WO2011034181A1 - ビフィズス菌表層提示融合タンパク質発現遺伝子 - Google Patents
ビフィズス菌表層提示融合タンパク質発現遺伝子 Download PDFInfo
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- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
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- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/16—Antivirals for RNA viruses for influenza or rhinoviruses
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- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/74—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora
- C12N15/746—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for lactic acid bacteria (Streptococcus; Lactococcus; Lactobacillus; Pediococcus; Enterococcus; Leuconostoc; Propionibacterium; Bifidobacterium; Sporolactobacillus)
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- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55516—Proteins; Peptides
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for expressing and presenting a protein or peptide on the surface layer of bifidobacteria, and to a novel vaccine by bifidobacteria using this technique.
- the cell membrane of a cell is a biological membrane that separates the inside and outside of the cell, and there are many membrane proteins having a function of providing cell information and a function of transporting substances inside and outside the cell on the surface of the cell membrane.
- membrane proteins have played an important role in immunity, and it has been found that membrane proteins on the cell surface are targeted in antigen-antibody reactions. For this reason, a concept has been proposed in which a specific antigen is fused with a membrane protein and presented on the cell surface of a microorganism to be used as an oral vaccine for artificially inducing an antigen-antibody reaction.
- a specific antigen is fused with a membrane protein and presented on the cell surface of a microorganism to be used as an oral vaccine for artificially inducing an antigen-antibody reaction.
- Patent Document 1 a vector having a gene encoding a membrane-binding portion of an enzyme protein such as poly- ⁇ -glutamate synthase is used and displayed on the cell surface of a host microorganism.
- Patent Document 1 a vector having a gene encoding a membrane-binding portion of an enzyme protein such as poly- ⁇ -glutamate synthase is used and displayed on the cell surface of a host microorganism.
- Patent Document 1 lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and E. coli are reported as hosts.
- Bifidobacteria Microorganisms belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium (collectively referred to as “bifidobacteria”) are resident bacteria that are found downstream or in the large intestine of humans and other animals. Bifidobacteria are obligately anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria, so they are highly selective in culture (no aerobic bacteria grow) and have high biocompatibility (the most prevalent bacteria in the intestines of infants, Many are also present in adults), and endotoxins found in gram-negative bacteria are absent (high safety). Therefore, bifidobacteria are recognized as GRAS (generally recognized as safe). In addition, Bifidobacterium longum has been reported to have a binding property to mucus consisting of mucin covering the intestinal tract. It is considered to have high adhesion to the skin.
- An object of the present invention is to provide means for expressing and presenting a protein or peptide on the cell surface of Bifidobacterium.
- GL-BP GNB / LNB substrate binding membrane protein
- the present invention provides a bifidus surface expression gene for expressing a target protein or peptide on the surface of bifidobacteria, the gene comprising a gene encoding a GNB / LNB substrate-binding membrane protein derived from bifidobacteria, A gene encoding the protein or peptide of interest is linked in this order from the 5 ′ end.
- the protein or peptide of interest is an antigen protein or antigen peptide.
- the antigenic protein or peptide is Salmonella-derived flagellin, and in another embodiment, the antigenic protein or peptide is an influenza virus M2 protein.
- the Bifidobacterium surface layer expression gene encodes a protein having an adjuvant function between a gene encoding the GNB / LNB substrate-binding membrane protein and a gene encoding the target protein or peptide.
- the protein having the adjuvant function is flagellin.
- the present invention also provides a gene expression plasmid containing any of the above-mentioned bifidobacterial surface expression genes in a manner capable of expression.
- the present invention further provides a transformed bifidobacteria that retains the above-described plasmid and displays the target protein or peptide on the cell surface.
- the present invention further provides a transformed bifidobacteria that contains any of the above-mentioned bifidobacteria surface expression genes in the genome in a manner capable of expression, and presents the target protein or peptide on the cell surface.
- the protein or peptide of interest is Salmonella-derived flagellin.
- the protein or peptide of interest is an influenza virus M2 protein.
- the above-mentioned transformed bifidobacteria further presents a protein having an adjuvant function on the surface layer.
- the protein having the adjuvant function is flagellin.
- the target protein or peptide is an antigen protein or antigen peptide and a protein having an adjuvant function.
- the present invention also provides an oral Salmonella infectious disease vaccine containing transformed Bifidobacteria that presents Salmonella-derived flagellin on the surface.
- the present invention also provides an oral influenza vaccine containing transformed bifidobacteria that presents the M2 protein of influenza virus on the surface.
- the target protein or peptide can be expressed and presented on the cell surface of Bifidobacterium.
- the antigenic protein is carried as a carrier to the small intestinal mucosa and nasal mucosa, and the antibody response to the antigen presented in the mucosa Can be used as an oral and nasal vaccine.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram of a fusion gene in which a flagellin (FliC) gene is linked downstream of a GL-BP gene.
- A is a fluorescent micrograph of the transformed bifidobacteria (GL-BP-FliC surface display) obtained in Example 1, and
- b is an untreated bifidobacteria (GL-BP-FliC surface display) ).
- 2 is a photograph of Western blotting of a protein solution of transformed bifidobacteria (GL-BP-FliC surface display) obtained in Example 1.
- Bifidobacteria refers to a microorganism belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium.
- Bifidobacteria include Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. angulatum, B. animalis subsp. Animalis, B. animalis subsp. Lactis, B. asteroides, B. bifidum, Bifidobacterium boum ( B. boum), Bifidobacterium breve, B. catenulatum, B. choerinum, Bifidobacterium coryneform (B coryneforme), B.
- B. denticolens B. dentium, B. gallicum, B. gallinarum ), B. globosum, B. indicum, B. infantis, Bifidobacterium inopinatum (B. inopinatum), B. lactis, B. longum, B. magnum, B. merycicum , Bifidobacterium minimum (B. minimum), Bifidobacterium pervulorum, Bifidobacte B. pseudocatenulatum, B. pseudolongum subsp. Globosum, B. pseudolongum subsp. Globosum, B. pseudocatenulatum (B. pseudocatenulatum) pseudolongum subsp.
- B. pullorum B. ruminale
- B. ruminantium Bifidobacterium sexual (B. saeculare)
- B. scardovii B. subtile
- B. suis Bifidobacterium thermacid film
- B. thermophilum Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum
- Bifidobacterium adolescentis Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Animalis (B. animalis subsp. Animalis), Bifidobacterium animalis subspice lactis (B. animalis subsp. lactis), Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum), Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve), Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis), Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) Bifidobacterium pseudolongum subsp. Pseudolongum (B. (pseudolongum subsp. Pseudolongum) is preferably used.
- strains or mutant strains may also be used. All of these strains are commercially available or are readily available from depository institutions. Examples thereof include B. longum JCM1217 (ATCC 15707), B. bifidum ATCC 11863, and the like.
- GNB / LNB substrate binding membrane protein GNB / LNB substrate binding membrane protein
- GL-BP GNB / LNB substrate binding membrane protein
- ABC protein ATP Binding Cassette protein
- GL-BP an ABC protein
- ATP adenosine triphosphate
- GL-BP an ABC protein
- ATP adenosine triphosphate
- GL-BP an ABC protein
- GL-BP derived from Bifidobacterium longum JCM1217 (ATCC15707) strain has the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 in the sequence listing.
- GL-BP is not limited to naturally occurring GL-BP, and if it has the ability to be expressed on the cell surface of bifidobacteria, one or more substitutions, insertions, insertions into the amino acids constituting the GL-BP, Or it may have a deletion.
- the target protein or peptide to be displayed on the surface layer of bifidobacteria is not particularly limited.
- the target protein or peptide is a protein or peptide that is not originally localized on the cell surface, and is preferably a protein or peptide arranged for the purpose of presentation on the cell surface.
- antigen protein or peptide, an enzyme, etc. are mentioned.
- the structure is not limited to a naturally occurring protein or peptide, and the amino acid constituting the protein or peptide may have one or more substitutions, deletions, or additions. .
- antigen protein or peptide examples include antigen proteins or antigen peptides derived from bacteria, viruses, protozoa and the like.
- Bacteria include bacteria that can cause bacterial infections such as Salmonella, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- viruses include various types of influenza viruses, herpes viruses, SARS viruses, AIDS viruses, and various hepatitis viruses.
- protozoa examples include malaria, trichomonas, and toxoplasma.
- More specific antigenic proteins or peptides include Salmonella or Salmonella typhimurium flagellin protein, influenza virus M2 protein, malaria parasite SERA (Serine Repeat Antigen) protein, group B linkage that causes neonatal group B streptococcal infection GBS80 protein of cocci, pg40 envelope protein of Porphyromonas gingivalis which is the causative agent of periodontal disease, gp120 or gp160 envelope protein of HIV virus, E6, E7 of human papillomavirus which is cervical cancer-causing virus, Or L2 protein, E2NS1 envelope glycoprotein of hepatitis C virus HCV, NS1 non-structural protein of flavivirus causing Japanese encephalitis, or DI II III protein, amyloid beta (A ⁇ ) protein responsible for Alzheimer, gp53 protein of the pestivirus genus causing bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), gp55 envelope protein of porcine cholera virus, canine parpovirus and feline panleukopenia
- Examples of the enzyme include glucoamylase, ⁇ -amylase, ⁇ -amylase, isoamylase, endoglucanase, exocellobiohydrolase, ⁇ -glucosidase, carboxymethyl cellulase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase, lipase, lysine decarboxylase, Examples include arabinofuranosidase, peroxidase, and alkaline phosphatase.
- target proteins or peptides include, for example, fluorescent proteins (GFP, SIRIUS, BFP, CFP, YFP, RFP, Venus, DsRed, mCherry, mKO, mCerulean, etc.), bioluminescent proteins (firefly luciferase, aequorin (Owan jellyfish)) , Renilla luciferase, Cypridina luciferase, etc.), allyl hydrocarbon receptor used for detection of toxic substances, His tag, protein A, cancer and specific proteins (eg Alzheimer's disease) An antibody is mentioned.
- fluorescent proteins GFP, SIRIUS, BFP, CFP, YFP, RFP, Venus, DsRed, mCherry, mKO, mCerulean, etc.
- bioluminescent proteins firefly luciferase, aequorin (Owan jellyfish)
- Renilla luciferase Renilla luciferase
- Protein with adjuvant function As a protein having an adjuvant function, it is known that a flagellin protein constituting a flagella of a microorganism induces a high level of antibody.
- Flagella is a long structure protruding from the cell surface and plays an important role in motility and host cell entry.
- This flagella consists of a protein called flagellin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as FliC).
- FliC flagellin
- Salmonella genus S. typhimurium Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica serovar Typhimurium
- Non-patent Document 3 describes the antigenic protein flagellin of Vibrio cholera (Vibrio cholerae).
- the antigenic protein flagellin of Shigella dysenteriae is described in Non-Patent Document 4.
- the flagellin derived from Salmonella typhimurium is an amino acid described in SEQ ID NO: 4 in the Sequence Listing.
- the flagellin protein may have one or more substitutions, deletions or additions in its constituent amino acids as long as it has an adjuvant function.
- a protein or peptide expressed / presented on the surface layer of bifidobacteria is expressed as a fusion protein with GL-BP.
- GL-BP and the protein or peptide of interest are linked in this order from the N-terminus.
- a protein having an adjuvant function may be included between GL-BP and the target protein or peptide.
- a gene encoding GL-BP, a gene encoding a target protein or peptide, and a gene encoding FliC can be obtained based on known gene sequence or amino acid sequence information, respectively. is there.
- a genomic DNA or cDNA prepared from any bifidobacteria is used as a template and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a primer pair prepared based on the sequence information of the structural gene of GL-BP of the bifidobacteria.
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- a gene encoding GL-BP of B. longum can be obtained from the structural gene sequence of GL-BP of Bifidobacterium longum described in Non-Patent Document 5. .
- it can be obtained by PCR amplification using a chromosomal DNA or cDNA of Bifidobacterium longum as a template and a primer pair prepared based on the sequence information.
- the gene encoding the target protein or peptide is available based on known gene sequence information or amino acid sequence information.
- a gene encoding Rhizopus oryzae-derived glucoamylase is produced based on the sequence information of the structural gene of Rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase using genomic DNA or cDNA prepared from Rhizopus oryzae as a template.
- the obtained primer pair can be amplified by PCR and obtained.
- the gene encoding FliC is available based on known gene sequence information or amino acid sequence information.
- the gene encoding FliC is prepared based on the sequence information of the FliC structural gene of the bacterium using, for example, genomic DNA or cDNA prepared from an infectious disease-causing bacterium (for example, Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae, or Shigella) as a template.
- the obtained primer pair can be amplified by PCR and obtained.
- a gene encoding each of the above proteins can be obtained by known chemical synthesis from, for example, known base sequence information.
- the chemical synthesis method include a chemical synthesis method using a DNA synthesizer utilizing the phosphoramidite method.
- the above gene can also be obtained by amplifying DNA using PCR as a template.
- a cDNA or a cDNA library synthesized from mRNA contained in tissues or cells of various derived organisms using a DNA or polynucleotide chemically synthesized as a whole or a part thereof as a probe.
- the above gene can also be obtained by performing colony hybridization or plaque hybridization.
- the genes encoding the above proteins can be easily obtained from known amino sequence information.
- the above cDNA library can be obtained by PCR using a synthetic DNA primer having a partial base sequence of the gene encoding the known amino sequence.
- a method for amplifying a target gene from the above, or a gene incorporated in an appropriate vector, and a DNA fragment or synthetic DNA labeled (probe) that encodes part or all of the gene encoding each of the above proteins And a method of sorting by hybridization.
- the gene encoding each protein may be a DNA that hybridizes with the gene obtained as described above under stringent conditions.
- DNA that can hybridize under stringent conditions means DNA obtained by colony hybridization, plaque hybridization, Southern blot hybridization, or the like using the above DNA as a probe. Specifically, hybridization was performed at about 65 ° C. in the presence of about 0.7 to 1.0 M sodium chloride using a filter on which DNA derived from colonies or plaques was immobilized, and then about 0.1 A DNA that can be identified by washing a filter under a condition of about 65 ° C. using a ⁇ 2-fold SSC solution (the composition of a 1-fold SSC solution consists of 150 mM sodium chloride and 15 mM sodium citrate). It is done.
- hybridizable DNA specifically, a DNA having at least about 80% homology with the base sequence of a gene encoding each protein obtained based on the known base sequence information or amino acid sequence information, A DNA having a homology of about 90% or more is preferable, and a DNA having a homology of about 95% or more is more preferable.
- the recombinant DNA can be an expression vector or a chromosomal integration vector (for example, a homologous recombination vector).
- the plasmid used for the preparation of such a vector is not particularly limited as long as it is a plasmid that can be expressed in bifidobacteria.
- Examples of plasmids derived from Bifidobacterium include pTB6, pBL67, pBL78, pNAL8H, pNAL8M, pNAC1, pBC1, pMB1, and pGBL8b.
- Complex plasmids of these plasmids and E. coli plasmids can also be used, and examples thereof include pBLES100, pKKT427, and pRM2.
- a composite plasmid synthesized from a Bifidobacterium longum plasmid and an Escherichia coli plasmid is preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of expression and the ease of preparation of DNA for preparing a transformant.
- the expression vector preferably has a selection marker such as antibiotic resistance or amino acid requirement from the viewpoint of selecting a transformed strain.
- the expression vector is preferably added with a regulatory sequence for the expression of a fusion protein of GL-BP and the target protein or peptide, or so as to be advantageous for the expression.
- regulatory sequences include promoter sequences, leader sequences, propeptide sequences, enhancer sequences, signal sequences, terminator sequences, and the like. There are no particular restrictions on the origin of these regulatory sequences as long as they are expressed in bifidobacteria.
- the promoter sequence is not particularly limited as long as it is expressed in bifidobacteria. From the viewpoint of expression efficiency, a Bifidobacterium longum histone-like protein (HU) promoter sequence, LDH promoter, and the like are preferably used.
- HU Bifidobacterium longum histone-like protein
- the terminator sequence of the HU gene is preferably used.
- a leader sequence, a propeptide sequence, an enhancer sequence, a signal sequence, etc. can be arranged as necessary.
- a gene encoding a linker having an appropriate length may be arranged between a gene encoding GL-BP and a gene encoding a target protein or peptide.
- a cloning vector is prepared by introducing a regulatory sequence such as a promoter sequence and a terminator sequence and a selectable marker gene into the above-described plasmid as necessary.
- Selectable markers include spectinomycin (SPr), ampicillin (Ampr), tetracycline (TETr), kanamycin (KMr), streptomycin (STr), neomycin (NEOr) and other antibiotic resistance markers; green fluorescent protein (GFP), Examples include fluorescent markers such as red fluorescent protein (REP); enzymes such as LacZ.
- plasmids for cloning vectors include pBLES100 and pBREM100 (see Patent Document 2).
- a vector for expressing the fusion protein on the surface of Bifidobacterium is obtained. It is done.
- the expression vector obtained by such a method is used for transformation of bifidobacteria.
- Recombinant DNA eg, an expression vector
- Any transformation method may be used as long as it is a known method. Specific examples include an electroporation method (electroporation method), a calcium phosphate method, a lipofection method, a calcium ion method, a protoplast method, a microinjection method, and a particle gun method.
- an electroporation method it is preferable to use an electroporation method.
- the electroporation method it can be performed under conditions of 0.5 to 20 kV / cm and 0.5 ⁇ sec to 10 msec. More preferably, it is performed at 2 to 10 kV / cm and 50 ⁇ sec to 5 msec.
- the transformed strain is selected with a selection marker possessed by the fusion protein expression vector.
- a medium for cultivating the transformed strain a medium suitable for each host microorganism, for example, glucose blood liver (BL) agar medium, De Mann-Logosar sharp (MRS) agar medium, Gifu University anaerobic (GAM) agar Medium, modified GAM (TGAM) agar medium, Briggs agar medium, and yeast extract glucose peptone (YGP) agar medium.
- Antibiotics are added to these media according to the selection marker, or amino acids are deleted or added to obtain a selective pressure.
- the culture conditions are preferably anaerobic culture in which bifidobacteria can be cultured. By culturing under anaerobic conditions, the growth of aerobic bacteria can be prevented.
- the anaerobic condition is in a sealed container that can maintain an anaerobic degree to which bifidobacteria can grow, and examples include conditions that are possible in an anaerobic chamber or an anaerobic box.
- the culture temperature may be any temperature at which bifidobacteria can be cultured, and is usually 4 ° C to 45 ° C, preferably 15 ° C to 40 ° C, more preferably 24 ° C to 37 ° C.
- a vector for displaying the fusion protein of GL-BP and the target protein or peptide on the surface was also introduced simultaneously.
- Transformed bifidobacteria may be prepared.
- the introduction of the gene encoding the fusion protein may be confirmed by electrophoresis after extracting the plasmid from the transformed bifidobacteria and treating with the restriction enzyme, or the sequence of the restriction enzyme-treated fragment may be directly sequenced.
- Confirmation of expression of the fusion protein of the obtained transformed bifidobacteria can be performed, for example, by Western blotting.
- the transformed bifidobacteria are lysed using, for example, a nonionic surfactant.
- Nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters (Tween® 20, 40, 60, 65, 80, 85), sorbitan esters (Span® 20, 40, 60, 65, 80). , 85).
- the target protein or peptide is presented on the surface of the bifidobacteria by an immuno-antibody method using an antibody against the target protein or peptide and a FITC-labeled anti-IgG antibody against the transformed bifidobacteria.
- an immuno-antibody method using an antibody against the target protein or peptide and a FITC-labeled anti-IgG antibody against the transformed bifidobacteria.
- the antibody used for confirmation may be an antibody against any protein (or peptide).
- the transformed bifidobacteria in which the target protein or peptide is confirmed to be displayed on the surface may be cultured and collected by a method commonly used by those skilled in the art, and used directly in the preparation of the preparation. Or you may dry and use. Drying is performed by a treatment method that allows growth when exposed to growth conditions such as intestinal environment or culture medium by performing low-temperature treatment such as freeze-drying and low-temperature drying.
- the transformed bifidobacteria may be post-treated by a known method. For example, rough purification may be performed by centrifugation or the like. In addition, if desired, after rough purification, it may be dissolved or suspended in a solvent conventionally used in the art such as physiological saline, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), or lactic acid-containing Ringer's solution. Moreover, you may freeze-dry or spray-dry as needed, and you may make it a powdery thing or a granular material.
- a solvent conventionally used in the art
- physiological saline such as physiological saline, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), or lactic acid-containing Ringer's solution.
- PBS phosphate buffered saline
- the transformed bifidobacteria of the present invention is administered in the form of any preparation when the target protein or peptide presented on the surface layer is preferably administered for the purpose of treating or preventing a disease.
- the administration route is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include oral administration and parenteral administration.
- oral administration or nasal administration is preferred.
- preparations suitable for oral administration include tablets, granules, fine granules, powders, syrups, solutions, capsules or suspensions.
- preparations suitable for parenteral administration include, for example, injections, drops, inhalants, sprays, suppositories, transdermal absorbents, transmucosal absorbents, and the like.
- liquid preparations for oral administration for example, sugars such as water, sucrose, sorbit, fructose; glycols such as polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol; oils such as sesame oil, olive oil and soybean oil; p-hydroxybenzoic acid Additives for preparations such as preservatives such as acid esters can be used.
- excipients such as lactose, glucose, sucrose, and mannitol
- disintegrants such as starch and sodium alginate
- magnesium stearate Lubricants such as talc
- binders such as polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose and gelatin
- surfactants such as fatty acid esters
- plasticizers such as glycerin
- preparations for intravascular administration such as injections and infusions can be prepared preferably using an aqueous medium isotonic with human blood.
- an injection can be prepared as a solution, suspension or dispersion with an appropriate auxiliary agent using an aqueous medium selected from a salt solution, a glucose solution, or a mixture of a salt solution and a glucose solution according to a conventional method.
- Suppositories for enteral administration can be prepared, for example, using a carrier such as cacao butter, hydrogenated fat or hydrogenated fatty acid.
- the spray uses a carrier that does not irritate the human oral cavity and airway mucosa, and can promote absorption by dispersing the transformed bifidobacteria as an active ingredient as fine particles.
- a carrier for example, lactose or glycerin can be used.
- lactose or glycerin can be used.
- it can be prepared as a preparation in the form of an aerosol or dry powder.
- a preparation for parenteral administration for example, one or more selected from a diluent, a fragrance, a preservative, an excipient, a disintegrant, a lubricant, a binder, a surfactant, a plasticizer and the like
- a diluent for example, one or more selected from a diluent, a fragrance, a preservative, an excipient, a disintegrant, a lubricant, a binder, a surfactant, a plasticizer and the like
- a surfactant for example, one or more selected from a diluent, a fragrance, a preservative, an excipient, a disintegrant, a lubricant, a binder, a surfactant, a plasticizer and the like
- plasticizer for example, one or more selected from a diluent, a fragrance, a preservative, an excipient, a disintegrant, a
- the transformed bifidobacteria are suitable as an oral vaccine.
- the antigen protein is flagellin
- the flagellin is recognized as an antigen in the intestinal wall and an antibody is produced. Therefore, it is an effective oral vaccine against infection with microorganisms having flagellin.
- the acid-resistant capsule preparations described below pass through without dissolving in the stomach at pH 1 to 3 and reach the intestines when orally administered. And dissolves in the intestine.
- the transformed bifidobacteria released from the preparation by dissolution of the capsule grows in the intestinal environment and presents the target protein or peptide on its surface layer.
- the oral vaccine of the present invention is preferably in the form of a capsule preparation.
- a capsule containing the contents therein is referred to as a “capsule formulation”.
- the capsule preparation in the present invention is composed of a capsule film and a transformed bifidobacteria that expresses the target protein or peptide on the surface layer, and this capsule film is acid-resistant.
- a capsule formulation consisting of an acid-resistant capsule membrane and a transformed bifidobacteria that expresses the target protein or peptide on the surface has an acid-resistant capsule membrane and expresses the target protein or peptide on the surface
- the transformed bifidobacteria expressing the protein or peptide of interest on the surface layer is contained or contained in the acid-resistant capsule film (ie, in the inner region of the capsule formed by the acid-resistant film). Contained).
- this capsule preparation is also referred to as “acid-resistant capsule preparation”.
- the transformed bifidobacteria In order for a transformed bifidobacteria expressing the target protein or peptide on the surface to function as an oral vaccine, the transformed bifidobacteria must pass through the stomach, reach the intestine, and be able to grow there. By the way, the pH of the stomach is 1 to 3, and due to this extremely low pH, most of the orally ingested bifidobacteria die. It is said that bifidobacteria that reach the intestine while having a proliferative ability are generally 1 / 10,000 or less of the dose.
- the transformed bifidobacteria used in the present invention in order for the transformed bifidobacteria used in the present invention to reach the human intestine while remaining alive and to grow in the intestine to express the target protein or peptide, the transformed bifidobacteria are affected by gastric acid. Is preferably avoided as much as possible.
- the transformed bifidobacteria are preferably included or contained in the acid-resistant capsule film, that is, the transformed bifidobacteria are contained inside the capsule of the acid-resistant film.
- a capsule preparation is used.
- the configuration, shape, etc. of the capsule preparation are not particularly limited as long as the film is resistant to gastric acid. That is, it is desirable that gastric acid penetrates into the capsule and does not come into contact with the transformed bifidobacteria.
- the capsule film may be a film that does not dissolve at pH 4 or less, preferably at pH 1 to 3. There is no particular limitation on the encapsulation method.
- the seamless capsule is a kind of soft capsule, and refers to a capsule in which the contents are sealed with a seamless film.
- the seamless capsule can have a multilayer structure of two or more layers, and preferably has a multilayer structure of three or more layers.
- the innermost layer can contain the contents (in the case of the present invention, transformed bifidobacteria), and the outer layer (or outermost layer) can be a film. In other words, it is a form in which transformed bifidobacteria are included in the film.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a seamless capsule preparation having a three-layer structure.
- the three-layer structure is composed of an innermost layer, an endothelial layer that covers the innermost layer, and an outer layer that covers the innermost layer.
- the innermost layer is composed of the above-mentioned transformed bifidobacteria and a non-aqueous solvent or solid component for suspending / mixing the transformed bifidobacteria (hereinafter, this component is referred to as the innermost layer substance).
- the innermost layer material is not particularly limited. Examples include various fats and oils, fatty acids, fatty acid esters of sugar, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, chain ethers, higher fatty acid esters, higher alcohols, and terpenes.
- examples thereof include, but are not limited to, hydrogenated fats and oils, margarine, shortening, glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, camphor oil, thin cargo oil, ⁇ -pinene, and D-limonene.
- These innermost layer materials can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- a substance having a melting point of 20 ° C. to 50 ° C. and different from the innermost layer is used among the substances for the innermost layer. More preferably, a substance that is solid at room temperature is used.
- the innermost layer substance and the inner layer material were used as the innermost layer substance was hydrogenated palm kernel oil having a melting point of 34 ° C.
- the innermost layer material was hydrogenated palm kernel oil having a melting point of 43 ° C.
- the same kind of fats and oils that have been hydrogenated to have different melting points can be used as the material for the skin layer.
- This endothelium layer can act to inhibit moisture and oxygen permeation and prevent contact with stomach acid.
- the substance to be selected can be determined in consideration of the storage period of the capsule.
- Materials for the outer layer include a mixture of protein and water-soluble polyhydric alcohol, a mixture of protein, water-soluble polyhydric alcohol and polysaccharide, and a polysaccharide and water-soluble polyhydric alcohol. And a mixture thereof.
- proteins include gelatin and collagen.
- water-soluble polyhydric alcohol include sorbitol, mannitol, glycerin, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol.
- Polysaccharides include agar, gellan gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, pectin, alginate, carrageenan, gum arabic, dextrin, modified dextrin, starch, modified starch, pullulan, pectin, and carboxymethylcellulose salt.
- pectin, alginate, gellan gum, or carrageenan an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt may be added as appropriate.
- Preparation of the above three-layer structure seamless capsule preparation is performed by a technique well known to those skilled in the art, for example, a dropping method using a triple nozzle described in Japanese Patent No. 1398836.
- a substance for innermost layer combined with transformed bifidobacteria (for example, lyophilized cells) from the innermost nozzle of a concentric triple nozzle (preferably a hydrophobic solvent substance that is non-flowable at 20 to 50 ° C.
- a suspension of transformed bifidobacteria into the medium, the substance constituting the endothelial layer (for example, a melt of a substance that is solid at room temperature) from the intermediate nozzle, and the By simultaneously discharging the solution of the substance that becomes the outer layer (film) from the outer nozzle and dropping it into a carrier liquid (for example, corn oil, rapeseed oil, etc.) that flows under cooling, the transformed bifidobacteria in the innermost layer A “seamless” capsule with a three-layer structure is formed.
- the transformed bifidobacteria are contained or contained by a seamless outer layer coating.
- the capsule formed as described above is then dried.
- a drying method for example, normal temperature ventilation drying is performed.
- the drying is generally performed by, for example, drying at 5 ° C. to 30 ° C. air.
- the drying time is preferably 2 to 12 hours.
- the method described in JP-A-07-0669867, which is further subjected to vacuum drying or vacuum freeze drying on the capsules that have been subjected to normal drying as described above, can be suitably used.
- the degree of vacuum is maintained at 0.5 to 0.02 torr, and in the vacuum freeze drying, the temperature is frozen at -20 ° C. or lower and dried.
- the time required for vacuum drying or vacuum freeze drying is not particularly limited, but is generally 5 to 60 hours, preferably 24 to 48 hours. If it is 5 hours or less, the drying is insufficient, and the moisture present in the capsule can adversely affect the contents.
- Capsules obtained by the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-0669867 have moisture in the capsules sufficiently removed by vacuum freeze-drying, Aw value is 0.20 or less, and thermal conductivity is 0.16 kcal / mh ° C. or less. Can be. Of course, moisture is reduced by vacuum drying or vacuum freeze drying, and at the same time, the capsules are sufficiently dried and porous, so that the thermal conductivity is also much lower than that obtained by simply drying.
- the Aw value is not the absolute amount of moisture present in the sample, but is a value determined by the presence of moisture, that is, the degree of freedom of water in the sample, and is directly related to the chemical reaction and the growth of microorganisms. It is an index representing water that can be involved, and is measured by an electrical resistance water activity measurement method (for example, Aw meter WA-360, Shibaura Electronics Co., Ltd.).
- the thermal conductivity is measured by the Fitch method or the like.
- the Aw value is preferably 0.20 or less, and the thermal conductivity is preferably 0.02 to 0.08 kcal / mh ° C.
- an acid-resistant outer layer is formed, or the formed seamless capsule film (outermost layer) is treated to be acid-resistant.
- the acid-resistant outer layer 0.01 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass of pectin, alginate, gum arabic and the like with respect to gelatin, agar, carrageenan and the like having gelling ability. The method of adding so that it may become% is mentioned.
- Examples of a method for imparting acid resistance to the formed seamless capsule film (outermost layer) include crosslinking treatment of the outer layer (outermost layer) of the seamless capsule and coating treatment of the surface of the seamless capsule. These treatments are preferably performed alone or in combination.
- crosslinking agent When cross-linking the outer layer containing protein, first, a seamless capsule is prepared and then thoroughly washed with water. The seamless capsule washed with water is added to an aqueous solution containing a crosslinking agent to crosslink the surface of the outer layer.
- a conventionally well-known crosslinking agent can be used as a crosslinking agent.
- the crosslinking agent include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, vanillyl aldehyde, acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, potassium alum, and ammonium alum.
- 1 part by weight of seamless capsules is added to 50 to 100 parts by weight of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 to 2% (w / v), preferably 0.5 to 2% (w / v) of a crosslinking agent.
- the outer layer is treated by stirring for ⁇ 300 seconds.
- the usage-amount of a crosslinking agent and the time to act vary with crosslinking agents. After the surface of the outer coating is crosslinked, it is sufficiently washed with water to remove the aqueous solution containing the crosslinking agent and dry the moisture contained in the outer layer.
- cross-linking treatment of the outer layer containing the above protein cross-linking by an enzyme treatment using transglutaminase may be performed.
- 1 part by mass of the produced seamless capsule is added to 50 to 100 parts by mass of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 to 10% (w / v), preferably 0.5 to 2% (w / v) enzyme,
- the outer layer is treated by stirring for 1 to 300 minutes, washed with water and dried as described above.
- the resulting wet seamless capsule is dried, and then shellac, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose TC-5, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, zein, ethylene Based on wax, etc., using conventional methods such as castor oil, rapeseed oil, dibutyl phthalate, polyethylene glycol, glycerin, stearic acid, fatty acid ester, sorbitan palmitate, polyoxyethylene stearate, acetylated monoglyceride as plasticizer Coat seamless capsules according to
- the capsule is protected from acidic solutions in the stomach (for example, stomach acid), etc., and is disintegrated in the intestine, thereby releasing transformed bifidobacteria inside the capsule in the intestine. It is possible to sufficiently produce the antigen in the intestine. Entericity is generally imparted by those skilled in the art by producing enteric capsules. Further, an enteric coating can be obtained by using a mixture containing gelatin and pectin as the outer layer material of the seamless capsule. Prepared by adding pectin, alginate, gum arabic and the like to gelatin having gelling ability, agar, carrageenan, etc. in an amount of 0.01 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass. The acid resistant outer layer also has enteric properties.
- the seamless capsule preparation can be spherical due to its manufacturing method.
- the average particle size of the seamless capsule is 0.3 to 10 mm, preferably 1.5 to 8.0 mm.
- the thus obtained seamless capsule preparation can be stored for 6 months or more while retaining the activity of the transformed bifidobacteria at room temperature, and when stored at 10 ° C. or lower, it can be stored for a long period of 1 year or longer. Is possible.
- the soft capsule preparation contains a suspension of transformed bifidobacteria in a non-aqueous solvent and is contained in a film sheet.
- the material of the film sheet is the same as the material of the outer layer of the seamless capsule.
- the soft capsule preparation can be prepared by a known technique, for example, a method described in Japanese Patent No. 2999535.
- a rotary die can be used to encapsulate and encapsulate the coating sheet by heating it through a mold while injecting and filling the contents.
- oil obtained as a release agent is removed from the obtained soft capsule by washing with a polar solvent (for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol). .
- a polar solvent for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol.
- the crosslinking treatment and the coating treatment may be performed in combination, or any one of the treatments may be performed to make it acid resistant.
- the acid-resistant film sheet is 0.01 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass of pectin, alginate, gum arabic and the like with respect to gelatin, agar, carrageenan and the like having gelling ability. And can be prepared based on a known method. Alternatively, the film sheet may be combined with a crosslinking treatment and a coating treatment, or any one of the treatments may be performed to make it acid resistant.
- the capsule is molded and the contents are introduced into the capsule by a known technique, and then the contents are encapsulated by welding the seam of the capsule.
- a soft capsule preparation containing transformed bifidobacteria can be produced by an acid-resistant film.
- Soft capsule formulations can have a spherical, elliptical, or rectangular structure.
- the soft capsule preferably has a major axis of 3 to 16 mm and a minor axis of 2 to 10 mm, more preferably a major axis of 5 to 7 mm and a minor axis of 2 to 3 mm.
- the thus obtained soft capsule preparation can be stored for 6 months or more while retaining the activity of the transformed bifidobacteria at room temperature, and when stored at 10 ° C. or lower, it can be stored for a long period of 1 year or longer. Is possible.
- a hard capsule formulation can be produced by pre-molding a capsule film into a body and a cap, filling the contents into the capsule body, and then combining the capsule cap.
- Examples of the film material for the hard capsule preparation include gelatin, cellulose, pullulan, carrageenan, and cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
- Hard capsules can be molded by methods commonly used by those skilled in the art. The molded capsule may be a commercially available capsule. The contents can be wrapped in a film and sealed.
- the content contains well-mixed transformed bifidobacteria with excipients (for example, anhydrous silicic acid, synthetic aluminum silicate, lactose, corn starch, crystalline cellulose) or contains dry powder of transformed bifidobacteria Powder.
- excipients for example, anhydrous silicic acid, synthetic aluminum silicate, lactose, corn starch, crystalline cellulose
- the capsule film may be coated.
- the materials and methods described in the outer layer of the seamless capsule are applied, thereby imparting acid resistance and preferably disintegration (enteric) in the intestine.
- This coating may also have the role of encapsulating the capsule film and including the contents.
- the acid-resistant film sheet is 0.01 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass of pectin, alginate, gum arabic and the like with respect to gelatin, agar, carrageenan and the like having gelling ability. And can be prepared based on a known method. Alternatively, the film sheet may be combined with a crosslinking treatment and a coating treatment, or any one of the treatments may be performed to make it acid resistant.
- a hard capsule can be molded by a known technique, and the contents are put inside the molded hard capsule and the seam of the capsule is welded. The contents can be encapsulated, and a hard capsule preparation containing transformed bifidobacteria by an acid-resistant film can be produced.
- the hard capsule preparation thus obtained can be stored for 6 months or longer while retaining the activity of the transformed bifidobacteria at room temperature, and when stored at 10 ° C. or lower, it can be stored for a long period of 1 year or longer. Is possible.
- Example 1 Preparation of GL-BP-FliC surface display bifidobacteria
- the PCR product containing the amplified GL-BP gene is subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, the 1989 bp PCR product is excised, and only the amplified GL-BP fragment is obtained using Wizard SV Gel and PCR Clean-Up System (Promega). Isolated and purified.
- FliC gene Isolation of FliC gene Primer with XhoI sequence from the genome of Salmonella Salmonella typhimurium (Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC13312 (purchased from Sumisho Pharma))
- a FliC gene was amplified by performing a PCR reaction using fliC-f: 5′-cctcgagatggcacaagtcattaatacaaacag-3 ′ (SEQ ID NO: 7) and fliC-r: 5′-cctcgagttaacgcagtaaagagaggacg-3 ′ (SEQ ID NO: 8).
- the amplified PCR product containing the FliC gene was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, the 1502 bp PCR product was excised, and only the FliC amplified fragment was isolated and purified using the Wizard SV Gel and PCR Clean-Up System.
- coli DH5 ⁇ by the heat shock method, applied to an LB agar medium containing 100 ⁇ g / ml of ampicillin, cultured overnight at 37 ° C., and a fusion gene of GL-BP gene and FliC gene ( A transformed Escherichia coli carrying the plasmid having FIG. 1) was obtained. From the resulting transformed Escherichia coli, a plasmid was extracted and purified using the Quantum Prep Plasmid Miniprep Kit, the sequence was confirmed by sequencing, and a recombinant plasmid in which the FliC gene was linked downstream of the GL-BP gene was obtained. The resulting recombinant plasmid was named pJT102.
- PCR was performed using primers pBLES-f3581: 5′-tagtttgcgcaacgttgttgcc-3 ′ (SEQ ID NO: 11) and pBLES-r93: 5′-gatttcatacacggtgcctgac-3 ′ (SEQ ID NO: 12), and resistance to spectinomycin
- SPr the gene
- bifidobacteria replication origin ori region was obtained and purified by ethanol precipitation.
- primers pMW118-f 5′-atcacgaggccctttcgtcttc-3 ′ (SEQ ID NO: 13) and pMW118-r: 5′-cctgttctattaggtgttacatgc-3 ′ (SEQ ID NO: 14),
- a PCR product containing the E. coli replication origin ori region was obtained and purified by ethanol precipitation. Using two PCR products, ligation was performed using DNA Ligation Kit Ver2.1.
- the obtained plasmid was introduced into Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇ by a heat shock method, applied to an LB agar medium containing 70 ⁇ g / ml of spectinomycin, cultured overnight at 37 ° C., and the origin of E. coli replication origin and the spectinomycin.
- a transformed Escherichia coli carrying a plasmid having a resistance gene (SPr) and a bifidus origin of replication ori region was obtained. From the resulting transformed Escherichia coli, a plasmid was extracted and purified using the Quantum Prep Plasmid Miniprep Kit, and had an E.
- coli replication origin ori region a spectinomycin resistance gene (SPr), and a bifidobacterial replication origin ori region.
- SPr spectinomycin resistance gene
- bifidobacterial replication origin ori region A recombinant plasmid was obtained.
- the resulting recombinant plasmid was named shuttle vector pJW241.
- the PCR amplification product was purified by an ethanol precipitation method and then treated with a restriction enzyme NdeI. Apart from this, the above E.I.
- the Escherichia coli-Bifidobacterium shuttle vector obtained in (1) was treated with the restriction enzyme NdeI.
- the NdeI-treated PCR gene fragment and pJW241 were ligated using DNA Ligation Kit Ver2.1, the resulting plasmid was introduced into E. coli DH5 ⁇ by the heat shock method, and an LB agar medium containing 70 ⁇ g / ml of spectinomycin And the cells are cultured overnight at 37 ° C., and the E.
- coli replication origin ori region the spectinomycin resistance gene (SPr), the bifidobacteria replication origin ori region, and the fusion of the GL-BP gene and the FliC gene.
- SPr spectinomycin resistance gene
- bifidobacteria replication origin ori region the fusion of the GL-BP gene and the FliC gene.
- Plasmids were extracted and purified from the transformed Escherichia coli using the Quantum Prep Plasmid Miniprep Kit, and the presence of the gene sequence in which the GL-BP gene and the FliC gene were linked was confirmed.
- the resulting recombinant plasmid was named pJW245.
- Bifidobacterium longum 105-A (Matsumura H. et al., Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 1997, 61, pp. 1211-1212: Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo 50 ml of GAM medium (manufactured by Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was inoculated and cultured at 37 ° C. using Aneropac Kenki (manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.). During the culture, the absorbance at a wavelength of 600 nm was measured, and the culture was stopped when the absorbance reached 0.4 to 0.8.
- the cells were collected by centrifugation (6000 ⁇ g, 10 minutes) with a high-speed centrifuge.
- the collected cells were suspended by adding 10 ml of 10% (v / v) glycerol solution, and centrifuged with a high-speed centrifuge to wash the cells 2 to 3 times.
- the mixed solution was put into an electroporation cuvette 0.2 cm (manufactured by Bio-Rad), and the conditions were 2 kV, 2.5 ⁇ F, 200 ⁇ using Gene Pulser Xcell electroporation system (manufactured by Bio-Rad). Electroporation was performed. Immediately after electroporation, 0.8 ml of GAM medium that had been brought to 37 ° C. in advance was added, followed by culturing at 37 ° C. for 3 hours using an aneropack.
- the obtained suspension was stored at ⁇ 80 ° C. to prepare a freeze stock, which was used as a master cell for GL-BP-FliC surface-displayed bifidobacteria (sometimes referred to as transformed bifidobacteria).
- Example 2 Confirmation of GL-BP-FliC surface display of transformed bifidobacteria-1)
- the freeze-stock transformed bifidobacteria obtained in Example 1 was thawed and cultured in a GAM medium containing 70 ⁇ g / ml of spectinomycin.
- the cultured transformed bifidobacteria were centrifuged with a high-speed centrifuge to collect the cells.
- PBS Natural Gene Co., Ltd.
- the primary antibody Anti FliC mouse antibody (manufactured by BioLegend) was added to PBS containing 1% (w / v) BSA, and the suspension was added to the bifidobacteria solution and allowed to stand at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the bacterial solution left for 30 minutes was centrifuged with a high-speed centrifuge to collect bacterial cells.
- PBS was added to the collected cells and suspended, and the cells were washed twice by centrifugation with a high-speed centrifuge.
- the secondary antibody Alexa Fluor TM 488 Rabbit Anti-Mouse IgG antibody (Molecular Probes) was added to PBS containing 1% (w / v) BSA, and this was added to the Bifidobacteria solution and suspended at 37 ° C. Left for 30 minutes. The bacterial solution left for 30 minutes was centrifuged with a high-speed centrifuge to collect bacterial cells. PBS was added to the collected cells and suspended, and the cells were washed twice by centrifugation with a high-speed centrifuge, and then observed with a fluorescence microscope (manufactured by KEYENCE). The results are shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a fluorescence micrograph of the transformed bifidobacteria (GL-BP-FliC surface display) obtained in Example 1 above
- FIG. 2 (b) is the host bifidobacteria (GL-BP-FliC). It is a fluorescence micrograph of (without surface layer presentation). From this fluorescence micrograph, it was confirmed that FliC was present on the cell surface of the transformed bifidobacteria.
- Example 3 Confirmation of GL-BP-FliC surface display of transformed bifidobacteria-2)
- the freeze-stocked transformed bifidobacteria obtained in Example 1 was thawed and cultured in a GAM medium containing 70 ⁇ g / ml spectinomycin.
- the cultured transformed bifidobacteria were centrifuged with a high-speed centrifuge to collect the cells. PBS was added to the collected cells and suspended, and the cells were washed 3 times by centrifugation with a high-speed centrifuge.
- an 8% (w / v) acrylamide gel was set in an electrophoresis apparatus (manufactured by Atto Co., Ltd.), and the obtained sample was applied, followed by electrophoresis with a molecular weight marker at a current of 20 mA for 1.5 hours.
- the gel after electrophoresis was placed on a nitrocellulose membrane (manufactured by Atto Co., Ltd.), and blotting was performed by applying a current of 20 mA to a blotting apparatus (manufactured by Bio-Rad).
- TBS made by Nippon Gene Co., Ltd.
- TBS a buffer solution containing 4% (w / v) skim milk (made by BD) for 1 hour.
- the nitrocellulose membrane was washed twice with TBS.
- the nitrocellulose membrane was immersed in TBS to which 0.5% (w / v) primary antibody (Anti FliC mouse antibody: manufactured by BioLegend) was added for 1.5 hours, and washed with TBS three times.
- the nitrocellulose membrane was immersed in TBS to which 0.5% (w / v) secondary antibody (goat anti mouse IgG conjugated with alkaline phosphatase: manufactured by BioLegend) was added for 3 hours.
- the nitrocellulose membrane was washed 3 times with TBS, developed using a 1-Step tm NBT / BCIP plus Suppressor kit (manufactured by PIERCE) for 30 minutes under light shielding, rinsed with pure water, and then developed with FliC.
- the surface expression of the fusion protein with GL-BP (GL-BP-FliC) was confirmed.
- the results of Western blotting are shown in FIG.
- Example 4 Preparation of transformed bifidobacteria for mouse administration
- the freeze-stocked transformed bifidobacteria obtained in Example 1 above was thawed, inoculated into a GAM medium containing 70 ⁇ g / ml of spectinomycin, and cultured overnight at 37 ° C. using Aneropackenki.
- the cultured bacterial solution was centrifuged with a high-speed centrifuge to collect bacterial cells.
- PBS was added to the collected cells and suspended, and the cells were washed twice by centrifugation with a high-speed centrifuge. Subsequently, the cells were suspended in PBS so as to be 2.5 ⁇ 10 7 CFU / 100 ⁇ l to obtain transformed bifidobacteria for mouse administration.
- Example 5 Confirmation of antibody production in mice by administration of transformed bifidobacteria
- 8 to 12-week-old female BALB / c mice (Charles River Japan Co., Ltd.) were transformed with 50 ⁇ L of the transformed bifidobacteria for mouse administration prepared in Example 4 at a frequency of 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
- Each was administered orally (test group).
- Bifidobacterium into which an empty vector (pJW241 vector) was introduced as a comparative control (comparative control group) and 50 ⁇ l of PBS as a negative control (negative control group) were administered in the same manner as in the test group. There were 7, 6 and 5 mice in each group, respectively.
- the obtained serum and feces lysate were subjected to ELISA as follows. First, 50 ⁇ l / well of 1.0 ⁇ g / ml flagellin (InvivoGen) was added to three Nunc Immunoplate Maxisorb F96 plates (Nalge Nunc), and left overnight at 4 ° C. After washing the plate with PBS, 200 ⁇ l / well of PBS containing 1% (w / v) BSA (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added and left at room temperature for 2 hours. After washing with TBS, 50 ⁇ l / well of mouse serum prepared with a dilution series with PBS was added and left at room temperature for an additional 3 hours.
- each of the 3 plates was diluted with Anti IgG Mouse Goat Poly-HRP 1/1000 (R & D Systems) and Anti IgA Mouse Goat Poly-HRP 1/2000 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). And Anti IgM Mouse Goat Poly-HRP 1/2000 dilution (manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology) were added at 50 ⁇ l / well and allowed to react at room temperature for 3 hours.
- a substrate reagent OptEIA TM manufactured by BD was added at 100 ⁇ l / well and allowed to react at room temperature for 20 minutes in the dark.
- the reaction was stopped by adding 100 ⁇ l / well of 1N sulfuric acid (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and the absorbance at 450 nm was measured using an absorptiometer Ultrospec Visible Plate Reader II 96 (manufactured by Amersham Biosciences).
- the time course of anti-flagellin IgA level in fecal lysate is shown in FIG. The higher the absorbance at 450 nm, the higher the IgA level.
- each value represents the average value of each group of mice, and the bar represents the standard deviation.
- the amount of anti-flagellin IgA antibody in feces increased markedly on the 11th to 14th days after the start of administration.
- FIG. 5 (a) shows the anti-flagellin IgA level
- FIG. 5 (b) shows the anti-flagellin IgG level
- FIG. 5 (c) shows the time course of the anti-flagellin IgM level.
- IgA was high 14 days after the start of administration, as in the case of fecal lysate.
- both IgG and IgM had increased immunoglobulin levels on the 14th day after the start of administration, and remained at a high level on the 28th day.
- the anti-flagellin antibody was confirmed in the serum by orally administering the flagellin surface layer-presenting bifidobacteria.
- Example 6 Confirmation of immune responsiveness of spleen cells to transformed bifidobacteria
- 8-12 week old female BALB / c mice were laparotomized, and the spleen was punctured with a syringe with an 18G needle, and the spleen cells were taken out and transferred to a petri dish.
- Spleen cells were separated into single cells using a cell strainer and washed twice with sterile PBS. Spleen cells were suspended in 0.1 M ammonium chloride solution, and this cell suspension was incubated at 25 ° C. for 15 minutes in the dark. Centrifuged and collected spleen cells.
- RPMI1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 U / ml penicillin, 100 ⁇ M 2-mercaptoethanol and 2 mM L-glutamine is added to the collected spleen cells and suspended, and the number of cells is counted. It was.
- Spleen cells are placed in each well of a 96-well plate (manufactured by Pierce Biotechnology) at 3 ⁇ 10 6 cells / well, and the transformed bifidobacteria for mouse administration prepared in Example 4 is adjusted to 50 ⁇ g / well.
- spleen cells were cultured at 25 ° C. for 48 hours.
- spleen cells were placed in each well of a 96-well plate at 3 ⁇ 10 6 cells / well, and spleen cells were cultured at 25 ° C. for 48 hours without adding transformed bifidobacteria. The culture was then centrifuged at 5000g for 10 minutes to obtain a supernatant and stored at -80 ° C.
- the cytokine concentration in the supernatant was measured using a commercially available IFN- ⁇ and IL-12 ELISA kit (Pierce Biotechnology). As a result, high levels of IFN- ⁇ and IL-12 were detected in the supernatants of all wells in which spleen cells were cultured in the presence of transformed bifidobacteria. Thus, it was confirmed that the production of IFN- ⁇ and IL-12 in the spleen cells of mice was induced by orally administering the flagellin surface-displayed bifidobacteria to the mice.
- Example 7 Infection test of mice with transformed bifidobacteria-1) 8 to 12-week-old female BALB / c mice were orally administered with 2.5 ⁇ 10 7 cfu / 100 ⁇ l of the transformed bifidobacteria for mouse administration prepared in Example 4 every other day for 2 weeks.
- Test group Bifidobacterium into which an empty vector (pJW241 vector) was introduced as a comparative control (comparative control group) and 100 ⁇ l of PBS as a negative control (negative control group) were administered in the same manner as in the test group. There were 14 mice in each group.
- Salmonella typhimurium (Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica serovar Typhimurium) ATCC 14028 (Sumitomo Pharma) Purchased)) (hereinafter referred to as Salmonella typhimurium) was orally administered, and thereafter observed daily for 40 days.
- Salmonella typhimurium The time course of the survival rate of each group of mice is shown in FIG. As a result, 9 out of 14 animals in the control group died and 12 out of 14 animals in the negative control group died (average survival days were 14 days and 25 days, respectively), but 2 out of 14 animals in the test group. Most individuals survived just by dying.
- mice For each group of surviving mice, the concentration of cytokines produced by spleen cells was measured using commercially available IFN- ⁇ and IL-12 ELISA kits. As a result, spleen cells isolated from individuals in the test group were shown to produce significantly higher levels of IFN- ⁇ and IL-12 than the other groups. Thus, the lethal action on mice due to oral administration of Salmonella typhimurium could be effectively suppressed by orally administering the flagellin surface layer-presenting bifidobacteria to mice.
- Example 8 Infection test of mice with transformed bifidobacteria-2) Eleven days after the oral administration of Salmonella typhimurium in Example 7 above, the spleen was taken out from the surviving mouse individuals of each group, and Salmonella typhimurium in the spleen was detected by real-time PCR analysis.
- DNA was separated and purified from the spleen using a DNeasy Blood & Tissue kit (manufactured by QIAGEN) to prepare a sample DNA solution.
- genomic DNA was separated and purified from 10 6 to 10 10 cfu of Salmonella typhimurium, and diluted stepwise to obtain a DNA solution for preparing a calibration curve.
- primers ST11: 5′-gccaaccattgctaaattggcgca-3 ′ (SEQ ID NO: 17) and ST15: 5′-ggtagaaattcccagcgggtactgg-3 ′ (SEQ ID NO: 18) (Soumet C et al., Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 1999 12.5 ⁇ l of SYBR Green Master mix (Applied Biosystems) containing 0.3 ⁇ mol / l each, 28 volumes, pp. 113-117) and 1 ⁇ l of sample DNA solution or DNA solution for preparing a calibration curve are mixed. did.
- PCR reaction was performed according to the protocol attached to the SYBR Green Master mix (holding at 50 ° C for 2 minutes, then holding at 95 ° C for 10 minutes, then holding at 95 ° C for 15 seconds and holding at 60 ° C for 1 minute) The cycle consisting of was repeated 50 times). PCR reaction was performed 3 times for each sample DNA solution.
- Example 9 Preparation of GL-BP-FliC surface display bifidobacteria and confirmation of GL-BP-FliC surface display
- B. adolescentis ATCC 15703
- Bifidobacterium animalis B. animalis
- ATCC 25527 B. bifidum ATCC 11863
- B. breve ATCC 15700 Example 12
- Bifidobacterium The procedure was similar to that of Example 1 except that B. infantis ATCC25962 (Example 13) or B.
- pseudocatenulatum ATCC27919 (Example 14) was used. To obtain transformed bifidobacteria with the recombinant plasmid pJW245, and then operate in the same manner as in Example 2 to obtain these transformed bifidobacteria. It was confirmed that the presence of the GL-BP-FliC on the cell surface of the skins.
- the target protein or peptide can be expressed and presented on the cell surface of Bifidobacterium.
- antigenic proteins such as microorganisms, viruses, protozoa, and cancer
- the antigenic protein is carried as a carrier to the small intestinal mucosa and nasal mucosa, and an antibody reaction to the antigen presented in the mucosa is induced.
- the oral vaccine of the present invention is highly safe because it uses bifidobacteria with dietary experience.
- immunity is induced through the intestinal tract, which is the same route as the actual infection route, and both humoral immunity and cellular immunity work.
Abstract
Description
本発明において、「ビフィズス菌」とは、ビフィドバクテリウム属に属する微生物をいう。ビフィズス菌としては、例えば、ビフィドバクテリウム・アドレスセンティス(Bifidobacterium adolescentis)、ビフィドバクテリウム・アングラタム(B. angulatum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・アニマリス・サブスピーシス・アニマリス(B. animalis subsp. animalis)、ビフィドバクテリウム・アニマリス・サブスピーシス・ラクティス(B. animalis subsp. lactis)、ビフィドバクテリウム・アステロイデス(B. asteroides)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム(B. bifidum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ボウム(B. boum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ブレベ(B. breve)、ビフィドバクテリウム・カテヌラタム(B. catenulatum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ケリナム(B. choerinum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・コリネフォーム(B. coryneforme)、ビフィドバクテリウム・クニクリ(B. cuniculi)、ビフィドバクテリウム・デンティコレンス(B. denticolens)、ビフィドバクテリウム・デンティウム(B. dentium)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ガリクム(B. gallicum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ガリナラム(B. gallinarum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・グロボサム(B. globosum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・インディカム(B. indicum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・インファンティス(B. infantis)、ビフィドバクテリウム・イノピナタム(B. inopinatum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ラクティス(B. lactis)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(B. longum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・マグナム(B. magnum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・メリシカム(B. merycicum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ミニマム(B. minimum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・パーブロラム(B. parvulorum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードカテヌラタム(B. pseudocatenulatum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム・サブスピーシス・グロボスム(B. pseudolongum subsp. globosum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム・サブスピーシス・シュードロンガム(B. pseudolongum subsp. pseudolongum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・プロルム(B. pullorum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ルミナル(B. ruminale)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ルミナンティアム(B. ruminantium)、ビフィドバクテリウム・セクラル(B. saeculare)、ビフィドバクテリウム・スカードビ(B. scardovii)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ズブチル(B. subtile)、ビフィドバクテリウム・スイス(B. suis)、ビフィドバクテリウム・サームアシドフィルム(B. thermacidophilum)、およびビフィドバクテリウム・サームフィルム(B. thermophilum)が挙げられる。
GNB/LNB基質結合膜タンパク質(GL-BP)は、ビフィズス菌が有するラクト-N-ビオース(すなわち、N-アセチル-3-O-(β-D-ガラクトピラノシル)-D-グルコサミン)およびガラクト-N-ビオース(すなわち、N-アセチル-3-O-(β-D-ガラクトピラノシル)-D-ガラクトサミン)を輸送するABCタンパク質(ATP Binding Cassette protein)ファミリーに属する膜タンパク質である。ABCタンパク質とは、ATP(アデノシン3リン酸)というエネルギーを使用し、すべての生物の細胞膜上で特異的な物質の輸送を能動的に行う重要な膜タンパク質であり、細胞膜上に多種のABCタンパク質が存在している。そのため、ABCタンパク質であるGL-BPは、GL-BP表層発現のための細胞機能が備わっているビフィドバクテリウム属細菌(ビフィズス菌)において、適切なプロモーターを利用すれば、ビフィズス菌では普遍的に発現する。例えば、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガムJCM1217(ATCC15707)株由来のGL-BPは、配列表の配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有する。
ビフィズス菌の表層に提示すべき目的のタンパク質またはペプチドは、特に限定されない。目的のタンパク質またはペプチドは、本来細胞表層に局在しないタンパク質またはペプチドであって、細胞表層に提示することを目的として配置されるタンパク質またはペプチドが好ましい。例えば、抗原タンパク質またはペプチド、酵素などが挙げられる。なお、目的の機能を果たし得る限り、その構造は天然に存在するタンパク質またはペプチドに限定されず、該タンパク質またはペプチドを構成するアミノ酸に1以上の置換、欠失、または付加が有ってもよい。
アジュバンド機能を有するタンパク質として、微生物の鞭毛を構成するフラジェリンタンパク質が、高レベルの抗体を誘導することが知られている。
本発明において、ビフィズス菌の表層に発現・提示されるタンパク質またはペプチドは、GL-BPとの融合タンパク質として発現される。この融合タンパク質は、N末端からGL-BPおよび目的のタンパク質またはペプチドの順に連結されている。必要に応じて、GL-BPと目的のタンパク質またはペプチドとの間に、アジュバンド機能を有するタンパク質を含んでいてもよい。
以下、目的のタンパク質またはペプチドをビフィズス菌表層に融合タンパク質として発現・提示させる形質転換ビフィズス菌の調製手順について、操作の順に説明する。
GL-BPをコードする遺伝子、目的のタンパク質またはペプチドをコードする遺伝子、およびFliCをコードする遺伝子は、それぞれ公知の遺伝子配列またはアミノ酸配列情報に基づいて、入手可能である。例えば、任意のビフィズス菌から調製したゲノムDNAあるいはcDNAを鋳型とし、該ビフィズス菌のGL-BPの構造遺伝子の配列情報に基づいて作製したプライマー対を用いてポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)で増幅して取得し得る。一般に1つのアミノ酸に対して複数種の遺伝暗号が存在するため、公知塩基配列または公知アミノ酸配列に基づく塩基配列とは異なる塩基配列を有する遺伝子であってもよい。
上記1.のように調製された各タンパク質をコードする遺伝子を有する組換え体DNAを調製する。本発明において、組換え体DNAは、発現ベクターまたは染色体組込み型ベクター(例えば、相同組換え型ベクター)であり得る。このようなベクターの調製に用いられるプラスミドとしては、ビフィズス菌で発現可能なプラスミドであれば特に制限はない。ビフィズス菌に由来するプラスミドとしては、pTB6、pBL67、pBL78、pNAL8H、pNAL8M、pNAC1、pBC1、pMB1、pGBL8bなどが用いられる。これらのプラスミドと大腸菌のプラスミドとの複合プラスミドもまた用いられ得、例えば、pBLES100、pKKT427、pRM2などが挙げられる。
組換え体DNA、例えば、発現ベクターを、宿主であるビフィズス菌に導入する。形質転換方法は、公知の方法であればいずれも用いることができる。具体的には、例えば、電気穿孔法(エレクトロポレーション法)、リン酸カルシウム法、リポフェクション法、カルシウムイオン法、プロトプラスト法、マイクロインジェクション法、パーティクル・ガン法などが挙げられる。本発明においては、エレクトロポレーション法を用いるのが好ましい。エレクトロポレーション法による場合、0.5~20kV/cm、0.5μsec~10msecの条件で行うことが可能である。より好ましくは、2~10kV/cm、50μsec~5msecで行うことが望ましい。
本発明の形質転換ビフィズス菌は、表層に提示している目的のタンパク質またはペプチドが疾患の治療または予防目的で投与することが好ましい場合、任意の製剤の形態で投与される。投与経路は特に限定されず、経口投与または非経口投与が挙げられる。目的のタンパク質またはペプチドが抗原タンパク質またはペプチドである場合は、経口投与または経鼻投与が好ましい。
本発明において、目的のタンパク質またはペプチドが、抗原タンパク質である場合、形質転換ビフィズス菌は、経口ワクチンとして好適である。例えば、抗原タンパク質がフラジェリンである場合、フラジェリンは腸管壁で抗原として認識されて、抗体が産生される。したがって、フラジェリンを有する微生物の感染に対して有効な経口ワクチンとなる。
本発明の経口ワクチンは、カプセル製剤の形態であることが好ましい。本明細書中では、内容物をその中に含むカプセルを「カプセル製剤」という。本発明におけるカプセル製剤は、カプセル皮膜と目的のタンパク質またはペプチドを表層に発現する形質転換ビフィズス菌とで構成され、このカプセル皮膜は耐酸性である。耐酸性であるカプセル皮膜と目的のタンパク質またはペプチドを表層に発現する形質転換ビフィズス菌とで構成されるカプセル製剤とは、耐酸性のカプセル皮膜を有し、そして目的のタンパク質またはペプチドを表層に発現する形質転換ビフィズス菌をカプセル内容物として含有する限り、任意の構成および形状をとり、当該カプセル製剤が、さらなる構成要素を含んでいることを除外しない。したがって、目的のタンパク質またはペプチドを表層に発現する形質転換ビフィズス菌が、耐酸性のカプセル皮膜によって包含されている、または封じ込められている(すなわち、耐酸性の皮膜によって形成されるカプセルの内部領域に含有されている)。本明細書中では、このカプセル製剤を「耐酸性カプセル製剤」ともいう。
胃酸に対して耐性を付与するためのカプセルの形状としては、好ましくは、「シームレスカプセル」が挙げられる。シームレスカプセルとは、軟カプセルの一種であり、継ぎ目のない皮膜で内容物を封入する形態のカプセルをいう。シームレスカプセルは、二層以上の多層構造が可能であり、三層またはそれ以上の多層構造を有することが好ましい。通常、最内層に内容物(本発明の場合は、形質転換ビフィズス菌)を含み得、そして外層(または最外層)が皮膜となり得る。言い換えれば、形質転換ビフィズス菌が皮膜によって包含された形態である。
軟カプセル製剤は、シームレスカプセル製剤の場合と同様、非水性溶媒中への形質転換ビフィズス菌の懸濁液を内容物とし、皮膜シートで包含したものである。皮膜シートの材料は、シームレスカプセルの外層の材料と同様である。
硬カプセル製剤は、カプセル皮膜を予めボディとキャップとに成型し、内容物をカプセルボディに充填し、次いでカプセルキャップを組み合わせることにより、製造され得る。
A.GL-BP遺伝子の単離
ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)JCM1217(ATCC15707)ゲノム(Accession:EU193949)より、プライマーglt-f:5'-ggggtgctgatatattggtttg-3'(配列番号5)および終止コドンがXhoIに置換されるようにしたglt-r:5'-gctcgagctcggaaacagacaggccgaagtt-3'(配列番号6)とKOD -Plus-(TOYOBO社製)とを用いてPCR反応を行ってGL-BP遺伝子を増幅させた。増幅させたGL-BP遺伝子を含むPCR産物についてアガロースゲル電気泳動を行い、1989bpのPCR産物を切り出し、Wizard SV Gel and PCR Clean-Up System(Promega社製)を用いてGL-BP増幅断片のみを単離精製した。
単離精製したGL-BP遺伝子増幅断片を、アンピシリン耐性遺伝子(Ampr)を有するpMW118(株式会社ニッポンジーン製)のSmaIサイトに導入し、プラスミドの構築を行った。なお、ライゲーションには、DNA Ligation kit Ver. 2(タカラバイオ株式会社製)を用いた。構築したプラスミドを、ヒートショック法(42℃、30秒)にて大腸菌DH5α(タカラバイオ株式会社製)に導入し、アンピシリン100μg/mlを含むLB寒天培地(Difco社製)に塗布し、37℃にて一晩培養し、GL-BP遺伝子を有するプラスミドを保持した形質転換大腸菌を得た。形質転換大腸菌からQuantum Prep Plasmid Miniprep Kit(Bio-Rad社製)を使用してプラスミドを抽出精製し、シーケンスによる配列確認を行い、GL-BP遺伝子の導入された組換えプラスミドを得た。得られた組換えプラスミドをpJT101と命名した。
サルモネラ属ネズミチフス菌(サルモネラ・エンテリカ・サブスピーシス・エンテリカ・セロバー・ティフィムリウム(Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium)ATCC13312(住商ファーマより購入))のゲノムより、XhoI配列を付加したプライマーfliC-f:5'-cctcgagatggcacaagtcattaatacaaacag-3'(配列番号7)およびfliC-r:5'-cctcgagttaacgcagtaaagagaggacg-3'(配列番号8)を用いてPCR反応を行ってFliC遺伝子を増幅させた。増幅させたFliC遺伝子を含むPCR産物についてアガロースゲル電気泳動を行い、1502bpのPCR産物を切り出し、Wizard SV Gel and PCR Clean-Up Systemを用いてFliC増幅断片のみを単離精製した。
上記C.にて単離精製したFliC遺伝子の増幅断片を、制限酵素XhoIで処理した。このXhoI処理したFliC遺伝子増幅断片を、DNA Ligation kit Ver. 2を用いて、同じく制限酵素XhoIで処理した上記pJT101プラスミドへ導入し、プラスミドの構築を行った。構築したプラスミドを、ヒートショック法にて大腸菌DH5αに導入し、アンピシリン100μg/mlを含むLB寒天培地に塗布し、37℃にて一晩培養し、GL-BP遺伝子とFliC遺伝子との融合遺伝子(図1)を有するプラスミドを保持した形質転換大腸菌を得た。得られた形質転換大腸菌から、Quantum Prep Plasmid Miniprep Kitを使用してプラスミドを抽出精製し、シーケンスによる配列確認を行い、GL-BP遺伝子の下流にFliC遺伝子を連結した組換えプラスミドを得た。得られた組換えプラスミドをpJT102と命名した。
大腸菌-ビフィズス菌シャトルベクターであるpBLES100ベクターのビフィズス菌複製開始点を残したまま短縮するため、pBLES100(Matsumura H.ら,Biosci. Biotech. Biochem.,1997年,61巻,pp.1211-1212)をテンプレートにして、プライマー(pBLES-f:5'-agggacttgatctgctcatccag-3'(配列番号9)およびpBLES-r:5'-ttcccattaaataataaaacaaaaaaat-3'(配列番号10))を用いてPCRを行った。PCR増幅産物を用いてアガロースゲル電気泳動を行い、PCR産物を切り出しWizard SV Gel and PCR Clean-Up Systemを用いてPCR増幅断片のみを単離精製した。精製後、DNA Ligation Kit Ver2.1(タカラバイオ株式会社製)を用いて、セルフライゲーションを行った。セルフライゲーションで得られたプラスミドをpTK1751と命名した。pTK1751をテンプレートとして、プライマーpBLES-f3581:5'-tagtttgcgcaacgttgttgcc-3'(配列番号11)およびpBLES-r93:5'-gatttcatacacggtgcctgac-3'(配列番号12)を用いてPCRを行い、スペクチノマイシン耐性遺伝子(SPr)およびビフィズス菌の複製開始点ori領域を含むPCR産物を得、エタノール沈殿法にて精製した。また、これとは別に、pMW118をテンプレートとして、プライマーpMW118-f:5'-atcacgaggccctttcgtcttc-3'(配列番号13)およびpMW118-r:5'-cctgttctattaggtgttacatgc-3'(配列番号14)を用いて、大腸菌複製開始点ori領域を含むPCR産物を得、エタノール沈殿法にて精製した。2つのPCR産物を用いて、DNA Ligation Kit Ver2.1を用いて、ライゲーションを行った。得られたプラスミドをヒートショック法にて大腸菌DH5αに導入し、スペクチノマイシン70μg/mlを含むLB寒天培地に塗布し、37℃にて一晩培養し、大腸菌複製開始点ori領域とスペクチノマイシン耐性遺伝子(SPr)とビフィズス菌の複製開始点ori領域とを有するプラスミドを保持した形質転換大腸菌を得た。得られた形質転換大腸菌から、Quantum Prep Plasmid Miniprep Kitを使用してプラスミドを抽出精製し、大腸菌複製開始点ori領域とスペクチノマイシン耐性遺伝子(SPr)とビフィズス菌の複製開始点ori領域とを有する組換えプラスミドを得た。得られた組換えプラスミドをシャトルベクターpJW241と命名した。
GL-BP遺伝子とFliC遺伝子とが連結された遺伝子を有するベクターpJT102をテンプレートとして、プライマーGL-BP-NdeI-f:5'-ccatatgaagtacgttgctttgtaaggggag-3'(配列番号15)およびFliC-NdeI-r:5'-ccatatgttaacgcagtaaagagaggacg-3'(配列番号16)を用いてPCRを行った。PCR増幅産物をエタノール沈殿法にて精製後、制限酵素NdeIで制限酵素処理した。また、これとは別に、上記E.で得た大腸菌-ビフィズス菌シャトルベクターを制限酵素NdeIで処理した。NdeI処理したPCR遺伝子断片とpJW241とを、DNA Ligation Kit Ver2.1を用いてライゲートし、得られたプラスミドをヒートショック法にて大腸菌DH5αに導入し、スペクチノマイシン70μg/mlを含むLB寒天培地に塗布し、37℃にて一晩培養して、大腸菌複製開始点ori領域、スペクチノマイシン耐性遺伝子(SPr)、ビフィズス菌の複製開始点ori領域、およびGL-BP遺伝子とFliC遺伝子との融合遺伝子を有するプラスミドを保持した形質転換大腸菌を得た。形質転換大腸菌からQuantum Prep Plasmid Miniprep Kitを使用してプラスミドを抽出精製し、GL-BP遺伝子とFliC遺伝子とが連結された遺伝子の配列の存在を確認した。得られた組換えプラスミドをpJW245と命名した。
ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)105-A(Matsumura H.ら,Biosci. Biotech. Biochem.,1997年,61巻,pp.1211-1212:東京大学名誉教授 光岡知足氏より供与)をGAM培地(日水製薬株式会社製)50mlに植菌し、アネロパックケンキ(三菱ガス化学株式会社製)を用いて37℃にて培養した。培養中、波長600nmでの吸光度を測定し、吸光度が0.4~0.8に達した時点で培養を止めた。培養終了後、高速遠心分離機で遠心分離(6000×g、10分間)し、菌体を集めた。集めた菌体に10%(v/v)グリセロール溶液10mlを加えて懸濁し、高速遠心分離機で遠心分離して、菌体を2~3回洗浄した。
上記G.で得た宿主ビフィズス菌液に、10%(v/v)グリセロール溶液500μlを加えて懸濁した。別のチューブに、この懸濁液200μlをとり、上記F.で得た組換えプラスミドpJW245を含む溶液5μlを加えて混合し、氷上に5分間放置した。次いで、エレクトロポレーション・キュベット0.2cm(Bio-Rad社製)に混合液を入れ、Gene Pulser Xcellエレクトロポレーションシステム(Bio-Rad社製)を用いて2kV、2.5μF、200Ωの条件でエレクトロポレーションを行った。エレクトロポレーション後直ちに、予め37℃にしておいたGAM培地0.8mlを加え、アネロパックケンキを用いて37℃にて3時間培養した。次いで、スペクチノマイシン70μg/mlを含むGAM寒天培地(日水製薬株式会社製)に塗布し、アネロパックケンキを用いて37℃にて培養し、形質転換ビフィズス菌を得た。得られた形質転換ビフィズス菌をスペクチノマイシン70μg/mlを含むGAM培地に植菌し、アネロパックケンキを用いて37℃で培養した。培養終了後、1.5mlチューブに培養液を分注し、等量の50%(v/v)グリセロール溶液を加えて懸濁した。得られた懸濁液を-80℃で保存してフリーズストックを作成し、これを、GL-BP-FliC表層提示ビフィズス菌(形質転換ビフィズス菌という場合がある)のマスターセルとした。
上記実施例1で得たフリーズストックした形質転換ビフィズス菌を解凍し、スペクチノマイシン70μg/mlを含むGAM培地中で培養した。培養した形質転換ビフィズス菌を高速遠心分離機で遠心分離し、菌体を集めた。集めた菌体に緩衝液であるPBS(株式会社ニッポンジーン製)を加えて懸濁し、高速遠心分離機での遠心分離により菌体洗浄を3回行った。次いで、1%(w/v)BSAを含むPBSに一次抗体Anti FliC mouse antibody(BioLegend社製)を加え、これをビフィズス菌液に加えて懸濁し、37℃にて30分間放置した。30分間放置した菌液を高速遠心分離機で遠心分離し、菌体を集めた。集めた菌体にPBSを加えて懸濁し、高速遠心分離機での遠心分離による菌体洗浄を2回行った。次いで、1%(w/v)BSAを含むPBSに二次抗体Alexa FluorTM 488 Rabbit Anti-Mouse IgG antibody(Molecular Probes社製)を加え、これをビフィズス菌液に加えて懸濁し、37℃にて30分間放置した。30分間放置した菌液を、高速遠心分離機で遠心分離して菌体を集めた。集めた菌体にPBSを加えて懸濁し、高速遠心分離機での遠心分離による菌体洗浄を2回行った後、蛍光顕微鏡(KEYENCE社製)で観察した。結果を図2に示す。
上記実施例1で得たフリーズストックした形質転換ビフィズス菌を解凍し、スペクチノマイシン70μg/mlを含むGAM培地で培養した。培養した形質転換ビフィズス菌を高速遠心機で遠心し、菌体を集めた。集めた菌体にPBSを加えて懸濁し、高速遠心分離機での遠心分離による菌体洗浄を3回行った。菌体に、PBS、1MのTris-HCl(pH8.0)(株式会社ニッポンジーン製)、およびTriton X-100(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を含む溶液を加え、30分間氷上に放置した。この溶液に、等量の2×SDSゲル泳動緩衝液を加え、95℃で5分間放置して電気泳動用サンプルを得た。次いで、8%(w/v)アクリルアミドゲルを泳動装置(アトー株式会社製)にセットし、得られたサンプルをアプライし、分子量マーカーと共に20mAの電流にて1.5時間電気泳動を行った。電気泳動後のゲルをニトロセルロースメンブレン(アトー株式会社製)に重ね、ブロッティング装置(Bio-Rad社製)に20mAの電流をかけてブロッティングを行った。ブロッティング後、ニトロセルロースメンブレンを4%(w/v)スキムミルク(BD社製)を含む緩衝液であるTBS(株式会社ニッポンジーン製)に1時間浸漬してブロッキングを行った。ブロッキング後、ニトロセルロースメンブレンをTBSで2回洗浄した。洗浄後、ニトロセルロースメンブレンを、0.5%(w/v)の一次抗体(Anti FliC mouse antibody:BioLegend社製)を添加したTBSに1.5時間浸漬し、TBSで3回洗浄した。次いで、ニトロセルロースメンブレンを、0.5%(w/v)の二次抗体(goat anti mouse IgG conjugated with alkaline phosphatase:BioLegend社製)を添加したTBSに3時間浸漬した。次いで、ニトロセルロースメンブレンをTBSで3回洗浄し、1-Steptm NBT/BCIP plus Suppressorキット(PIERCE社製)を用いて遮光下で30分間発色させ、純水ですすいだ後、発色によりFliCとGL-BPとの融合タンパク質(GL-BP-FliC)の表層発現を確認した。ウエスタンブロッティングの結果を図3に示す。
上記実施例1で得たフリーズストックした形質転換ビフィズス菌を解凍し、スペクチノマイシン70μg/mlを含むGAM培地に植菌し、アネロパックケンキを用いて37℃で一晩培養した。培養した菌液を高速遠心分離機で遠心分離し、菌体を集めた。集めた菌体にPBSを加えて懸濁し、高速遠心分離機での遠心分離により菌体洗浄を2回行った。次いで、菌体を2.5×107CFU/100μlになるようPBSに懸濁し、マウス投与用の形質転換ビフィズス菌を得た。
8~12週齢のメスのBALB/cマウス(日本チャールス・リバー株式会社)に、上記実施例4で調製したマウス投与用の形質転換ビフィズス菌を、週に3回の頻度で4週間にわたって50μLずつ経口投与した(試験群)。比較コントロール(比較コントロール群)として空ベクター(pJW241ベクター)を導入したビフィズス菌、ならびにネガティブコントロール(ネガティブコントロール群)として50μlのPBSを、試験群と同様に投与した。各群のマウスはそれぞれ7匹、6匹、および5匹であった。
8~12週齢のメスのBALB/cマウスを開腹し、18G針付きシリンジで脾臓を穿刺して脾臓細胞を取り出し、シャーレに移した。セルストレーナーを用いて脾臓細胞を単一細胞に分離し、滅菌したPBSで2回洗浄した。脾臓細胞を0.1M塩化アンモニウム溶液に懸濁し、この細胞懸濁液を暗所下25℃にて15分間インキュベートした。次いで、遠心分離し、脾臓細胞を集めた。集めた脾臓細胞に、10%のウシ胎仔血清、100U/mlのペニシリン、100μMの2-メルカプトエタノールおよび2mMのL-グルタミンを含むRPMI1640培地(GIBCO社製)を加えて懸濁し、細胞数を数えた。
8~12週齢のメスのBALB/cマウスに、上記実施例4で調製したマウス投与用の形質転換ビフィズス菌を、一日おきに2週間にわたって2.5×107cfu/100μlずつ経口投与した(試験群)。比較コントロール(比較コントロール群)として空ベクター(pJW241ベクター)を導入したビフィズス菌、ならびにネガティブコントロール(ネガティブコントロール群)として100μlのPBSを、試験群と同様に投与した。各群のマウスはそれぞれ14匹であった。
上記実施例7でネズミチフス菌を経口投与してから11日後、各群の生存したマウス個体から脾臓を取り出し、脾臓内のネズミチフス菌をリアルタイムPCR分析により検出した。まず、脾臓からDNeasy Blood & Tissueキット(QIAGEN社製)を用いてDNAを分離精製し、サンプルDNA溶液を調製した。106~1010cfuのネズミチフス菌から同様にしてゲノムDNAを分離精製し、段階的に希釈して検量線作成用DNA溶液とした。次いで、PCR反応チューブに、プライマーST11:5'-gccaaccattgctaaattggcgca-3'(配列番号17)およびST15:5'-ggtagaaattcccagcgggtactgg-3'(配列番号18)(Soumet Cら,Lett. Appl. Microbiol.,1999年,28巻,pp.113-117)を各0.3μmol/l含むSYBR Green Master mix(Applied Biosystems社製)を12.5μl、およびサンプルDNA溶液または検量線作成用DNA溶液を1μl入れ、混合した。PCR反応はSYBR Green Master mixに添付のプロトコールに従った(50℃にて2分間保持の後、95℃にて10分間保持し、次いで95℃にて15秒間保持および60℃にて1分間保持からなるサイクルを50回繰り返した)。PCR反応は各サンプルDNA溶液について3回ずつ行った。
実施例1において、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)105-Aに代えて、ビフィドバクテリウム・アドレスセンティス(B. adolescentis)ATCC15703(実施例9)、ビフィドバクテリウム・アニマリス(B. animalis)ATCC25527(実施例10)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム(B. bifidum)ATCC11863(実施例11)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ブレベ(B. breve)ATCC15700(実施例12)、ビフィドバクテリウム・インファンティス(B. infantis)ATCC25962(実施例13)、またはビフィドバクテリウム・シュードカテヌラタム(B. pseudocatenulatum)ATCC27919(実施例14)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様に操作を行って、組換えプラスミドpJW245による形質転換ビフィズス菌を得、次いで実施例2と同様に操作を行って、これらの形質転換ビフィズス菌の細胞表面にGL-BP-FliCが存在することを確認した。
Claims (16)
- ビフィズス菌の表層に目的のタンパク質またはペプチドを発現するためのビフィズス菌表層発現遺伝子であって、ビフィズス菌由来のGNB/LNB基質結合膜タンパク質をコードする遺伝子と、該目的のタンパク質またはペプチドをコードする遺伝子とが、5’末端側からこの順で連結されている、ビフィズス菌表層発現遺伝子。
- 前記目的のタンパク質またはペプチドが、抗原タンパク質または抗原ペプチドである、請求項1に記載のビフィズス菌表層発現遺伝子。
- 前記抗原タンパク質またはペプチドがサルモネラ由来のフラジェリンである、請求項2に記載のビフィズス菌表層発現遺伝子。
- 前記抗原タンパク質またはペプチドがインフルエンザウイルスのM2タンパク質である、請求項2に記載のビフィズス菌表層発現遺伝子。
- 前記GNB/LNB基質結合膜タンパク質をコードする遺伝子と前記目的のタンパク質またはペプチドをコードする遺伝子との間に、アジュバンド機能を有するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を含む、請求項2から4のいずれかの項に記載のビフィズス菌表層発現遺伝子。
- 前記アジュバンド機能を有するタンパク質がフラジェリンである、請求項5に記載のビフィズス菌表層発現遺伝子。
- 請求項1から6のいずれかの項に記載のビフィズス菌表層発現遺伝子を発現可能な様式で含む、遺伝子発現用プラスミド。
- 請求項7に記載のプラスミドを保持し、目的のタンパク質またはペプチドを細胞表層に提示する、形質転換ビフィズス菌。
- ゲノム中に、請求項1から6のいずれかの項に記載のビフィズス菌表層発現遺伝子を発現可能な様式で含み、前記目的のタンパク質またはペプチドを細胞表層に提示する、形質転換ビフィズス菌。
- 前記目的のタンパク質またはペプチドがサルモネラ由来のフラジェリンである、請求項8または9に記載の形質転換ビフィズス菌。
- 請求項10に記載の形質転換ビフィズス菌を含む、経口用サルモネラ感染症ワクチン。
- 前記目的のタンパク質またはペプチドがインフルエンザウイルスのM2タンパク質である、請求項8または9に記載の形質転換ビフィズス菌。
- アジュバンド機能を有するタンパク質をさらに表層に提示する、請求項12に記載の形質転換ビフィズス菌。
- 前記アジュバンド機能を有するタンパク質がフラジェリンである、請求項13に記載の形質転換ビフィズス菌。
- 請求項12から14のいずれかの項に記載の形質転換ビフィズス菌を含む、経口用インフルエンザワクチン。
- 請求項8または9に記載の形質転換ビフィズス菌であって、前記目的のタンパク質またはペプチドが、抗原タンパク質または抗原ペプチドおよびアジュバンド機能を有するタンパク質である、形質転換ビフィズス菌。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DK10817294.1T DK2479270T3 (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Gen for expression of a fusion protein in a bifidobakterieoverflade |
CA2773999A CA2773999C (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Gene expressing a bifidobacterium surface-presented fusion protein |
US13/124,178 US8354113B2 (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Gene expressing a bifidobacterium surface-presented fusion protein |
JP2011531985A JP5561681B2 (ja) | 2009-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | ビフィズス菌表層提示融合タンパク質発現遺伝子 |
EP10817294.1A EP2479270B1 (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Gene expressing a bifidobacterium surface-presented fusion protein |
ES10817294.1T ES2569659T3 (es) | 2009-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Gen que expresa una proteína de fusión presentada en la superficie de bifidobacterium |
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JP2009-216256 | 2009-09-17 | ||
JP2009216256 | 2009-09-17 | ||
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US (1) | US8354113B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2479270B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5561681B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2773999C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2479270T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2569659T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011034181A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2014129412A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-08-28 | 国立大学法人神戸大学 | 免疫原性ポリペプチド表層発現ビフィズス菌 |
WO2016208332A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-25 | 2016-12-29 | 国立大学法人神戸大学 | 経口腫瘍ワクチン |
EP3560513A4 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2020-10-14 | National University Corporation Kobe University | ANTICANCER THERAPY USING A COMBINATION OF AN ORAL TUMOR VACCINE AND AN IMMUNOSUPPRESSION INHIBITOR |
WO2022163647A1 (ja) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-08-04 | 国立大学法人神戸大学 | 経口コロナウイルス感染症ワクチン |
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- 2010-09-17 JP JP2011531985A patent/JP5561681B2/ja active Active
- 2010-09-17 EP EP10817294.1A patent/EP2479270B1/en active Active
- 2010-09-17 WO PCT/JP2010/066242 patent/WO2011034181A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-09-17 DK DK10817294.1T patent/DK2479270T3/en active
- 2010-09-17 ES ES10817294.1T patent/ES2569659T3/es active Active
- 2010-09-17 US US13/124,178 patent/US8354113B2/en active Active
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014129412A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-08-28 | 国立大学法人神戸大学 | 免疫原性ポリペプチド表層発現ビフィズス菌 |
JPWO2014129412A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-19 | 2017-02-02 | 国立大学法人神戸大学 | 免疫原性ポリペプチド表層発現ビフィズス菌 |
WO2016208332A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-25 | 2016-12-29 | 国立大学法人神戸大学 | 経口腫瘍ワクチン |
JPWO2016208332A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-25 | 2018-06-28 | 国立大学法人神戸大学 | 経口腫瘍ワクチン |
CN108350411A (zh) * | 2015-06-25 | 2018-07-31 | 白川利朗 | 口服肿瘤疫苗 |
EP3315599A4 (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2019-03-06 | National University Corporation Kobe University | ORAL ANTITUMOR VACCINE |
CN108350411B (zh) * | 2015-06-25 | 2021-06-22 | 白川利朗 | 口服肿瘤疫苗 |
EP3560513A4 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2020-10-14 | National University Corporation Kobe University | ANTICANCER THERAPY USING A COMBINATION OF AN ORAL TUMOR VACCINE AND AN IMMUNOSUPPRESSION INHIBITOR |
WO2022163647A1 (ja) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-08-04 | 国立大学法人神戸大学 | 経口コロナウイルス感染症ワクチン |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2773999C (en) | 2019-01-29 |
EP2479270A4 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
EP2479270B1 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
JP5561681B2 (ja) | 2014-07-30 |
ES2569659T3 (es) | 2016-05-12 |
US8354113B2 (en) | 2013-01-15 |
EP2479270A1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
CA2773999A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
US20120177687A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
EP2479270A9 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
JPWO2011034181A1 (ja) | 2013-02-14 |
DK2479270T3 (en) | 2016-05-02 |
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