面の法線から前記表示面の傾斜方向に10°以上傾斜した方向において中心値をとる液晶表示パネルと
を備え、
前記液晶表示パネルの前記表示面に表示される映像を、前記反射型結像素子を対称面とする面対称な位置に結像する、光学システム。 - 前記液晶表示パネルから出射される表示光の配光分布は、前記表示面の法線から前記表示面の傾斜方向に10°以上傾斜した方向において最大値をとる、請求項1に記載の光学システム。
- 前記液晶表示パネルはTN型液晶表示パネルである、請求項1または2に記載の光学システム。
- 反射型結像素子と、
前記反射型結像素子の光入射側に配置された液晶表示パネルであって、前記反射型結像素子によって規定される面に対して、表示面が15°以上45°以下の角をなすように傾斜させて配置されており、コントラスト比の視角依存性は、前記表示面の法線方向または前記法線方向から前記表示面の傾斜方向に0°超10°未満傾斜した方向において中心値をとる液晶表示パネルと、
入射面と、出射面と、前記入射面と前記出射面の間に形成された複数の導光路とを有する導光素子であって、前記入射面が前記表示面の前記反射型結像素子側に配置され、前記反射型結像素子によって規定される面に対して、前記出射面が45°以上75°以下の角をなすように傾斜させて配置されている導光素子とを備え、
前記導光素子の前記出射面に表示される映像を、前記反射型結像素子を対称面とする面対称な位置に結像する、光学システム。 - 前記導光素子はファイバープレートである、請求項4に記載の光学システム。
- 前記液晶表示パネルはTN型液晶表示パネルである、請求項4または5に記載の光学システム。
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US20120268640A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
US8905546B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
KR20120071406A (ko) | 2012-07-02 |
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