WO2011027890A1

WO2011027890A1 - Hydraulic cement composition for injection into soil, and method for improvement in soil using same

Info

Publication number: WO2011027890A1
Application number: PCT/JP2010/065278
Authority: WO
Inventors: 秀弘田中; 昭俊荒木; 一行水島; 英哉西野; 浩小野寺; 康年大野
Original assignee: 電気化学工業株式会社; 富士化学株式会社; 東亜建設工業株式会社
Priority date: 2009-09-07
Filing date: 2010-09-07
Publication date: 2011-03-10
Also published as: SG179010A1; HK1169435A1; MY161510A; CN102597165A; JPWO2011027890A1; JP5769197B2; KR20120109472A; KR101816936B1; CN102597165B

Abstract

Disclosed are: a hydraulic cement composition for injecting into soil, which can exhibit high sinking resistance when prepared into a suspension (a cement milk), of which an injecting component cannot be swept under running water, and which has excellent penetrability and durability; and a method for improving soil using the hydraulic cement composition. Specifically disclosed are: a hydraulic cement composition for injecting into soil, which is characterized by comprising 100 parts of a blast furnace slug micropowder having a Blaine specific surface area of 7000 to 16000 cm²/g and a median diameter of 1 to 7 μm, a classified cement that meets all of the requirements (1) to (3) mentioned below in an amount of 5 to 30 parts relative to 100 parts of the blast furnace slug micropowder, and a dispersant comprising a polyacrilic acid dispersant (which may additionally contain a melamine dispersant) in an amount of 0.1 to 3 parts relative to the total amount (100 parts) of the blast furnace slug micropowder and the classified cement: (1) the classified cement is characterized by containing calcium carbonate in an amount of 6 to 20 parts relative to 100 parts of the classified cement; (2) the classified cement is characterized by having a Blaine specific surface area of 7000 to 16000 cm²/g; and (3) the classified cement is characterized by having a median diameter of 1 to 7 μm; and a method for improving soil, comprising injecting a cement milk into soil, wherein the cement milk is prepared by adding water to the hydraulic cement composition for injecting and kneading the mixture.

Description

Hydraulic cement composition for ground injection and ground improvement method using the same

The present invention relates to a hydraulic cement composition for ground injection and a ground improvement method using the same.

As a kind of ground improvement method, there is a chemical injection method in which a curable chemical is injected into the ground through a rod in order to strengthen the soft ground, and many chemical injection materials are known. For example, water glass type injection materials, special silica type injection materials, polymer type injection materials, and suspension type injection materials such as cement, clay, and slag can be used. The chemical injection method using the above chemical injection material is characterized in that it can be improved without disturbing the ground as much as possible, and the equipment is compact, unlike the method of improving the ground while disturbing the ground with a high-pressure jet like the jet grout method. So there are many achievements. There are two types of chemical solution injection materials, a solution type and a suspension type. When high permeability is required, a solution type may be used. However, the solution-type chemical solution injection material has high permeability, but the strength of the obtained cured body itself is small, and the shrinkage of the cured body is also large, so that there is a case where long-term durability is problematic. On the other hand, suspension-type chemical injection material, which has hydraulic cement or slag as a component, can be expected to exhibit relatively high strength and has the advantage that long-term durability is easy to ensure, There was a problem that the permeability was low. In the case of the suspension type, since it is a chemical solution having particles, the particles immediately settled when left standing, and troubles such as blockage in the injection hose may occur during the construction.

As a suspension type chemical solution injection material, an injection material composition containing a polycarboxylic acid-based dispersant as an essential component in a finely divided cement clinker and blast furnace slag is known. (For example, see Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3). These techniques provide an injectable material composition having improved permeability by using a specific polycarboxylic acid-based dispersant, but there is a description about the content of calcium carbonate or calcium carbonate in cement. In addition, there is no description about the anti-settling performance when the pouring composition is allowed to stand, and there is no example regarding durability.

On the other hand, as an injection material having a gelation time, an injection material containing water glass, a solidifying agent, and fine powder blast furnace slag of 8000 cm ² / g or more is known (for example, Patent Document 4, 5 and 6).

Patent document 4 shows that a hardened body with high gel strength can be obtained at a level of several tens of seconds to several minutes by using fine powder slag in combination, but it is only an evaluation of compressive strength, and the blending amount of water glass is also Many are mainly water glass. In addition, there is no description of particle sedimentation prevention performance and permeability.

Patent Document 5 discloses water glass having a molar ratio in the range of 2.8 to 4.0, fine particle slag having an average particle diameter of 10 μm or less and a specific surface area of 5000 cm ² / g or more, preferably 8000 cm ² / g or more. This is a technique related to an injection material further containing cement as required. In this document, the amount of water glass used is large, and there is a description regarding compressive strength and permeability, but there is no description regarding the particle sedimentation preventing performance.

Patent Document 6 is composed of a suspension type grout containing a mixture of fine particle slag and fine particle cement, each of which has an average particle size of 10 μm or less and a specific surface area of 5000 cm ² / g or more, respectively. Is a technique characterized in that the suspension grout further contains water glass and / or an alkali material. In this document as well, as in document 5, the amount of water glass used is large and there is a description regarding permeability, but only the compression strength is evaluated as the evaluation of the cured product.

Furthermore, Patent Document 7 contains water, finely divided granulated slag, an alkali stimulant, a dispersant, a high molecular substance that dissolves or disperses in water to give viscosity, and, if necessary, a caking property improver. The technique regarding the suspension type ground improvement material characterized by this is shown. In this document, there is a description about permeability and anti-settling performance, but there is no disclosure about the characteristics of the cured body, and the reinforcement performance when injected into the ground and consolidated is not known.

JP 2007-238428 A JP 2007-389925 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-175989 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-167848 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-229137 JP 07-286173 A JP 2005-344078 A

The present invention is a ground-injecting water that has high sedimentation resistance even when the suspension solution (cement milk) that has been mixed is allowed to stand, and that the infusate component does not easily flow even under running water, and has excellent permeability and durability. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hard cement composition and a ground improvement method using the same.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the means of the present invention 1 to 7 described below.
The present invention 1 has the following conditions (1) to (3) for 100 parts of blast furnace slag fine powder and 100 parts of blast furnace slag fine powder having a Blaine specific surface area of 7000 to 16000 cm ² / g and a median diameter of 1 to 7 μm. 5 to 30 parts of classification cement satisfying all of the above, and further containing a dispersant containing 0.1 to 3 parts of a polyacrylic acid-based dispersant with respect to 100 parts in total of the blast furnace slag fine powder and the classification cement This is a hydraulic cement composition for ground injection.
(1) Classification cement characterized by containing 6 to 20 parts of calcium carbonate in 100 parts of classification cement (2) Classification cement characterized by having a Blaine specific surface area of 7000 to 16000 cm ² / g (3) Median Classifying cement characterized by having a diameter of 1 to 7 μm. The present invention 2 is the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to the present invention 1, wherein the dispersant further contains a melamine-based dispersant. .
The present invention 3 is the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to the present invention 1 or 2, wherein the polyacrylic acid dispersant is a copolymer containing a monomer represented by the following general formula (I): .
_{^{CH 2 = C (R 1)}} COO (R 2 O) nR 3 (I)
Wherein R ¹ is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R ² O is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer of 5 to 40, and R ³ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Show.)
The present invention 4 is a cement milk characterized in that water is added to the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to any one of the present inventions 1 to 3 and kneaded.
The present invention 5 is the cement milk according to the present invention 4, wherein the bleeding rate of the cement milk prepared by adding water to the hydraulic cement composition and kneaded after standing for 60 minutes is 2% or less.
The present invention 6 is a ground improvement method for injecting the cement milk of the present invention 4 or 5 into the ground.
This invention 7 is the ground improvement construction method of this invention 6 used for the ground improvement aiming at liquefaction countermeasures.
In the present specification, “parts” and “%” mean “parts by mass” and “mass%” unless otherwise specified.

The hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to the present invention is excellent in permeability and can exert effects such as ground improvement.

The blast furnace slag fine powder used in the present invention has a Blaine specific surface area of 7000 to 16000 cm ² / g and a median diameter of 1 to 7 μm, and is produced by pulverizing steel slag generated when producing pig iron. It is used as a general blast furnace cement and concrete admixture. The specific surface area of the brane is a value measured with a brane air permeation apparatus of JIS R 5201, and is 7000 to 16000 cm ² / g.
If the blast furnace slag fine powder is less than 7000 cm ² / g, the bleeding rate increases, and sufficient permeability may not be obtained. If it exceeds 16000 cm ² / g, the production cost is too high to be practical. .
The median diameter of the blast furnace slag fine powder is preferably 1 to 7 μm. For example, the median diameter can be measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring machine. If the manufacturing cost is less than 1 μm, the production cost is too high and it is not practical, and if it exceeds 7 μm, the bleeding rate increases and the permeability may be impaired.

The classified cement used in the present invention is a cement whose particle size is adjusted using a classification facility. In 100 parts of classified cement, 6 to 20 parts of calcium carbonate are contained, preferably 10 to 15 parts.
According to the present invention, by including 6 to 20 parts of calcium carbonate in 100 parts of classified cement, it is difficult to achieve compatibility such as anti-settling performance and durability. If it is less than 6 parts, sufficient anti-settling performance cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 20 parts, the viscosity increases and the strength decreases.
Since the calcium carbonate contained in the classification cement exists as fine particles by classification, the reactivity is good. Calcium carbonate is usually used as a part of sand when producing cement filler and concrete. The fineness of commonly used calcium carbonate (fine limestone powder) is 4000 to 6000 cm ² / g, so that it has a finer reaction activity and can be expected to increase strength. Moreover, it reacts with calcium aluminate (3CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ ) contained in the cement to produce monocarbonate or hemicarbonate. Similarly, gypsum reacts with calcium aluminate (3CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ ) contained in the cement to produce ettringite, but when a certain amount of calcium carbonate is present, the reaction of monocarbonate and hemicarbonate is excellent, so the produced ettringite It is considered that the reaction of converting to monosulfate is suppressed, and the durability is easily secured.

As the classified cement, any of Portland cements such as ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, low heat Portland cement, moderately heated Portland cement, sulfate resistant cement, and the like can be used. It can be used under the condition of 2). The same applies to mixed cements such as fly ash cement and silica cement, and the same applies to refractory cements such as alumina cement.
The fineness of the classified cement is 7000 to 16000 cm ² / g, preferably 9000 to 16000 cm ² / g, like the blast furnace slag fine powder. If it is less than 7000 cm ² / g, the bleeding rate increases, and sufficient permeability may not be obtained. If it exceeds 16000 cm ² / g, the production cost is excessive and it is not practical.
The median diameter of the classified cement is preferably 1 to 7 μm. For example, the median diameter can be measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring machine. If the manufacturing cost is less than 1 μm, the production cost is too high and it is not practical, and if it exceeds 7 μm, the bleeding rate increases and the permeability may be impaired.

The proportion of classified cement is 5 to 30 parts, preferably 10 to 25 parts, per 100 parts of blast furnace slag fine powder. If the amount is less than 5 parts by weight, sufficient strength development may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 30 parts by weight, the permeability may be impaired.

The dispersant of the present invention contains a polyacrylic acid type dispersant.
The polyacrylic acid-based dispersant of the present invention exhibits the effect of suppressing the sedimentation of particles when used as a suspension solution and the effect of imparting permeability. It is a copolymer containing the monomer of the following general formula (I).
_{^{CH 2 = C (R 1)}} COO (R 2 O) nR 3 (I)
In the formula (I), R ¹ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R ² O represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as —CH ₂ CH ₂ O—, —CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ O—, —CH ₂ CH (CH ₃ ) O—, —CH ₂ CH (CH ₂ CH ₃ ) O—, —CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ O— and the like can be mentioned. n represents the number of added moles of the oxyalkylene group, and is an integer of 5 to 40, preferably 7 to 35, more preferably 9 to 30. If the added mole number (n) is too small, the dispersion force becomes insufficient. On the other hand, if it is too large, it becomes a solid with a high melting point, making handling difficult.
R ³ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and a butyl group.
Examples of the monomer include polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polybutylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate having 5 to 40 moles of added alkylene oxide. ) Acrylate, methoxy polypropylene glycol (meth) acrylate, methoxy polybutylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxy polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxy polypropylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxy polybutylene glycol (meth) acrylate, propoxy polyethylene glycol (meth) ) Acrylate, etc., and one of these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As long as the monomer represented by the general formula (I) is contained, a copolymer combined with a monomer component having another chemical structure may be used.
Among these, a copolymer containing methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate or methoxypolypropylene glycol (meth) acrylate is preferable in terms of anti-settling performance and permeation performance.

The dispersant of the present invention may contain a melamine dispersant in addition to the polyacrylic acid dispersant.
The melamine dispersant of the present invention is a dispersant obtained by, for example, a method in which melamine is sulfonated with sulfite and formaldehyde and then further condensed with formaldehyde. Alkali metal salts such as sodium and potassium of melamine sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, and alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium can also be used.
The melamine dispersant of the present invention is used in combination with a polyacrylic acid dispersant. When used in combination, the proportion of the melamine dispersant is preferably 10 to 1000 parts, more preferably 30 to 600 parts, relative to 100 parts of the polycarboxylic acid dispersant. If the amount is less than 10 parts, the effect of synergistically improving the particle settling prevention performance may not be obtained. If the amount exceeds 1000 parts, the settling prevention performance may be inhibited.
It has been found that when used in combination with a melamine-based dispersant, the effect of reducing the bleeding rate immediately after kneading is greater than when a polyacrylic acid-based dispersant is used alone. Therefore, since the dispersion performance of the particles is improved over a long period of time, the permeability to the simulated ground is also improved, and the particles that are uniformly hydraulic are dispersed in the ground, thereby obtaining a stronger and more uniform improved body. be able to.

The amount of the dispersing agent used is 0.1 to 3 parts, preferably 0.3 to 2 parts, with respect to 100 parts in total of the blast furnace slag fine powder and the classified cement. If it is less than 0.1 part, sufficient anti-settling performance and permeability cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 3 parts, the effect reaches its peak.

It should be noted that a known cement admixture (material) can be used in combination with the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection of the present invention as long as the original performance is not adversely affected. For example, AE agent, AE water reducing agent, high performance water reducing agent, high performance AE water reducing agent, fluidizing agent, setting retarding agent, early strengthening agent, antifoaming agent, thickener, waterproofing agent (material), swelling agent (material) , Rapid hardening materials, shrinkage reducing agents (materials), rust preventives, cement emulsion polymer emulsions, clay minerals, and the like.

The hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to the present invention is applied in the form of milk by adding water. The greater the amount of water added, the better the permeability, but the material separation is encouraged and there is a risk of clogging in the pumping hose. If it is less, the viscosity of the cement milk becomes too high and impairs the permeability. The optimum range of water to be used is preferably 400 to 1500 parts, more preferably 700 to 1200 parts, with respect to 100 parts in total of blast furnace slag fine powder, classified cement, and dispersant. When the amount of water used is within the above range, the bleeding rate after 60 minutes of cement milk can be reduced to 2% or less by the method of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE F-522). When the bleeding rate exceeds 2%, the pumping of the injected material is stopped for 60 minutes or more, and may be blocked when restarted.
The time for adding water and kneading to the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection of the present invention is not particularly limited, but a predetermined amount of water is added to a grout mixer and the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection of the present invention is charged. Then knead for 1-3 minutes.

The injection location is not particularly limited as long as the soft ground is improved. For example, there are structures such as harbors, revetments, airports, and other structures such as bad urban areas and mountainous areas. It can be applied to the ground, and can be used for purposes such as water-stopping and water-blocking grout, heaving prevention grout, subsidence prevention grout, blow prevention grout, earth pressure reduction grout, increased bearing capacity grout, and suction prevention grout. Since it has good permeability, it can be applied to sandy ground including gravel, and effectively functions as a liquefaction prevention measure.

The construction method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and construction equipment used for normal chemical solution injection can be used, and it is only necessary to comply with the injection design and the construction method that are normally performed. For example, a method of pumping cement milk adjusted by a mixer through a hose with a pump and injecting an injection material through a rod arranged in the ground can be mentioned. The rod used in this case is not particularly limited, and a single tube rod, a single tube strainer rod, a double tube rod, a double tube double packer rod, and the like can be used.
The hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to the present invention is basically injected in one shot. Depending on the condition and purpose of the ground, a commercially available setting accelerator and other various admixtures are separately pumped. It is also possible to construct by 1.5 shot or 2 shot method.

The classified cement is changed as shown in Table 1 with respect to 100 parts of the blast furnace slag fine powder, and 1.0 part of the dispersant shown in Table 1 is added to 100 parts of the total blast furnace slag fine powder and the classified cement. A cement composition was prepared. Water was added to 850 parts with respect to 100 parts of the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection, and the mixture was kneaded with a grout mixer for 2 minutes. The viscosity, bleeding rate, permeability, and compressive strength of the obtained cement milk were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

<Materials used>
Blast furnace slag fine powder a: Commercially available blast furnace slag fine powder, Blaine specific surface area 10500 cm ² / g, median diameter 3.6 μm
Classification cement e: Classification cement obtained by mixing ordinary Portland cement and calcium carbonate, and classified, brane specific surface area 9700 cm ² / g, median diameter 4.1 μm, calcium carbonate content 11.3%
Dispersant A: Commercially available polyacrylic acid type dispersant (methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate type), in the general formula (I), R ¹ is a methyl group, R ² O is a C ² oxyethylene group, and R ³ is a methyl group .
Dispersant B: Dispersant in which 300 parts of melamine dispersant manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. is blended with 100 parts of dispersant A

<Measurement method>
Viscosity: measured using a B-type rotational viscometer Viscosity was measured immediately after kneading, after 3 hours and after 6 hours. The temperature during measurement is 25 ° C.
Bleeding rate: Compliant with JSCE-F522-1999 prepacked concrete poured mortar bleeding rate and expansion rate test method (polyethylene bag method). The measurement was performed 0.5 hour later, 1 hour later, and 2 hours later. Measurement temperature is 25 ° C
Permeability: Conforms to the method for preparing specimens of stabilized soil by chemical solution injection shown in JGS0831-2000. The state of penetration was observed when cement milk was injected at an injection pressure of 0.05 MPa into a simulated ground that was filled with Toyoura sand and water-tightened into an acrylic pipe having a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 1000 mm.
Compressive strength: The acrylic pipe subjected to the permeability test was cut to a height of 100 mm, the cured sand gel was taken out from the acrylic pipe, and the compressive strength was measured. Measurement material age is 28 days.

From Table 1, it is possible to produce an injection cement milk having a low bleeding rate by blending a specific amount of classified cement into the blast furnace slag fine powder of the present invention and using a polyacrylic acid dispersant in combination with excellent penetration. It can be seen that the compressive strength of the sand gel after permeation is well expressed. In particular, it can be seen that by using Dispersant B containing a polyacrylic acid-based dispersant and a melamine-based dispersant, the bleeding rate is further reduced and the strength development is also improved.

15 parts of classified cement with different Blain specific surface area for 100 parts of ground granulated blast furnace slag and 1.0 part of dispersant A for 100 parts of blast furnace slag fine powder and classified cement are injected into the ground. A hydraulic cement composition was prepared. Water was added to 850 parts with respect to 100 parts of the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection, and the mixture was kneaded with a grout mixer for 2 minutes. The viscosity, bleeding rate, permeability, and compressive strength of the obtained cement milk were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

<Materials used>
Blast furnace slag fine powder b: Blaine specific surface area 6100 cm ² / g, median diameter 7.4 μm
Blast furnace slag fine powder c: Blaine specific surface area 8200 cm ² / g, median diameter: 4.8 μm
Blast furnace slag fine powder d: Blaine specific surface area 15500 cm ² / g, median diameter: 1.6 μm
Classification cement f: Classification cement classified after mixing ordinary Portland cement and calcium carbonate, Blaine specific surface area 6050 cm ² / g, median diameter 8.6 μm, calcium carbonate content 9.9%
Classification cement g: Classification cement obtained by mixing ordinary Portland cement and calcium carbonate, classified cement, Blaine specific surface area 8300 cm ² / g, median diameter 6.1 μm, calcium carbonate content 9.5%
Classification cement h: Classification cement classified after mixing ordinary Portland cement and calcium carbonate, Blaine specific surface area 15800 cm ² / g, median diameter 2.5 μm, calcium carbonate content 13.2%

From Table 2, a small bleeding rate, good permeability, and excellent compressive strength are exhibited by using blast furnace slag fine powder having a specific surface area of 7000 cm ² / g and a median diameter of 7 μm or less and classified cement. I understand that. If either or both of the blast furnace slag fine powder and the classified cement have a Blaine specific surface area of less than 7000 cm ² / g or a median diameter of more than 7 μm, the bleeding rate increases, the permeability deteriorates, and the compressive strength Also decreases.

As shown in Table 3, classified cements with different calcium carbonate contents are added to 100 parts of blast furnace slag fine powder a, and 1.0 part of dispersant A is added to 100 parts of the total blast furnace slag fine powder and classified cement. A hydraulic cement composition for ground injection was prepared. Water was added to 850 parts with respect to 100 parts of the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection, and the mixture was kneaded with a grout mixer for 2 minutes. For comparison, ordinary Portland cement containing no calcium carbonate was classified, and then a predetermined amount of calcium carbonate having a Blaine specific surface area of 5500 cm ² / g was added and similarly evaluated. The viscosity, bleeding rate, permeability, and compressive strength of the obtained cement milk were measured. The results are shown in Table 3.

<Materials used>
Calcium carbonate: Joetsu Mining Co., Ltd., Blaine specific surface area 5500 cm ² / g Commercial product

Table 3 shows that when calcium carbonate is 6 to 20 parts (within the scope of the present invention) of 100 parts of classified cement, the bleeding rate is small and the strength development is large. On the other hand, when the calcium carbonate is less than 6 parts in 100 parts of the classified cement, or when the calcium carbonate content is added to the classified cement without being classified even within the scope of the present invention, the bleeding rate is large and the strength is high. The tendency for the expression to decrease is also recognized, indicating that the reaction activity is small. Therefore, it is considered that long-term durability is improved because a hardened body is formed by containing a specific amount of calcium carbonate having fine particles.

As shown in Table 4, a hydraulic cement composition for ground injection was prepared by adding 15 parts of classified cement e to 100 parts of blast furnace slag fine powder a, and adding a dispersant as shown in Table 4 to a total of 100 parts of blast furnace slag fine powder and classified cement. . Water was added to 850 parts with respect to 100 parts of the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection, and the mixture was kneaded with a grout mixer for 2 minutes. The viscosity, bleeding rate, permeability, and compressive strength of the obtained cement milk were measured. The results are shown in Table 4.

<Materials used>
Dispersant C: Dispersant A in which 10 parts of a melamine dispersant manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. was blended with 100 parts of Dispersant A. Dispersant D: 30 parts of a melamine dispersant manufactured by Nihon Seeka Co., Ltd. was blended in 100 parts of Dispersant A. Dispersant Dispersant E: Dispersant Dispersant F in which 100 parts of Melamine Dispersant manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. is added to 100 parts of Dispersant A Dispersant F: 600 parts of Melamine Dispersant manufactured by Nihon Seeka Co., Ltd. per 100 parts of Dispersant A Dispersant Dispersant G: Dispersant Dispersant H: Naphthalenesulfonate Dispersant, Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. Cellflow 110P
Dispersant I: Lignin sulfonate-based dispersant Vanillex N manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Dispersant J: Melamine-based dispersant Seekament FF manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd.

<Measurement method>
Dispersion of compressive strength: The sand gel cured by penetrating the 1000 m acrylic pipe was cut to a length of 100 mm to produce 10 compressive strength test specimens, and the coefficient of variation when each compressive strength was measured was Asked.

From Table 4, it can be seen that the bleeding rate can be reduced and good permeability can be ensured by using a polyacrylic acid-based dispersant. In particular, the combined use with a melamine dispersant is preferable, and the difference in compressive strength due to the difference in permeation distance is reduced, so that it is considered possible to obtain a more uniform improved solidified body. When a dispersant (a naphthalene sulfonate dispersant, a lignin sulfonate dispersant, or a melamine dispersant) other than the polyacrylic dispersant is used alone, good permeability cannot be secured.

As shown in Table 5, a hydraulic cement composition for ground injection was prepared, and water shown in the table was further added to 100 parts of the composition to prepare cement milk. An osmotic flow test was conducted using the cement milk, and a cement milk spill test was performed assuming a simulated ground with water flow. The evaluation items were the presence or absence of cement milk spill, and the cured body was taken out from the simulated ground after 7 days. The test results are shown in Table 6.

<Test method>
Osmotic flow test: Performed according to the soil permeability test method shown in JGS0311-2000. As test conditions, a transparent acrylic container of φ10 × 23 cm was filled with No. 5 silica sand so as to have a porosity of 40.5% to prepare a simulated ground. In addition, a filter was set on the bottom of the acrylic container that produced the simulated ground so that water and cement milk would flow out. A pipe was set so that cement milk was injected near the center of the prepared simulated ground, and the prepared simulated ground container was immersed in a container filled with water. The simulated ground container soaked was adjusted so that the water level difference between the upper end of the simulated ground container and the container filled with water was 0.7 cm, and the water was always replaced by supplying water. 120 cc of cement milk was injected and the outflow situation of cement milk from the simulated ground was observed. In addition, the state of the cement milk cured body staying in the simulated ground is that the simulated ground container is disassembled after 7 days of age and the cured body is taken out from the inside. confirmed. The bleeding rate of the injected material before injection was also measured.

From Table 6, it can be seen that by using the cement composition for ground injection according to the present invention, even if it is injected into the ground under running water, it remains in the ground without flowing out and forms a hardened body almost as theoretically. Further, since the cured body is cured in the ground in a substantially spherical state, uniform infiltration is also performed. It can also be seen that if the amount of water used is in the range of 400 to 1500 parts with respect to 100 parts of the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection, the change in bleeding rate is small.

In the liquefaction countermeasure construction of the breakwater foundation ground, the implementation work using the cement composition for ground injection of the present invention was performed. For the construction method, the cement milk of Experiment Nos. 5-9, 5-11 and 5-16 was adjusted with a grout mixer and injected into the ground. Each cement milk was kneaded for 2 minutes, once transferred to a storage tank, and pumped and injected by a grout pump through a hose and an injection tube (single tube rod). The pressure control during the injection was maximized at 0.5 MPa, the injection rate was 40%, and the injection amount was 1 m ³ . All of the injected cement milk could be injected below the control of the injection pressure. One month later, when the ground was dug up to confirm the state of hardening of the injected cement milk, it was possible to observe the state where the injected cement milk penetrated the ground and hardened. Each of the cured bodies had a nearly spherical shape with a diameter of 45 to 65 cm. Measurement of the compressive strength were cut out samples from the cured product, injected material cured product corresponding to the experiments No.5-9 is 3.5 N / mm ^2, the experiment No.5-11 is 1.4 N / mm @ 2, Experiment No.5 -16 was 0.4 N / mm ² , confirming that there was a sufficient improvement effect.

Using the equipment used in the liquefaction countermeasure construction of the breakwater foundation ground shown in Example 6, the cement composition for ground injection of the present invention is mixed and pumped inside the hose, and the pumping is interrupted for 60 minutes in the hose. The injection material was retained. Then, the starting state when starting operation again was confirmed. The composition confirmed was the injection cement milk of Experiment Nos. 5-9, 5-11, 5-13, 5-14, 5-18 (mixed water amount is different). 1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4 and 5-6 were carried out in the same manner. As a result, the injection materials of Experiment Nos. 5-9, 5-11, 5-13, 5-14, and 5-18 have almost no settling of particles in the hose, and no pressure is applied at the start. We were able to resume pumping. On the other hand, in the injection materials of Experiment Nos. 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, and 5-6, which are comparative examples, sedimentation of particles in the hose was confirmed. In particular, in Experiment Nos. 5-4 and 5-5, about half of the cross section of the hose was covered with settled particles and could not be restarted. Experiments No. 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3 were able to start, but the pressure at the start was large, and after a few minutes after the start, massive particles that did not disperse flowed in the hose, resulting in blockage of the hose. .

The hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to the present invention has small material separation, excellent permeability, and can be quickly improved in workability and extensive improvement. In addition, the hardened body formed with characteristic classified cement, fine powder slag, and dispersant exhibits sufficient strength development and excellent long-term durability, so various soft ground such as liquefaction countermeasures for sandy ground It can be applied to reinforcement work.

Claims

A classified cement that satisfies all the following conditions (1) to (3) for 100 parts of blast furnace slag fine powder and 100 parts of blast furnace slag fine powder having a Blaine specific surface area of 7000 to 16000 cm 2 / g and a median diameter of 1 to 7 μm. 5 to 30 parts, and further containing a dispersant containing 0.1 to 3 parts of a polyacrylic acid-based dispersant with respect to a total of 100 parts of the blast furnace slag fine powder and the classified cement. Hydraulic cement composition for ground injection.
(1) Classification cement characterized by containing 6 to 20 parts of calcium carbonate in 100 parts of classification cement (2) Classification cement characterized by a Blaine specific surface area of 7000 to 16000 cm 2 / g (3) Median Classifying cement having a diameter of 1 to 7 μm
Furthermore, the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant contains a melamine dispersant.
The hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to claim 1, wherein the polyacrylic acid-based dispersant is a copolymer containing a monomer represented by the following general formula (I).
CH 2 = C (R 1) COO (R 2 O) nR 3 (I)
Wherein R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R 2 O is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer of 5 to 40, and R 3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Show.)
Cement milk, wherein water is added to the hydraulic cement composition for ground injection according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and kneaded.
The cement milk according to claim 4, wherein the bleeding rate after 60 minutes of standing of the cement milk obtained by adding water to the ground cement hydraulic cement composition and kneading is 2% or less.
A ground improvement method for injecting the cement milk according to claim 4 into the ground.
7. The ground improvement method according to claim 6, which is used for ground improvement for the purpose of liquefaction countermeasures.