WO2011032641A1

WO2011032641A1 - Braking roller having a coil spring

Info

Publication number: WO2011032641A1
Application number: PCT/EP2010/005329
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gerhard Berger
Original assignee: Pfw Aerospace Ag
Priority date: 2009-09-16
Filing date: 2010-08-31
Publication date: 2011-03-24
Also published as: DE102009041670A1; DE102009041670B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a braking device for braking freight objects in the freight loading area of aircraft. The braking device comprises a braking roller (10), which is rotatably accommodated in a housing (12). A divided friction ring (26) is accommodated in a hollow shaft (16), the ring parts (14, 30) of the divided friction ring being connected to a coil spring (38) in a force-closed manner. One of the ring parts (28, 30) is acted on by a spring assembly (32) in order to transmit the braking torque.

Description

Brake roller with wrap spring

TECHNICAL FIELD The subject of the present invention relates to a brake roller, as used, for example, in cargo loading systems for aircraft, in particular aircraft. Brake rollers are a variant of carrying rollers, which are embedded in roller conveyors in the cargo compartment floor of a cargo loading system in the cargo deck of an aircraft. On these support or brake rollers pallets or containers whose geometry can be adapted to the geometry of the fuselage walls of the aircraft, transported for loading or unloading or for locking in their parking positions. In addition to support or brake rollers drive units (PDUs) are embedded in the roller conveyors of the freight loading system, which drive the underside of containers or pallets via friction rollers and carry them in the direction of the longitudinal direction of the roller conveyors in the cargo hold floor until they have reached their final parking position in the these cargo space objects are locked.

PRIOR ART US Pat. No. 6,354,424 B1 discloses a brake roller for use in a freight loading system which can be used in a freight loading system of a vehicle or an aircraft. The brake roller includes a freewheel which allows free rotation of the brake rollers in one direction and blocks in the opposite direction of rotation. The outer peripheral surface of the brake roller is provided with an elastomer.

From US 5,147,020 a similar solution emerges in which a support roller comprises a friction surface, and contains a brake shoe. The brake shoe is continuously held in a biased state against the friction surface and can either allow a free rotation of the brake roller or inhibit the rotational movement effectively. Furthermore, in addition to a complete inhibition of the rotation of the brake roller a hiring of the brake shoe is possible such that it exerts a continuous braking effect, since the brake shoe just so far to this is employed that one revolution is just possible, but with a braking torque.

From DE 10 2004 016 219 B3 a carrying roller and its use is known. The carrying roller is mounted in a mounting profile of a cargo compartment floor of an aircraft cargo space. The mounting profile includes side walls and in an interior of the mounting profile locking elements for securing containers, pallets or the like freight pieces are more mountable. On an axis guided through the side walls of the mounting profile axis two outer rollers are rotatably mounted outside the interior of the mounting profile.

US 5,121,018 relates to a brake roller with a permanent magnet. The magnetic brake pulley holds a rotatable shaft and a brake disc mounted on the shaft. A non-rotatable housing is disposed about the shaft and includes a permanent magnet and a bipolar coil. An armature next to the housing is movable so that it cooperates with the brake disc and prevents rotation of the shaft. A spring puts the armature away from the housing and into contact with the brake disc. The brake does not require any electrical energy to remain in the activated state, so that the rotation of the shaft is completely blocked or in its release position, in which the rotation of the shaft is released. The permanent magnet is designed in sufficient dimensions, so that the armature can be held against the contact force of the spring until the polarity of the solenoid is changed. The brake rollers known for example from US Pat. No. 6,354,424 Bl and US Pat. No. 5,147,020 have a constant torque for aircraft freight loading systems and comprise a freewheel with pinch rollers for the transmission of the braking force. Through this purely mechanical solution, the braking torque is defined by the design of the clamping roller freewheel. If freighters, passenger planes with cargo holds or trucks or the like are parked such that the cargo hold floor is inclined for any reason, a variable braking torque, which is to be applied by the brake rollers within the cargo loading system, is desired. Excessively high braking torque either completely obstructs the movement of the cargo, be it freight containers or pallets, so that only with increased drive effort for the PDUs (power drive units) can freight be transported in the freight loading area; too small a constant braking torque, however, is often a risk in fully loaded freight containers, cargo or fully packed pallets, as these are usually due to the Accelerate gravity and in the cargo loading system at worst in the fuselage wall of the aircraft can cause damage.

Presentation of the invention

The present invention has for its object to provide a support roller for a cargo loading system, in particular a brake roller for a cargo loading system whose braking torque is constant in the braking direction and in the opposite direction to the braking direction allows unimpeded rotation of the brake roller.

According to the invention this object is achieved in that the brake roller is arranged on a friction ring, which is sleeve-shaped and has two parts separated from each other. The separate friction ring parts are enclosed by a wrap spring and are able to move independently of one another in the direction of rotation.

In a particularly advantageous manner, one of the two ring parts is connected via a positive connection with an outer part of a hollow shaft. On this outer part of the hollow shaft is a rubberized coating, which is the outer circumferential surface of the invention proposed braking device, in particular the brake roller. About the wrap spring are on the one hand of the present in positive engagement with the outer part of the hollow shaft ring member and on the other hand separated from this another ring member non-positively in connection. Depending on the direction of rotation of the outer part of the brake device takes place in a first direction of rotation, a deceleration and in a rotational direction taking place in the opposite direction of the outer part, a lifting of the wrap, i. In this case, the invention proposed direction of rotation acts as a freewheel.

The hollow shaft, which is designed in several parts and has a stationary inner part arranged as well as the already mentioned outer part, which is connected via a positive connection with the rubberized coating comprises a cavity in which the wrap is located.

In one embodiment variant, the individual turns of the wrap spring can be distributed in a ratio of 50:50 on both sleeve-shaped outer surfaces of the ring parts which are separated from each other by a gap.

One of the two ring parts is connected in positive engagement with the outer part of the multi-part hollow shaft. The further ring part, which is connected by a gap of the first mentioned, in positive engagement with the outer part of the hollow shaft ring part is separated, is externally enclosed by the wrap spring or their individual turns and acted upon on its front side by a biasing element in the form of a disc spring package. Depending on the desired support of the braking torque by the housing, the disc spring package can consist of a number of disc springs which can be arranged in the same direction or in opposite directions to one another. Instead of disc springs or one or more disc spring packages also compression springs (coil springs) or other types of springs can be used.

Advantageously, the inner part of the multi-part hollow shaft is mounted with an anti-rotation in the housing of the invention proposed braking device arranged axis. The axis is also secured to an outer side of the housing by means of an anti-rotation, for example by flats, and a fuse body against rotation, wherein the fuse body in particular via one or more positive connection with a side wall of the brake device receiving housing may be connected to the rotationally fixed To ensure storage of the axis and the recorded on this inner part of the multi-part hollow shaft.

The two parts of the multi-part hollow shaft in turn, flanking the cavity for receiving the wrap spring, each provided with a rolling bearing, which may be formed both as ball bearings and roller bearings and modifications of this, as easy as possible rotation of the rubberized outer part of the To enable multi-part hollow shaft when it is moved in the direction of rotation in which the inventively proposed braking device acts as a freewheel.

Advantageously, the housing of the braking device proposed according to the invention is provided with a quick release with which it is very easy to attach by a safety bolt in the roller conveyor of a cargo compartment floor of a cargo loading system of a passenger or cargo aircraft and very easily placed in a different position in the roller conveyor can be, depending on requirements.

Brief description of the drawings With reference to the drawings, the invention will be described in more detail below:

It shows: FIG. 1 shows a section through the braking device proposed according to the invention, as well as sections III-III, IV-IV and VI-VI,

FIG. 2 is a perspective top view of the braking device shown in FIG. 1 and proposed according to the invention;

FIG. 3 shows a section through the securing body according to section line III-III in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 shows a section in the region of an annular part through the outer and inner parts of the hollow shaft parts according to section line IV-IV in FIG.

Figure 5 is a side view of the housing shown in Figure 2 in perspective of the invention proposed braking device and

FIG. 6 shows a section through the braking device proposed according to the invention in the region of a roller bearing according to the sectional profile VI-VI entered in FIG. variants

The illustration according to FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the braking device proposed according to the invention with registered sections III - III, IV - IV and VI - VI.

FIG. 1 shows a variant embodiment of the braking device proposed according to the invention, which comprises a brake roller 10. The brake roller 10 is rotatably mounted in a housing 12, on the outside of a ribbing 64 may be provided for stiffening the housing walls of the housing 12. In housing 12 of the inventively proposed brake device, an axle 14 is rotatably mounted. The axis 14 passes through the housing 12 and is secured to one side of the housing 12 with a securing body. The end of the axle 14 passing through the securing body is prestressed against the securing body (see illustration according to FIG.

From Figure 1 it is further apparent that a hollow shaft 16 is received on the axis 14, which has an outer part 16.1 and an inner part 16.2. The inner part 16.2 of the hollow shaft 16 is rotatably received on the axis 14, ie, as well as the axis 14 rotatably mounted. In the sectional course according to the illustration in FIG. 1, it can further be seen that the outer part 16.1 of the hollow shaft 16 is rotatably supported by roller bearings 18 and 22 on corresponding bearing seats on the circumference of the inner part 16 of the second hollow shaft 16. Although in the illustration according to Figure 1, the roller bearings 18 and 22 are shown as ball bearings, they can of course be designed as a roller bearing, a tapered bearing, tapered roller bearings, needle bearings and other sub-variants of rolling bearings. The mounting of the outer part 16.1 rotatable to the stationary inner part 16.2 of the hollow shaft 16 results in a particularly insensitive, robust and above all easily running storage possibility with low friction with respect to the brake roller 10 of the invention proposed braking device. The outer part 16.1 and the inner part 16.2 define a cavity 68, in which a first ring part 28 and a second ring part 30 of a split friction ring 26 are received. As can also be seen from the illustration according to FIG. 1, a wrap spring 38, which comprises a number of individual turns 40, is located within the cavity 68. The wrap spring 38 is generated with friction, in particular rope friction according to Euler-Eytelwein, in the variant embodiment of the brake device proposed according to the invention in terms of the number of individual turns 40 in equal parts, ie in a ratio of 50:50 on both ring parts 28, 30 of the split friction ring 26 arranged. From the illustration according to FIG. 1, furthermore, it can be seen that the two ring parts 28, 30 of the divided friction ring 26 are separated from one another by a gap. As can also be seen from the illustration according to FIG. 1, the first ring part 28 is not connected to the outer part 16. 1 of the hollow shaft 16, which is of split design. In contrast, the outer part 16.1 of the multi-part hollow shaft 16 via a positive connection 56 (see sectional view according to IV - IV in Figure IV) is positively connected to the second ring member 30 of the split friction ring 26 in combination. This means that the braking torque in the frictional connection in a first direction of rotation of the brake roller 10 is transmitted by increasing the frictional connection between the two ring parts 28, 30 of the split friction ring 26. The braking torque is based on the first ring member 28 whose front side 34 is biased by the spring assembly 32. Depending on the desired spring characteristic of the biasing force generated by the spring assembly 32, the braking torque which is built up in the first direction of rotation of the brake roller 10 by the wrap spring 38, supported in the housing 12 of the invention proposed braking device. FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, a spring assembly 32 which, in this exemplary embodiment, comprises several disk springs oriented in the same direction. Alternatively to that in FIG. 1 spring assembly 32 shown by way of example, the disc springs can also be oriented in opposite directions to one another. It is also possible, in each case to arrange a plurality of spring assemblies 32 of disc springs arranged in the same direction in opposite directions to each other. This depends on the available space. The brake torque that can be generated via the spring assembly 32 can be defined by the thickness of the individual disk springs or by their number. Instead of the disc springs shown in Figure 1, which are installed in the spring assembly 32, the spring force can also be built up by compression springs, coil springs, coil springs or the like. The slot which is located between the first ring member 28 and the second ring member 30 of the split friction ring 26 is identified in the sectional view of Figure 1 by reference numeral 36.

For the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned that a side wall of the housing 12, in which the brake roller 10 of the braking device proposed according to the invention is arranged, is identified by reference numeral 42.

On the underside of the housing 12 of the invention proposed braking device is a quick release 66, with the housing 12 can be installed with a few simple steps in the roller conveyor of a cargo compartment floor of a cargo loading system of a cargo aircraft or in the freight loading area of a passenger aircraft. Due to the quick release problem-free movement of the inventively proposed braking device within the roller conveyor is possible and very easy to carry out.

As the perspective view of Figure 2 shows, the brake roller 10, which comprises the rubberized roller body 44, rotatably mounted in the housing 12. The housing 12 includes a ribbing 34 to stiffen the side walls 42 of the housing 12 and increase its mechanical stability. Furthermore, located in the bottom region of the housing 12, the upper part of the quick release 66, the mushroom-shaped part is reproduced on the lower side of the housing bottom according to the longitudinal sectional view in Figure 1.

The securing body 48 is located laterally on the housing wall of the housing 12. The securing body 48 accommodates the flattened portions 54, with which the axle 18, which is not shown in FIG. 2, is mounted non-rotatably in the securing body. The end of the axle 14 (not shown in FIG. 2) (see illustration according to FIG. 1) is set against the outside of the securing body 48 by the lock nut 50, on which a collar piece 52 is formed. The fuse body 48 in turn is by Rivets 46 with the side wall of the housing 12 positively and non-positively attached, so that a rotationally secured securing the axle 14 in the housing 12 of the inventively proposed brake device is realized. FIG. 3 shows the securing body according to section III - III in FIG. 1.

From the representation according to FIG. 3 it can be seen that flattenings 54 are formed on the end of the axle 14 facing the securing body 48. This flattening 54 form with a correspondingly shaped opening in the fuse body 48, which is covered in the illustration of Figure 2 by the collar 52 of the locking nut 50, a rotation 60. In the lower part of the plate-shaped fuse body 48, the positive connections 46 are indicated with which the fuse body in turn is secured to the side of the housing 12, through which the secured with the lock nut 50 including collar 52 rotatably mounted end of the axis 14.

The illustration according to FIG. 4 shows a section through the first ring part according to section line IV - IV in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the rubberized roller body 44 is located on the outer side of the outer part 16.1 of the two-part hollow shaft 16. The section according to the illustration in FIG. 4 also shows that the outer part 16.1 on the second annular part 30 (see FIG. Representation according to Figure 1) by a positive connection 56 enabling flattening 58 is added. Flattening on the inside of the outer part 16.1 of the multi-part hollow shaft 16 and the corresponding flats formed on the outer circumference of the second ring member 30, form the positive connection 56. Thus, a rotationally fixed connection between the outer part 16.1 of the hollow shaft 16 and the second ring member 30 is created. From the illustration according to FIG. 4, it is also clear that the inner circumferential surface of the second ring part 30 rests on the outer casing of the inner part 16. 2 of the hollow shaft. The inner part 16.2 of the two-part hollow shaft 16 in turn is mounted on the outer circumference of the axis 14 and not rotatable.

Figure 5 shows a side view, on the wall of the housing of the invention proposed braking device on which the rotation is formed.

FIG. 5 shows that the outer side of the housing 12 of the braking device proposed according to the invention is stiffened with the ribbing 64. The housing 12 of the braking device proposed according to the invention is via the quick release 66th can be locked in a roller conveyor and easily converted from one position to another position with just a few simple steps. The securing body 48, which is shown cut in the illustration according to FIG. 3, is secured on one of the side walls of the housing 12 via the form-fitting connections 46, 62.

The illustration according to FIG. 6 shows a section through the device proposed according to the invention according to the section line VI-VI.

From the illustration according to FIG. 6, it can be seen that, according to this section, the axis 14 has the flattened portions 54, with which the axis is received against rotation relative to the inner part 16. 2. By the flats 54 on the outer circumference of the axis 14 according to the sectional line VI - VI, i. in the region of the roller bearing seat of the second bearing 22, the rotation of the inner part 16.2 of the two-part shaft of the hollow shaft 16 is ensured. For the sake of completeness it should be mentioned that on the outer part 16.1 of the two-part hollow shaft 16 of the rubberized roller body 44 is formed.

The braking device proposed according to the invention is preferably used as a braking roller in roller conveyors of cargo loading systems in the cargo compartment floor of cargo aircraft or in the freight loading area of passenger aircraft. The quick-release closure 66 allows rapid assembly and disassembly of the braking device proposed according to the invention in different operating positions.

In the first direction of rotation of the brake roller 10, an increase of the frictional connection via the increase in friction according to Euler-Eytelwein, ie an increase of the frictional connection between the first ring member 28 and the second ring member 30 is achieved, while the inventively proposed braking device in a second, the first Direction of rotation opposite direction of rotation acts as freewheel. In this regard, it should be regarded as a particular advantage that due to the rolling bearing of the outer part 16.1 on the stationary inner part 16.2 of the multi-part hollow shaft, a particularly smooth bearing of the rubberized roller body 44 can be achieved, which is particularly advantageous in the freewheeling function of the braking device since low drive power possible. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Brake roller 40 single turn

Housing 42 roller carrier

Axle 44 rubberized reel body

Hollow shaft 46 positive connection

Outer part 48 Fuse body

Inner part 50 Locknut

first rolling bearing 52 collar of the lock nut

Retaining ring 54 Flattening Spigot second rolling bearing 56 Positive locking connection

Circlip 58 Flattening on the inner part 16.2 Split friction ring of the hollow shaft 16

first ring part 60 against rotation

second ring part 62 rivet

Spring package 64 ribbing

Front side 66 Quick fastener

Slot 68 cavity

wrap

Claims

claims

1. Braking device for braking cargo in freight loading areas of aircraft with a brake roller (10) which is rotatably accommodated on a housing (12), characterized in that in a hollow shaft (16) a split friction ring (26) is received, the ring parts (28, 30) are non-positively connected by a wrap spring (38), wherein one of the ring parts (28) for transmitting a braking torque with a spring assembly (32) is acted upon.

2. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the brake roller (10) comprises a rubberized roller body (44).

3. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow shaft (16) is a split hollow shaft having an outer part (16.1) and an inner part (16.2) defining a cavity (68).

4. Braking device according to claim 3, characterized in that one of the ring parts (28, 30) in the positive connection (56) with the outer part (16.1) of the hollow shaft (16) is connected.

5. Braking device according to claim 3, characterized in that individual turns (40) of the wrap spring (38) covering surfaces of the ring parts (28, 30).

6. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that in a first direction of rotation, the wrap spring (38) produces the frictional connection between the ring parts (28, 30).

7. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation of the frictional connection between the ring parts (28, 30) is repealed.

8. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring assembly (32) comprises a number of the same or in opposite directions arranged disc springs or is represented by at least one compression spring.

9. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring assembly (32) an end face (34) of the first ring member (28) acted upon.

10. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis (14) for receiving the hollow shaft (16) with an anti-rotation device (60) rotatably mounted in the housing.

1 1. A braking device according to claim 10, characterized in that the rotation (60) flats (54) which engage in a complementary thereto listed opening of a fuse body (48).

12. Braking device according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the securing body (48) with a fastening, in particular a positive connection (46, 62) or a screw connection to the housing (12) is rotatably connected.

13. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (12) by means of a quick release (66) is mounted in a roller conveyor in the cargo compartment floor of an aircraft.

14. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer part (16.1) of the two-part hollow shaft by rolling bearings (18, 20) on the axis (14) received inner part (16.2) of the hollow shaft is mounted.

15. Use of the braking device according to one or more of the preceding claims in the cargo loading area of a passenger or cargo aircraft.