Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
  • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
  • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
  • G01T1/161—Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting
  • G01T1/164—Scintigraphy
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
  • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
  • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
  • G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
  • G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
  • G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
  • G01N23/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material by irradiating the sample with X-rays or gamma-rays and by measuring X-ray fluorescence
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
  • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
  • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
  • G01T1/161—Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting
  • G01T1/164—Scintigraphy
  • G01T1/1641—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions using one or several scintillating elements; Radio-isotope cameras
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
  • G01N2223/07—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation secondary emission
  • G01N2223/076—X-ray fluorescence

Definitions

• an X-ray phase imaging method in which changes in phase caused by a detection object is detected is advantageous.
• the present invention provides an x- ray imaging apparatus and an x-ray imaging method capable of solving the problem of a refraction contrast method.
• an x-ray imaging apparatus and an x-ray imaging method capable of solving the problem of a refraction contrast method can be provided.
• Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of part of a scintillator array according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
• Fig. 7 illustrates computed tomography (CT)
• a scintillator having a different change in the fluorescence emission intensity or a different increasing and decreasing tendency of the fluorescence emission intensity in a movement direction of the incident X-ray may be used.
• Such scintillator is described in more detail below with reference to a sixth embodiment .
• Fig. 17 is a schematic illustration of the
• the present embodiment employs a scintillator having a fluorescence emission intensity
• a monochromating unit 102 may be disposed between the X-ray source 101 and the detection object 104.
• a monochromator combined with a slit or an X-ray multilayer mirror can be used as the monochromating unit 102.
• a computing unit 307 a computing unit 307
• the result is displayed on a display unit 308, such as a monitor.
• Fig. 4 illustrates a scintillator array according to the present embodiment.
• an optical path of a reference X-ray 401 an X-ray traveling when the detection object 304 is not set
• an optical path of an X-ray 402 refracted by the detection object 304 are shown.
• a fluorescence emission intensity gradient can be provided.
• the fluorescence emission intensity of the fluorescence 405 (J(X)) with respect to the incident position of the X-ray can be generated.
• Fig. 5 is a flowchart of the computation process.
• step SlOO the intensity information on the fluorescence emitted from the scintillator array 305 is acquired.
• step SlOl a change in the
• an amount of the differential phase and an amount of the phase can be quantified.
• a configuration in which the distance between the detection object 304 and the detector 306 is set to be large a change in the position of the X-ray caused by a much slighter refraction can be
• the scintillator 604 Since the scintillator 604 has a shape of a triangle pole, the fluorescence emission intensity changes in accordance with the incident position of the X-ray on the scintillator 604.
• the intensity J of the fluorescence 605 is expressed as follows:
• the CT apparatus includes an X- ray source 701, a separating element 703, a detection object 704, a scintillator array 705, a detector 706, a computing unit 707, and a display unit 708.
• Fig. 8 is a flowchart of the computation process.
• step S200 the fluorescence emission intensity information from the scintillator array 705 is acquired. Subsequently, in step S2
• the absorption information may be acquired from the fluorescence emission intensity obtained using the scintillator 905 and, subsequently, a change in position may be computed using this absorption information.
• the basic configuration of the X-ray- imaging apparatus is the same as that of the second
• the separating element 1403 is made of W and has a thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
• the separating element 1403 has slits, each having a slit width of 40 ⁇ m, arranged therein.
• the period of the slits is 150 ⁇ m on the scintillator array 1405, Note that Au, Pb, Ta, or Pt is used for the material in stead of W.
• the X-ray separated by the separating element 1403 is made incident upon the middle point of the triangle pole in the periodic direction. Note that in this example, for one X-ray separated by the separating element 1403, the fluorescence emission intensity values of six pixels in the periodic direction of the triangle pole are summed. The sum is defined as the fluorescence emission intensity of one scintillator.
• differential phase image or the phase image obtained by the computing unit 1407 is displayed on the display unit 1408 serving as a PC monitor.
• FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary configuration of the present example.
• an X-ray source 1501 a detection object 1504, a scintillator array 1505, an X-ray detector 1506, and a display unit 1508 are shown.
• an MO-target rotating anode X-ray generator unit shown as the X-ray source 1501 is used as an X-ray generator unit.
• An X-ray generated by the X-ray source 1501 is radiated to the detection object 1504 set at a position remote from the X-ray source 1501 by 100 cm.
• the X-ray is transmitted through the detection object 1504 and is made incident on the scintillator array 1505 disposed at a position remote from the detection object 1504 by 65 cm.
• the scintillator array 1405 of Example 3 is produced by processing CsI (Tl doped) formed on an optical fiber plate so that, as shown in Fig. 16, a rod having a shape of a triangle pole and a rod having a shape of a square pole are alternately arranged therein.
• the period of a scintillator 1604 having a shape of a triangle pole and a scintillator 1605 having a shape of a square pole is 150 ⁇ m.
• the vertex angle of the triangle pole of the scintillator 1604 is about 80°.
• the maximum thickness of the triangle pole is about 13 ⁇ m.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Surgery (AREA)
• Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
• Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
• Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)

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• 2010
  • 2010-07-05 JP JP2010153078A patent/JP5697370B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-07-23 WO PCT/JP2010/062972 patent/WO2011010750A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2010-07-23 RU RU2012106612/28A patent/RU2491578C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2010-07-23 US US13/121,776 patent/US9103923B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-07-23 BR BR112012000518A patent/BR112012000518A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2010-07-23 CN CN2010800322880A patent/CN102472823A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-07-23 KR KR1020127003272A patent/KR101331542B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-07-23 EP EP10749921A patent/EP2457112A2/en not_active Withdrawn

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