Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
  • C08K5/11—Esters; Ether-esters of acyclic polycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/03—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/04—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
  • C07C67/31—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
  • C07C67/313—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of doubly bound oxygen containing functional groups, e.g. carboxyl groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
  • C07C69/66—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety
  • C07C69/67—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
  • C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
  • C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
  • C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process.
• the present invention relates to a process for preparing a compound that may be used in polymers, for example as a plasticiser or impact modifier, a compound made by that process, and a composition comprising a polymer and the compound.
• thermoplastic polymers for example the extruding properties of such polymers
• plasticisers thereto.
• DOA dioctyl adipate
• DOP dioctyl phthalate
• WO01 /14466 relates to materials such as compounds of the formula.
• Glycerol ⁇ Glycerol Triester (Purity is typical >90%)
• the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound having the formula
• Ri, R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen and acyl groups, wherein at least one of R-i, R 2 and R 3 is a branched chain long acyl group of the formula
• n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n, and wherein p is from O to 4
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are selected from short acyl groups of the formula
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from
• x is from O to 3, and wherein n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n-1-x, 2n-3-x or 2n-5-x;and
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is an unsaturated long acyl group
• y is from 1 to 4
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n+1-y, 2n-1-y or 2n-3-y
• z is from 1 to 4, n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n+1-z, 2n-1-z or 2n-3-z, and wherein p is from 0 to 4;
• z is from 1 to 4
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n+1-z, 2n-1-z or 2n-3-z
• p is from O to 4.
• the present invention provides a compound obtained or obtainable by a process as defined herein.
• the present invention provides a compound selected from compounds of the formulae
• the present invention provides a composition comprising i) a polymer; and ii) a compound as defined herein.
• steps (1), (2) and (3a) are performed.
• the present invention provides process for the preparation of a compound having the formula H 2 C— O— R 1
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen and acyl groups, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a branched chain long acyl group of the formula
• n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n, and wherein p is from 0 to 4
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are selected from short acyl groups of the formula
• Ri, R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from
• x is from 0 to 3
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n-1-x, 2n-3-x or 2n-5-x
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is an unsaturated long acyl group
• y is from 1 to 4
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n+1-y, 2n-1-y or 2n-3-y
• acylati ⁇ g the hydroxy long acyl group to provide a branched long acyl group of the formula
• z is from 1 to 4
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n+1-z, 2n-1-z or 2n-3-z
• p is from 0 to 4.
• steps (1), (2) and (3b) are performed.
• the present invention provides process for the preparation of a compound having the formula
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen and acyl groups, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a branched chain long acyl group of the formula
• n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n, and wherein p is from 0 to 4
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are selected from short acyl groups of the formula o
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from (a) hydrogen,
• x is from 0 to 3
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n-1-x, 2n-3-x or 2n-5-x
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is an unsaturated long acyl group
• z is from 1 to 4
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n+1-z, 2n-1-z or 2n-3-z
• p is from O to 4.
• step (2) of the process namely optionally acylating the compound if at least one of Ri, R 2 and R 3 is hydrogen, is performed.
• step (2) requires acylating the compound if at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is hydrogen.
• step (2) of the process namely optionally acylating the compound if at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is hydrogen, is not performed. In this aspect, step (2) is omitted.
• the present invention provides among other things a compound having the formula
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen and acyl groups, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a branched chain long acyl group of the formula
• z is from 1 to 4
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n+1-z or 2n-1-z
• p is from 0 to 4.
• the compound is derived from an unsaturated compound having the formula
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen, unsaturated long acyl group of the formula
• x is from 0 to 3
• n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n-1-x, 2n-3-x or 2n-5- x;
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is an unsaturated long acyl group.
• the unsaturated long acyl group is hydroxylated to provide a hydroxy long acyl group of the formula
• y is from 1 to 4, n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n+1-y, 2n-1-y or 2n-3-y In one preferred aspect in respect of the unsaturated long acyl group n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n-1-x. In this aspect, for the hydroxy long acyl group n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n+1-y.
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are the short acyl groups and one of Ri, R 2 and R3 is a branched long acyl group.
• R 1 and R 2 may be a short acyl groups and R 3 is a branched long acyl group.
• R 1 and R 3 may be a short acyl groups and R 2 is a branched long acyl group.
• R 2 and R 3 may be a short acyl groups and R 1 is a branched long acyl group.
• n which denotes the length of long acyl chain may be chosen as required.
• n is from 13 to 19.
• n is from 15 to 19.
• n is 17.
• the long acyl chain is derived from a C18 fatty acid.
• a particularly preferred long acyl chain is derived from oleic acid.
• p which denotes the length of branch on the long acyl chain may be chosen as required.
• p is 0 to 3.
• p is 0 or 1.
• p is 0.
• the branch on the long acyl chain is an acetyl group.
• step (3b) is performed, namely the unsaturated long acyl group is reacted with a carboxylic acid of the formula
• carboxylic acid will be selected to provide the desired branched long acyl group.
• q which denotes the length of short acyl chain may be chosen as required.
• q is 0 to 3.
• q is 0 or 1.
• q is 0.
• the short acyl group is an acetyl group.
• x which denotes the number of -OH groups on the unsaturated long acyl group may be chosen as required.
• x is 0 or 1.
• x is 0.
• y which denotes the number of -OH groups on the hydroxy long acyl group may be chosen as required.
• y is 1 or 2.
• y is 1.
• z which denotes the number of branch groups on the branched long acyl group may be chosen as required.
• z is 1 or 2.
• z is 1.
• the x allows for OH groups to be present or not present on the unsaturated long acyl group.
• the unsaturated long acyl group is hydroxylated to provide the hydroxy long acyl group.
• at least one OH group must be added to the unsaturated long acyl group to provide the hydroxy long acyl group.
• the hydroxy long acyl group has one OH group (i.e. y is 1), this must have been added during the hydroxylation step.
• the hydroxy long acyl group has more than one OH groups (e.g.
• y is 2), one or more of the OH groups may have been present on the unsaturated long acyl group (e.g. x is 1) and the remaining OH groups were added during the hydroxylation step; however, it will be appreciated that alternatively no OH groups may have been was present on the unsaturated long acyl group (i.e. x is O) and all OH groups were added during the hydroxylation step.
• the plant oil may be obtained or derived from any suitable source. Typically it will be obtained from plant oils.
• the plant oil may be chosen by one skilled in the art to provide the require unsaturated compound.
• certain oils will be high in particular unsaturated fatty acids and certain oils will be high in particular -OH containing unsaturated fatty acids.
• Almost all vegetable oils containing a significant content of unsaturated fatty acids could serve as starting material.
• the unsaturated compound may be derived from sunflower oil, soybean oil, rapeseed (canola) oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, corn oil, peanut oil, mustard seed oil, olive oil, palm oil, rice bran oil, palm kernel oil, moringa oil or mixtures thereof.
• the unsaturated compound is derived from sunflower oil.
• the sunflower oil contains oleic acid in an amount of at least 80% by weight based on the total fatty acid content.
• vegetable oils containing primarily monoenoic fatty acids (oleic, erucic) will derive the monohydroxylated compound (subsequently acetylated), having the -OH (subsequently acyl) group positioned either side of the double bond.
• the use of oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic) will derive the di- or trihydroxylated compound (subsequently acetylated), having the -OH (subsequently acyl) groups positioned either side of the double bonds.
• Partially hydrogenated vegetable oils can also be used in this process.
• the branch of the branched long acyl group may be placed at any point along the length of the chain of the long acyl group. Indeed it is an advantage of the invention that by selection of the unsaturated compound, and in particular by selection of the point of unsaturation on the unsaturated long acyl group, the position of the branch may be controlled.
• the branched long acyl group is a group of the formula
• p is from 0 to 4. More preferably the long acyl group is a group of the formula
• p is preferably O and thus the branched long acyl group is a group of the formula
• branched long acyl group is a group of the formula
• the compound is selected from compounds of the formulae
• the compound is selected from compounds of the formulae
• the compound is of the formula
• the compound is selected from compounds of the formulae
• the compound is of the formula
• the compound is selected from compounds of the formulae
• the compound is of the formula
• the process may comprises a step of protecting any of the hydroxyl groups on the unsaturated compound prior to hydroxylating the unsaturated long acyl group
• the process may comprise a step of deprotecting the protected groups after acylation of the hydroxy long acyl group
• step (3a)(ii) of the process may comprise acylating the hydroxy long acyl group and acylating other hydroxy groups such that all hydroxy groups on the compound are acylated.
• the process may comprise a further step of purifying the reaction product of the present process. This may be for example by fractionation.
• a typical fractionation step in the process may be performed over a range of 150 to 300 0 C, more preferably 180 to 25O 0 C, and a pressure of 0.15 to 100Pa (1mBar), more preferably 0.15 to 10Pa.
• a person skilled in the art will then use routine experiments to select a flow rate that is considered to give an optimal balance between recovery and purity for a particular production run at a particular plant. Suitable processes and process parameter are taught in WO2006/108754.
• composition comprising i) a polymer
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen and acyl groups, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a branched chain long acyl group of the formula
• n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n, and wherein p is from 0 to 4
• Ri, R 2 and R 3 are selected from short acyl groups of the formula
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from
• x is from O to 3, and wherein n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n-1-x, 2n-3-x or 2n-5-x;and
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is an unsaturated long acyl group
• y is from 1 to 4
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n+1-y, 2n-1-y or 2n-3-y
• z is from 1 to 4, n is from 9 to 21 and m is 2n+1-z, 2n-1-z or 2n-3-z, and wherein p is from 0 to 4;
• z is from 1 to 4
• n is from 9 to 21
• m is 2n+1-z, 2n-1-z or 2n-3-z
• p is from 0 to 4.
• the present invention further provides a composition comprising i) a polymer
• the polymer is a thermoplastic polymer.
• the thermoplastic polymer is or comprises a vinyl chloride polymer or a vinyl chloride copolymer selected from vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride/vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl chloride/ethylene copolymer and a copolymer prepared by grafting vinyl chloride onto ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
• thermoplastic polymer is or comprises a polymer blend of a thermoplastic polymer, preferably a thermoplastic polymer as defined above, and a second polymer.
• the second polymer is a methacryl polymer or an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer.
• compositions of the present invention may be formulated in any manner to provide the required properties of the composition.
• the composition of the present invention comprises the compound in an amount of 0.01 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer, such in an amount of 0.01 to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer, such as in an amount of 1 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer, such as in an amount of 10 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer, such as in an amount of 20 to 80 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer, such as in an amount of 30 to 80 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer, such as in an amount of 40 to 80 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer, such as in an amount of 50 to 80 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer, such as in an amount of 60 to 70 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer.
• the present invention provides a composition comprising a compound as defined above and an aliphatic polyester.
• a compound as defined above Preferably the aliphatic polyester is biodegradable.
• biodegradable it is meant that a material may be decomposed by indigenous or exogenous organisms, or their enzymes, often in combination with natural weathering and oxidation or reduction processes.
• composition may comprise any biodegradable polymer in particle or complete replacement of the aliphatic polyester.
• present invention provides :
• biodegradable polymers can be found in the publication "Biodegradable Plasties - Developments and Environmental Impacts", October 2002, by Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage (a copy of which can be found at
• the present composition may be subject to bioremediation.
• Bioremediation is the deliberate use of these processes of biodegradation in order to return an environment altered by contaminants to its original condition. This is less expensive or problematic than searching for and possibly excavating the contaminant, followed either by disposal elsewhere, or incineration.
• the polymer is a plastic polymer.
• plastic it is typically meant a material that is capable of flowing under heat and/or pressure and then subsequently setting.
• suitable aliphatic polyesters for use used in the present invention include an aliphatic polyester comprising a lactic acid unit in the molecule.
• aliphatic polyesters comprising polyfunctional polysaccharides and a lactic acid unit
• aliphatic polyesters comprising an aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid unit, an aliphatic polyvalent alcohol unit and a lactic acid unit
• (4) mixtures thereof include the lactic acid-based polymers (1) to (4).
• polylactic acid, and lactic acid-other aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymers may be used.
• Preferable still is polylactic acid.
• Lactic acid includes a L-lactic acid and a D-lactic acid.
• lactic acid When referred to simply as lactic acid in the present invention, both the L-lactic acid and D- lactic acid are indicated unless otherwise stated.
• the molecular weight of a polymer indicates the weight- average molecular weight unless otherwise stated.
• poly(L-lactic acid) solely composed of L-lactic acid poly(D-lactic acid) solely composed of D-lactic acid
• poly(DL-lactic acid) comprising a L- lactic acid unit and a D-lactic acid unit in various proportions, and the like.
• hydroxycarboxylic acid of a lactic acid-other aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymer there are listed glycolic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, 4- hydroxyvaleric acid, 5-hydroxyvaleric acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid and the like.
• polymers such as lactic acid based polymers allows for the provision of polymers systems in which the constituent materials are not obtained from (or are obtained to a lesser extent from) fossil fuels e.g. crude oil. Thus these polymer systems are bio-sustainable.
• polylactic acid used in the present invention
• a method in which L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid or DL-lactic acid is directly dehydrated and poly- condensed a method in which a lactide, cyclic dimer of such lactic acid is ring opening- polymerized, and the like are listed.
• the ring opening polymerization may also be conducted in the presence of a compound having a hydroxyl group such as higher alcohol, hydroxycarboxylic acid and the like.
• the compound may be produced by any method.
• a method for producing a lactic acid-other aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymer a method in which the above-described lactic acid and the above- described aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid are dehydrated and polycondensed, a method in which a lactide, cyclic dimer of the above-described lactic acid, and a cyclic body of the above-described hydroxycarboxylic acid are ring opening-copolymerized, and the like are listed.
• the copolymer may be produced by any method.
• the amount of a lactic acid unit contained in a lactic acid-other aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymer is preferably at least 40 mol%.
• polyfunctional polysaccharides used for producing an aliphatic polyester comprising polyfunctional polysaccharides and a lactic acid unit include cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, celluloid, viscose rayon, regenerated cellulose, cellophane, cupra, cupro-ammonium rayon, cuprofan, bemberg, hemicellulose, starch, acropectin, dextrin, dextran, glycogen, pectin, chitin, chitosan, gum arabic, cyamoposis gum, locust bean gum, acacia gum and the like, and mixtures, and derivatives.
• cellulose acetate and ethyl cellulose are preferable.
• an aliphatic polyester comprising polyfunctional polysaccharides and a lactic acid unit
• a method in which the above-described polysaccharides are reacted with the above-described polylactic acid, lactic acid-other aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymer and the like a method in which the above- described polysaccharides are reacted with the above-described lactic acid, cyclic esters and the like, as well as other methods are listed.
• the aliphatic polyester may be produced by any method. It is preferable that the amount of a lactic acid unit contained in the aliphatic polyester is at least 50 mol%.
• Examples of the aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid used for producing an aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid unit, an aliphatic polyvalent alcohol unit and a lactic acid unit include oxalic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid and the like, and anhydrides thereof. These may be mixed with an acid anhydride.
• Examples of the aliphatic polyvalent alcohol include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1 ,3-butanediol, 1 ,4-butanediol, 3-methyl-1 ,5- pentanediol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, 1 ,9-nonanediol, neopentyl glycol, tetramethylene glycol, 1 ,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and the like.
• an aliphatic polyester comprising an aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid unit, an aliphatic polyvalent alcohol unit and a lactic acid unit
• a method in which the above-described aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid and the above- described aliphatic polyvalent alcohol are reacted with the above-described polylactic acid, lactic acid-other aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid copolymer and the like a method in which the above-described aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid and the above- described aliphatic polyvalent alcohol are reacted with the above-described polylactic acid, cyclic esters and the like, as well as other methods are listed.
• the aliphatic polyester may be produced by any method. It is preferable that the amount of a lactic acid unit contained in the aliphatic polyester is at least 50 mol%.
• the molecular weight of the aliphatic polyester exerts an influence on processability into a film, and strength and degradability of the obtained film.
• the molecular weight is low, strength of the obtained film decreases and the film may be broken in use. Further, degradation speed increases.
• the molecular weight is high, processability lowers and film moulding becomes difficult. From such a standpoint, the molecular weight of the aliphatic polyester is in a range from about 10,000 to about 1 ,000,000. A further preferable range is from 100,000 to 300,000.
• the present invention provides a plasticiser comprising (a) a compound obtained by the process of the present invention; or (b) a compound obtainable by the process of the present invention; or (c) a compound as defined herein, such as a compound selected from compounds of the formulae 3 -Ji-CH 3
• the present invention provides an impact modifier comprising (a) a compound obtained by the process of the present invention; or (b) a compound obtainable by the process of the present invention; or (c) a compound as defined herein, such as a compound selected from compounds of the formulae
• the mixture is stirred at room temperature another 3 hours and the reaction quenched with drop wise addition of methanol. After the H 2 evolution stopped, 160 ml 3M NaOH- solution is added, followed by 108 ml 50% H 2 O 2 solution, thereby keeping the temperature under 35°C. The mixture is stirred for another hour and 500 ml water is added. The aqueous phase is removed and the organic phase washed several times with a saturated NaCI solution. The organic phase is dried with NaSO 4 and the solvent removed in vacuo. The product is analyzed and identified by GC, mass spectrometry (MS), acid number and OH-value.
• MS mass spectrometry
• the hydroxyl compound is acetylated with an excess (1.5 eq.) acetic anhydride at 90- 13O 0 C. After the reaction is complete (ca. 1-2 hours), acetic acid and excess acetic anhydride is removed in vacuo. The liquid product is analyzed and characterized by GC/MS, acid number and OH-number.
• SOSAR SEL 3568 The combined yield of this two-step synthesis is >90%.
• the product is denoted herein as SOSAR SEL 3568.
• SOSAR SEL 3568 was found to comprise a mixture of 9- and
• the verification is based on the comparison with 12-acetoxy-octadecanoic acid 2,3- diacetoxypropyl ester (Soft-N-Safe).
• the main peak in SOSAR SEL 3568 consists of 2 coeluting component pairs (containing also the 1,3-diacetoxy propyl esters).
• the reaction product may be further purified. As discussed above, in the present work further purification was performed by short path distillation. A KD-L5 short path distillation unit was used with the heat transfer fluid adjusted to 215 0 C and the condenser to 7O 0 C. The distillation is performed at 4x10 3 mbar. The amount of distillate corresponds to a cut of 80% at a flow of 750 g/h.
• the distillate is analysed by GC and LC 1 showing the acylated C-18-OH monoglyceride to be the major component wit ca. 84%, the rest being mainly the acylated C-16 and C- 18 monoglycerides.
• a GC-chromatogram of the distilled reaction product can be seen in Figure 1 , together with Figure 2 which is a chromatogram of a 12-acetoxy- octadecanoic acid 2,3-diacetoxypropyl ester (Soft-N-Safe; SNS ) reference sample for comparison.
• SOSAR MKH 3972 was found to comprise a compound of the formula
• GRINDSTED SOFT-N-SAFE, SOSAR SEL 3568 and SOSAR MKH 3972 were evaluated in respect of Tensile strength, Modulus and elongation in accordance with DIN 53457 and evaluated in respect of shore A hardness in accordance with DIN 53505.
• GRINDSTED SOFT-N-SAFE is a compound of the formula shown below, and is available from Danisco A/S, Denmark
• SOSAR SEL 3568 is an efficient plasticiser and has mechanical properties tested to be very comparable to GRINDSTED SOFT-N-SAFE.
• SOSAR MKH 3972 also performed as a plasticiser.

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  • 2014-10-29 JP JP2014220514A patent/JP2015051988A/ja active Pending

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