WO2011023328A1 - Procédé de production de couches de polyuréthane à absorption acoustique - Google Patents

Procédé de production de couches de polyuréthane à absorption acoustique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011023328A1
WO2011023328A1 PCT/EP2010/005082 EP2010005082W WO2011023328A1 WO 2011023328 A1 WO2011023328 A1 WO 2011023328A1 EP 2010005082 W EP2010005082 W EP 2010005082W WO 2011023328 A1 WO2011023328 A1 WO 2011023328A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solid
filler
solid particles
polyurethane
optionally
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/005082
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stephan Schleiermacher
Thomas Gross
Frithjof Hannig
Roger Scholz
Hans-Guido Wirtz
Heike Niederelz
Original Assignee
Bayer Materialscience Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer Materialscience Ag filed Critical Bayer Materialscience Ag
Publication of WO2011023328A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011023328A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C41/08—Coating a former, core or other substrate by spraying or fluidisation, e.g. spraying powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C41/36—Feeding the material on to the mould, core or other substrate
    • B29C41/365—Construction of spray-up equipment, e.g. spray-up guns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/16—Fillers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of sound-absorbing polyurethane heavy layers (fillers containing polyurethane layers).
  • two-layer skins consisting of a polyurethane (PUR) flexible foam in the so-called spring layer and a filled polyurethane elastomer in the so-called mass layer are used in the area of sound absorption.
  • PUR polyurethane
  • Two-layer system is formed by the spring layer and one through the ground layer.
  • RJM Reaction Injection Molding
  • the spring layer can also be applied by spraying.
  • Formation of the spray is instead of two mold halves only one mold half is required, which may have different three-dimensional geometries except on inaccessible with a spray head undercuts.
  • the polyurethane system can be set so that it sets so fast on the tool surface that it no longer has to be prevented by a second mold half from flowing away from a spray point. This reduces investment in mold costs. This becomes particularly clear when two-layer skins for different drives with different noise emissions are to be produced successively in a line. With the same outer dimension of the two-layer structure, only the locally applied amounts would be changed in the spraying process in order to produce the mass layers with different weights. Additional tooling costs would not occur. This would be different in the classic RIM process.
  • DE-A 101 61 600 describes a method in which a mass layer is sprayed onto a three-dimensionally shaped surface.
  • polyol and isocyanate are first mixed and then sprayed.
  • a filler of high density with particle sizes preferably below 100 .mu.m of radially arranged around the spray jet nozzles is metered into the free jet of the mixture, so that the filler content can be changed depending on location during the spraying process.
  • the disadvantage of this method is that the wetting of the fillers is incomplete when the filler is metered in large quantities in the spray outside the mixing head.
  • filler proportion preferably only between 40 to 50 wt .-% filler proportion is metered in and achieves a maximum of only 60 wt .-% with the aforementioned method.
  • a degree of filling of 60% by weight corresponds to a volume fraction of 27% by volume.
  • DE-A 10 2004 039 438 describes that filler contents of up to 50% by volume can be realized.
  • the application method proposed is the metering of filler particles into the spray jet by the process described in DE-A 10 2004 039 438.
  • fillers (A) are used with high density> 2000 kg / m 3 , which preferably do not contain particles with a diameter of less than 100 microns and greater than 2 mm; from fillers (A) containing said particles, these particles are removed, for example by sieving; b) optionally drying agent (B) are either added to the polyol or desiccant (B) are metered into the mixing chamber; c) optionally defoamers (C) are added to the polyol, are added via a seed block in a remplissigkomponentenzutechnisch to the mixing head or added only in the mixing chamber; d) and fillers (A) and optionally desiccant (B) by means of one or more
  • Gas flows are metered into the mixing chamber of the spray head and the filler content in the filler stream can be changed during the spraying process.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a polyurethane-containing layer containing solids from one or more layers, which is characterized in that a) a gas stream containing solid particles or a plurality of solid particles containing
  • Gas streams in a liquid jet of a polyurethane reactive mixture in a mixing chamber brings, wherein the solid particles have a diameter of 100 microns to 2 mm, b) the solid particles containing spray from a) in an open mold or on a Spraying substrate in one or more layers, c) optionally removing the spray layer from the mold or from the substrate.
  • a mixing chamber eg, a Spr ⁇ h mixing nozzle of the chamber
  • the solid (s) containing gas stream (s) is / are not introduced into the already dispersed spray jet of the PUR reaction mixture but within the mixing chamber of the mixing head into the still liquid non-dispersed jet. Here is still a substantially laminar flow of the reaction mixture before.
  • a "liquid jet of a PUR reaction mixture” is understood according to the invention as meaning a fluid jet of a PUR material, in particular in the region of a mixing chamber for mixing the reaction components in liquid form, which is not yet in the form of fine reaction mixture droplets dispersed in a gas stream , ie in particular in a liquid viscous phase.
  • the prior art processes essentially use a gas stream or nozzle to atomize a PUR reaction mixture and meter a solid-containing gas stream into such an atomized PUR spray. For each spray, as in this case, the distance between adjacent spray particles orthogonal to the main spray direction of a jet increases with increasing distance to the spray nozzle.
  • the process according to the invention is characterized in that solids are passed through a conveying gas stream into a mixing chamber where they encounter a liquid jet of a PUR reaction mixture. Preference is given to gas flows with solids meet in the mixing chamber by entering two or more points in the mixing chamber and particularly preferably are opposite to each other.
  • the particles can not dodge each other or move away from each other because they pass through the walls of the
  • Air swirls are generated by tangential air nozzles and the circular surfaces enclosed by them form a right angle with the axis of the main flow direction in the mixing chamber.
  • the gaseous stream containing the solid can be prepared by passing a gas stream over solids-containing metering cells of a cell wheel metering device. Due to the overflow of the cell spaces, the solid is entrained by the compressed air flow and transported as a solid / air or gas mixture to the mixing chamber / mixing head. To avoid pulsation, the channel should be designed in the interior of the metering device of the diameter such that a positive overlap can be excluded. This embodiment further ensures that a quantitatively unaltered air flow rate for spraying the PUR reaction mixture is available even in the event of shutdown or speed changes of the metering wheel metering, and thus can be sprayed optionally with or without variable amounts of solids.
  • the maximum possible volume ratio of gas to solid when entering the spray mixing nozzle is preferably in the range from 20: 1 to 200: 1, particularly preferably 50: 1 to 100: 1.
  • nitrogen or in particular air as the gas. These gases are particularly cost-effective and thus contribute to a corresponding cost reduction of the method according to the invention.
  • the filler (A) preferably contains no fine particles under 100 microns in diameter.
  • the particles can have a diameter of up to 2 mm. Preference is given to particles between 100 .mu.m and 1000 .mu.m in diameter and particularly preferably particles between 100 .mu.m and 500 .mu.m in diameter.
  • Such fillers (filler fraction) can be e.g. obtained as a sieve fraction.
  • the filler fraction trickles in the reservoir of the powder conveyor significantly better than conventional fine-grained fillers, as recommended in DE-A 101 61 600, i. with grain sizes below 100 microns.
  • the filler fraction thus increases the reliability of the conveying process and thus significantly increases the overall production reliability.
  • the handling of the filler fraction hardly causes the formation of dust, so that the workplace hygiene is improved, in particular when fillers are to be replenished by staff.
  • with a spray of gas / solid / PUR reaction mixture based on the filler fraction results in less overspray than a filler with a fine-grained fraction.
  • the granulation described above makes it possible to spray more precisely onto a tool and to reduce the overspray, so that the waste material in the production can be reduced.
  • Preferred fillers (A) are substances having a density of more than 2000 kg / m 3 , preferably greater than 3000 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably greater than 4000 kg / m 3 .
  • Materials suitable for use in addition to metal powders include hematite, ilmenite, cassiterite, molybdenite, scheelite, wolframite, sand, chrome ore casting (waste from foundries), olivine, chrome ore, chromite, zirconium silicate and zinc blende, and in particular magnetite, fluorspar, barite and barium sulfate ,
  • the second necessary reactant to form a polyurethane is an isocyanate.
  • the latter reacts with water to form gas.
  • the polyurethane which is formed at the same time is foamed by the resulting gas and the density of the polyurethane is lower than without a water reaction.
  • droplets with a very large total surface area are formed. Over this surface, the reaction mixture absorbs water from the moist air. Since the surrounding air is entrained in the spray direction of the spray jet, the spray jet from the opposite direction flows again and again to new moist air. Depending on the level of humidity, larger or smaller amounts of water will dissolve in the droplets of the spray.
  • a desiccant (B) may be added to the polyol or isocyanate.
  • a powdered desiccant can be dosed as a solid in the mixing chamber, so that the necessary need for desiccant can be adapted to the currently prevailing humidity with little effort. If the density of the desiccant is lower than that of the filler (A) used, then it is preferable to use only so much desiccant that the foaming reaction of the polyurethane is just prevented.
  • Suitable drying agents (B) are desiccants such as silica gel, calcined clay, calcium chloride, calcium oxide, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, sodium sulfate, potassium carbonate, copper sulfate, barium oxide, dry clay, aluminosilicates, in particular zeolite-based molecular sieves such as UOP powder ® also under the synonym Baylith ® powder loading known (manufacturers UOP MSSrl), alumina, superabsorbents such as kalilaugenneutralteke polyacrylic acid, bentonite, montmorillonite and mixtures of the foregoing. Particular preference is given to zeolite-based molecular sieves.
  • desiccants such as silica gel, calcined clay, calcium chloride, calcium oxide, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, sodium sulfate, potassium carbonate, copper sulfate, barium oxide, dry clay,
  • the amount of desiccant (B) is preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the polyurethane reactive mixture, preferably 2 to 5% by weight.
  • the fabric (C) is a defoaming agent with which the solid (B) and / or (A) may preferably be wetted in a proportion of 0 to 1% by weight, preferably 0 to 0.5% by weight. However, it can also be metered into the mixing head feed of the isocyanate and / or of the polyol. To be preferred is a dosage in the mixing head of the mixing chamber. When dosing in feed lines or the mixing head amounts of 0.1 to 25 weight percent, based on the total amount of polyurethane reactive mixture, targeting, preferably amounts of 1 to 20 weight percent, more preferably amounts of 2 to 15 weight percent.
  • substance (C) substances which either displace surface-active foaming agents from the boundary surface without themselves producing foam or which increase the surface tension of the water are suitable. These include natural fats, oils, such as mineral oil and polybutadiene, fatty alcohols, long-chain soaps, such as.
  • the polyols in the polyol preferably containing only small amounts of residual water of less than 0.20 wt .-%, more preferably less than 0.1 wt .-% contain.
  • the polyol component is known to contain, besides polyols (e.g., polyester polyols, polyether polyols, polycarbonate diols, polyetherester polyols), preferably also chain extenders and / or crosslinking agents, and optionally auxiliaries and / or additives
  • polyols e.g., polyester polyols, polyether polyols, polycarbonate diols, polyetherester polyols
  • chain extenders and / or crosslinking agents preferably also chain extenders and / or crosslinking agents, and optionally auxiliaries and / or additives
  • isocyanate component organic isocyanates, modified isocyanates or prepolymers can be used.
  • the polyol / isocyanate mixture was sprayed together with the solids on a flat surface.
  • the desiccant-containing polyol component and the isocyanate component were dynamically mixed in experiments 2 and 3, then the solid / gas stream introduced into the reaction mixture, the mixture of polyurethane reaction mixture, solid and gas nachverischt in an air vortex and then over spraying a spray nozzle.
  • experiment 1 the polyol component and the isocyanate component were dynamically mixed, and with a device as described in DE-A 101 61 600, the fillers were metered into the spray of polyurethane reaction mixture.
  • Polyol 1 A commercially available tri-functional propylene oxide / ethylene oxide polyether with 22 wt .-% ethylene oxide content, on average 91% of primary OH groups and an OH number of 28
  • Polvol 2 A commercially available tri-functional propylene oxide ethylene oxide polyether with 17 wt .-% ethylene oxide content, on average 91% of primary OH groups and an OH number of 28
  • Chain extender ethylene glycol Color paste: Isopur black paste N; a carbon black-polyol blend of ISL-Chemie GmbH & Co. KG
  • Desiccant zeolite in castor oil (UOP L-paste from UOP M.S. S.p.A.) activator 1: dimethyltin dilaurate (Fomrez Catalyst UL-28 from Momentive
  • Polyisocvanate A prepolymer with an NCO content of about 28%, manufactured on the
  • a 1 Grain size distribution between 5 and 80 ⁇ m (Baryt flour C901 from Manual Baryt-Industrie Dr. Rudolf Alberti GmbH & Co. KG)
  • a 2 sieve fraction with a particle size distribution between 100 and 200 ⁇ m *.
  • a sprayed skin of filler particles and polyurethane matrix has good tensile strength when the filler particles are fully incorporated into the polyurethane matrix. Poor wetting leads to a low tensile strength value. Therefore, the tensile strength was measured on the spray skins in order to assess the wetting of the fillers. In order to ensure comparability, a similar filler content was achieved in experiments 1 and 2 (see data after incineration). In experiment 1, in which according to the prior art with a device, as described in DE-A 101 61 600, fillers were dosed into the spray, very small elongation at break of 17% resulted. In experiment 2, the solids were metered by air flow into the mixing chamber according to the method of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de couches de polyuréthane lourdes (avec charges) à absorption acoustique.
PCT/EP2010/005082 2009-08-26 2010-08-19 Procédé de production de couches de polyuréthane à absorption acoustique WO2011023328A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009038866.4 2009-08-26
DE102009038866 2009-08-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011023328A1 true WO2011023328A1 (fr) 2011-03-03

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ID=43314581

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PCT/EP2010/005082 WO2011023328A1 (fr) 2009-08-26 2010-08-19 Procédé de production de couches de polyuréthane à absorption acoustique

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2626854B1 (fr) 2012-02-09 2015-07-22 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Composant isolé d'un appareil domestique, en particulier un lave-vaisselle et procédé de fabrication d'un tel composant
EP3632641A1 (fr) * 2018-10-01 2020-04-08 RECTICEL Automobilsysteme GmbH Procédé de production de peau élastomère

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2750938A1 (de) * 1977-11-15 1979-05-17 Helmut Pelzer Dosier- und mischvorrichtung zur herstellung von kunststoffen insbesondere gefuellten polyurethanschaeumen
DE2823189A1 (de) * 1978-05-27 1979-11-29 Desma Werke Gmbh Mischkopf, insbesondere fuer die formschaeumung von polyurethanen
US4397407A (en) * 1980-04-03 1983-08-09 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for the production of a solid-forming or foam-forming mixture composed of at least two flowable reaction components and fillers
DE4417596A1 (de) * 1994-05-19 1995-11-23 Krauss Maffei Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Mischen reaktiver Kunststoffkomponenten mit Füllstoffen
EP0895815A1 (fr) * 1997-08-05 1999-02-10 Afros S.P.A. Procédé et appareil pour la production de polyuréthane
DE10161600A1 (de) 2001-12-14 2003-07-03 Stankiewicz Gmbh Verfahren zum Aufsprühen von Kunststoffschichten
DE102004039438A1 (de) 2004-08-13 2006-02-23 Stankiewicz Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schallisolations-Formteils mit Masse und Feder
DE202006008449U1 (de) * 2006-05-24 2006-08-03 Duramotive Gmbh Schallreduzierendes Flächenelement

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2750938A1 (de) * 1977-11-15 1979-05-17 Helmut Pelzer Dosier- und mischvorrichtung zur herstellung von kunststoffen insbesondere gefuellten polyurethanschaeumen
DE2823189A1 (de) * 1978-05-27 1979-11-29 Desma Werke Gmbh Mischkopf, insbesondere fuer die formschaeumung von polyurethanen
US4397407A (en) * 1980-04-03 1983-08-09 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for the production of a solid-forming or foam-forming mixture composed of at least two flowable reaction components and fillers
DE4417596A1 (de) * 1994-05-19 1995-11-23 Krauss Maffei Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Mischen reaktiver Kunststoffkomponenten mit Füllstoffen
EP0895815A1 (fr) * 1997-08-05 1999-02-10 Afros S.P.A. Procédé et appareil pour la production de polyuréthane
DE10161600A1 (de) 2001-12-14 2003-07-03 Stankiewicz Gmbh Verfahren zum Aufsprühen von Kunststoffschichten
DE102004039438A1 (de) 2004-08-13 2006-02-23 Stankiewicz Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schallisolations-Formteils mit Masse und Feder
DE202006008449U1 (de) * 2006-05-24 2006-08-03 Duramotive Gmbh Schallreduzierendes Flächenelement

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2626854B1 (fr) 2012-02-09 2015-07-22 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Composant isolé d'un appareil domestique, en particulier un lave-vaisselle et procédé de fabrication d'un tel composant
EP3632641A1 (fr) * 2018-10-01 2020-04-08 RECTICEL Automobilsysteme GmbH Procédé de production de peau élastomère
WO2020069937A1 (fr) * 2018-10-01 2020-04-09 Recticel Automobilsysteme Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'un revetement élastomère
CN112839786A (zh) * 2018-10-01 2021-05-25 雷克蒂塞尔汽车系统有限责任公司 用于生产弹性体表皮的方法
CN112839786B (zh) * 2018-10-01 2022-12-30 雷克蒂塞尔汽车系统有限责任公司 用于生产弹性体表皮的方法

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