WO2011051461A1 - Procédé d'impression et machine à imprimer - Google Patents

Procédé d'impression et machine à imprimer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2011051461A1
WO2011051461A1 PCT/EP2010/066496 EP2010066496W WO2011051461A1 WO 2011051461 A1 WO2011051461 A1 WO 2011051461A1 EP 2010066496 W EP2010066496 W EP 2010066496W WO 2011051461 A1 WO2011051461 A1 WO 2011051461A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
printing
image carrier
print image
elastic
surface layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/066496
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Beier
Mounib Mahmoud Khaddour
Jörg Tellenbröker
Achim Siebert
Original Assignee
Weros Technology Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weros Technology Gmbh filed Critical Weros Technology Gmbh
Publication of WO2011051461A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011051461A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/193—Transfer cylinders; Offset cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
    • B41F23/02—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by dampening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F30/00—Devices for attaching coverings or make-ready devices; Guiding devices for coverings
    • B41F30/04—Devices for attaching coverings or make-ready devices; Guiding devices for coverings attaching to transfer cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N10/00—Blankets or like coverings; Coverings for wipers for intaglio printing
    • B41N10/02—Blanket structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
    • B41N2210/02—Top layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N2210/00—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings
    • B41N2210/14—Location or type of the layers in multi-layer blankets or like coverings characterised by macromolecular organic compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method using a printing machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a printing machine for carrying out such a method and printed image carrier and transmission element thereof.
  • a printing medium such as a printing ink is transferred by means of a print image carrier such as a rubber cylinder of an offset printing press or a printing plate of a flexographic printing on a printing material such as a paper or plastic web.
  • the pressure medium and / or the dampening solution can be supplied directly to the print image carrier by means of transfer elements from a Druckstoff- or dampening agent or (especially in the case of the printing means), for example, a pressure image carrier immediately upstream pressure plate, which can generally apply within the scope of the invention.
  • the transmission elements can each be designed as rollers. When printing process then print image carrier and / or the transmission elements each work to form a gap against each other or against other counter-rollers.
  • the print image carrier and / or the transfer element in this case have a surface layer or near-surface layer made of an elastic or generally polymeric material in order to distribute the printing and / or dampening solution in the printing or dampening unit and to suitably condition it.
  • High demands are often placed on the print quality of the printed products produced, and the printing processes are also to be carried out at high speed and with as little maintenance and downtime as possible.
  • the maximum printing speed is significantly influenced by the interactions of the print image carrier with the printing material. At high printing speeds and / or in conjunction with long runs or long periods between the maintenance intervals, changes in the print image carrier during the printing process must also be taken into account.
  • the print quality is significantly influenced by deposits on the print substrate, especially at high print speeds.
  • deposits usually consist of constituents of the printing material, for example paper fibers and other paper components such as paper stock, fillers, etc., and / or constituents of the printing agent, such as solvent-depleted resins, pigments, etc.
  • These deposits can have extremely high toughness and are very difficult to remove.
  • deposits on the non-printing, wetted with dampening areas are in offset printing, eg. Web offset printing, particularly critical, so that after relatively low runs (eg 30,000 copies) the negative build-up on the.
  • Print media has already become so strong that quality printing is no longer possible. It can here in Rasterton vom wall-like deposits around the individual pressure points around, so that the pressure points are no longer contour accurate and quality printed.
  • the amount of ink transferred per pressure point can be reduced so that tonal loss occurs. This can in particular in halftone areas with less than 30% area coverage, which may result in false colors.
  • the printing process In order to ensure the print quality, the printing process must then be interrupted and the print image carrier must be cleaned. Only then can the printing process be continued. However, such downtime is costly and at. the resumption of the printing process is undesirable; Exclusion, apart from the quality fluctuations or quality uncertainties to be accepted.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a printing method and a printing machine for carrying it out, so that even at high printing speeds it is possible to extend the printing intervals with high print quality and to ensure trouble-free operation of the printing method.
  • the printing method is performed such that electric or .. electrostatic charges is derived from the surface of the print image carrier, or their formation is reduced on the print image carrier surface or substantially completely prevented, so that it no longer adversely affect the print quality.
  • electrical or electrostatic charges can be derived in the pressure medium unit and / or the dampening system of the machine by suitable measures and / or their formation is reduced or at least substantially completely prevented, so that they no longer adversely affect the print quality.
  • This can be done by suitable choice of material of the surface layers and / or near-surface layers of the respective transmission elements. This can apply in each case independently of one another for one, several or all of the transfer elements of printing medium unit and / or dampening solution with elastic or polymeric surface or near-surface layer.
  • At least one transmission element this is understood to mean, independently of one another, at least one of several or all transmission elements of the pressure medium work and / or the dampening solution - / dampening unit of the printing press in the printing direction or on all the same relate.
  • the print image carrier and / or at least one of said transmission elements of the pressure medium drive and / or dampening solution work can be configured such that the electrical / electrostatic charges are derived in each case away from the surface "to the interior of the carrier / element out.
  • the surface or near surface Layer of the carrier be designed electrically conductive element.
  • Such transmission elements usually consist of a dimensionally stable core, for example of a metal or a plastic material, on which one or more elastic or polymeric layers, ⁇ optionally. also in combination. with layers containing textile materials: are arranged, and form a reference.
  • the term "cover” is understood here to be independent of the type of application, which can be effected by application from solution
  • the respective transfer element or the print carrier may have such a layer structure, so that electrical charges from the surface layer or near-surface layer to the core of the transfer element and
  • the edging can be, for example, a retaining or mounting rail of a printing blanket, for this purpose the electrical discharge area (which may occur in the case of the present invention) can be removed from the respective surface or cover
  • Rolls or plate-shaped carriers / elements can extend radially or vertically and / or axially or horizontally) have a sufficient electrical conductivity, as described below .
  • the respective surface or near-surface layer is thus preferably with a Electrical electrical grounding device of the respective printing machine connected electrically dissipative.
  • the core or the border of the respective carrier / element can each be part of the electrical discharge, but the discharge can also take place outside of the core or enclosure.
  • electrical charges can be reliably and reproducibly (and, for example, independently of the configuration of the other components of the printing unit such as the respective counter-rollers) derived from the surface of the print image carrier and / or transfer element.
  • the object is surprisingly achieved by the measures according to the features (ii) to (iv).
  • the print image carrier such as the blanket of an offset printing machine or the rubber plate of a flexographic printing machine
  • charges electrostatically during the printing process and surprisingly, these charges have a very large influence. on the reliability of the respective printing process, especially at high. Printing speeds / and especially on the negative build-up in offset printing process have.
  • these electrostatic charges may persist on the surface of the print image carrier for several seconds, for example 10 10-20 seconds, or even for 2-3 minutes or longer, these charges being at least substantially stationary, ie within -not pressing area or are fixed in place.
  • the negative build-up takes place at the non-imaged areas of the print image carrier, which are occupied with dampening solutions during offset printing. It is hereby assumed that such electrostatic charges contribute significantly to the negative structure mitbe summarizede components such as constituents of the paper coating, fillers of the printing metrics such as salts (eg carbonates, sulfates or metal oxides such as titanium dioxide, etc.) but also particles or polarizable constituents of the printing inks as unsaturated or aromatic compounds at the edges of electrostatically charged areas of the print medium carrier store and trim. It is believed that, due to similar principles, these edge-oriented deposits lead to a wall-like negative build-up on the nonprinting areas of the print image carrier, such as edge deposits during the drying of liquid drops on substrate surfaces.
  • the printing metrics such as salts (eg carbonates, sulfates or metal oxides such as titanium dioxide, etc.)
  • particles or polarizable constituents of the printing inks as unsaturated or aromatic compounds
  • the measures according to the invention for carrying out the printing method and / or for forming the printing press can relate to the respectively first printing unit of the printing machine with respect to the printing direction (transport direction of the printing material).
  • the measures according to the invention can be used alternatively or additionally to the following
  • deposits can also build up on other areas of the printing press, for example in areas of a conveyor or the conveyors for printing material such as paper., Carton and. the like, which are subordinate to a given printing unit.
  • the surface of these devices can be designed according to the invention electrically dissipative.
  • the printing process can also be carried out without disruption and with consistently high print quality of the printed products, even at high printing speeds and long printing cycles (ie, a small number of maintenance intervals).
  • the measures according to the invention can be used for degradation or for. Reduction of electrostatic charges on the print image carrier and / or one, several or all of the transmission elements with (organic) elastic / polymeric reference can be provided, wherein the transmission elements according to the invention can be provided independently of each other in the printing means and / or fountain solution.
  • a negative build-up in the region of the nonprinting regions of the print image carrier can be drastically reduced by the measures according to the invention, so that the printing speed can be increased or the printing time can be significantly extended until the next maintenance interval.
  • the printing speed can range from about .5,000 to about 100,000 or about 10,000 to about 70,000 pressure per hour (when using cylindrical print media such as blanket cylinders, one revolution of the cylinder corresponds to one pressure).
  • electrostatic charges on printed image carrier, and / or transfer element are understood to mean, in each case, in particular electrostatic charges, unless otherwise stated in the respective context.
  • Elastic material 1 in the sense of the invention is to be understood in each case in particular as a rubber-elastic material. irrespective of whether the respective material consists of a synthetic, semisynthetic or natural rubber material or another elastic (organic) polymeric material. This rubber material may form the matrix of the respective reference layer of print image carrier or transfer element.
  • the elastic or polymeric material of the surface layer or the near-surface layer may generally have a Shore hardness ⁇ comprise from 25 Shore A to 30 Shore D, beispielswei- se in the range of 25 to 90 Shore A or in the range of 50 to 80 Shore A.
  • the elastic material may for example be selected from one or more materials of the group of natural rubber (NR), ethylene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM, EPM), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber ( NBR, HNBR, XNBR), butyl rubber, polychloroprene rubber, polyurethane rubber (PUR), polyacrylate rubber (ACM), epichlorohydrin rubber, silicone rubber, but not limited thereto.
  • NR natural rubber
  • EPDM ethylene-propylene rubber
  • SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
  • NBR acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber
  • PUR polyurethane rubber
  • ACM
  • the elastomeric cover is usually made of NBR, FKM or. Acrylate rubber, without being limited thereto.
  • the surface or near-surface layer of print carrier and / or transfer element may also consist of a polymeric (organic) material (also referred to as cover material), which is not rubber-elastic due to very little or no crosslinking, for example of polyethylene or one or more other polyolefins including at least partially or completely. halogenated, in particular fluorinated or perfluorinated, polyolefins, or plastics having functional groups such as polyamides, polyesters or the like.
  • the polymers may optionally be thermosetting. Also these materials can according to the invention, in particular electrically dissipative.
  • the material may have a wetting angle to pure water of> 40-50 °, preferably 60-70 ° or ⁇ 80-90 °, simultaneously or alternatively, the wetting angle to diiodomethane may be 20-30 ° or 40-50 °, preferably 1/2 60 - 70 ° (in each case standard conditions NTP).
  • the wetting angle with respect to diiodomethane may generally be less than that with respect to water for the respective materials.
  • the wetting angles can each be carried out by the sessile drop method (for example using devices from Krüss GmbH, Hamburg).
  • the printing method according to the invention can be carried out by the measures described and the printing machine can be configured accordingly that no electrical potentials are present on the surfaces of the print image carrier and / or at least one, several or all of the transmission elements of the printing unit and / or the dampening unit 750- 1,000 volts or preferably ⁇ 400-600 volts build, preferably no potentials or> ⁇ 200-300 volts, more preferably no potentials> 100-150 volts or> 50-75 volts. Enter Falls Surface potentials of ⁇ 0, 01 volts, ⁇ 0.1-0.5 volts or ⁇ 1-2 volts or ⁇ 5-10 volts may be present. Corresponding, may apply to other facilities of the pressure medium and / or dampening solution, for example, the potential of the printing plate.
  • the invention Measures, in particular the. Measures according to the features (i) to (iii) of claim 1 and their further developments, in each case can be used in particular when a pressure medium (eg ink) is used, which has a specific electrical resistance of ⁇ 10 6 to 10 7 ⁇ m or 10 8 to 10 9 ⁇ m or even from ⁇ 10 10 to 10 11 ⁇ m or ⁇ 10 12 to 10 13 ⁇ m, ie an electrically poor or virtually non-conductive pressure medium, but also at a specific electrical resistance of the pressure medium of ⁇ 10 1 to 10 2 Dm or 10 3 to 10 4 ⁇ (the specific resistance. Can generally be determined in the context of the invention according to BGR 132 or DIN IEC 600093).
  • a pressure medium eg ink
  • the printing press and the respective pressure medium and / or dampening solution can be equipped with devices for monitoring, detecting and / or displaying the electrostatic potentials at the respective parts of the printing press.
  • the electrical potentials on the respective surface can be determined by conventional measuring devices, for example by electrostatic voltmeter, preferably in high-speed design, which can detect in particular the potentials without contact.
  • the potential measured values can be recorded in a time-clocked manner, in particular under constant timing, wherein the measured values can be stored electronically in the measuring device or in a computer connected to this signal transmitting device.
  • the measuring speed (measuring time per individual measurement) can be ⁇ 500 ps, ⁇ 200 - 300 s or ⁇ 50 - 100 s, which can apply to potential jumps of up to 1,000 volts.
  • the measuring sensor of the measuring device can generally work according to the shutter principle.
  • the non-contact sensor may be arranged at a suitable distance from the sample surface, for example printed image carrier surface, for example at a distance of 0.5-10 mm or 1-5 mm, for example approximately 2 mm.
  • the lateral limit of resolution of the measuring instrument can be in the range of 1-10 mm, 4-5 mm or 2-3 mm, or possibly 1.5-1 mm, depending on the rotational or translational speed, of the respective Surface a corresponding time resolution or timing is done.
  • the spatially stable electrostatic charges or potentials discussed above may refer to the lateral resolution limit of the measuring device mentioned here.
  • Avoidance and / or discharge of electrical charges on the print image carrier and / or at least one transfer element with elastic or polymeric surface or near-surface layer moistening be provided by means of which the gap between the respective machine part and the respective mating roll is subjected to moisture.
  • the gap between the print image carrier and the printing material can be exposed to moisture.
  • the gap between the print image carrier and the printing plate of an offset printing press can also be specifically exposed to moisture by a moistening device.
  • This humidifying device is in each case different from any dampening solution provided and acts in each case on the gap between said parts of the printing press.
  • the exposure to moisture can be done, for example, by generating a spray.
  • a spray application of the moistening agent directly on the print image carrier or working against this counter roll such.
  • the moistening agent is preferably applied to the incoming, alternatively or additionally in the outgoing gap between the respective machine parts.
  • Humidification can be achieved by means of water, an aqueous solution, or other polar liquid such as an alcohol.
  • the humectant is selected to accelerate the degradation of electrical charges on the print image carrier.
  • the moistening is preferably carried out in such a way that the emulsion behavior of the pressure medium in the fountain solution. the print image carrier, printing cylinder or other facilities.
  • a control device is provided to regulate or control the moistening of the respective gap, wherein a moistening agent sensor may be provided in the gap region, which measures the concentration of moistening agent in the atmosphere in the region of the gap (eg absolute or relative humidity, possibly with temperature) and depending on the measured value and a predetermined setpoint humidifier can automatically bring into the gap area.
  • a moistening agent sensor may be provided in the gap region, which measures the concentration of moistening agent in the atmosphere in the region of the gap (eg absolute or relative humidity, possibly with temperature) and depending on the measured value and a predetermined setpoint humidifier can automatically bring into the gap area.
  • the humidity in the region of the respective gap can thus be changed or set by the humidifying device.
  • the moistening can in each case take place in such a way that electrostatic potentials on the respective surface of printed image carrier,.
  • the moistening can generally be carried out by an automatic control or regulating circuit, whereby an upper threshold value of the moistening agent admission (for example with respect to quantity of moistening agent supplied per unit time or with respect to the moistening agent concentration of the atmosphere in the gap area) can be predetermined, its reaching preferably automatically by means of a suitable device is displayed.
  • the surface of the transmission element or the pressure image carrier or a near-surface layer of the same forming elastic or polymeric material may have a resistivity of ⁇ 10 10 to 10 11 Qm. At a resistivity of 10 10 ⁇ m, the respective layer is. electrically dissipative, so. that no ' larger' electrostatic potentials can be built up on this layer and that electric charges can be generated in the. Comparison . are derived relatively quickly to electrically insulating polymers.
  • the surface layer or near-surface layer is preferably set in such a way that the specific electrical resistance is 10 8 to 10 9 ⁇ m or ⁇ 10 7 ⁇ m. This can be achieved by suitable, electrically conductive components, such as described below, which are contained in sufficient levels in the respective layer.
  • the elastic or polymeric material which forms the surface layer or a near-surface layer of print image carrier or the respective transfer element a resistivity of ⁇ 10 5 Qm, for example ⁇ 10 4 to 10 5 Qm or ⁇ 10 2 to 10 3 Qm, optionally also ⁇ 1 or 0.1 square meters.
  • the specific resistance p has the unit of measure ⁇ m 2 / m or more simply ⁇ m.
  • the cross section is generally not considered.
  • the resistance between two at a distance of 1 m attached to the surface of the blanket probes applies.
  • the surface resistivity p 0 has the unit of measure ⁇ / m. It is understood that from the information of the resistivity within the scope of the invention, a corresponding specific surface resistance of the respective materials used according to the invention, in particular the elastomeric / polymeric cover materials results.
  • the respective electrical resistivity can be achieved by suitable compositions of the respective elastic or polymeric material, for example by the components described below.
  • near-surface layer in the sense of the invention is understood to mean a layer which is sufficiently close to the surface of the respective printing machine component (ie print image carrier or transfer element) to allow a sufficiently fast dissipation of electrical charges or a sufficiently low surface potential of print image carrier or transfer element allow, so that not undesirably high electrical potentials arise on the surface of the respective printing machine component, as described above. It is self-evident that above the electrically dissipative layer it is optionally also possible to arrange a cover layer of very small layer thickness in order to modify the surface properties of the respective printing machine component, provided that this still allows electrical discharge of electrostatic surface charges.
  • the electrically dissipative near-surface layer is preferably 10 10 ⁇ m, preferably -5 .5-7 ⁇ or 33-4 ⁇ or 11-2 ⁇ , particularly preferably 0, 5-0, 75 ⁇ or 0,10.1-0, 25 ⁇ or most, preferably or ⁇ 0, 05 - -0, 075 microns from the surface. removed the respective printing machine component. It is understood that the thickness of the cover layer depends on the electrical properties in order to allow sufficient electrical discharge.
  • the cover layer may consist of or contain halogenated or fluorinated polymers, optionally the cover layer does not contain any halogenated or fluorinated polymers.
  • the cover layer preferably has.
  • the surface or near-surface layer of the respective printing machine component such as the print image carrier and / or the transmission element with the zero potential of the printing machine electrically dissipative or electrically conductively connected (or another reliable low electrical potential).
  • this derivation is effected by or via the respective printing machine component, that is in each case from the surface radially or vertically inwards, so that the electrical discharge is ensured in each case independently of the respective counter-roller.
  • the electrical discharge can then take place, for example, via the core or the shaft or a carrier plate of the respective printing machine component or the middle, mechanically stabilized region of a blanket, if these are each part of the conductivity path.
  • the mechanical stabilization of the The middle region of the blanket may consist, for example, of fibrous, textile or film-like intermediate layers, including metal and / or carbon fibers.
  • the layer structure of the respective printing machine component is then to be selected accordingly in each case in order to ensure a continuous electrical conductivity path from the surface to the electrical discharge point of the respective component. In between arranged. Insulating layers are therefore to be avoided.
  • An electrical discharge of the printing machine component can take place in that over the layer structure of the same in the radial and / or axial direction, a continuous electrical conduction path with the above specified electrical resistance up to the grounding element or ground terminal of the respective component.
  • the earthing can be effected in each case via the roller core of the respective component or a carrier plate of the same, which can each consist, for example, of a metallic material.
  • the electrical discharge can be carried out substantially parallel to the surface, for example, arranged laterally on the print carrier fastening elements such as retaining rails.
  • the electrical discharge from the surface to the respective grounding element or terminal of the component can be carried out by arranged within the component electrical Ableitemia, for example in the form of electrically conductive fibers, such as metal fibers, conductive carbon fibers, semiconductor fibers or the like.
  • These fibers can be designed to be continuous as such in the radial and / or axial and / or circumferential direction of the respective component, for example also in the form of fabrics, rovings or fiber networks, which in the case of a roll can extend or extend completely around them , In the case of the plate-shaped component extending over the entire base surface and may be formed, for example, as a sheet.
  • the respective fibers can extend over the entire extent of the respective component, for example, its entire length, circumferential extent or width continuously.
  • fibers can also be used, so that the continuous electrical conductivity path via fiber-fiber contacts., followeded, or the fiber distance is at least so small dimensioned that the invention.
  • the respective electrical dissipative or conductive elastic or polymeric material may be continuously formed from the surface of the respective component to the electrical discharge point or ground terminal 1 of the component.
  • the conductivity path from the surface to the electrical discharge point of each printed image carrier or transfer element can thus be designed in each case such that it has a specific electrical resistance of 10 10 to 10 11 ⁇ m, preferably 10 8 to 10 9 ⁇ m or ⁇ 10 7 ⁇ m , particularly preferably of ⁇ 10 6 Qm, for example ⁇ 10 4 to 10 5 Qm or ⁇ 10 2 to 10 3 Qm, optionally also ⁇ 1 or 0.1 Qm, in particular also ⁇ 1CT 2 to IGT 3 Qm.
  • This can also apply to the conductivity path up to the grounding point of the printing press.
  • the specific electrical resistance 10 10 10 ⁇ m the path is electrically conductive, which is advantageous.
  • the specific electrical resistance of the conduction path from the surface to the Ableit Vietnamese of print image carrier or transfer member may ⁇ 10 ⁇ from 5 to IGT 4 Qm or> IGT 3 bis 10 "2 ⁇ .
  • the elastic or polymeric material on its surface can
  • the antistatic agent (s) may be superficially applied to the respective component (eg by spraying or dipping method) and / or in the surface layer, if appropriate also in a more radially inward direction Layers, the elastic or polymeric material incorporated.
  • the antistatic agent of the cover and / or the pressure medium and / or the printing material may in particular be a non-conductive antistatic agent, for example N-, P- and / or .
  • S- containing antistatic agents may be used, for example one or more from the group Alkyl phosphates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfonates, quartenary bases, betaines or quaternary ammonium compounds, amines, imides, acid amides.
  • one or more antistatic agents from the group of alkyl phosphates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfonates can be used.
  • one or more antistatics from the group of quaternary bases, betaines or quaternary ammonium compounds can be used.
  • one or more antistatic agents from the group of amines, imides, acid amides can be used.
  • antistatics are readily incorporated into the polymeric or elastomeric cover material and have been found to provide durable antistatic finish of the print image transfer member under the printing conditions.
  • the organic radicals of the alkyl phosphates, alkyl sulfonates or ammonium compounds can be alkyl chains, for example as C4-C40, C5-C30 or C10-C30 groups or preferably C8-C25 or C12-C20 groups, each independently of one another also each or may have multiple hydroxy groups.
  • Ammonium compounds can be used with (1) N- (3-alkylamidoalkyl) -N, N-dialkyl-methyl-N- (2-hydroxyalkyl-1-ethyl) -ammonium cations (wherein alkyl C4-C40, C5 -C30 or C10-C30 groups or preferably C8-C25 or C12-C20 groups and / or independently of one another alkyl, alkyl and alkyl, a C1-C6-, or C1- -C4 or C1- or C2- alkyl group, for example ⁇ N ⁇ (3-stearaamidopropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N- (2-hydroxyethyl) -ammonium cations and / or (2) with N- (3-Alkyloxy-2-hydroxyalkyl ') -N-alkyl''- N, N-bis (2-hydroxyalkyl''') - ammonium cations, where alkyl
  • each R is an alkyl radical, for example a C1-C6-, or C1-C4 or Cl- or C2 ⁇ - alkyl group or a C4-C40, C5-C30 or C10-C30 group or preferably C8-C25 or C12 - to C20 group to allow both a good electrical conduction and a good incorporation into the polymeric cover material.
  • the cations of the alkyl phosphates or alkyl sulfonates may each be alkali metals, especially Na, or ammonium compounds or other cations, including organic cations.
  • the antistatic agents can each be ionogenic compounds, for example metal salts, for example with organic anions, in particular paraffin sulfonates, alkyl phosphates or (for example mixed or in each case) alkoxy / polyethoxyethyl phosphates and the like.
  • Non-ionogenic and / or amphoteric compounds may also be used in each case.
  • betaines and / or fatty acid esters eg alcohol component: polyalcohols such as glycerol, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol, ester component: fatty acids, eg C6 to C40 or C8 to C30 fatty acids, eg C12 to C25 fatty acids
  • polyhydric alcohols and their ethers such as polyethylene glycols, ethoxylates of fatty alcohols, fatty acids and alkylphenols or the like.
  • electrically conductive components can be used as antistatic agents.
  • Cellulosic printing materials such as paper, may in particular contain nonionic and / or amphoteric antistatic agents, for example.
  • Pressure agents may contain as antistatic agents in particular alkyl phosphates and / or alkyl sulfonates and / or alkyl sulfonates and / or quaternary bases and / or betaines and / or quaternary ammonium compounds and / or amines and / or imides and / or acid amides, for example quaternary ammonium compounds.
  • antistatic agents in particular alkyl phosphates and / or alkyl sulfonates and / or alkyl sulfonates and / or quaternary bases and / or betaines and / or quaternary ammonium compounds and / or amines and / or imides and / or acid amides, for example quaternary ammonium compounds.
  • the elastic or polymeric material on its surface or near-surface layer on electrically conductive components, preferably in such a content that a specific electrical resistance of ⁇ 10 11 - 10 10 Qm or ⁇ 10 6 - 10 8 Gm or> 10 " 4 - 10 "3 SQM or> 0.01 - 1 SQM (or as specified further above).
  • metals, semiconductors, electrically conductive carbon blacks, graphite, carbon nanomaterials or electrically conductive carbon fibers may be used as electrically conductive constituents in the elastic or polymeric material used (according to the invention, not any carbon blacks or carbon fibers are used, but those which cause a sufficiently high electrical conductivity of the elastomeric / polymeric cover material).
  • the electrically conductive components can. in particulate form, preferably in non-isometric form, eg. in the form of platy or elongated particles and / or in ⁇ . Fiber form present.
  • the electrically conductive carbon black and carbon fibers may each independently have a specific electrical resistance of less than lxlO "" 4 Gm or preferably less than 5xl0 ⁇ 5 Qm comprise, for example, within the range of lxlO -4 to 5xl0 ⁇ 6 Qm or in the range of l- 5xl0 ⁇ 5 square meters, including about 3 xlO -5 sqm.
  • nanomaterials have, on the one hand, a particularly high electrical conductivity and, as a result, are also present in relatively small proportions by volume in the elastic / polymeric material.
  • carbon nanofibers and / or Kohlenstoffnanotubes can be used, which may each belong to the group of fullerenes.
  • the nanofibers can reach diameters of up to 500-1,000 nm, for example 100-200 nm, and have a length of .about.0.05-0.1 mm, preferably .about.2.2-0.5 mm or 1-2 mm. preferably not shorter than 0.1 ⁇ m or as 1-10 ⁇ m.
  • nanofibers can be used, for example platelet fibers, herringbone fibers or in the form of screws.
  • the carbon nanotubes can be used in the form of single-walled nanotubes or multi-walled nanotubes.
  • the nanotubes may, for example, have an outer diameter of up to 250 or 500 nm, for example 100-200 nm in the case of multi-walled nanotubes, or a diameter of .about.5-10 nm, for example .about.1.5.5 nm, without each case to be limited to this.
  • Carbon nanomaterials here are also understood as meaning modified materials, for example by functional groups connected to the fiber or tube surfaces, inclusion compounds, where in the Ser- or tube cavity metals or other components may be incorporated.
  • the carbon nanomaterials may also be substituted by heteroatoms whose content is preferably ⁇ 10 -20 at.% Or ⁇ 2 -5 at.% Or ⁇ 1 at.%. It has been found that such nanomaterials in . the elastic / polymeric coatings.
  • the respective component or the pressure medium are particularly advantageous integrable and the volume and / or surface properties of materials such as tensile strength, elasticity, surface tension, wettability, dynamic properties, ' solvent resistance,' wetting behavior against dampening solution and / or pressure medium favorably influence and process technology are particularly well integrated into these materials.
  • these nanomaterials must be used only in relatively small proportions by weight in the respective material.
  • electrically conductive carbon fibers may also be used, or optionally other organic, electrically conductive polymer fibers.
  • the carbon fibers may have a thickness in the range of 1-25 ⁇ or 5-10 ⁇ , without being limited thereto.
  • the carbon fibers may have an electrical resistivity of ⁇ lxlO "4 - 5 x 10 ⁇ 4 Qm, preferably ⁇ lxlO -5 - 5 x 10" 5 have Qm, for example in the range of 5xl0 ⁇ 5 Qm to lxlO -6 Qm or lxlO - 5 Qm to 5xl0 -6 Qm.
  • an electrically conductive constituent of the elastomeric / polymeric material having a specific electrical conductivity of from 1 ⁇ 10 -2 to 10 ⁇ 10 -3 mol or 1 ⁇ 10 -4 to 5 ⁇ 10 -4 mol can be used, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -5 to 5 ⁇ 10 -5 or ⁇ lxlO "6 to 5xl0 ⁇ 6 sq. m.
  • the specific electrical conductivity of the constituent > lxlO "7 to 5xl0 " 7 Qm or lxlO "6 to 5xl0 " 6 Qm. This applies, for example, to carbon nanomaterials.
  • higher specific conductivity components need only be used at lower levels to achieve the desired conductivity of the particular elastomeric / polymeric material but they are then rather metallic and less compatible with the polymeric / elastomeric material than e.g.
  • semiconducting materials such as graphite or carbon nanomaterials, which then also influences the surface properties and thus also the printing properties of the reference material. (eg wetting properties, hardness, solvent resistance, elasticity, etc.).
  • Ingredients. with the above-mentioned conductivities or resistivities have therefore proved to be optimal.
  • the electrically conductive components are generally preferably not crosslinking activators. with respect to the polymeric cover material.
  • the electrically conductive constituents are preferably generally contained in a content in the cover material, so that the particles of these constituents touch, or almost touch, in the matrix of the cover material, and thereby, for example, contact one another.
  • the distance between the particles is at least so small that the contact resistance between the particles is not more than 10 3 to 10 2 or the factor 10 is greater than the resistance within the particles, which can be traced in the percolation theory ,
  • the electrically conductive constituents and / or the antistatic agents can each independently of one another be present in a content of 0.05-25 wt.%, Preferably 0.1-20 wt.% Or 0.25-10 wt.
  • 0.5 to 5 wt .-% may be contained in the elastic / polymeric material, for example in a content of ⁇ 0.1 to 0.2 wt .-% or ⁇ 0.5 to 1 wt .-%.
  • the electrically conductive constituents may generally be present in a content of> 10-20% by weight or> 30-40% by weight, for example up to 50-60% by weight, in the elastic / polymeric material, without to be limited to this. It is understood that the content is dependent on the specific electrical conductivity of the respective material in order to achieve the desired electrical resistivity of the respective material.
  • material may be provided on the surface with electrically conductive components.
  • electrically conductive components For this purpose, superficially metal particles or. Metal atoms can be applied, for example, by vapor deposition, spraying, etc.
  • the metal atoms can significantly increase the electrical conductivity of the surface, even if this is not a continuous layer or island-only. Train structures, if these. a sufficiently small distance from each other. exhibit.
  • the metal atoms may also be continuous, e.g. monoatomic layer or layers with few atomic layers which do not adversely affect the surface properties of the respective printing machine component (e.g., 1-5 or 1-2), or at least form continuous conductive paths on the surface.
  • other electrically conductive materials such as semiconductors can be used in each case.
  • the object can be achieved by using a printing medium (for example printing ink) and / or printing material which contains an electrical charge at least dissipating component and / or at least one antistatic agent.
  • the pressure medium and / or the Bechristungsmaterial can hereby be adjusted such by means of the electrostatic dissipative component that this see a specific electrical resistance of ⁇ 10 12 Gm or ⁇ 10 10 to 10 11 Qm, preferably 10 8 to 10 9 Qm or ⁇ 10 6 to 10 7 Qm, more preferably ⁇ 10 4 to 10 5 Qm or ⁇ 10 2 to 10 3 Qm, optionally also ⁇ 1 or 0.1 Qm.
  • the printing medium and / or the printing material can be antistatically equipped by the presence of suitable amounts of antistatic agents. If necessary, the specific electrical resistance of the pressure means and / or the Bechristungsmaterialien ⁇ 1CT 2 to 10 "3 Gm Gm ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ or 0.1 to 1 Gm, 10 ⁇ -. 100 Gm 'or even 10 ⁇ 3 to 10 Gm, optionally also 10 ⁇ 5 be up to 10 or 6 Gm>. 10 7 to 10 8 Gm.
  • This relates in particular to color print and / or Bechristungsmaterial in which the pigments are predominantly or exclusively organic color pigments, so ⁇ 50-60 wt .-% or 70- 80% by weight or preferably 90-95% by weight of organic pigments based on the total pigment content of the printing agent and / or the printing material
  • organic color pigments are preferably colored pigments, including, if appropriate, exclusively black organic pigments.
  • the printing media may also contain electrically conductive carbon black in order to set the desired electrical properties contain no inorganic and metallic pigments, optionally - ⁇ 40-50% wt .-% or ⁇ 20-30 wt .-% or preferably ⁇ 5-10 wt .-% or ⁇ 1-3 wt .-% inorganic and / or or metallic pigments such as white pigments (metallic constituents are not understood here as inorganic pigments).
  • the specific electrical resistance of the surface of the print image carrier or the transmission element. may be smaller than that of the printing medium and / or printing material.
  • the electrically conductive constituents and / or the at least one antistatic agent may each independently be present in a proportion of 0.05-15% by weight, preferably 0.1-10% by weight or 0.25-5% by weight. -% be contained in the printing medium and / or printing material, for example in a content of ⁇ 0.1 - 0.2 wt .-% or> 0.5 - 1 wt .-% or ⁇ 2-3 wt .-%. Regardless of this, the electrically conductive constituents can generally be present in a content of from 10 to 20% by weight or from 30 to 40% by weight, for example up to 50 to 60% by weight, in the pressure medium and / or printing material, without being limited thereto.
  • the contents given may refer to the content of cellulose or on the paper coating. It is understood that the content depends on the specific electrical conductivity. Of the respective component in order to achieve the desired electrical resistivity of the respective pressure medium / material.
  • electrically dissipative. components are used, which does not match the hue of the respective printing medium and / or printing material. or only insignificant change.
  • black printing means in addition to conventional colorants such as (at least substantially) non-conductive carbon black, it is also possible to use electrically conductive carbon black, graphite or the like in order to achieve the required conductivity.
  • the components called overall below 'in the pressure medium and / or Bedruckungsmaterial may be included, which are also referred to with respect to the elastic or polymeric material by printing carrier or transfer member, is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • non-conductive antistatics such as N-, S-, P-containing compounds, in particular ammonium compounds, alkyl phosphates, sulfonates and the like, as specified below.
  • the printing medium and / or printing material may also comprise semiconducting organic or inorganic components, such as semiconducting materials such as, for example, silicon, germanium, hetero-semiconductors (mixed semiconductors) or the like.
  • colored electrically dissipating components are used in the pressure medium and / or printing material, for example electrically conductive or dissipative inorganic compounds such as transition metal compounds, then further ones may optionally be used.
  • Components with a complementary color in the printing medium and / or printing material are used to achieve the desired hue, when the electrically (ab) conductive inorganic nischen compounds have a natural color.
  • the pressure medium used according to the invention and / or Bechristungsmaterial having no coloring metal components can be electrically conductive components from the group of electrically conductive carbon blacks, ⁇ graphite, semiconductors, including transition metal compounds which have and / or antistatic agents.
  • the printing media used according to the invention can be solvent-based (for example with a solvent content of 10-20% by weight or 30-40% by weight), water-based or, in particular in the case of flexographic printing, UV-curing printing agents preferably solvent-free or have a solvent content (organic solvent) of - ⁇ 5-10 wt .-% or ⁇ 1-3 wt .-% (wt .-% in each case based on the total weight of the pressure medium).
  • the printing material can be painted after printing to increase the gloss of the printed product.
  • the printing material in the context of the invention may be an organic, that is not electrically conductive material, such as a KunststoffStoffmaterial, z. Of a polyolefin (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene), or the like, or a cellulosic material such as paper, paperboard, cardboard, or the like. It has been found that by using the printing material according to the invention also increases the print quality, in particular reduced negative build-up, and the pressure intervals can be extended. This is attributed to the fact that apparently electrostatic charges are dissipated from the print image carrier on the printing material and so a negative structure on the print image carrier (eg blanket) can be reduced.
  • a negative structure on the print image carrier eg blanket
  • the printing material used is not electrically dissipative or not antistatic, it can, as described above, be used as organic, non-conductive material, in particular plastic material.
  • material or cellulosic material which may consist of more than 15-20% by weight or more than 30-50% by weight of cellulose and / or other wood constituents).
  • the printing material may be designed, in particular, as a roller track, for example for mass printing, wherein the rollers engage. May have a weight of 0.1 to 20 t or 0, 5 to 5 t.
  • the inventive method has been found to be particularly advantageous when the print image carrier or a working against the print image carrier roller is used.
  • the imaged areas are provided with pressure medium and the non-imaged areas with dampening solution.
  • the moisture films are formed relatively thin in the non-imaged areas, the layer thickness of -5 0.5-1 ⁇ , or ⁇ 0.1-0, This leads, taking into account the surface roughness of the print image carrier (eg rubber blanket), to the fact that the dampening agent layer in the respective non-printing area is not a continuous moisture layer, which leads to increased electrostatic charges of the print image carrier in the particular printing process Measures become particularly relevant.
  • the radial thickness of the cover of elastomeric or polymeric material may be in the range of about 0.01 mm to about 100 with respect to a layer containing electrically conductive components and / or antistatics, or with respect to the total thickness of the cover mm or more, for example 0.1 to 75 mm or 0.2 or 0.5 to 50 mm, preferably it is greater than about 1 mm or greater than about 5 mm, for example in the range of 5 to 15 or up to 20 mm, which may apply in particular to rolls.
  • the thickness of the same ie the thickness of the elastomeric cover including the fabric insert, in particular in the range of about 0.5 to about 20mm or 0.75 to about 10mm, in particular in the range of about 1 or 1.5 to about 5mm, for example in the range of about 1.5 to about 2.2mm.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out as an offset printing method, wherein the print image carrier .. is usually the blanket or the blanket cylinder ..
  • the printing process according to the invention can also be carried out as a flexographic printing process, with a flexographic printing machine designed according to the invention.
  • flexographic printing a rubber plate provided with relief-like structures is used as a pressure medium carrier, wherein the raised areas of the same absorb pressure medium and transfer it to the printing material.
  • pressure medium carrier a rubber plate provided with relief-like structures
  • variously strong electrostatic discharges are found, which can even lead to an ignition of volatile components of pressure medium and / or dampening solution such as alcohols, etc. This leads to downtime and can lead to damage of the print image carrier or the printing press as a whole.
  • the method according to the invention can be used, in particular, to print halftone areas which are partially or completely composed of a plurality of individual isolated halftone dots, the isolated halftone dots accepting printing means, or alphanumeric characters or other isolated or punctiform characters which are separated from each other by boundary edges and together the printing picture revealed.
  • the individual halftone dots or alphanumeric characters are thus spaced apart from one another in the print image plane and are preferably not connected to one another.
  • the process can be used as a multicolor printing process (In particular, four-color printing process) may be formed, wherein the halftone toner surfaces may each relate to a single color tone surface (surface of a printing ink).
  • the entire print image can be composed of halftone clay surfaces.
  • the manufactured product may in particular be an information carrier or a part thereof, which can convey textual and / or visual information which can be perceived by mere visual inspection.
  • the method according to the invention is used for printing other printed products than electrical circuits or circuit elements or parts thereof.
  • the invention relates to a print image carrier or a transfer element of a printing press for carrying out the method, in particular an offset printing machine or flexographic printing press.
  • the image transfer printer can thus be designed according to the invention in an offset printing process as a blanket or in a flexographic printing process as a printing plate.
  • at least one, several or all of the transfer elements of the printing means and / or dampening solution can be designed independently of one another according to the invention.
  • the printing machine designed according to the invention can be a dampening solution offset printing machine with fountain solution or a printing machine for waterless offset printing.
  • the same can apply to the printing process.
  • the measures according to the invention are also loose offset printing and flexographic printing due to the avoidance of electrostatic charges of the blanket or the printing plate, which transmits the printing medium directly on the Bevikungs- material, the print quality can be improved, for example, with respect to the edge accurate execution of the pressure points over a comparatively twice as long pressure interval without need , the cleaning.
  • the printing process may be a web offset printing process. '
  • FIG. 1 a schematic view of a printing machine with inventive transfer element (roller) and
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an inventive
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an inventive
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an inventive
  • FIG. 1 shows a printing machine 1, which has a printing medium unit 12 and, not necessarily, a fountain solution unit 11, which supply printing medium or dampening solution to the printing cylinder 20 provided with the print image carrier.
  • the printing means is transferred by means of the printing cylinder 20, here in the form of a blanket or blanket cylinder, to a printing material 13 such as a paper web.
  • the printing machine according to the invention can generally be designed as sheet-fed or web-fed printing press.
  • Pressure medium unit 12 and dampening unit 11 each have transmission elements 17, 26 for the pressure medium or fountain solution, which have on a structurally stable core a cover made of a polymeric or an elastic material such as a rubber or rubber.
  • These transfer rollers 17 of the printing medium unit 12 (FIG.
  • dampening solution 11 work against so-called distributor rollers 30 as counter-rollers, which have a hard, non-elastic surface, for example of a metal or a ceramic material, if appropriate also made. a polymeric plastic material such as a polyamide, polyester,. Polyolefin or the like.
  • a gap is formed in each case, namely an incoming gap and an outgoing gap with respect to the rotational direction of the two rollers. The same applies to the formation of a gap between printing medium carrier and printing material.
  • a signed plate cylinder 18 which has hydrophilic areas which are wettable by the fountain solution and hydrophobic areas which can be wetted by the printing medium, so that a printed image is produced by the arrangement of the hydrophobic areas.
  • the printed image is transferred from the plate cylinder 18 to the cylinder 20 provided with the print image carrier (blanket) and directly onto the printing material 13.
  • the printing material 13 can be performed between the blanket cylinder 20 and a counter-pressure cylinder 21, which can abut the material 13 on both sides.
  • a second blanket cylinder 21 may be provided instead of the impression cylinder in order to print the underside of the printing material according to FIG. It is understood that the second blanket cylinder 21 then another inking unit and optionally a further dampening solution can be assigned. If necessary, dyeing and dampening agent units can also be made in combination, so that a colorant-dampening solution emulsion is fed to the plate cylinder 18.
  • the intermediate plate cylinder 18 is then absent and mostly the fountain solution and the pressure medium Tel is transmitted directly from the transfer rollers of the printing unit to the print image carrier formed as a flexographic printing plate, which is arranged on the cylinder 20, and from this directly to the Betigungsmaterial.
  • Print image carrier eg blanket or flexographic printing plate
  • Print image carrier can, according to the invention be executed, for example, according to the embodiments of Figures 2 to 4. In particular, this applies to the transmission elements of the printing mechanism.
  • the respective print image carrier 5 in the form of the blanket or the flexographic printing plate is arranged ( Figure 2). As shown in FIGS.
  • the transfer element 1, shown here as a roller, and / or the print image carrier 5 may have an elastic or polymeric coating, for example in the form of a cover 3,7, which (r ) can each consist of several layers, wherein the uppermost layer forms a surface 3a, 7a of the respective component (FIGS. 2a, 3a).
  • the roll may be a pressure-medium transfer roll or dampening solution transfer roll, in particular each of an offset printing press.
  • the roller 1 has a core 2 made of a dimensionally stable material such as a hard plastic or metal.
  • the elastic or polymeric material 3, 7 of the respective printing machine component which provides the surface 3a, 7a of the respective printing machine component, according to the invention, a specific electrical resistance of see 10 10 to 10 11 Qm, whereby This layer is electrically conductive, or better ⁇ 10 4 to 10 6 Qm or ⁇ 10 2 Qm or ⁇ 1 Qm, for example, about 5-10 "2 Qm.
  • Local electrostatic charges can thereby be substantially reduced or virtually completely avoided This can be achieved by a suitable content of electrically conductive components 3b, 7b of the elastic material be, for example, by a content of 1-15 wt .-% or 2-10 wt .-% of carbon nanomaterials or other elec tric conductive materials.
  • Carbon nanomaterials or highly conductive carbon black are particularly preferred since they have a high electrical conductivity and can be incorporated well into the elastic material and do not entail any printing-technical disadvantages.
  • These constituents or materials are preferably distributed over the entire layer thickness of the cover, with multilayer covering preferably in all layers, in each case at least up to an electrical lead 200, the lead preferably for discharging charges from printed image carrier or the transfer element with the Zero potential of the printing press or another sufficiently low potential is electrically conductively connected.
  • a blanket as a print image carrier, this can have a middle fabric layer 6, which is coated in a suitable thickness, for example about 2 mm, with a cover 7 made of elastomeric material such as, for example, a rubber.
  • the cover can have a hardness of about 60 Shore A.
  • the opposite lateral edges can be provided with suitable fastening rails or the rubber blanket. be glued to a plate.
  • the roll cover may consist of a suitable elastomeric material, for example a rubber, in particular in a pressure-medium transfer roll.
  • the cover can also generally consist of a polymeric material which has little or virtually no elastic properties, for example non-crosslinked, for example linear, polymers, for example a polyolefin, a polyamide, etc. Cover may have a radial thickness of about 5 mm and a hardness of about 75 Shore A.
  • Figure 4 shows a flexographic printing plate 5 as a printed image carrier, wherein the polymeric material which provides the plate surface, on. a pad 6 may be attached.
  • the polymeric material may here be non-elastic, such as a polyacrylate.
  • the flexographic printing plate has -. on their surface raised areas 7e on which transfer pressure medium, and between them recessed areas that do not transfer pressure medium.
  • the printed image carrier or the transfer element in the region of its surface 3a, .7a can also be provided with an antistatic agent 3c, 7c, for example a sulfonate and / or an ammonium compound, in order to prevent electrostatic charges.
  • an antistatic agent 3c, 7c for example a sulfonate and / or an ammonium compound, in order to prevent electrostatic charges.
  • the Anitstatikum can each be incorporated into the material of the cover or the coating 3, 7 and / or applied superficially to the respective printing machine component.
  • the content of the antistatic agent in the material may be, for example, 0.1 to 1% by weight.
  • the surface of the print image carrier or of the transfer element can also be vapor-deposited with an electrically dissipative material, for example a metal.
  • the surface 3a, 7a of the cover or the coating which is electrically (ab) conductive and / or antistatic, may be provided with a further cover layer 4, 8 for the surface modification of print image carrier or transfer element (see FIG. 3b), for example in order to adjust the hydrophobicity of the surface (if this covering layer is also electrically (ab) conductive and / or antistatic, then it is considered to be part of a multi-layered cover whose thickness can then assume any desired values).
  • the cover layer is not electrically (ab) conductive and / or antistatic, then it preferably has only a very small thickness in order to prevent the (ab) conductive and / or antistatic formation of the cover arranged thereunder and thus the charge current. Transport away from the surface not significantly affect.
  • the cover layer may for example have a thickness of 0.05-0.1 pm.
  • the electrically (ab) conductive or antistatic cover then forms a near-surface layer.
  • the reference 3, 7 of the printing machine component as. .B. of the print image carrier or of the transfer element have a layer which contains electrically conductive fibers 3d, 7d, which preferably form a continuous electrical conductivity path over the circumference or lateral extent and / or the axial extent of print image carrier or transfer element.
  • the fibers may in this case be formed continuously in the respective direction of the respective component, optionally the fiber density may also be so high that adjacent fibers contact each other electrically and thereby form an electrical conductivity path over a plurality of fibers or over the entire dimension of the respective component.
  • the respective layer can have a specific electrical resistance of 10 10 9 to 10 10 ⁇ m, ⁇ 10 6 to 10 7 ⁇ m or ⁇ 10 2 to 10 3 ⁇ m, as already specified.
  • the fibers may be, for example, metal fibers, fibers of a semiconductor material and / or electrically conductive carbon fibers.
  • the term "metal” is in the context of the invention, such understood that comprise at 295 Kelvin an electrical resistivity of 10 ⁇ "6 Qm, semiconductive materials of ⁇ 10 10 Qm, preferably 10 ⁇ 6 Qm.
  • These fibers may be part of a carrier element of the respective component, for example, part of a tensile forces receiving layer or intermediate layer 6 of the blanket / flexographic printing plate, such as a textile layer, or be arranged adjacent thereto.
  • the cover or the coating of printing image carrier or transfer element can be multi-layered.
  • the one outer layer or the on outermost 'underlying layer of the cover of the print image carrier or transfer member each another;
  • higher content of electrically conductive constituents and / or antistatic agents and / or components with under Kunststoffli Licher, in particular higher specific electrical conductivity, as a further. inner layer if a continuous conductivity path is formed.
  • the radially outer layer Have carbon nanomaterials and / or graphite and / or electrically conductive carbon fibers, in particular carbon nanomaterials, which are contained in the radially inner layer with a lower content, if any.
  • electrically conductive components of the cover material can be used in the radially outer layer due to their higher specific conductivity in lower levels, as in radially inner layers.
  • the outer cover layer can thereby also optimally be used in terms of their hydrophobicity / hydrophilicity, elasticity, tensile strength, surface roughness, etc., which is the case in particular when using carbon nanomaterials which are particularly compatible with the elastic / polymeric cover material. This also allows a faster charge reduction on the surface with optimized content of the other component.
  • the print image carrier and one or more of the transfer elements of the printing press, in particular of the printing unit, can each be connected by means of an electrical discharge line 200 to the zero potential or another discharge potential of the printing press.
  • the electrical discharge can be electrically conductively connected to a metallic core 2 of the respective transmission element or to an electrically (ab) conductive element of the print image carrier, for example in the form of a sliding contact with the axis or the core of the respective component or a component of the component electrically connected thereto press.
  • the blanket or one (Felxo) pressure plate 5 as a print image carrier, the grounding of the component or the surface thereof via an electrically conductive holding or grounding rail 9 take place, which is connected via an electrical discharge line 200 to the zero potential of the printing machine.
  • the electrical discharge. can 'also on a Wennel.ement 6 of the respective component, for example, a traction-receiving carrier layer ⁇ such as provided with an electrical Ableitmaschinen textile layer, or another electrically conductive intermediate layer such as a layer with electrically conductive fibers of the blanket or' the pressure plate, take place if it is sufficiently conductive.
  • a traction-receiving carrier layer ⁇ such as provided with an electrical Ableitmaschinen textile layer, or another electrically conductive intermediate layer such as a layer with electrically conductive fibers of the blanket or' the pressure plate, take place if it is sufficiently conductive.
  • the printed image carrier 5 has in the case of a blanket at offset printing with pressure medium acted upon imaged areas 7f and acted upon with dampening non-imaged areas 7g.
  • the moisture management in the fountain solution 11 is set such that the moisture film in the respective non-imaged area is not a continuous fountain solution film but an interrupted moisture film in order to avoid over-emulsification of the pressure medium.
  • it was found that a triboelectrical formation of surface charges is thereby promoted.
  • the measures according to the invention for avoiding electrostatic charges on the printed image carrier have proven particularly useful.
  • electrostatic charges on the transfer element or the print image carrier are reduced by the fact that in the gap 30 between print image carrier cylinder 20 and counter-roller (in offset printing: plate cylinder 18), the gap 31 between print carrier cylinder 20 and Bedruckungsma- material 13 and / or the columns 32nd the humidity is increased by means of a humidification device 40 between one or more of the transmission elements and the mating rollers working against them.
  • the humidity can be set to values so that electrical Potentials on the print image carrier or the respective transmission element on which the humidifying device 40 is arranged are smaller than or equal to a predetermined maximum value, for example ⁇ 750-1,000 volts, 250-500 volts, ⁇ 100-200 volts or ⁇ 50.-75 Volt.
  • the humidity in the nip is preferably adjusted so that. condensation of humectants such as water or an aqueous solution on the printing press components or the printing material is avoided.
  • a corresponding moisture sensor 41 is provided in the respective nip, which signal-transmitting is connected to a control device 42 of the moistening device 40.
  • the moistening device can be provided in each case in the incoming gap and / or the outgoing gap between the respective components.
  • a pressure medium 27a can be used to reduce electrostatic charges on the print image carrier, which contains electrically (ab) conductive components and / or an antistatic, for example, with a content of 1% by weight.
  • the antistatic agent may, for example, be a phosphonium compound, a sulfonate, an ammonium compound or another electrically non-conductive compound.
  • the pressure medium may also comprise electrically conductive compounds such as conductive carbon black, graphite or the like. The pressure medium is in this case adjusted so that this has a specific electrical resistance of ⁇ 10 6 to 10 8 Gm, preferably ⁇ 10 4 to 10 5 Qm.
  • the printing agent may contain (only) an organic pigment as a color pigment.
  • composition of a polymeric (here also elastic) reference material for printed image carrier according to the invention for example rubber cloth or flexographic printing plate
  • transfer element eg transfer roller
  • Rubber ⁇ . ⁇ '. Nitrile butadiene rubber
  • Curing agent eg, zinc oxide
  • Vulcanization activator e.g., stearic acid
  • Surfactant e.g., zinc stearate 10 parts
  • Coupling agent e.g., silane
  • Antistatic agent e.g., fatty acid polyethylene
  • Crosslinking agent eg sulfur
  • Surface resistance of the cover material 10 7 ohms per meter
  • Rubber e.g., nitrile butadiene rubber 100 parts
  • Crosslinking activator e.g., zinc oxide
  • vulcanization activator e.g., stearic acid
  • Surfactant e.g., zinc stearate 10 parts Electrically conductive ingredient
  • Crosslinking agent e.g., sulfur 2 parts
  • Embodiment 3 Composition of a polymeric (here also elastic) reference material according to the invention for printed image carrier (eg blanket or flexographic printing plate) and / or transfer element (eg transfer roller) with an electrically conductive constituent:
  • Rubber e.g., fluororubber 100 parts Electrically conductive component
  • Crosslinking agent e.g., diaminic
  • Crosslinkers such as 1, 4 bis (aminopropyl) piperazine) 1 part
  • the printing material used may be paper which contains 1% by weight of the cellulose or 1% by weight of an antistatic agent, in particular an ammonium salt, eg a quaternary ammonium salt, such as distearyldimethylammonium chloride, on the paper.
  • an antistatic agent in particular an ammonium salt, eg a quaternary ammonium salt, such as distearyldimethylammonium chloride, on the paper.
  • the electrical conductivity of the antistatic printed material is 10 9 square meters.
  • the printing medium used can be a conventional offset printing ink whose electrical conductivity is 10 10 15 ⁇ m. is.
  • the printing ink is mixed with 1 percent by weight of an antistatic agent, in particular a non-ionic antistatic agent such as Polyglycolfettklareesters, which is incorporated homogeneously into the pressure medium.
  • an antistatic agent in particular a non-ionic antistatic agent such as Polyglycolfettklareesters, which is incorporated homogeneously into the pressure medium.
  • the conductivity of the pressure medium provided with antistatic is 10 9 SQm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'impression impliquant l'utilisation d'une machine à imprimer, selon lequel un agent d'impression est transféré au moyen d'un support d'impression sur un matériau à imprimer. L'agent d'impression et/ou un agent mouillant sont transférés indirectement ou directement sur le support d'impression, ledit transfert s'effectuant, dans le cas de l'agent d'impression, à partir d'un réservoir d'agent d'impression, au moyen d'éléments de transfert spécifiques de l'agent d'impression et/ou, dans le cas de l'agent mouillant, à partir d'un réservoir d'agent mouillant, au moyen d'éléments de transfert spécifique de l'agent mouillant. Le support d'impression et/ou les éléments de transfert travaillent respectivement en sens inverse des contre-cylindres de manière à créer un jeu entre les cylindres, ou en sens inverse du matériau à imprimer, ce qui a pour effet de modifier la position relative par rapport auxdits contre-cylindres. Le support d'impression et/ou l'élément de transfert comportent une couche superficielle ou une couche proche de la surface, faite d'un matériau élastique ou polymère. Pour éviter les dépôts sur le support d'impression, une des mesures prises pour éliminer et/ou réduire les charges électrostatiques exercées sur le support d'impression et/ou au moins un élément de transfert, consiste à utiliser comme couche de protection ou comme couche proche de la surface, un matériau élastique ou polymère, présentant une capacité de décharge des charges électrostatiques.
PCT/EP2010/066496 2009-10-30 2010-10-29 Procédé d'impression et machine à imprimer WO2011051461A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009051444.9 2009-10-30
DE102009051444.9A DE102009051444B4 (de) 2009-10-30 2009-10-30 Druckverfahren und Druckmaschine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011051461A1 true WO2011051461A1 (fr) 2011-05-05

Family

ID=43332519

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2010/066496 WO2011051461A1 (fr) 2009-10-30 2010-10-29 Procédé d'impression et machine à imprimer

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102009051444B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011051461A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2543517A1 (fr) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-09 Folex Coating GmbH Support conducteur d'électricité pour la pression offset
CN110816091B (zh) * 2019-11-21 2021-06-25 云南华红科技股份有限公司 一种凹印珠光油墨改连线柔印的方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3881988A (en) * 1972-03-17 1975-05-06 Tatsuta Densen Kk Antistatic paper
JPS59207292A (ja) * 1983-05-10 1984-11-24 Fujikura Rubber Ltd 印刷用ブランケツト
US4806410A (en) * 1986-09-18 1989-02-21 Ranpak Corp. Processes for the production of antistatic or static dissipative paper, and the paper products thus produced, and apparatus utilized
JPH06157964A (ja) * 1992-11-24 1994-06-07 New Oji Paper Co Ltd 平版用インキあるいは水なし平版用インキおよびその印刷物
DE4301410A1 (de) * 1993-01-20 1994-07-21 Baldwin Gegenheimer Gmbh Druckmaschinen-Reinigungsvorrichtung
WO2004091927A1 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-28 Basf Drucksysteme Gmbh Element pour impression flexographique grave au laser, renfermant du noir de fumee de conductibilite, et procede de production de formes pour flexographie
JP2005289034A (ja) * 2004-01-21 2005-10-20 Kaneka Corp 版材用樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた高分子印刷版

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3563876B2 (ja) * 1995-07-28 2004-09-08 株式会社リコー 透明感熱記録媒体

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3881988A (en) * 1972-03-17 1975-05-06 Tatsuta Densen Kk Antistatic paper
JPS59207292A (ja) * 1983-05-10 1984-11-24 Fujikura Rubber Ltd 印刷用ブランケツト
US4806410A (en) * 1986-09-18 1989-02-21 Ranpak Corp. Processes for the production of antistatic or static dissipative paper, and the paper products thus produced, and apparatus utilized
JPH06157964A (ja) * 1992-11-24 1994-06-07 New Oji Paper Co Ltd 平版用インキあるいは水なし平版用インキおよびその印刷物
DE4301410A1 (de) * 1993-01-20 1994-07-21 Baldwin Gegenheimer Gmbh Druckmaschinen-Reinigungsvorrichtung
WO2004091927A1 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-28 Basf Drucksysteme Gmbh Element pour impression flexographique grave au laser, renfermant du noir de fumee de conductibilite, et procede de production de formes pour flexographie
JP2005289034A (ja) * 2004-01-21 2005-10-20 Kaneka Corp 版材用樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた高分子印刷版

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009051444B4 (de) 2015-12-10
DE102009051444A1 (de) 2011-05-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69603214T2 (de) Druckpapier und Tintenstrahldruckverfahren, das dieses Papier verwendet
WO1994004364A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif d'humidification d'une bande de materiau en mouvement imprimee puis thermiquement sechee
EP1657076A1 (fr) Appareil pour le transfert de solution de mouillage et/ou de matériaux d'impression dans des machines d'impression
DE102019109663A1 (de) Mehrschichtiges drucktuch
DE102009051444B4 (de) Druckverfahren und Druckmaschine
EP1622775B1 (fr) Procede pour ameliorer le travail d'impression sur du papier ou des produits en papier lors de l'impression a l'aide d'un procede d'impression a jet d'encre
EP1837175B1 (fr) Plaque d'impression et unité d'impression d'une presse
DE112007002527T5 (de) Druckobjekt-Kontaktelement und Element für eine Druckvorrichtung
DE102015205235A1 (de) Wässriges tintenstrahltuch
EP1743510A1 (fr) Procede pour imprimer des structures electriques et/ou electroniques et feuille a utiliser dans ce procede
EP2234815B1 (fr) Cylindre de contact ou de transfert
EP0508273B1 (fr) Dispositif d'impression pour imprimer en offset avec un toner
DE102017208404A1 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Druckprodukts
DE102006037966A1 (de) Auftragsvorrichtung für ein Druck-/Lackwerk in einer Verarbeitungsmaschine
EP0141217B1 (fr) Dispositif de mouillage de plaques d'impression dans des machines rotatives
EP3062996B1 (fr) Moyen de chauffage et élément chauffant électriquement conducteur
DE102008048848A1 (de) Bedruckstoff kontaktierendes Element
DE202011106154U1 (de) Textiles Flächengebilde
DE102011114460A1 (de) Textiles Flächengebilde und dessen Verwendung
DE19600736C2 (de) Verwendung eines Drucktuches für Metalleffekt-Druckfarben im Offsetdruck
DE102007057250A1 (de) Auftragsvorrichtung für ein Druck-/Lackwerk in einer Verarbeitungsmaschine
DE4235586C2 (de) Verfahren zur Übertragung flüssiger Medien von einer Anspülwalze auf einen Tiefdruckzylinder sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102022101053A1 (de) Zusammensetzung eines Primers, Bedruckstoff sowie eine Druckmaschine
DE102007059335A1 (de) Auftragsvorrichtung mit einem Formzylinder und wenigstens einer Auftragwalze in einer Verarbeitungsmaschine
EP2496767A2 (fr) Matériau de couchage pour améliorer la qualité et les propriétés de déplacement de supports d'impression et procédé de préparation du matériau de couchage

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 10771151

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 10771151

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1