WO2011042653A1 - Coated light fabric, in particular for a flight sail - Google Patents

Coated light fabric, in particular for a flight sail Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011042653A1
WO2011042653A1 PCT/FR2010/052094 FR2010052094W WO2011042653A1 WO 2011042653 A1 WO2011042653 A1 WO 2011042653A1 FR 2010052094 W FR2010052094 W FR 2010052094W WO 2011042653 A1 WO2011042653 A1 WO 2011042653A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fabric
coating
weight
polyurethane
equal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2010/052094
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stéphane VERAN
Original Assignee
Porcher Industries
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Porcher Industries filed Critical Porcher Industries
Priority to ES10777052.1T priority Critical patent/ES2651917T3/en
Priority to EP10777052.1A priority patent/EP2486185B1/en
Priority to PL10777052T priority patent/PL2486185T3/en
Priority to BR112012007776-7A priority patent/BR112012007776B1/en
Priority to KR1020127011627A priority patent/KR101765730B1/en
Publication of WO2011042653A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011042653A1/en
Priority to ZA2012/02811A priority patent/ZA201202811B/en
Priority to IN3306DEN2012 priority patent/IN2012DN03306A/en
Priority to HRP20171757TT priority patent/HRP20171757T1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
    • D03D15/225—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based artificial, e.g. viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D06M15/568—Reaction products of isocyanates with polyethers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D06M15/572—Reaction products of isocyanates with polyesters or polyesteramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D10B2201/24—Viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/062—Load-responsive characteristics stiff, shape retention
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/10—Physical properties porous
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/22—Physical properties protective against sunlight or UV radiation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2507/00—Sport; Military
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2507/00—Sport; Military
    • D10B2507/04—Sails

Definitions

  • Lightweight coated fabric especially for flying veil
  • the present invention relates to a light fabric formed of warp yarns and continuous weft yarns, this fabric being coated on one and / or both sides with a polyurethane.
  • This lightweight fabric finds its application particularly in the field of flight sails.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing this fabric.
  • the porosity is dependent on the density of the fabric, that is to say the number of warp and weft son per unit area.
  • the porosity is also dependent on the presence of a coating intended to close more or less the pores of the fabric.
  • the coating is in fact essential and is a significant part of the weight of the coated fabric and therefore the flying wing.
  • the coating is an essential element to confer the porosity required, it must be durable.
  • the concept of durability can cover various criteria, for example UV stability and stability to hydrolysis and therefore more generally to atmospheric conditions and water. Hydrolysis stability should be considered as the preponderant factor in the long-term preservation of porosity properties.
  • Coating is also important for imparting good stiffness properties in the bias.
  • flying sails such as paragliders use a polyurethane (PU) polyester base as a coating material.
  • PU polyurethane
  • These coatings have a relatively good resistance to UVs, they are however of limited durability with respect to stability to hydrolysis.
  • the weight of the lightest coated fabrics thus produced is of the order of 45 g / m 2 .
  • FR 2,840,625 discloses a stabilized fabric diagonally formed of a rip-stop weave comprising warp yarns and weft yarns which are interwoven so as to have bands and stabilizing zones. This weave is coated with an aqueous mixture of polyurethane and silicone. The physicochemical characteristics of the polyurethane are not specified and the weight of the fabric is 45 g / m 2 .
  • EP 0 305 888 discloses a textile material formed of a substrate impregnated with a water-repellent agent and coated with a polyurethane resin layer modified with a polysiloxane.
  • This modified resin is prepared by reaction between the siloxane polymer and the basic components of polyurethane, isocyanate and diol (polytetramethylene glycol, polyether diol, open ring lactone diols, polycarbonate diol).
  • the weight of the fabrics is greater than 40 g / m 2 .
  • EP 2 184 399 discloses a textile material for paragliding, comprising a polyester fiber-based fabric coated with a urethane-silicone copolymer resin layer. This material is said to have a weight of between 21 and 100 g / m 2 . The examples describe a weight equal to or greater than 45 g / m 2 .
  • EP 0 552 374 describes a textile material that can be used for the manufacture of boat sails, paragliders or parachutes.
  • This material comprises a polyester fabric which may optionally be coated with a resin which may be selected from polyurethane, silicone resin and polyvinyl chloride resin, without further specification of the nature of these resins or preferably. It is explicitly stated that this treatment is optional, the textile material does not need to be treated with a resin.
  • the weight of the uncoated or coated fabric may be between 20 and 100, preferably between 30 and 50 g / m 2 .
  • the examples describe a polyethylene terephthalate fabric coated with a polyurethane resin for a weight of 25, 48 or 85 g / m 2 .
  • JP 2000234272 discloses a fabric for paragliding sail based on polyamide warp and weft threads that can be coated with a synthetic resin which can be an acrylic resin, a polyurethane resin, a silicone resin, a polyamide resin, a polyester resin, a polyimide resin, without further details on the physicochemical characteristics of the resin.
  • a synthetic resin which can be an acrylic resin, a polyurethane resin, a silicone resin, a polyamide resin, a polyester resin, a polyimide resin, without further details on the physicochemical characteristics of the resin.
  • the prior art has not identified the essential criteria for optimizing both the weight of the coated fabric and its porosity, as well as its mechanical properties, to obtain fabrics for the manufacture of advanced flight sails.
  • the prior art has not identified the coverage rate TC as being an essential criterion. He also did not identified the importance of the choice of physico-chemical characteristics of the coating resin.
  • the prior art has not known how to combine these criteria to obtain fabrics having a coating weight of low value, especially less than or equal to 40 g / m 2 .
  • the prior art has also not been able to combine these different criteria to obtain optimum levels of air permeability for such a reduced weight.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining such tissues.
  • the subject of the invention is in particular a light fabric formed of continuous warp and weft yarns and coated on one and / or both sides by a polyether or polycarbonate base polyurethane having a modulus at 100% lower elongation or equal to 5 MPa (measured according to DIN 53504), the fabric having a weight, including coating, ranging from 25 to 40 g / m 2 , preferably between 31 and 36 g / m 2 and a coverage ratio TC between 1, 8 and 4, preferably between 2.6 and 3.2.
  • the polyurethane has a modulus at 100% elongation less than or equal to 4 MPa, preferably less than or equal to 3 MPa. This module can thus be between 1 and 5, 4 or 3 MPa.
  • the TC is that of the fabric resulting from the weaving operation, and before any calendering operation or the like.
  • the TC is calculated as follows:
  • the TC values selected for the invention correspond to values conferring on the fabric a sufficiently closed configuration, then accentuated by calendering, making it possible, on the one hand, to limit the wear rate of the coating material in order to obtain 'a bass guitar porosity adapted to the field of use of the fabric, and consequently, on the other hand, to limit the final weight of the coated fabric.
  • the dry weight ratio of the coating material is greater than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular between 10 and 30%, preferably between 12 and 30% by weight, better still between 15 and 25%.
  • the dry weight ratio is the ratio by weight of coating (in particular PU and crosslinker) dry on the coated fabric, it is representative of the weight of dried / crosslinked coating present on the final fabric.
  • the fabric of the present invention is characterized by bias in the bias. Chain bias is the 45 ° direction to the warp threads.
  • the weft direction bias is the direction at 45 ° with respect to the weft threads.
  • the elongation in% is measured under a force of 3 pounds (Lbs, ie 1.36 kg) applied in the bias.
  • This elongation characterizes the stiffness of the fabric in the bias.
  • the standard used is NF EN ISO 13934-1: specimens of width 50 mm and length 300 mm are produced. The edges of the dynamometer are 200 mm apart and the measurement is made at a speed of 100 mm / min.
  • the fabric according to the invention has an elongation in the warp and weft direction under 3 Lbs less than or equal to 10%.
  • This elongation can thus be between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 10%, better still between 5 and 10%.
  • the light fabric has an air permeability less than or equal to 20 L / m 2 / min at a pressure of 2000 Pa, as measured according to the standard NFG 071 1 1 (measuring surface of 100 cm 2 ).
  • the light fabric comprises warp and / or weft yarns which have a dtex of between 11 and 44 dtex and a DPF (decitex per filament) of between 1 and 4.
  • the naked fabric has a weight of between 20 and 33 g / m 2 , preferably between 24 and 28 g / m 2 .
  • the coated fabric has a weight of between 25 and 40 g / m 2 , preferably between 31 and 36 g / m 2 .
  • the fabric comprises from 30 to 50 warp threads per cm and from 30 to 50 weft threads per cm.
  • the fabric comprises yarns having filaments on a DPF (decitex per filament) of 1 to 3.
  • the lightweight fabric of the present invention is obtained by coating an aqueous dispersion. polyurethane. The coating may have any of the features mentioned below.
  • the subject of the invention is also a process for producing a light coated fabric, in which:
  • the polyurethane has a modulus at 100% elongation less than or equal to 4 MPa, preferably less than or equal to 3 MPa.
  • This module can thus be between 1 and 5, 4 or 3 MPa.
  • the fabric comprises warp and / or weft threads having a dtex between 11 and 44 dtex and a DPF (decitex per filament) of between 1 and 4,
  • the fabric before coating in step (b), the fabric is calendered.
  • the calendering crushes the fabric and spreads the yarns and the constituent filaments, which helps to close the pores of the fabric and reduce the porosity.
  • one calender s between a tool, cylinder or calender roll and a counter-platinum.
  • the face of the fabric that has undergone the passage of the calendering tool, called the calender face, is smoothed with respect to the other face.
  • the coating is produced on this calender face.
  • the adhesion of the polymer can be improved by first applying a treatment to this smooth surface.
  • primer can be a physical treatment or a chemical treatment. This is for example a chemical treatment providing functional groups capable of reacting with groups of the polymer to form chemical bonds.
  • the coating is made on the other side, unsmoothed. It is understood that the rate of carriage varies according to the face concerned, this rate being higher on the unsmoothed face, which allows the skilled person to play on the amount and weight of the coating.
  • one calendering between two tools, cylinders or calendering rollers Both sides of the fabric are smoothed. One or both sides are then coated, with or without hanging treatment as described above.
  • the calendering is preferably carried out at a temperature of between 150 and 250 ⁇ , preferably between 180 and 210 ⁇ .
  • the calendering is preferably carried out with a pressure of from 150 to 250 kg, preferably from 180 to 230 kg.
  • the speed of rotation of the calender can be between 1 and 30 m / min, preferably between 10 and 20 m / min.
  • the fabric used in step (a) has a weight of between 20 and 33 g / m 2 , preferably between 24 and 28 g / m 2 .
  • the fabric resulting from step (c) has a weight of between 25 and 40 g / m 2 , preferably between 31 and 36 g / m 2 .
  • the fabric used comprises from 30 to 50 warp threads per cm and from 30 to 50 weft threads per cm.
  • the fabric used comprises threads whose filaments have a DPF (decitex per filament) of between 1 and 3.
  • the lightweight fabric of the present invention is obtained by coating an aqueous polyurethane dispersion.
  • the lightweight fabric of the present invention is obtained by coating a solvent-phase polyurethane dispersion.
  • a polyurethane has a steep portion (isocyanate) and a flexible portion (polyol). The ratio between these two components makes it possible to obtain a more or less stiff polymer.
  • a polyol type polyether or polycarbonate is stable to hydrolysis and therefore durable.
  • the coating composition comprises a crosslinking agent, in particular an isocyanate or a melamine, or a mixture of both.
  • isocyanate is meant both an isocyanate and a polyisocyanate, alone or in admixture with one or more other isocyanates and / or polyisocyanates.
  • isocyanate should be understood herein to include the terms “isocyanate” and “polyisocyanate”.
  • the proportion of dry crosslinker relative to the dry polyurethane is 5% or more than 5%, especially between 10 and 30%, by weight.
  • the polyurethane is based on polyether.
  • the polyether polyether base is linear or branched and comprises a polyol polyether portion and an isocyanate portion.
  • the isocyanate portion is preferably aliphatic, in fact the aromatic isocyanates have the disadvantage of yellowing over time.
  • the polyurethane is based on polycarbonate.
  • the polycarbonate base polycarbonate is linear or branched and has a polycarbonate polyol portion and an isocyanate portion.
  • the isocyanate portion is preferably aliphatic, in fact the aromatic isocyanates have the disadvantage of yellowing over time.
  • the isocyanate crosslinking agent used is blocked (in particular masked isocyanate functional groups) in order to have a product having a longer pot life (“pot-life"), as is known per se. .
  • pot life a product having a longer pot life
  • one skilled in the art is well acquainted with the field of polyurethanes and is able to propose coating compositions in accordance with the invention and in particular for producing a coating having the appropriate elongation modulus.
  • the coating step is carried out by the techniques conventionally used in the coating of textiles such as direct coating.
  • direct coating is understood to mean a coating by direct application using a doctor blade or a cylinder or by an air knife, coating by a scarf, at the Meyer bar (or Champion process).
  • the method comprises after step c) one or more post-treatment stage (s) giving the fabric antifouling and / or water-repellent properties.
  • anti-soiling treatment treatment with anti-static and / or anti-tack products.
  • water-repellent treatment means treatment with fluorinated resins with or without isocyanate extender. The water-repellent treatment is followed by a drying / crosslinking step.
  • the post-treatment is applied by any method known to those skilled in the art and in particular by padding, coating, spraying or plasma treatment.
  • the polyurethane used is flexible and is therefore durable with mechanical stresses. It meets the following specifications: 1 to 5 MPa according to DIN 53504
  • the polymer is finely dispersed in water in the form of micrometer beads. This dispersion is stable thanks to the addition of surfactants.
  • the coating deposited on the fabric dries under the action of the heat of the furnaces (evaporation of the water) and the balls collect (coalescence). We then have a microporous film. As the temperature rises in the furnaces, the balls melt and form a continuous film.
  • the aqueous phase polyurethane has the intrinsic characteristics of the polymer and physicochemical characteristics related to its shaping.
  • the aqueous phase polyurethane is characterized by a modulus at 100% elongation less than 5 MPa.
  • the aqueous phase polyurethane can also be characterized by a concentration of the dispersion of between 30 and 60%.
  • the aqueous phase polyurethane of the present invention can be characterized by a viscosity of less than 10,000 Pa.s at 23 (DIN EN ISO / A3).
  • the solvent phase embodiment the polymer is dissolved in the medium and the coalescence phase is avoided. The film naturally forms during the evaporation of the solvent.
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of aromatic solvents, alcohols, ketones, esters, dimethylformamide and n-methylpyrrolidone.
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, isopropanol, butanol, 1-methoxypropan-2-ol, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, butanone, and the like. ethyl acetate, dimethylformamide and n-methylpyrrolidone.
  • the polyurethane solvent phase may be characterized by its concentration of between 20 and 50%.
  • the polyurethane solvent phase may be characterized by a viscosity of less than 100,000 Pa.s at 23 (DIN EN ISO / A3 standard).
  • the coating composition of the fabric of the present invention, an aqueous polymer dispersion, may further comprise additives.
  • Said additives may be any additive commonly used in fabric coating compositions. They are especially chosen from the group consisting of viscosity modifiers, UV stabilizers, dyes, dispersants and surfactants.
  • the coating comprises an anti-UV agent.
  • the fabric of the present invention may be any tissue known to those skilled in the art requiring coating.
  • the fabric of the present invention consists of son of synthetic or artificial material. It may be in particular polyamide, polyester or viscose.
  • the invention has the advantage of using fine son and having a high number of constituent filaments. In addition to providing lightness to the fabric, this allows, at the time of coating, and especially if the latter is preceded by a step of spreading the fibers by calendering, substantially reduce the porosity of the fabric before coating, this which makes it possible to reduce the polymer load and therefore the relative weight of the coating, and in the end it also makes it possible to reduce the final weight of the fabric, while having good properties in terms of porosity and durability.
  • the fabric is made of warp yarns and weft yarns having different mechanical characteristics.
  • the invention also relates to a lightweight fabric that can be obtained by implementing the method according to the invention.
  • This type of fabric can be advantageously used as a flying veil, especially paragliding, which requires mechanical strengths, resistance to weather conditions and significant resistance over time.
  • the fabric of the invention advantageously has a high durability, especially a high water stability. This stability can be assessed by different accelerated aging methods, described in the examples section:
  • porosity after mechanical stress it must remain preferably less than 40, preferably 20 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa;
  • the fabrics according to the invention can find application in all applications where the weight gain, durability, especially water stability, and porosity has an advantage.
  • the invention thus relates to an article such as a paraglider sail, comprising or fabricated from a fabric according to the invention.
  • Chain yarn 22 dtex with a DPF of 1, 7
  • Material of the yarns polyamide, polyester or viscose
  • Coverage rate 2.8 The calendering is carried out at a temperature of between 180 and 210, at a pressure of between 180 and 230 kg, and at a speed of between 10 and 20 m / min.
  • the coating is performed by squeegee, and is followed by a drying step (at a temperature between 90 and 120), then a crosslinking step (temperature between 140 and 210).
  • the speed is between 10 and 30 m / min.
  • This post treatment is applied by padding, then drying (temperature between 90 and 120), followed by crosslinking (temperature between 140-210), speed between 10 and 30 m / min.
  • Chain yarn 22 dtex with a DPF of 1, 7
  • the calendering is carried out at a temperature of between 180 and 210 ° C., at a pressure of between 180 and 230 kg, and at a speed of between 10 and 20 m / min.
  • the coating is performed by squeegee and then a drying step (temperature between 90 and 120 ° C) / crosslinking (temperature between 140-210 ° C) is performed.
  • the speed is between 10 and 30 m / min.
  • the fabric then undergoes a water repellent treatment (0.5 g / m 2 ):
  • This post treatment is applied by padding, followed by drying (temperature between 90 and 120 ° C) / crosslinking (temperature between 140-210 ° C), speed between 10 and 30 m / min.
  • the fabric obtained at a weight of 34 g / m 2 weight of the fabric before coating 27.7 g / m 2 , the contribution of the water-repellent treatment to the final weight of the fabric is approximately 0.5 g / m 2 )
  • the elongation in% is measured under a force of 3 pounds (Lbs) applied in the bias. This elongation characterizes the stiffness of the fabric in the bias.
  • the standard used is NF EN ISO 13934-1. Specimens of width 50 mm and length 300 mm are produced. The edges of the dynamometer are 200 mm apart and the measurement is made at a speed of 100 mm / min. Elongation in the skew direction under 3 Lbs 6.0%
  • the aging of the fabric is also measured by different methods.
  • the porosity of the fabric is measured after 4 cycles of 1 hour of washing with water at 30 ⁇ . Ideally the porosity after treatment should be less than 70 L / m 2 / min.
  • the porosity is also measured after mechanical stressing. To carry out this measurement, the fabric fixed on a mill-type assembly is floated at high speed (4-blade assembly, the fabric being fixed at the end of one of the blades). Ideally the porosity after 1 h 30 of treatment should be less than 40 L / m 2 / min, preferably less than 20 L / m 2 / min.
  • the porosity of the fabric after hydrolysis is also measured. To do this we place the fabric for 4 hours in a pressure cooker pressure cooker with water at temperature and operating pressure. 1 hour of float treatment is then applied as determined above and the porosity of the final fabric is measured. Ideally the porosity after treatment should be less than 70 L / m 2 / min. Results: Porosity at nine 1 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa.
  • Porosity after hydrolysis plus float 9 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa.
  • Porosity after 90 min of floats between 10 and 14 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a light fabric consisting of continuous warp yarns and weft yarns, said fabric being coated on one or both of the surfaces thereof with a polyurethane, in which the bare fabric has a coverage rate TC of 1.8 to 4, preferably 2.6 to 3.2, the polyurethane is made of polyether and polycarbonate with a tensile stress at 100% elongation of less than or equal to 5 MPa, the impregnation rate is greater than or equal to 10 wt %, preferably 12 to 30 wt %, more preferably 15 to 25 wt %, and the fabric has a weight, including the coating, of 25 to 40 g/m2. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a fabric. The invention can be used in particular for flight sails, in particular paragliders.

Description

Tissu léger enduit, notamment pour voile de vol  Lightweight coated fabric, especially for flying veil
La présente invention concerne un tissu léger formé de fils de chaîne et de fils de trame continus, ce tissu étant enduit sur une et/ou ses deux faces par un polyuréthane. Ce tissu léger trouve son application notamment dans le domaine des voiles de vol. L'invention est aussi relative à un procédé de fabrication de ce tissu. The present invention relates to a light fabric formed of warp yarns and continuous weft yarns, this fabric being coated on one and / or both sides with a polyurethane. This lightweight fabric finds its application particularly in the field of flight sails. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing this fabric.
Dans le domaine des voiles de vol, par exemple du parapente, les fabricants des tissus cherchent depuis longtemps à combiner légèreté, faible porosité et durabilité. L'équation est difficile à résoudre, la diminution de la porosité étant généralement synonyme d'augmentation de poids. En effet, la porosité est dépendante de la densité du tissu, c'est-à- dire du nombre de fils en chaîne et en trame par unité de surface. La porosité est également dépendante de la présence d'une enduction destinée à fermer plus ou moins les pores du tissu. L'enduction est en réalité indispensable et constitue une part non négligeable du poids du tissu enduit et donc de la voile de vol. In the field of flight sails, such as paragliding, fabric manufacturers have long sought to combine lightness, low porosity and durability. The equation is difficult to solve, the decrease in porosity being generally synonymous with weight increase. Indeed, the porosity is dependent on the density of the fabric, that is to say the number of warp and weft son per unit area. The porosity is also dependent on the presence of a coating intended to close more or less the pores of the fabric. The coating is in fact essential and is a significant part of the weight of the coated fabric and therefore the flying wing.
L'enduction étant un élément indispensable pour conférer la porosité requise, elle doit être durable. La notion de durabilité peut recouvrir divers critères, par exemple la stabilité aux UVs et la stabilité à l'hydrolyse et donc plus généralement aux conditions atmosphériques et à l'eau. La stabilité à l'hydrolyse doit être considérée comme le facteur prépondérant dans la conservation dans le temps des propriétés de porosité. The coating is an essential element to confer the porosity required, it must be durable. The concept of durability can cover various criteria, for example UV stability and stability to hydrolysis and therefore more generally to atmospheric conditions and water. Hydrolysis stability should be considered as the preponderant factor in the long-term preservation of porosity properties.
L'enduction est également importante pour conférer les bonnes propriétés de raideur dans le biais. Coating is also important for imparting good stiffness properties in the bias.
Actuellement, les voiles de vol telles que les parapentes utilisent un polyuréthane (PU) base polyester comme matériau d'enduction. Ces enductions ont une relativement bonne résistance aux UVs, elles sont en revanche d'une durabilité limitée pour ce qui concerne la stabilité à l'hydrolyse. Le poids des tissus les plus légers enduits ainsi réalisés est de l'ordre de 45 g/m2. Currently, flying sails such as paragliders use a polyurethane (PU) polyester base as a coating material. These coatings have a relatively good resistance to UVs, they are however of limited durability with respect to stability to hydrolysis. The weight of the lightest coated fabrics thus produced is of the order of 45 g / m 2 .
Les poids supérieurs, obtenus en combinant densité de fils, choix du matériau d'enduction, épaisseur et poids de l'enduction permettent de produire des tissus certes stables à l'hydrolyse et ayant des niveaux de porosité acceptables. Ils sont cependant trop lourds pour être employés dans la fabrication de voiles de vol performantes. FR 2 840 625 décrit un tissu stabilisé diagonalement formé d'une armure de type rip-stop comprenant des fils de chaîne et des fils de trame qui sont entrecroisés de manière à présenter des bandes et des zones de stabilisation. Cette armure est enduite avec un mélange aqueux de polyuréthane et de silicone. Les caractéristiques physico-chimiques du polyuréthane ne sont pas précisées et le poids du tissu est de 45 g/m2. The higher weights, obtained by combining yarn density, choice of coating material, thickness and weight of the coating can produce tissues certainly stable to hydrolysis and having acceptable levels of porosity. However, they are too heavy to be used in the manufacture of high-performance flight sails. FR 2,840,625 discloses a stabilized fabric diagonally formed of a rip-stop weave comprising warp yarns and weft yarns which are interwoven so as to have bands and stabilizing zones. This weave is coated with an aqueous mixture of polyurethane and silicone. The physicochemical characteristics of the polyurethane are not specified and the weight of the fabric is 45 g / m 2 .
EP 0 305 888 décrit un matériau textile formé d'un substrat imprégné d'un agent déperlant et revêtu d'une couche de résine polyuréthane modifiée par un polysiloxane. Cette résine modifiée est préparée par réaction entre le polymère siloxane et les composants de base du polyuréthane, isocyanate et diol (polytetraméthylène glycol, diol polyéther, diols à lactone à cycle ouvert, diol polycarbonate). Le poids des tissus est supérieur à 40 g/m2. EP 0 305 888 discloses a textile material formed of a substrate impregnated with a water-repellent agent and coated with a polyurethane resin layer modified with a polysiloxane. This modified resin is prepared by reaction between the siloxane polymer and the basic components of polyurethane, isocyanate and diol (polytetramethylene glycol, polyether diol, open ring lactone diols, polycarbonate diol). The weight of the fabrics is greater than 40 g / m 2 .
EP 2 184 399 décrit un matériau textile pour parapente, comprenant un tissu à base de fibres de polyester enduit d'une couche de résine de copolymère uréthane-silicone. Ce matériau est annoncé pouvoir avoir un poids compris entre 21 et 100 g/m2. Les exemples décrivent un poids égal ou bien supérieur à 45 g/m2. EP 2 184 399 discloses a textile material for paragliding, comprising a polyester fiber-based fabric coated with a urethane-silicone copolymer resin layer. This material is said to have a weight of between 21 and 100 g / m 2 . The examples describe a weight equal to or greater than 45 g / m 2 .
EP 0 552 374 décrit un matériau textile pouvant être utilisé pour la confection de voiles de bateaux, de parapentes ou de parachutes. Ce matériau comprend un tissu de polyester qui peut éventuellement être enduit d'une résine qui peut être choisie parmi un polyuréthane, une résine silicone et une résine polychlorure de vinyle, sans plus de précision sur la nature de ces résines ni de préférence. Il est explicitement dit que ce traitement est optionnel, le matériau textile n'ayant pas besoin d'être traité par une résine. Le poids du tissu non enduit ou enduit peut être compris entre 20 et 100, de préférence entre 30 et 50 g/m2. Les exemples décrivent un tissu en polyéthylènetéréphtalate enduit d'une résine polyuréthane pour un poids de 25, 48 ou 85 g/m2. EP 0 552 374 describes a textile material that can be used for the manufacture of boat sails, paragliders or parachutes. This material comprises a polyester fabric which may optionally be coated with a resin which may be selected from polyurethane, silicone resin and polyvinyl chloride resin, without further specification of the nature of these resins or preferably. It is explicitly stated that this treatment is optional, the textile material does not need to be treated with a resin. The weight of the uncoated or coated fabric may be between 20 and 100, preferably between 30 and 50 g / m 2 . The examples describe a polyethylene terephthalate fabric coated with a polyurethane resin for a weight of 25, 48 or 85 g / m 2 .
JP 2000234272 décrit un tissu pour voile de parapente à base de fils de chaîne et de trame en polyamide pouvant être enduit par une résine synthétique qui peut être une résine acrylique, une résine polyuréthane, une résine silicone, une résine polyamide, une résine polyester, une résine polyimide, sans plus de précision sur les caractéristiques physicochimiques de la résine. JP 2000234272 discloses a fabric for paragliding sail based on polyamide warp and weft threads that can be coated with a synthetic resin which can be an acrylic resin, a polyurethane resin, a silicone resin, a polyamide resin, a polyester resin, a polyimide resin, without further details on the physicochemical characteristics of the resin.
L'art antérieur n'a pas identifié les critères essentiels permettant d'optimiser à la fois le poids du tissu enduit et sa porosité, ainsi que ses propriétés mécaniques, pour obtenir des tissus permettant la confection de voiles de vol perfectionnées. Ainsi, l'art antérieur n'a pas identifié le taux de couverture TC comme étant un critère essentiel. Il n'a pas non plus identifié l'importance du choix des caractéristiques physico-chimiques de la résine d'enduction. L'art antérieur n'a pas su combiner ces critères pour obtenir des tissus ayant un poids enduction comprise de faible valeur, notamment inférieur ou égal à 40 g/m2. L'art antérieur n'a pas non plus su combiner ces différents critères pour obtenir des niveaux de perméabilité à l'air optimums pour un poids aussi réduit. The prior art has not identified the essential criteria for optimizing both the weight of the coated fabric and its porosity, as well as its mechanical properties, to obtain fabrics for the manufacture of advanced flight sails. Thus, the prior art has not identified the coverage rate TC as being an essential criterion. He also did not identified the importance of the choice of physico-chemical characteristics of the coating resin. The prior art has not known how to combine these criteria to obtain fabrics having a coating weight of low value, especially less than or equal to 40 g / m 2 . The prior art has also not been able to combine these different criteria to obtain optimum levels of air permeability for such a reduced weight.
Un objectif de l'invention est donc de proposer un tissu enduit combinant à la fois des propriétés de légèreté, de porosité et de durabilité, notamment stabilité à l'eau. Un autre objectif de l'invention est de proposer un tel tissu qui ait en outre une raideur appropriée dans le biais. An object of the invention is therefore to provide a coated fabric combining both properties of lightness, porosity and durability, including water stability. Another object of the invention is to provide such a fabric which further has a suitable stiffness in the bias.
Un autre objectif encore de la présente invention est de fournir un procédé d'obtention de tels tissus. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining such tissues.
D'autres objectifs encore apparaîtront à la lecture de la description de l'invention. Still other objects will appear on reading the description of the invention.
L'invention a notamment pour objet un tissu léger formé de fils de chaîne et de fils de trame continus et enduit sur une et/ou ses deux faces par un polyuréthane base polyéther ou polycarbonate, ayant un module à 100% d'allongement inférieur ou égal à 5 MPa (mesuré selon la norme DIN 53504), le tissu présentant un poids, enduction comprise, allant de 25 à 40 g/m2, de préférence entre 31 et 36 g/m2 et un taux de couverture TC compris entre 1 ,8 et 4, de préférence compris entre 2,6 et 3,2. Suivant un mode de réalisation, le polyuréthane a un module à 100% d'allongement inférieur ou égal à 4 MPa, de préférence inférieur ou égal à 3 MPa. Ce module peut ainsi être compris entre 1 et 5, 4 ou 3 MPa. The subject of the invention is in particular a light fabric formed of continuous warp and weft yarns and coated on one and / or both sides by a polyether or polycarbonate base polyurethane having a modulus at 100% lower elongation or equal to 5 MPa (measured according to DIN 53504), the fabric having a weight, including coating, ranging from 25 to 40 g / m 2 , preferably between 31 and 36 g / m 2 and a coverage ratio TC between 1, 8 and 4, preferably between 2.6 and 3.2. According to one embodiment, the polyurethane has a modulus at 100% elongation less than or equal to 4 MPa, preferably less than or equal to 3 MPa. This module can thus be between 1 and 5, 4 or 3 MPa.
Le TC est celui du tissu issu de l'opération de tissage, et avant toute opération éventuelle de calandrage ou similaire. Le TC est calculé comme suit : The TC is that of the fabric resulting from the weaving operation, and before any calendering operation or the like. The TC is calculated as follows:
TC = (nombre de filaments/cm x diamètre d'1 filament)chaîne + (nombre de filaments/cm x diamètre d'1 filament)trame, TC = (number of filaments / cm diameter x 1 filament) INE cha + (number of filaments / cm diameter x 1 filament) t ra me,
le diamètre des filaments étant exprimé en cm. Les valeurs de TC retenues pour l'invention correspondent à des valeurs conférant au tissu une configuration suffisamment fermée, accentuée ensuite par le calandrage, permettant d'une part, de limiter le taux d'emport du matériau d'enduction pour l'obtention d'une basse porosité adaptée au domaine d'utilisation du tissu, et en conséquence, d'autre part, de limiter le poids final du tissu enduit. the diameter of the filaments being expressed in cm. The TC values selected for the invention correspond to values conferring on the fabric a sufficiently closed configuration, then accentuated by calendering, making it possible, on the one hand, to limit the wear rate of the coating material in order to obtain 'a bass guitar porosity adapted to the field of use of the fabric, and consequently, on the other hand, to limit the final weight of the coated fabric.
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le taux d'emport sec du matériau d'enduction est supérieur ou égal à 10 % en poids, notamment compris entre 10 et 30%, de préférence compris entre 12 et 30 % en poids, mieux entre 15 et 25 %. Le taux d'emport sec est le ratio en poids d'enduction (notamment PU et réticulant) sec sur le tissu enduit, il est représentatif du poids d'enduction séchée/réticulée présent sur le tissu final. Dans un mode de réalisation, le tissu de la présente invention est caractérisé par une raideur dans le biais. Le biais sens chaîne est la direction à 45° par rapport aux fils de chaîne. Le biais sens trame est la direction à 45° par rapport aux fils de trame. On mesure l'allongement en % sous une force de 3 pounds (Lbs , soit 1 ,36 kg) appliquée dans le biais. Cet allongement caractérise la raideur du tissu dans le biais. La norme utilisée est la NF EN ISO 13934-1 : on réalise des éprouvettes de largeur 50 mm et de longueur 300 mm. Les mords du dynamomètre sont éloignés de 200 mm et la mesure est réalisée à une vitesse de 100 mm/min. According to one embodiment, the dry weight ratio of the coating material is greater than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular between 10 and 30%, preferably between 12 and 30% by weight, better still between 15 and 25%. The dry weight ratio is the ratio by weight of coating (in particular PU and crosslinker) dry on the coated fabric, it is representative of the weight of dried / crosslinked coating present on the final fabric. In one embodiment, the fabric of the present invention is characterized by bias in the bias. Chain bias is the 45 ° direction to the warp threads. The weft direction bias is the direction at 45 ° with respect to the weft threads. The elongation in% is measured under a force of 3 pounds (Lbs, ie 1.36 kg) applied in the bias. This elongation characterizes the stiffness of the fabric in the bias. The standard used is NF EN ISO 13934-1: specimens of width 50 mm and length 300 mm are produced. The edges of the dynamometer are 200 mm apart and the measurement is made at a speed of 100 mm / min.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le tissu selon l'invention a un allongement dans le biais sens chaîne et trame sous 3 Lbs inférieur ou égal à 10 %. Cet allongement peut ainsi être compris entre 1 et 10%, de préférence entre 3 et 10%, mieux entre 5 et 10%. In a particular embodiment, the fabric according to the invention has an elongation in the warp and weft direction under 3 Lbs less than or equal to 10%. This elongation can thus be between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 10%, better still between 5 and 10%.
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu léger a une perméabilité à l'air inférieure ou égale à 20 L/m2/min sous une pression de 2000 Pa, telle que mesurée selon la norme NFG 071 1 1 (surface de mesure de 100 cm2). According to one embodiment, the light fabric has an air permeability less than or equal to 20 L / m 2 / min at a pressure of 2000 Pa, as measured according to the standard NFG 071 1 1 (measuring surface of 100 cm 2 ).
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu léger comporte des fils de chaîne et/ou de trame qui ont un dtex compris entre 1 1 et 44 dtex et un DPF (decitex par filament) compris entre 1 et 4. Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu nu a un poids compris entre 20 et 33 g/m2, de préférence entre 24 et 28 g/m2. According to one embodiment, the light fabric comprises warp and / or weft yarns which have a dtex of between 11 and 44 dtex and a DPF (decitex per filament) of between 1 and 4. According to one embodiment, the naked fabric has a weight of between 20 and 33 g / m 2 , preferably between 24 and 28 g / m 2 .
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu enduit a un poids compris entre 25 et 40 g/m2, de préférence entre 31 et 36 g/m2. According to one embodiment, the coated fabric has a weight of between 25 and 40 g / m 2 , preferably between 31 and 36 g / m 2 .
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu comporte de 30 à 50 fils de chaîne par cm et de 30 à 50 fils de trame par cm. Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu comporte des fils dont les filaments on un DPF (decitex par filament) compris entre 1 et 3. Dans un mode de réalisation, le tissu léger de la présente invention est obtenu par enduction d'une dispersion aqueuse de polyuréthane. L'enduction peut avoir l'une quelconque des caractéristiques mentionnées ci-après. According to one embodiment, the fabric comprises from 30 to 50 warp threads per cm and from 30 to 50 weft threads per cm. In one embodiment, the fabric comprises yarns having filaments on a DPF (decitex per filament) of 1 to 3. In one embodiment, the lightweight fabric of the present invention is obtained by coating an aqueous dispersion. polyurethane. The coating may have any of the features mentioned below.
L'invention a aussi pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'un tissu léger enduit, dans lequel : The subject of the invention is also a process for producing a light coated fabric, in which:
(a) on dispose d'un tissu présentant un taux de couverture TC compris entre 1 ,8 et 4, de préférence compris entre 2,6 et 3,2, TC étant calculé comme suit :  (a) a fabric having a TC coverage ratio of between 1.8 and 4, preferably 2.6 to 3.2, wherein TC is calculated as follows:
TC = (n om bre de fi la ments/cm x d iamètre d ' 1 fi lament)chaîne + (nombre de filaments/cm x diamètre d'1 filament)trame TC = (number of filaments / cm x filament iameter) warp + (number of filaments / cm x diameter of 1 filament) weft
(b) on enduit une ou deux faces de ce tissu à l'aide d'un polyuréthane base polyéther ou polycarbonate ayant un module à 100% d'allongement inférieur ou égal à 5 MPa (b) one or both sides of this fabric are coated with a polyether or polycarbonate base polyurethane having a modulus at 100% elongation less than or equal to 5 MPa
(mesuré selon la norme DIN 53504), avec un taux d'emport sec supérieur ou égal à 10 % en poids, de préférence compris entre 12 et 30 %, mieux entre 15 et 25 %,(measured according to DIN 53504), with a dry weight ratio of greater than or equal to 10% by weight, preferably between 12 and 30%, better still between 15 and 25%,
(c) on chauffe le tissu jusqu'au séchage/réticulation de l'enduction, (c) the fabric is heated to drying / crosslinking of the coating,
(d) on récupère un tissu présentant un poids, enduction comprise, allant de 25 à 40 g/m2. (d) recovering a fabric having a weight, including coating, ranging from 25 to 40 g / m 2 .
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le polyuréthane a un module à 100% d'allongement inférieur ou égal à 4 MPa, de préférence inférieur ou égal à 3 MPa. Ce module peut ainsi être compris entre 1 et 5, 4 ou 3 MPa. Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu comporte des fils de chaîne et/ou de trame ayant un dtex compris entre 1 1 et 44 dtex et un DPF (decitex par filament) compris entre 1 et 4, According to one embodiment, the polyurethane has a modulus at 100% elongation less than or equal to 4 MPa, preferably less than or equal to 3 MPa. This module can thus be between 1 and 5, 4 or 3 MPa. According to one embodiment, the fabric comprises warp and / or weft threads having a dtex between 11 and 44 dtex and a DPF (decitex per filament) of between 1 and 4,
Suivant un mode de réalisation, avant enduction à l'étape (b), on calandre le tissu. Le calandrage écrase le tissu et étale les fils ainsi que les filaments constitutifs, ce qui contribue à refermer les pores du tissu et en diminuer la porosité. According to one embodiment, before coating in step (b), the fabric is calendered. The calendering crushes the fabric and spreads the yarns and the constituent filaments, which helps to close the pores of the fabric and reduce the porosity.
Suivant un mode de réalisation, on calandre entre un outil, cylindre ou rouleau de calandrage et une contre-platine. La face du tissu qui subi le passage de l'outil de calandrage, appelée face de calandrage, est lissée par rapport à l'autre face. According to one embodiment, one calenders between a tool, cylinder or calender roll and a counter-platinum. The face of the fabric that has undergone the passage of the calendering tool, called the calender face, is smoothed with respect to the other face.
Suivant une modalité, on réalise l'enduction sur cette face de calandrage. On peut améliorer l'accroche du polymère en appliquant au préalable, sur cette face lisse, un traitement d'apprêt. Il peut s'agir d'un traitement physique ou d'un traitement chimique. Il s'agit par exemple d'un traitement chimique apportant des groupements fonctionnels susceptibles de réagir avec des groupements du polymère pour former des liaisons chimiques. Suivant une autre modalité, on réalise l'enduction sur l'autre face, non lissée. On comprend que le taux d'emport varie selon la face concernée, ce taux étant plus élevé sur la face non lissée, ce qui permet à l'homme du métier de jouer sur la quantité et le poids de l'enduction. On peut aussi enduire les deux faces. Suivant un autre mode de réalisation, on calandre entre deux outils, cylindres ou rouleaux de calandrage. Les deux faces du tissu sont lissées. L'une ou les deux faces sont ensuite enduites, avec ou sans traitement d'accroché tel que décrit ci-dessus. According to a modality, the coating is produced on this calender face. The adhesion of the polymer can be improved by first applying a treatment to this smooth surface. primer. It can be a physical treatment or a chemical treatment. This is for example a chemical treatment providing functional groups capable of reacting with groups of the polymer to form chemical bonds. According to another embodiment, the coating is made on the other side, unsmoothed. It is understood that the rate of carriage varies according to the face concerned, this rate being higher on the unsmoothed face, which allows the skilled person to play on the amount and weight of the coating. We can also coat both sides. According to another embodiment, one calendering between two tools, cylinders or calendering rollers. Both sides of the fabric are smoothed. One or both sides are then coated, with or without hanging treatment as described above.
Le calandrage est réalisé de préférence à une température comprise entre 150 et 250 Ό, de préférence entre 180 et 210 Ό. Le calandrage est d e préférence réalisé avec une pression allant de 150 à 250 kg, de préférence entre 180 et 230 kg. La vitesse de rotation de la calandre peut être compris entre 1 et 30 m/min, de préférence entre 10 et 20 m/min. The calendering is preferably carried out at a temperature of between 150 and 250 Ό, preferably between 180 and 210 Ό. The calendering is preferably carried out with a pressure of from 150 to 250 kg, preferably from 180 to 230 kg. The speed of rotation of the calender can be between 1 and 30 m / min, preferably between 10 and 20 m / min.
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu mis en œuvre à l'étape (a) a un poids compris entre 20 et 33 g/m2, de préférence entre 24 et 28 g/m2. According to one embodiment, the fabric used in step (a) has a weight of between 20 and 33 g / m 2 , preferably between 24 and 28 g / m 2 .
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu issu de l'étape (c) a un poids compris entre 25 et 40 g/m2, de préférence entre 31 et 36 g/m2. Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu mis en œuvre comporte de 30 à 50 fils de chaîne par cm et de 30 à 50 fils de trame par cm. According to one embodiment, the fabric resulting from step (c) has a weight of between 25 and 40 g / m 2 , preferably between 31 and 36 g / m 2 . According to one embodiment, the fabric used comprises from 30 to 50 warp threads per cm and from 30 to 50 weft threads per cm.
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le tissu mis en œuvre comporte des fils dont les filaments on un DPF (decitex par filament) compris entre 1 et 3. According to one embodiment, the fabric used comprises threads whose filaments have a DPF (decitex per filament) of between 1 and 3.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le tissu léger de la présente invention est obtenu par enduction d'une dispersion aqueuse de polyuréthane. In one embodiment, the lightweight fabric of the present invention is obtained by coating an aqueous polyurethane dispersion.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le tissu léger de la présente invention est obtenu par enduction d'une dispersion de polyuréthane en phase solvant. Un polyuréthane comporte une partie raide (isocyanate) et une partie souple (polyol). Le ratio entre ces deux composantes permet d'obtenir un polymère plus ou moins raide. Un polyol type polyéther ou polycarbonate est stable à l'hydrolyse et donc durable. La composition d'enduction comporte un réticulant, en particulier un isocyanate ou une mélamine, ou encore un mélange des deux. In one embodiment, the lightweight fabric of the present invention is obtained by coating a solvent-phase polyurethane dispersion. A polyurethane has a steep portion (isocyanate) and a flexible portion (polyol). The ratio between these two components makes it possible to obtain a more or less stiff polymer. A polyol type polyether or polycarbonate is stable to hydrolysis and therefore durable. The coating composition comprises a crosslinking agent, in particular an isocyanate or a melamine, or a mixture of both.
Par isocyanate, on entend à la fois un isocyanate et un polyisocyanate, seul ou en mélange avec un ou plusieurs autres isocyanates et/ou polyisocyanates. Le terme « isocyanate" doit être compris ici comme regroupant les termes "isocyanate" et "polyisocyanate". By isocyanate is meant both an isocyanate and a polyisocyanate, alone or in admixture with one or more other isocyanates and / or polyisocyanates. The term "isocyanate" should be understood herein to include the terms "isocyanate" and "polyisocyanate".
Suivant un mode de réalisation, la proportion de réticulant sec par rapport au polyuréthane sec est de 5 % ou plus de 5 %, notamment entre 10 et 30 %, en poids. Suivant un mode de réalisation préféré, le polyuréthane est à base polyéther. According to one embodiment, the proportion of dry crosslinker relative to the dry polyurethane is 5% or more than 5%, especially between 10 and 30%, by weight. According to a preferred embodiment, the polyurethane is based on polyether.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le polyuréthane base polyéther est linéaire ou ramifié et comporte une partie polyol de type polyéther et une partie isocyanate. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, la partie isocyanate est de préférence aliphatique, en effet les isocyanates aromatiques ont l'inconvénient de jaunir au cours du temps. In one embodiment, the polyether polyether base is linear or branched and comprises a polyol polyether portion and an isocyanate portion. In a particular embodiment, the isocyanate portion is preferably aliphatic, in fact the aromatic isocyanates have the disadvantage of yellowing over time.
Suivant un autre mode de réalisation, le polyuréthane est à base polycarbonate. In another embodiment, the polyurethane is based on polycarbonate.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le polyuréthane base polycarbonate est linéaire ou ramifié et comporte une partie polyol de type polycarbonate et une partie isocyanate. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, la partie isocyanate est de préférence aliphatique, en effet les isocyanates aromatiques ont l'inconvénient de jaunir au cours du temps. In one embodiment, the polycarbonate base polycarbonate is linear or branched and has a polycarbonate polyol portion and an isocyanate portion. In a particular embodiment, the isocyanate portion is preferably aliphatic, in fact the aromatic isocyanates have the disadvantage of yellowing over time.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le réticulant isocyanate mis en œuvre est bloqué (notamment fonctions isocyanates masquées) afin de disposer d'un produit ayant une durée de vie en pot (« pot-life ») plus élevé, comme cela est connu en soi. De manière générale, l'homme du métier connaît bien le domaine des polyuréthanes et est en mesure de proposer des compositions d'enduction conformes à l'invention et notamment permettant de produire une enduction ayant le module d'allongement adapté. In one embodiment, the isocyanate crosslinking agent used is blocked (in particular masked isocyanate functional groups) in order to have a product having a longer pot life ("pot-life"), as is known per se. . In general, one skilled in the art is well acquainted with the field of polyurethanes and is able to propose coating compositions in accordance with the invention and in particular for producing a coating having the appropriate elongation modulus.
L'étape d'enduction est effectuée par les techniques classiquement utilisées dans l'enduction des textiles comme l'enduction directe. On entend par, enduction directe, une enduction par dépose directe à l'aide d'une racle ou d'un cylindre ou par lame d'air, enduction par foulard, à la barre Meyer (ou procédé Champion). The coating step is carried out by the techniques conventionally used in the coating of textiles such as direct coating. The term "direct coating" is understood to mean a coating by direct application using a doctor blade or a cylinder or by an air knife, coating by a scarf, at the Meyer bar (or Champion process).
Dans un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend après l'étape c) une ou plusieurs étape(s) de post-traitement conférant au tissu des propriétés anti-salissures et/ou déperlantes. In one embodiment, the method comprises after step c) one or more post-treatment stage (s) giving the fabric antifouling and / or water-repellent properties.
On entend, par traitement anti-salissure, un traitement à l'aide de produits anti-statiques et/ou anti-tack. On entend, par traitement déperlant, un traitement à l'aide de résines fluorées avec ou sans extender isocyanate. Le traitement déperlant est suivi d'une étape de séchage/réticulation.  By anti-soiling treatment is meant treatment with anti-static and / or anti-tack products. The term "water-repellent treatment" means treatment with fluorinated resins with or without isocyanate extender. The water-repellent treatment is followed by a drying / crosslinking step.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le post-traitement est appliqué par toute méthode connue de l'homme du métier et notamment par foulardage, enduction, pulvérisation ou traitement plasma. In one embodiment, the post-treatment is applied by any method known to those skilled in the art and in particular by padding, coating, spraying or plasma treatment.
Suivant un mode de réalisation, le polyuréthane utilisé est souple et est donc durable aux sollicitations mécaniques. Il répond notamment aux spécifications suivantes : 1 à 5 MPa selon la norme DIN 53504 According to one embodiment, the polyurethane used is flexible and is therefore durable with mechanical stresses. It meets the following specifications: 1 to 5 MPa according to DIN 53504
Dans le mode de réalisation en phase aqueuse, le polymère est finement dispersé dans l'eau sous forme de billes micrométriques. Cette dispersion est stable grâce à l'ajout de tensio-actifs. Lors du procédé, l'enduction déposée sur le tissu sèche sous l'action de la chaleur des fours (évaporation de l'eau) et les billes se rassemblent (coalescence). On a alors un film microporeux. Avec l'élévation de la température dans les fours, les billes fondent et forment un film continu. In the aqueous phase embodiment, the polymer is finely dispersed in water in the form of micrometer beads. This dispersion is stable thanks to the addition of surfactants. During the process, the coating deposited on the fabric dries under the action of the heat of the furnaces (evaporation of the water) and the balls collect (coalescence). We then have a microporous film. As the temperature rises in the furnaces, the balls melt and form a continuous film.
Le polyuréthane phase aqueuse possède les caractéristiques intrinsèques au polymère et des caractéristiques physico-chimiques liées à sa mise en forme. Ainsi, dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le polyuréthane phase aqueuse est caractérisé par un module à 100% d'allongement inférieur à 5 MPa. Le polyuréthane phase aqueuse peut également être caractérisé par une concentration de la dispersion comprise entre 30 et 60%. Enfin, le polyuréthane phase aqueuse de la présente invention peut être caractérisé par une viscosité inférieure à 10 000 Pa.s à 23 (norme DIN EN ISO/ A3). Dans le mode de réalisation en phase solvant, le polymère est dissout dans le milieu et on évite la phase de coalescence. Le film se forme naturellement lors de l'évaporation du solvant. Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le solvant est choisi dans le groupe constitué par les solvants aromatiques, les alcools, les cétones, les esters, le diméthylformamide et la n- méthylpyrolidone. The aqueous phase polyurethane has the intrinsic characteristics of the polymer and physicochemical characteristics related to its shaping. Thus, in one embodiment of the invention, the aqueous phase polyurethane is characterized by a modulus at 100% elongation less than 5 MPa. The aqueous phase polyurethane can also be characterized by a concentration of the dispersion of between 30 and 60%. Finally, the aqueous phase polyurethane of the present invention can be characterized by a viscosity of less than 10,000 Pa.s at 23 (DIN EN ISO / A3). In the solvent phase embodiment, the polymer is dissolved in the medium and the coalescence phase is avoided. The film naturally forms during the evaporation of the solvent. In one embodiment of the invention, the solvent is selected from the group consisting of aromatic solvents, alcohols, ketones, esters, dimethylformamide and n-methylpyrrolidone.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier le solvant est choisi dans le groupe constitué par le toluène, le xylène, l'isopropanol, le butanol, le 1 -méthoxypropane-2-ol, la méthyl éthyl cétone, l'acétone, la butanone, l'acétate d'éthyle, le diméthylformamide et la n- méthylpyrolidone. In a particular embodiment, the solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, isopropanol, butanol, 1-methoxypropan-2-ol, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, butanone, and the like. ethyl acetate, dimethylformamide and n-methylpyrrolidone.
Dans un mode de réalisation le polyuréthane phase solvant peut être caractérisé par sa concentration comprise entre 20 et 50%. In one embodiment, the polyurethane solvent phase may be characterized by its concentration of between 20 and 50%.
Dans un mode de réalisation le polyuréthane phase solvant peut être caractérisé par une viscosité inférieure à 100 000 Pa.s à 23 (norme DIN EN ISO/A3). La composition d'enduction du tissu de la présente invention, dispersion aqueuse de polymère, peut comprendre en outre des additifs. In one embodiment, the polyurethane solvent phase may be characterized by a viscosity of less than 100,000 Pa.s at 23 (DIN EN ISO / A3 standard). The coating composition of the fabric of the present invention, an aqueous polymer dispersion, may further comprise additives.
Lesdits additifs peuvent être tout additif couramment employés dans les compositions d'enduction de tissu. Ils sont notamment choisis dans le groupe constitué par les modificateurs de viscosité, les stabilisateurs UV, les colorants, les dispersants, les tensio- actifs. Suivant un mode de réalisation, l'enduction comprend un agent anti-UV. Said additives may be any additive commonly used in fabric coating compositions. They are especially chosen from the group consisting of viscosity modifiers, UV stabilizers, dyes, dispersants and surfactants. In one embodiment, the coating comprises an anti-UV agent.
Le tissu de la présente invention peut être tout tissu connu de l'homme de l'art nécessitant une enduction. Notamment, le tissu de la présente invention est constitué de fils en matériau synthétique ou artificiel. Il peut s'agir notamment de polyamide, de polyester ou de viscose. The fabric of the present invention may be any tissue known to those skilled in the art requiring coating. In particular, the fabric of the present invention consists of son of synthetic or artificial material. It may be in particular polyamide, polyester or viscose.
L'invention a l'avantage d'utiliser des fils fins et comportant un nombre élevé de filaments constitutifs. En plus d'apporter une légèreté au tissu, cela permet, au moment de l'enduction, et notamment si cette dernière est précédée d'une étape d'étalement des fibres par calandrage, de diminuer sensiblement la porosité du tissu avant enduction, ce qui permet de diminuer l'emport de polymère et donc le poids relatif de l'enduction, et en fin de compte cela permet aussi de diminuer le poids final du tissu, tout en ayant de bonnes propriétés en termes de porosité et de durabilité. Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le tissu est confectionné de fils de chaîne et de fils de trame présentant des caractéristiques mécaniques différentes. L'invention a aussi pour objet un tissu léger susceptible d'être obtenu par la mise en œuvre du procédé selon l'invention. The invention has the advantage of using fine son and having a high number of constituent filaments. In addition to providing lightness to the fabric, this allows, at the time of coating, and especially if the latter is preceded by a step of spreading the fibers by calendering, substantially reduce the porosity of the fabric before coating, this which makes it possible to reduce the polymer load and therefore the relative weight of the coating, and in the end it also makes it possible to reduce the final weight of the fabric, while having good properties in terms of porosity and durability. In one embodiment of the invention, the fabric is made of warp yarns and weft yarns having different mechanical characteristics. The invention also relates to a lightweight fabric that can be obtained by implementing the method according to the invention.
Ce type de tissu peut être avantageusement utilisé comme voile de vol, notamment parapente, qui requiert des résistances mécaniques, des résistances aux conditions climatiques et des résistances dans le temps importantes. This type of fabric can be advantageously used as a flying veil, especially paragliding, which requires mechanical strengths, resistance to weather conditions and significant resistance over time.
Le tissu de l'invention présente avantageusement une durabilité élevée, notamment une stabilité à l'eau importante. Cette stabilité peut s'apprécier par différentes méthodes de vieillissement accéléré, décrites dans la partie exemples: The fabric of the invention advantageously has a high durability, especially a high water stability. This stability can be assessed by different accelerated aging methods, described in the examples section:
- porosité après lavage : elle doit rester de préférence inférieure ou égale à 70 L/m2/min sous 2000 Pa ; - porosity after washing: it must remain preferably less than or equal to 70 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa;
porosité après sollicitation mécanique : elle doit rester de préférence inférieure à 40, de préférence à 20 L/m2/min sous 2000 Pa ; porosity after mechanical stress: it must remain preferably less than 40, preferably 20 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa;
- porosité après hydrolyse et sollicitation mécanique : elle doit rester de préférence inférieure ou égale à 70 L/m2/min sous 2000 Pa. - porosity after hydrolysis and mechanical stress: it must remain preferably less than or equal to 70 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa.
Les tissus selon l'invention peuvent trouver application dans toutes les applications où le gain en poids, en durabilité, notamment stabilité à l'eau, et en porosité présente un avantage. The fabrics according to the invention can find application in all applications where the weight gain, durability, especially water stability, and porosity has an advantage.
L'invention a ainsi pour objet un article tel qu'une voile de parapente, comportant ou confectionné à partir d'un tissu selon l'invention. The invention thus relates to an article such as a paraglider sail, comprising or fabricated from a fabric according to the invention.
L'invention va maintenant être décrite à l'aide d'exemples correspondant aux modes de réalisation préférés, ceux-ci étant donnés à titre d'illustration sans pour autant être limitatifs. The invention will now be described by means of examples corresponding to the preferred embodiments, these being given by way of illustration without being limiting.
Exemple 1 : Example 1
Fil de chaîne : 22 dtex avec un DPF de 1 ,7  Chain yarn: 22 dtex with a DPF of 1, 7
Fil de trame : 33 dtex avec un DPF de 1 ,1 Weft yarn: 33 dtex with a DPF of 1, 1
Matériau des fils : polyamide, polyester ou viscose Material of the yarns: polyamide, polyester or viscose
Contexture : 43,7 fils/cm en chaîne et 47,6 fils/cm en trame  Contexture: 43.7 threads / cm warp and 47.6 threads / cm weft
Taux de couverture 2,8 Le calandrage est réalisé à une température comprise entre 180 et 210 , à une pression comprise entre 180 et 230 kg, et à une vitesse comprise entre 10 et 20 m/min. Coverage rate 2.8 The calendering is carried out at a temperature of between 180 and 210, at a pressure of between 180 and 230 kg, and at a speed of between 10 and 20 m / min.
Formulation d'enduction: Coating formulation:
PU base polyéther, aliphatique, module 100% allongements 2 MPa : 70% (sec : 31 ,5 %) Durcisseur à base d'isocyanate : 15% (sec : 6,8 %)  PU polyether base, aliphatic, modulus 100% elongation 2 MPa: 70% (dry: 31, 5%) Hardener based on isocyanate: 15% (dry: 6.8%)
Additifs : 10% Additives: 10%
Epaississant : 5% Thickener: 5%
(sauf indication contraire, les % sont en poids) L'enduction est réalisée à la racle, et est suivie d'une étape de séchage (à une température comprise entre 90 et 120 ), puis d'une étape de ré ticulation (température comprise entre 140 et 210 ). La vitesse est comprise entre 10 et 30 m/min.  (Unless otherwise indicated,% is by weight) The coating is performed by squeegee, and is followed by a drying step (at a temperature between 90 and 120), then a crosslinking step (temperature between 140 and 210). The speed is between 10 and 30 m / min.
Le tissu subit ensuite un post traitement déperlant : The fabric then undergoes a water repellent post-treatment:
Formulation : Résine fluorée 10%  Formulation: Fluorinated resin 10%
Eau 89%  Water 89%
Mouillant 1 %  Wetting 1%
Ce post traitement est appliqué par foulardage, puis séchage (température entre 90 et 120 ), suivi d'une réticulation (température entre 140-210 ), vitesse entre 10 et 30 m/min. This post treatment is applied by padding, then drying (temperature between 90 and 120), followed by crosslinking (temperature between 140-210), speed between 10 and 30 m / min.
Exemple 2 : Example 2
Fil de chaîne : 22 dtex avec un DPF de 1 ,7  Chain yarn: 22 dtex with a DPF of 1, 7
Fil de trame : 33 dtex avec un DPF de 1 ,1 Weft yarn: 33 dtex with a DPF of 1, 1
Matériau des fils : polyamide Material of the yarns: polyamide
Contexture : 43,7 fils/cm en chaîne et 47,6 fils/cm en trame  Contexture: 43.7 threads / cm warp and 47.6 threads / cm weft
Poids du tissu : 27,7 g/m2 Fabric weight: 27.7 g / m 2
Taux de couverture 2,8 Coverage rate 2.8
Le calandrage est réalisé à une température comprise entre 180 et 210°C, à une pression comprise entre 180 et 230 kg, et à une vitesse comprise entre 10 et 20 m/min.  The calendering is carried out at a temperature of between 180 and 210 ° C., at a pressure of between 180 and 230 kg, and at a speed of between 10 and 20 m / min.
Formulation d'enduction : (5,8 g/m2) Coating formulation: (5.8 g / m 2 )
Evotop U80ES 70 % (PU base polyéther, aliphatique, module 100% allongements 2 MPa) Rottal 444 15% (durcisseur isocyanate)  Evotop U80ES 70% (PU polyether base, aliphatic, modulus 100% elongations 2 MPa) Rottal 444 15% (isocyanate hardener)
Additifs 10% (anti-UV, agent mouillant, biocide) 10% additives (anti-UV, wetting agent, biocide)
Rotta 1227 5% (épaississant) Rotta 1227 5% (thickener)
L'enduction est réalisée à la racle puis une étape de séchage (température entre 90 et 120°C) / réticulation (température entre 140-210°C) est réalisée. La vitesse est comprise entre 10 et 30 m/min. The coating is performed by squeegee and then a drying step (temperature between 90 and 120 ° C) / crosslinking (temperature between 140-210 ° C) is performed. The speed is between 10 and 30 m / min.
Le tissu subit ensuite un post traitement déperlant (0,5 g/m2) : The fabric then undergoes a water repellent treatment (0.5 g / m 2 ):
Formulation : Thobotex SLF 10% (résine fluorée) Formulation: Thobotex SLF 10% (fluororesin)
Eau 89%  Water 89%
Mouillant 1 %  Wetting 1%
Ce post traitement est appliqué par foulardage, et suivi par un séchage (température entre 90 et 120°C) / réticulation (température entre 140- 210°C), vitesse entre 10 et 30 m/min. Le tissu obtenu a u n poids de 34 g/m2 (poids d u tissu avant enduction 27,7 g/m2, la contribution du traitement déperlant sur le poids final du tissu est d'environ 0,5 g/m2) This post treatment is applied by padding, followed by drying (temperature between 90 and 120 ° C) / crosslinking (temperature between 140-210 ° C), speed between 10 and 30 m / min. The fabric obtained at a weight of 34 g / m 2 (weight of the fabric before coating 27.7 g / m 2 , the contribution of the water-repellent treatment to the final weight of the fabric is approximately 0.5 g / m 2 )
On mesure l'allongement en % sous une force de 3 pounds (Lbs) appliquée dans le biais. Cet allongement caractérise la raideur du tissu dans le biais. La norme utilisée est la NF EN ISO 13934-1 . On réalise des éprouvettes de largeur 50 mm et de longueur 300 mm. Les mords du dynamomètre sont éloignés de 200 mm et la mesure est réalisée à une vitesse de 100 mm/min. Allongement dans le biais sens chaîne sous 3 Lbs 6,0 % The elongation in% is measured under a force of 3 pounds (Lbs) applied in the bias. This elongation characterizes the stiffness of the fabric in the bias. The standard used is NF EN ISO 13934-1. Specimens of width 50 mm and length 300 mm are produced. The edges of the dynamometer are 200 mm apart and the measurement is made at a speed of 100 mm / min. Elongation in the skew direction under 3 Lbs 6.0%
Allongement dans le biais sens trame sous 3 Lbs 6,3 % Elongation in the frame direction bias under 3 Lbs 6.3%
On mesure également le vieillissement du tissu par différentes méthodes. The aging of the fabric is also measured by different methods.
On mesure la porosité du tissu après 4 cycles d' 1 heure de lavage à l'eau à 30 Ό. Idéalement la porosité après traitement doit être inférieure à 70 L/m2/min. The porosity of the fabric is measured after 4 cycles of 1 hour of washing with water at 30 Ό. Ideally the porosity after treatment should be less than 70 L / m 2 / min.
On mesure également la porosité après sollicitation mécanique. Pour réaliser cette mesure on fait flotter à grande vitesse le tissu fixé sur un montage de type moulin (montage à 4 pales, le tissu étant fixé au bout d'une des pales). Idéalement la porosité après 1 h30 de traitement doit être inférieure à 40 L/m2/min, de préférence inférieure à 20 L/m2/min. The porosity is also measured after mechanical stressing. To carry out this measurement, the fabric fixed on a mill-type assembly is floated at high speed (4-blade assembly, the fabric being fixed at the end of one of the blades). Ideally the porosity after 1 h 30 of treatment should be less than 40 L / m 2 / min, preferably less than 20 L / m 2 / min.
On mesure également la porosité du tissu après hydrolyse. Pour ce faire on place le tissu pendant 4 heures dans un autocuiseur Cocotte minute (« pressure cooker ») avec de l'eau à température et pression de fonctionnement. On applique ensuite 1 h de traitement avec flotteur comme déterminé ci-dessus et on mesure la porosité du tissu final. Idéalement la porosité après traitement doit être inférieure à 70 L/m2/min. Résultats : Porosité à neuf 1 L/m2/min sous 2000 Pa. The porosity of the fabric after hydrolysis is also measured. To do this we place the fabric for 4 hours in a pressure cooker pressure cooker with water at temperature and operating pressure. 1 hour of float treatment is then applied as determined above and the porosity of the final fabric is measured. Ideally the porosity after treatment should be less than 70 L / m 2 / min. Results: Porosity at nine 1 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa.
Porosité après 4 lavages 30°C : 52 L/m2/min sous 20 00 Pa. Porosity after 4 washes 30 ° C: 52 L / m 2 / min under 20 00 Pa.
Porosité après hydrolyse plus flotteur : 9 L/m2/min sous 2000 Pa. Porosité après 90 min de flotteurs : entre 10 et 14 L/m2/min sous 2000 Pa. Porosity after hydrolysis plus float: 9 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa. Porosity after 90 min of floats: between 10 and 14 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa.

Claims

Revendications claims
1 . Tissu léger formé de fils de chaîne et de fils de trame continus, ce tissu étant enduit sur une et/ou ses deux faces par un polyuréthane, caractérisé par la combinaison des caractéristiques suivantes : 1. Lightweight fabric formed of warp yarns and continuous weft yarns, this fabric being coated on one and / or both sides with a polyurethane, characterized by the combination of the following features:
- le tissu nu présente un taux de couverture TC compris entre 1 ,8 et 4, de préférence compris entre 2,6 et 3,2, TC étant calculé comme suit : the bare fabric has a coverage ratio TC between 1, 8 and 4, preferably between 2.6 and 3.2, TC being calculated as follows:
TC = (n om bre de fi la ments/cm x d iamètre d ' 1 fi lament)chaîne + (nombre de filaments/cm x diamètre d'1 filament)trame, TC = (n u m of the elements fi / cm xd iamètre of one filament) INE cha + (number of filaments / cm diameter x 1 filament) t ra me,
le polyuréthane est à base polyéther ou polycarbonate ayant un module à 100% d'allongement inférieur ou égal à 5 MPa (mesuré selon la norme DIN 53504), son taux d'emport sec est supérieur ou égal à 10 % en poids, de préférence compris entre 12 et 30 %, mieux entre 15 et 25 %,  the polyurethane is based on polyether or polycarbonate having a modulus at 100% elongation less than or equal to 5 MPa (measured according to DIN 53504), its dry weight ratio is greater than or equal to 10% by weight, preferably between 12 and 30%, better between 15 and 25%,
le tissu présente un poids, enduction comprise, allant de 25 à 40 g/m2. the fabric has a weight, including coating, ranging from 25 to 40 g / m 2 .
2. Tissu léger selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le polyuréthane a un module d'allongement inférieur ou égal à 4 MPa, de préférence inférieur ou égal à 3 MPa. 2. lightweight fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyurethane has an elongation modulus less than or equal to 4 MPa, preferably less than or equal to 3 MPa.
3. Tissu léger selon la revendication 1 ou 2, ayant une perméabilité à l'air inférieure ou égale à 20 L/m2/min sous 2000 Pa, telle que mesurée selon la norme NFG071 1 1 sur une surface de mesure de 100 cm2. 3. Lightweight fabric according to claim 1 or 2, having an air permeability less than or equal to 20 L / m 2 / min under 2000 Pa, as measured according to standard NFG071 1 1 on a measuring surface of 100 cm. 2 .
4. Tissu léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un allongement dans le biais sens chaîne et trame sous 3 Lbs inférieur à 10 %, selon la norme NF EN ISO 13934-1. 4. Lightweight fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has an elongation in the warp and weft direction under 3 Lbs less than 10%, according to standard NF EN ISO 13934-1.
5. Tissu léger selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un allongement dans le biais sens chaîne et trame sous 3 Lbs compris entre 1 et 10%, de préférence compris entre 3 et 10%, mieux entre 5 et 10%. 5. lightweight fabric according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it has an elongation in the warp and weft direction under 3 Lbs between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 10%, better between 5 and 10% .
6. Tissu léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les fils de chaîne et/ou de trame ont un dtex compris entre 1 1 et 44 dtex et un DPF (decitex par filament) compris entre 1 et 4. 6. lightweight fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the warp and / or weft son have a dtex between 1 1 and 44 dtex and a DPF (decitex filament) between 1 and 4.
7. Tissu léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ccee qquuee h le tissu nu a un poids compris entre 20 et 33 g/m2, de préférence entre 24 et 28 g/m2. A lightweight fabric as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the naked fabric has a weight of between 20 and 33 g / m 2 , preferably between 24 and 28 g / m 2 .
8. Tissu léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tissu enduit a un poids compris entre 25 et 40, de préférence entre 31 et 36 g/m2. 8. lightweight fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coated fabric has a weight of between 25 and 40, preferably between 31 and 36 g / m 2 .
9. Tissu léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tissu comporte de 30 à 50 fils de chaîne par cm et de 30 à 50 fils de trame par cm. 9. Lightweight fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fabric comprises from 30 to 50 warp threads per cm and from 30 to 50 weft threads per cm.
10. Tissu léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'enduction polyuréthane comprend un réticulant isocyanate et/ou mélamine, la proportion de réticulant sec par rapport au polyuréthane sec étant de 5 % ou plus de 5 %, notamment entre 10 et 30 %, en poids. 10. Lightweight fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane coating comprises an isocyanate and / or melamine crosslinking agent, the proportion of dry crosslinker relative to the dry polyurethane being 5% or more than 5%, in particular between 10 and 30%, by weight.
1 1 . Tissu léger selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre un traitement anti-salissures et/ou un traitement déperlant. 1 1. Lightweight fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises an anti-fouling treatment and / or a water-repellent treatment.
12. Procédé de fabrication d'un tissu léger enduit, notamment d'un tissu selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel : 12. A process for producing a light coated fabric, in particular a fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein:
(a) on dispose d'un tissu présentant un taux de couverture TC compris entre 1 ,8 et 4, de préférence compris entre 2,6 et 3,2, TC étant calculé comme suit :  (a) a fabric having a TC coverage ratio of between 1.8 and 4, preferably 2.6 to 3.2, wherein TC is calculated as follows:
TC = (n om bre de fi la ments/cm x d iamètre d ' 1 fi lament)chaîne + (nombre de filaments/cm x diamètre d'1 filament)trame, TC = (number of filaments / cm x filament iameter) warp + (number of filaments / cm x diameter of 1 filament) weft ,
(b) on enduit une ou deux faces de ce tissu à l'aide d'un polyuréthane base polyéther ou polycarbonate ayant un module à 100% d'allongement inférieur ou égal à 5 MPa (mesuré selon la norme DIN 53504), avec un taux d'emport sec supérieur ou égal à 10 % en poids, de préférence compris entre 12 et 30 %, mieux entre 15 et 25 %, (b) one or both sides of this fabric are coated with a polyether-based polyether or polycarbonate base having a modulus at 100% elongation of less than or equal to 5 MPa (measured according to DIN 53504), with a dry matter content greater than or equal to 10% by weight, preferably between 12 and 30%, better still between 15 and 25%,
(c) on chauffe le tissu jusqu'au séchage/réticulation de l'enduction, (c) the fabric is heated to drying / crosslinking of the coating,
(d) on récupère un tissu présentant un poids, enduction comprise, allant de 25 à 40 g/m2. (d) recovering a fabric having a weight, including coating, ranging from 25 to 40 g / m 2 .
13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que, avant enduction à l'étape (b), on calandre le tissu. 13. The method of claim 12, characterized in that, before coating in step (b), the fabric is calendered.
14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'on réalise l'enduction sur la face de calandrage. 14. The method of claim 13, characterized in that the coating is carried out on the calender face.
15. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'on applique un traitement d'apprêt sur la face du tissu, avant enduction de cette face, ce traitement d'apprêt accroissant l'accrochage de l'enduction sur le tissu. 15. The method of claim 13, characterized in that one applies a primer treatment on the face of the fabric, before coating this face, this primer treatment increasing the adhesion of the coating on the fabric.
16. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une enduction sur la face opposée à la face de calandrage. 16. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that it comprises a coating on the face opposite to the calender face.
17. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 16, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une ou plusieurs étapes de post-traitement conférant au tissu des propriétés anti-salissures et/ou déperlantes. 17. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that it comprises one or more post-treatment stages giving the fabric anti-fouling and / or water-repellent properties.
PCT/FR2010/052094 2009-10-05 2010-10-05 Coated light fabric, in particular for a flight sail WO2011042653A1 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES10777052.1T ES2651917T3 (en) 2009-10-05 2010-10-05 Lightweight coated fabric, especially for flying sail
EP10777052.1A EP2486185B1 (en) 2009-10-05 2010-10-05 Coated lightweight fabric, in particular for webs for flights
PL10777052T PL2486185T3 (en) 2009-10-05 2010-10-05 Coated lightweight fabric, in particular for webs for flights
BR112012007776-7A BR112012007776B1 (en) 2009-10-05 2010-10-05 lightweight fabric formed of warp yarns and continuous weft yarns and manufacturing process for a coated light fabric
KR1020127011627A KR101765730B1 (en) 2009-10-05 2010-10-05 Coated light fabric, in particular for a flight sail
ZA2012/02811A ZA201202811B (en) 2009-10-05 2012-04-17 Coated light fabric, in particular for a flight sail
IN3306DEN2012 IN2012DN03306A (en) 2009-10-05 2012-04-17
HRP20171757TT HRP20171757T1 (en) 2009-10-05 2017-11-14 Coated lightweight fabric, in particular for webs for flights

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0956929A FR2950903B1 (en) 2009-10-05 2009-10-05 LIGHTWEIGHT FABRIC COATED, IN PARTICULAR FOR SAILING
FR0956929 2009-10-05

Publications (1)

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WO2011042653A1 true WO2011042653A1 (en) 2011-04-14

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PCT/FR2010/052094 WO2011042653A1 (en) 2009-10-05 2010-10-05 Coated light fabric, in particular for a flight sail

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EP (1) EP2486185B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101765730B1 (en)
BR (1) BR112012007776B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2651917T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2950903B1 (en)
HR (1) HRP20171757T1 (en)
HU (1) HUE037278T2 (en)
IN (1) IN2012DN03306A (en)
PL (1) PL2486185T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2486185T (en)
WO (1) WO2011042653A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201202811B (en)

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CN113604924A (en) * 2021-08-21 2021-11-05 石俭平 Polyurethane-coated moulding yarn and fabric
FR3114821A1 (en) * 2020-10-05 2022-04-08 Porcher Industries Lightweight coated fabric, especially for flying wings
FR3114820A1 (en) * 2020-10-05 2022-04-08 Porcher Industries Lightweight coated fabric, especially for Spinnaker
WO2022152882A1 (en) 2021-01-15 2022-07-21 Porcher Industries Polyester fabric for a boat traction structure

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US8795780B2 (en) * 2011-08-04 2014-08-05 Soon Kie JUNG Textile fabric sheet having stain and liquid resistance and the preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3114821A1 (en) * 2020-10-05 2022-04-08 Porcher Industries Lightweight coated fabric, especially for flying wings
FR3114820A1 (en) * 2020-10-05 2022-04-08 Porcher Industries Lightweight coated fabric, especially for Spinnaker
WO2022073901A1 (en) * 2020-10-05 2022-04-14 Porcher Industries Coated lightweight fabric, in particular for a spinnaker
WO2022073902A1 (en) * 2020-10-05 2022-04-14 Porcher Industries Coated lightweight fabric, in particular for a gliding wing
WO2022152882A1 (en) 2021-01-15 2022-07-21 Porcher Industries Polyester fabric for a boat traction structure
FR3118969A1 (en) * 2021-01-15 2022-07-22 Porcher Industries Polyester fabric for boat tensile structure
CN113604924A (en) * 2021-08-21 2021-11-05 石俭平 Polyurethane-coated moulding yarn and fabric

Also Published As

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BR112012007776B1 (en) 2021-02-09
HUE037278T2 (en) 2018-08-28
IN2012DN03306A (en) 2015-06-26
FR2950903B1 (en) 2012-09-21
ZA201202811B (en) 2012-12-27
KR101765730B1 (en) 2017-08-07
KR20120083901A (en) 2012-07-26
HRP20171757T1 (en) 2017-12-29
PL2486185T3 (en) 2018-05-30
ES2651917T3 (en) 2018-01-30
BR112012007776A2 (en) 2020-08-11
EP2486185A1 (en) 2012-08-15
FR2950903A1 (en) 2011-04-08
PT2486185T (en) 2018-01-08
EP2486185B1 (en) 2017-11-01

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