Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
  • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
  • A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
  • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0043—Nose
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/08—Solutions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
  • A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

• the present invention relates to olopatadine formulations used for treating allergic and inflammatory diseases. More particularly, the present invention relates to formulations of olopatadine and their use for treating and/or preventing allergic or inflammatory disorders of the eye, ear, skin, and nose.
• the topical formulations may be solutions, suspensions or gels.
• the formulations contain olopatadine, an isotonic agent, and "if required, a preservative, a buffering agent, a stabilizer, a viscous vehicle and the like.” See Col. 6, lines 30-43. "[P]olyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid or the like" are mentioned as the viscous vehicle. See Col. 6, lines 55-57.
• Phosphodiesterase type-lV is the predominant cyclic nucleotide hydrolyzing enzyme found in inflammatory leukocytes, such as mast cells, neutrophils, monocytes and T-lymphocytes.
• PDE4 inhibitor compounds are known to be useful as anti-inflammatory and anti-allergy agenls.
• solutions arc easier to manufacture, easier to handle, provide belter penetration to a target site of action, and provide better dosage consistency.
• a formulation comprising both olopatadine and PDE4 inhibitor compounds is desirable because the combination addresses both the early and late phases of the allergic response.
• a formulation comprising compounds that enhance the solubility of olopatadine is desirable, because it assures that the olopatadine will not precipitate during a desired shelf life, and allows for an increased concentration of solubilized olopatadine.
• the invention provides pharmaceutical aqueous solution compositions comprising olopatadine and a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I, as provided herein.
• the invention also provides methods for treating allergic and inflammatory conditions of the eye, ear, skin, and nose.
• the concentration of olopatadine is at least 0.17% w/v
• the concentration of the PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I is at least 0.05% w/v in a solution composition.
• Figure 1 is a graph showing Olopatadine Free Base Solubility versus PDE4
• Figure 2 is a graph showing Olopatadine Free Base Solubility versus PDE4 inhibitor Concentration (milliMolar).
• the invention provides solution compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of olopatadine and a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I that enhances the aqueous solubility of approximately 0.2- 0.6% olopatadine.
• therapeutically effective amount refers to the amount of a solution composition of the invention, olopatadine, or a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I determined to produce a therapeutic response in a mammal.
• therapeutically effective amounts are readily ascertained by one of ordinary skill in the art and using methods as described herein.
• compositions refer to a composition comprising olopatadine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier (such as an ophthalmologic or nasal or otic carrier, or carrier suitable for delivery to the skin), excipient, or diluent as described herein that is capable of inducing a desired therapeutic effect (e.g. reducing, preventing, and/or eliminating allergies or allergy symptoms or inflammation) when properly administered to a patient.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as an ophthalmologic or nasal or otic carrier, or carrier suitable for delivery to the skin
• compositions in which olopatadine (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) and a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt) are in solution, and wherein the overall composition is a solution, suspension, or semi-solid (for example cream, gel, or emulsion), depending on the presence or absence of any cxcipients in the composition.
• the term "pharmaceutically acceptable ophthalmologic or nasal or otic carrier” refers to those carriers that cause at most, little to no ocular, otic, or nasal irritation, provide suitable preservation if needed, and deliver olopatadine and a compound of Formula I in a homogenous dosage.
• the term "patient” includes human and animal subjects.
• a solution composition of the invention comprises a PDE4 inhibitor compound having structural Formula I:
• R. 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of -(CH 2 ) 5 G 1 G 2 G 3 , acyl, acylalkyl, carboxyalkyl, cyanoalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, amidoaikyl, amino, alkyl, alkylalkoxy, aminoalkyl.
• G 1 is selected from the group consisting of aikoxy, amino, amido, carbonyl, hydroxy, ether, an amino acid, and null;
• G 2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aikoxy, amino, aryl, halo, haloaikyi, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, carboxylalkylamino, guanidine, an amino acid, and null, any of which may be optionally substituted;
• G 3 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aikoxy, amino, hydroxy, ether, carboxyi, hydroxamic acid, an amino acid, phosphonatc, phosphoamide, and null, any of which may be optionally substituted;
• R s is selected from the group consisting of -(CR 8 R 9 ) m W(CR 10 R 11 ),,- and -
• W is selected from the group consisting of O, N(R 7 ), C(O)N(R 7 ), and SO q ; m, n, and q are independently 0, 1 or 2;
• p 1 or 2;
• R 6 is selected from the group consisting of carboxyi, alkylcarboxy, amido, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloaikyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkyl, hetcroalkyl, acyl, and hydroxamic acid, any of which may be optionally substituted;
• R 7 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, and aminoalkyl;
• R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and optionally substituted lower alkyl:
• R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl and haloalkyl
• the PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I is (4-(3,5- Dichloropyridin-4-ylamirio)-7-methoxy-8-(6-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)hexyloxy)quinolin-2(1H)-one):
• the compound of Formula is (4-(3,5- Dichloropyridin-4-ylamirio)-7-methoxy-8-(6- morpholinohexyloxy)quinolin-2(1H)- one):
• PDE4 inhibitor compounds of Formula I are PDE1V inhibitors, and are described in detail in co-pending U.S. Application No. 11/774,053 filed July 6, 2007, and U.S. Application No. 12/544,185 filed August 1 , 2009, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
• Oiopatadine is a known compound that can be obtained by the methods disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,116,863, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in the present specification.
• oiopatadine will be added in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
• pharmaceutically acceptable salts of oiopatadine include inorganic acid sails such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate and phosphate; organic acid salts such as acetate, malcate, fumarate, tartrate and citrate; alkali metal sails such as sodium salt and potassium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium salt and calcium salt; metal salts such as aluminum salt and zinc salt; and organic amine addition sails such as triethylamine addition salt (also known as tromethamine), morpho!ine addition salt and piperidine addition salt.
• inorganic acid sails such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate and phosphate
• organic acid salts such as acetate, malcate, fumarate, tartrate and citrate
• alkali metal sails such as sodium salt and potassium salt
• alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium salt and calcium
• oiopatadine for use in the solution compositions of the present invention is the hydrochloride salt of (Z)-l l-(3-dimethylaminopropylidene)-6,l l- dihydrodibenz-[b,e]oxepin-2-acetic acid.
• oiopatadine hydrochloride is equivalent to 0.2% oiopatadine free base
• 0.443% oiopatadine hydrochloride is equivalent to 0.4% oiopatadine free base
• 0.665% oiopatadine hydrochloride is equivalent to 0.6% oiopatadine free base.
• reference to a concentration of oiopatadine refers to oiopatadine free base concentration, unless otherwise specified.
• the PDE4 inhibitor compounds of Formula I have been unexpectedly found to increase the solubility of oiopatadine.
• an aqueous solution composition of the present invention can be prepared without the need for any other solubility enhancing components.
• compositions administered according to the present invention may also include various other ingredients, including but not limited to surfactants, tonicity agents, buffers, preservatives, and viscosity building agents.
• An appropriate buffer system e.g., sodium phosphate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, sodium borate or boric acid
• the particular concentration will vary, depending on the agent employed.
• the buffer will be chosen to maintain a target pH within the range of pH 6.0 - 7.5.
• the concentration of olopatadine in a solution composition of the invention is at least 0.05% w/v.
• the concentration of olopatadine can be about 0.05%, 0.075%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%, 0.40%, 0,45%, 0.50%, 0.55%, or 0.60% w/v, or higher.
• a solution composition of the invention is a solution formulation that contains at least 0.05% w/v olopatadine.
• solution formulations of the present invention contain 0.17-0.62% w/v olopatadine.
• solution formulations intended for use in the eye contain 0.17-0.25% olopatadine, and preferably 0.18-0.22% w v olopatadine. In certain embodiments, solution formulations intended for use in the nose contain Q.38-0.62% w/v olopatadine.
• the concentration of a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I in a solution composition of the invention is at least 0.05% w/v.
• the concentration of a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I can be about 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%, 0.40%,, 0.45%, 0.50%, 0.55%, or 0.60% w/v, or higher.
• solution compositions of the invention are useful for treating allergic or inflammatory disorders, including allergic or inflammatory disorders of the eye, nose, skin, and ear.
• an ophthalmic formulation is administered to the eye of a patient in need thereof to treat an ocular disorder.
• ocular disorder includes allergic and/or inflammatoiy conditions of the eye.
• ophthalmic allergic disorders including allergic conjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, and giant papillary conjunctivitis, dry eye, glaucoma, corneal neovascularization, optic neuritis, Sjogren's syndrome, retinal ganglion degeneration, ocular ischemia, retinitis, retinopathies, uveitis, ocular photophobia, and of inflammation and pain associated with acute injury to the eye tissue.
• the compounds may be used to treat glaucomatous retinopathy and/or diabetic retinopathy.
• the compounds may also be used to treat post-operative inflammation or pain as from ophthalmic surgery such as cataract surgery and refractive surgery.
• the compounds of the present invention are used to treat an allergic eye disease selected from the group consisting of allergic conjunctivitis; vernal conjunctivitis; vernal keratoconjunctivitis; and giant papillary conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis.
• a solution composition of the invention is an ophthalmic formulation for delivery to the eye, such as a topical ophthalmic formulation.
• the solution composition may comprise ophthalmoiogicaliy acceptable preservatives, surfactants, viscosity enhancers, penetration enhancers, buffers, tonicity agents, and water to form an aqueous, sterile ophthalmic solution, suspension, or emulsion.
• Gelling agents can also be used, including, but not limited to, gellan and xanthan gum.
• olopatadine and a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I are combined with a preservative in an appropriate vehicle.
• Sterile ophthalmic gel formulations may be prepared by suspending olopatadine and a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I in a hydrophilic base prepared from the combination of, for example, CARBOPOL ® -974, CARBOPOL*- 940 (BF Goodrich, Charlotte, NC), or the like, according to the published formulations for analogous ophthalmic preparations; preservatives and tonicity agents can be incorporated.
• a hydrophilic base prepared from the combination of, for example, CARBOPOL ® -974, CARBOPOL*- 940 (BF Goodrich, Charlotte, NC), or the like, according to the published formulations for analogous ophthalmic preparations; preservatives and tonicity agents can be incorporated.
• Solution compositions of the invention can be administered topically to the eye, for example, to treat allergic conjunctivitis and/or ocular inflammation.
• the doses used for the above described purposes will vary, but will be in an effective amount to reduce or eliminate allergic conjunctivitis and/or ocular inflammation.
• 1-2 drops of such compositions will be administered one or more times per day.
• the composition can be administered 2 to 3 times a day or as directed by an eye care provider.
• Topical ophthalmic products may also be packaged in multidose form.
• Preservatives may thus be required to prevent microbial contamination during use. Suitable preservatives include: benzalkonium chloride, benzododecinium bromide, chlorobutanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, phenylethyl alcohol, edelate disodium, sorbic acid, polyquaternium-1, or other agents known to those skilled in the art.
• Such preservatives are typically employed at a level of from 0.001 to 5.0% w/v.
• Unit dose compositions of the present invention will be sterile, but typically unpreserved. Such compositions, therefore, generally will not contain preservatives.
• the ophthalmic compositions of the present invention may also be provided preservative free and packaged in unit dose form.
• compositions of the present invention optionally comprise one or more excipients.
• Excipients commonly used in solution compositions intended for topical application to the eyes or nose, such as solutions or sprays include, but are not limited to, tonicity agents, preservatives, chelating agents, buffering agents, surfactants and antioxidants.
• Suitable tonicity-adjusting agents include mannitol, sodium chloride, glycerin, sorbitol and the like.
• Suitable preservatives include p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester, benza!konium chloride, benzododecinium bromide, polyquaternium-1 and the like.
• Suitable chelating agents include sodium edetate and the like.
• Suitable buffering agents include phosphates, borates, citrates, acetates, tromethamine, and the like.
• Suitable surfactants include ionic and nonionic surfactants, though nonionic surfactants are preferred, such as polysorbates, polyethoxylated castor oil derivatives, polyethoxylated fatty acids, polyethoxylated alcohols, polyoxyethylene- polyoxypropylene block copolymers, and oxyethylated tertiary octylphenol formaldehyde polymer (tyloxapol).
• Suitable antioxidants include sulfites, thiosulfatc, ascorbates, ⁇ , BHT, tocopherols, and the like.
• compositions of the present invention optionally comprise an additional active agent.
• the compositions of the present invention may contain one or more nonionic, anionic, or cationic polymers as lubricants or as viscosity agents, including but not limited to hydroxypropyl methylcelluloses (HPMCs), methylcelluloses, carboxymetliylcelluloses (CMCs), polyethylene glycols (PEGs), poloxamers, polypropylene glycols, xanthan gums, guar gums, carbomers, polyvinyl alcohols (PVAs), polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPs), alginic acids and salts, gellan gums, carrageenans, and chitosans.
• HPMCs hydroxypropyl methylcelluloses
• CMCs carboxymetliylcelluloses
• PEGs polyethylene glycols
• PVPs polyvinylpyrrolidones
• alginic acids and salts gellan gums, carrage
• tonicity agents may be employed to adjust the tonicity of the composition, preferably to that of natural tears for ophthalmic compositions.
• sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, dextrose, mannitol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, or glycerol may be added to the composition to approximate physiological tonicity.
• Such an amount of tonicity agent will vary, depending on the particular agent to be added. In general, however, the compositions will have a tonicity agent in an amount sufficient to cause the final composition to have an ophthalmically acceptable osmolality (generally about 150- 450 mOsm, preferably 250-350 mOsm).
• a composition of the invention has a pH of about 3.0 to about 8.5.
• an ophthalmic composition of the present invention has a pH of 4.0-8.0, preferably a pH of 5.0-7.5, and most preferably a pH of 6.0-7.4.
• Compositions of the present invention intended for use in the nose preferably have a pH of 3.0-8.0 and most preferably a pH of 5.0-7.5.
• a solution composition of the invention can be formulated for nasal applications, and can be used to treat nasal disorders.
• the invention provides methods for treating a nasal disorder, comprising administering a solution composition of the invention to the nose of a patient in need thereof.
• nasal disorder includes allergic and/or inflammatory conditions of the nose.
• nasal solution compositions of the invention are formulated to provide for a therapeutically effective intranasal concentration.
• a nasal solution composition of the invention may have an intranasal concentration of about 0.1-1000 nM or 1-100 nM.
• Intranasal compositions arc delivered to the nasal mucosa one to four times per day according to the routine discretion of a skilled clinician.
• the pH of the formulation should range from 3 to 8 or preferably from 5 to 7.5.
• Topical administration directly onto the nasal mucosa via an intranasal insert or implant device or a solution drug-delivery-sponge may deliver olopatadine and a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I at the rate of 1-2 ⁇ l/hour (e.g. 0.0001 - 10 mg/day) for several weeks according to the device design, its drug release characteristics, and according to the discretion of a skilled clinician.
• the resulting solution or solutions are preferably administered intranasally as described herein one to four times a day, or as directed by the clinician.
• a nasally acceptable carrier refers to those carriers that cause at most, little to no nasal irritation, provide suitable preservation if needed, and deliver a solution composition of the present invention in a homogenous dosage.
• a solution composition of the invention may be combined with nasally acceptable preservatives, co-solvents, surfactants, viscosity enhancers, penetration enhancers, buffers, tonicity agents, and water to form an aqueous, sterile suspension, solution, emulsion, or viscous, semi-viscous, or semi-solid gels.
• Nasal solution formulations may be prepared by dissolving the agent in a physiologically acceptable isotonic aqueous buffer.
• the nasal solution may include a nasally acceptable surfactant.
• Viscosity building compounds such as hydroxymelhyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methylcellulose, or carbomers, for example, may be added to the compositions of the present invention to improve the retention of the compounds.
• a solution composition of the invention may comprise a preservative in an appropriate vehicle.
• Sterile nasal gel formulations may be prepared by suspending olopatadine and/or the PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I in a hydrophilic base prepared from, for example, CARBOPOL*-974, CARBOPOL*-940 (BF Goodrich, Charlotte, NC), or the like, according to methods known in the art for other suitable nasal formulations.
• VISCOAT* Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX
• Other compositions of the present invention may contain penetration enhancing materials such as CREMOPHOR ® (Polyoxyethylene castor oil) and TWEEN ® 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbilan monolaureate).
• compositions of the invention can be administered intranasally in the form of a nasal spray, as is known to those skilled in the art.
• Nasal delivery may be achieved by incorporation of olopatadine and the PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I into bioadhesive particulate carriers ( ⁇ 200 ⁇ m) such as those comprising cellulose, poiyacrylatc or polycarbophil, in conjunction with suitable absorption enhancers such as phospholipids or acylcarnitincs.
• bioadhesive particulate carriers ⁇ 200 ⁇ m
• suitable absorption enhancers such as phospholipids or acylcarnitincs.
• Available systems include those developed by DanBiosyst and Scios.
• the formulation can be administered using a simple nasal spray device available from companies such as Valois or Pfeiffer.
• a solution composition comprising olopatadine and a
• PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I is formulated for delivery to the skin.
• Particularly compositions intended for application to the skin can be solution, suspension or semisolid.
• the olopatadine (or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) and PDE4 inhibitor compound (or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) presented in the said dosage forms should be all molecuiarly dissolved as a solution.
• the excipients presented in the dosage forms can be solid as a suspension or semisolid as a cream, for example.
• the viscosity of the said compositions can be variant from 1 to 100,000 cps or higher depending on the needs of the dermatological product.
• otic compositions comprising olopatadine and a PDE4 inhibitor compound of Formula I are formulated to provide for a pharmacologically effective inlraotic concentration.
• Topical otic compositions may be delivered to the ear one to four or more times per day according (o the routine discretion of a skilled clinician.
• the pH of the formulation should range from 4.0 to 9.0, or from 4.5 to 7.4.
• Topical administration directly onto the otic nerves (auditory and vestibular) and/or otic nerve-heads via an intraotic insert or implant device or a solution drug-delivery-sponge (GELFOAM®, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI) may deliver a solution composition of the invention at the rate of 1-2 ⁇ /hour (e.g. 0.0001 ⁇ 10 mg/day) for several weeks according to the device design, its drug release characteristics, and according to the discretion of a skilled clinician.
• a solution composition of the invention may be combined with otically acceptable preservatives, co-solvents, surfactants, viscosity enhancers, penetration enhancers, buffers, tonicity agents, or water to form an aqueous, sterile suspension, solution, or viscous, semi-viscous, or semi-solid gels.
• Solution compositions of the present invention may be delivered directly to the ear (for example: topical otic drops or ointments; slow release devices in the ear or implanted adjacent to the ear).
• Local administration includes otic intramuscular, intratympanic cavity and intracochlear injection routes of administration.
• a solution composition of the invention can be administered to the inner ear by placement of a gelfoam, or similar absorbent and adherent product, soaked with a solution composition of the invention against the window membrane of the middle/inner ear or adjacent structure with due discretion and caution by a skilled clinician.
• the compositions of the present invention are preferably packaged in opaque plastic containers.
• a preferred container for an ophthalmic product is a low-density polyethylene container that has been sterilized using ethylene oxide instead of gamma-irradiation.
• a preferred container for a nasai product is a high-density polyethylene container equipped with a nasal spray pump.
• Formulations with the compositions shown in Table I were prepared for olopatadine solubility testing as follows: ten milliliter samples of the formulations containing either 0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, or 1% of either Compound 1 (4-(3,5- Dichloropyridin-4-ylamino)-7-methoxy-8-(6-(4-melhylpiperazin- 1 - yl)hexyloxy)quinolin-2(1H)-one) or Compound 2 (4-(3,5-Dichloropyridin-4- ylamino)-7-methoxy-8-(6-morpholinohexyloxy)quinoiin-2(1H)-one) with at least 1% Olopatadine Hydrochloride as shown in Table 2 were prepared and adjusted to the target pH.
• Compound 2 was not tested at pH 7.4 as it was not sufficiently soluble at that pH.
• the samples were mixed on a rocker and the pH was readjusted to the target pH after one and six days of mixing. On day seven, the samples were filtered through an Acrodisc 25mm OXF/GHP 0.2 micron filter. The first three milliliters of filtrate were collected for final pH measurement and the next 3 milliliters of filtrate were filled into two 1.5 mL HPLC vials for the olopatadine assay (as free base) as shown below. Compound 1 was not assayed in samples A through H as an assay method was not available.
• the ftnai pH of the filtered samples was measured with an Orion 525A+ pH meter using a Ross Semimicro combination pH electrode and automatic temperature probe.
• the Compound 1 and Olopatadine HPLC assay was conducted using the following conditions:
• Solvent B 100 milliMolar Potassium Phosphate with 0.1% Triethylamine adjusted to pH 3.0 with NaOH/HC1
• Olopatadine Retention Time About 6.2 minutes
• the Compound 2 and Olopatadine UPLC assay was conducted using the following conditions:
• the target pH of samples E through K was S.2 and the pH readings of the suspensions were close to this value prior to filtration. However, after filtration the solution pH was generally about 0.2 pH units higher than the suspension pi I. This pH shift is commonly observed when measuring the pH of a suspension versus a solution. Duplicate samples of A through H were assayed and the duplicate values were averaged.
• the milliMolar (raM) concentrations were calculated by dividing the % w/v concentrations by the molecular weight and multiplying by 10000.
• the molecular weights were as follows:
• Both Compound 1 and Compound 2 increased the aqueous solubility of olopatadine in a linear concentration dependent manner.
• the ratio of solubility enhancement was about two molecules of the Compounds to one olopatadine molecule.

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