Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
  • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
  • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
  • H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
  • H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
  • H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
  • H02P7/29—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using pulse modulation
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
  • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
  • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
  • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
  • E05F15/665—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for vertically-sliding wings
  • E05F15/689—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for vertically-sliding wings specially adapted for vehicle windows
  • E05F15/695—Control circuits therefor
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
  • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
  • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
  • E05Y2900/55—Windows

Definitions

• the invention relates to a motor system with a commutated DC motor, which is controlled by means of a pulse width modulated signal, in particular a motor system for operating an electric closing device on a motor vehicle, such. an electric window.
• the invention further relates to an operating method for operating such an engine system.
• Conventional drive systems for closing devices on a motor vehicle provide a pulse-width-modulated control of a DC motor in order to operate it at different power levels.
• the pulse-width modulated control provides, in the periodic change to apply a supply voltage during a first period of time to the DC motor and to the
• a duty cycle i. the length of the first time period in relation to the total period of the pulse width modulated signal indicates the power level at which the DC motor is to be operated.
• the DC motor is connected to a pulse width modulated signal providing drive circuit via a switching driver for switching the polarity of the drive of the DC motor.
• the change-over driver has free-wheeling diodes, for example in the form of a Schottky diode, a superconducting diode and the like, which in each case depend on switching states between the DC motor and the triggering supply voltage in blocking mode. direction are poled.
• the freewheeling diode is usually used to reduce overvoltages during switching operations due to the inductive load of a winding of the DC motor. If no voltage is applied to the DC motor during the second period of time, the DC motor generates a generator voltage due to its movement, which has a reverse sign relative to the supply voltage.
• the generator voltage leads to a current flow through the freewheeling diode connected to the terminals of the DC motor and thereby prevents the build-up of a high reverse voltage on power semiconductor switches of the drive circuit.
• the freewheeling diode is intended to protect the power transistors of the drive circuit from the application of a breakdown voltage.
• the generator voltage poled in the reverse direction via the power semiconductor switches increases and can lead to a so-called avalanche breakdown. This burdens the power semiconductor switch considerably due to the associated heat development and can lead to the destruction of the power semiconductor switch.
• the freewheeling diode when using the freewheeling diode, however, the current flow recirculates through the
• Free-wheeling diode the energy through the DC motor.
• this energy must first be dissipated before the DC motor can be driven in the opposite direction by switching the changeover driver to terminate the pinching state.
• the current flow through the freewheeling diode has the consequence that this current does not flow through a current sensor in the supply line to the DC motor, so that a sensorless, based on an evaluation of the current flow position detection of the DC motor can not or only inaccurately performed.
• an engine system in particular for an electric closing device in a motor vehicle, is provided.
• the engine system includes:
• a drive circuit having a power semiconductor switch and configured to provide a drive voltage for the DC motor in response to a control signal
• control unit for providing the control signal for activating the drive circuit according to a pulse-width-modulated drive, wherein the supply voltage is applied to the DC motor during a first period of a period and no voltage is supplied from the drive circuit to the DC motor during a second period of the period;
• the drive circuit is coupled to the DC motor so that a generator current generated by the DC motor during the second time period flows through the drive circuit.
• An idea of the invention is to dissipate the generated by the movement of a rotor of the DC motor generator voltage via the drive circuit to the supply lines in a pulse-width modulated drive during the second period in which no voltage is applied to the DC motor. This takes place in that the drive circuit is dimensioned such that the generator voltage, the breakdown voltage of an intrinsic diode provided in the drive circuit Power semiconductor switch exceeds and thus causes a current flow in the reverse direction of the power semiconductor switch to the supply voltage line.
• the engine speed can be significantly reduced during the turn-off of the pulse width modulated drive, because the mechanical energy stored in the DC motor is dissipated as heat through the power semiconductor switch.
• a current sensor for determining position information may be used by evaluating a current waveform on the supply lines, since the position information is not lost due to a recirculated current through any free-wheeling diode connected to the motor terminals. That the motor system ensures that all the current flowing through the DC motor also flows through the drive circuit.
• Such an engine system is very suitable for use in electrical closing devices in a motor vehicle, since a possible pinching condition can be terminated very quickly by quickly stopping the DC motor when it detects a pinching condition and, if necessary, reversing it.
• a switching unit for connecting the DC motor with the drive voltage and for determining a polarity of the application of the drive voltage to the DC motor may be provided.
• the switching unit makes it possible to control the DC motor for both directions of rotation.
• the drive circuit may have a current sensor, in particular a resistor, in order to generate an electrical variable dependent on a current through the drive circuit, in particular a measurement voltage, wherein the control unit is further configured to generate a voltage
• control unit can be designed to detect a rotor position of the DC motor based on the electrical quantity.
• the drive circuit has a power semiconductor switch, in particular a MOSFET, wherein the drive voltage is applied between a terminal of the power semiconductor switch and a supply potential.
• the power semiconductor switch can be dimensioned such that it has a breakdown voltage for avalanche breakdown, which is smaller than a DC voltage that can be generated by the DC motor.
• a diode in particular a Zener diode, with a predetermined breakdown voltage, in particular a Zener breakdown voltage may be arranged so that when the breakdown voltage is exceeded during the second time period, a generator current flows through the drive circuit.
• the breakdown voltage may be equal to or less than the breakdown voltage for an avalanche breakdown of the power semiconductor switches.
• FIG. 1 shows an engine system for operating a DC motor according to an embodiment
• FIG. 2 shows a modified motor system for operating a DC motor according to a further embodiment
• 3 shows a diagram for the schematic representation of the current through the power semiconductor switch and a voltage across a resistor to illustrate the avalanche breakdown.
• the motor 1 shows a motor system 1 with a DC motor 2, which is electrically controlled via a switching driver 3 with a drive circuit 4.
• the DC motor 2 is a mechanically commutated DC motor with a winding that is energized to provide torque.
• the drive circuit 4 comprises a power semiconductor switch 5 and a resistor 6, by means of which, on the one hand, the current flow through the power semiconductor switch 5 and through the DC motor 2 can be limited and, on the other hand, serves as a measuring resistor to measure the current through the drive circuit.
• a first terminal of the power semiconductor switch 5 with the switching driver 3 and a second terminal of the power semiconductor switch 5 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor 6.
• a second terminal of the electrical resistor 6 is connected to a low supply potential V L , in particular a ground potential.
• the switching driver 3 has a changeover switch 7, which may be designed, for example, as a mechanical or electronic relay.
• the changeover switch 7 connects a first motor terminal A of the DC motor 2 to the first terminal of the power semiconductor switch 5 and a second motor terminal B to a high supply potential V H.
• the changeover switch 7 connects the second motor terminal B to the first terminal of the power semiconductor switch 5 and the first motor terminal A to the high supply potential V H.
• the power semiconductor switch 5 may be formed, for example, as a MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) or as a thyristor, IGBT, and the like.
• MOSFETs are essentially formed by two semiconductor regions (source, drain) separated from each other by a channel region, wherein the semiconductor regions are doped with a dopant which has either a La carrier excess or a charge carrier shortage, while the channel region is correspondingly doped opposite.
• a control electrode is arranged in isolation, wherein charge carriers are drawn into or removed from the channel region by applying a voltage to the control electrode, so that the conductivity between the two
• a control unit 10 is provided, which activates the power semiconductor switch 5 via a corresponding control terminal of the power semiconductor switch 5.
• the control can take the form of a pulse width modulation, in which a substantially periodic switching sequence is provided.
• the period duration of a pulse-width-modulated drive is essentially constant and provides that a supply voltage U V , which is applied between the high supply potential V H and the low supply potential V L, is applied to the DC motor 2 during a first time duration and that during a second period corresponding to the remaining period until the expiration of the period, no voltage is applied to the DC motor 2, that is, the output node of the drive circuit 4, the first
• Connection of the power semiconductor switch 5 corresponds, is connected neither to the high supply potential V H nor to the low supply potential V L. This state of the connection of the drive circuit 4 connected to the corresponding motor connection is then also called floating.
• a switching position of the changeover driver 3 is selected and the power semiconductor switch 5 is controlled by means of the control unit 10 with a pulse width modulated control.
• the pulse width modulated control makes it possible to control the DC motor 2 with a specific power by selecting the duty cycle.
• An indication of the specific performance can be specified either externally or by the control unit 10.
• the control unit 10 further determines the duty cycle corresponding to the particular power.
• the resistor 6 can be used to measure the motor current, for example, to close on the basis of the current flow to the position of a rotor (rotor) of the DC motor 2. This can be done, for example, by evaluating current ripple of a current flowing through the resistor 6. In order to close from the current flow through the resistor 6 to the position of the rotor of the DC motor 2, it is necessary that substantially the largest part of the current flowing through the DC motor 2 current flows through the measuring resistor 6.
• a freewheeling diode is provided in each case between the motor connections A and B in order to derive a generator current caused by the rotation of the direct current motor 2 during the second time periods of the pulse-width-modulated activation. This current is thus circulated through the DC motor 2 and does not flow across the resistor 6. This makes a position detection of a position of the rotor of the DC motor 2 difficult or correspondingly inaccurate.
• the generated during the second time periods of the pulse width modulated drive generator current flows through the resistor 6.
• no further current-carrying element is provided, through which a generated by the DC motor 2 generator current can be derived so that this is not flows through the resistor 6.
• no further component is connected in parallel with the power semiconductor switch 5 in this embodiment.
• the power semiconductor switch 5 is dimensioned so that a generator voltage which builds up during the second time due to the movement of the rotor of the DC motor 2, the reverse breakdown voltage exceeds and thereby causes a current flow through the power semiconductor switch 5, by the generator voltage of the DC motor.
• FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the engine system 1.
• the energy provided by the DC motor during the second time period is dissipated via the power semiconductor switch 5. This can lead to a strong heat development.
• it may alternatively be provided to connect the power semiconductor switch 5 in parallel with a zener diode 11 which can derive a voltage applied in the reverse direction through the resistor 6.
• the first terminal of the power semiconductor switch 5 with a cathode terminal of the Zener diode 1 1 and the second
• FIG. 3 is a diagram for illustrating the profile between the power semiconductor switch 5 and an anode terminal of the zener diode 1 1 connected.
• the power semiconductor switch 5 can be relieved and, in particular, the heat generated therein can be reduced since a part of the current flowing through the power semiconductor switch 5 during the avalanche breakdown is diverted through the zener diode 11.
• the reverse voltage or breakdown voltage of the zener diode 11 is preferably selected to be equal to or less than the breakdown voltage of the associated power semiconductor switch 5.
• FIG. 3 is a diagram for illustrating the profile between the
• the diagram shows schematically during a period the curves during the first period Z1 and during the second period Z2.
• the increase of the voltage U across the measuring resistor during the second time period Z2 is due to the reduction of the
• the engine speed can be significantly reduced because stored in the DC motor 2 mechanical energy as heat via the power semiconductor switch 5 and the corresponding Zener diode 1 1 is derived.
• the motor current I also flows through the resistor 6 during the second time duration of the pulse width modulation. This ensures that the position information of the DC motor 2 contained in the current profile is not lost.
• the DC motor 2 is driven by a pulse width modulation having a lower duty cycle. The speed is reduced, for example, if it is to be determined whether a pinching condition exists.
• the duty ratio can be further reduced. The reduced speed in conjunction with the lower duty cycle reduces the torque provided by the DC motor 2 by limiting the time during which the windings are energized.
• the reduction of the torque is required while determining whether a suspected Einklemmfall, in which an object between a closing element (window glass) and an edge (window frame) is clamped during a closing movement, or not.
• the trapping case may be suspected, for example, when an increase in the motor current is detected or when it is determined that the rotational speed of the DC motor 2 has decreased.
• the time available for detecting the position of the DC motor 2 can be increased by the reduced duty cycle, whereby the second time duration is greater.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=43705517

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (3)

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• 2009
  • 2009-09-23 DE DE200910044912 patent/DE102009044912A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2010
  • 2010-09-21 KR KR1020127007402A patent/KR101751217B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2010-09-21 CN CN201080042513.9A patent/CN102598498B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-09-21 EP EP10757192A patent/EP2481149A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-09-21 WO PCT/EP2010/063899 patent/WO2011036151A2/de active Application Filing

Patent Citations (3)

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