WO2011002123A1 - 태양광 발전 장치 및 그의 태양광 추적 방법 - Google Patents
태양광 발전 장치 및 그의 태양광 추적 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011002123A1 WO2011002123A1 PCT/KR2009/003769 KR2009003769W WO2011002123A1 WO 2011002123 A1 WO2011002123 A1 WO 2011002123A1 KR 2009003769 W KR2009003769 W KR 2009003769W WO 2011002123 A1 WO2011002123 A1 WO 2011002123A1
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- angle
- solar
- light collecting
- sun
- collecting plate
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
- H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
- F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
- G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
- G01S3/7861—Solar tracking systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S2030/10—Special components
- F24S2030/13—Transmissions
- F24S2030/131—Transmissions in the form of articulated bars
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S2030/10—Special components
- F24S2030/13—Transmissions
- F24S2030/136—Transmissions for moving several solar collectors by common transmission elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photovoltaic device, and more particularly, to a photovoltaic device and a photovoltaic method of tracking a solar light by varying the angle of the solar panel according to the position of the sun.
- solar energy can be classified into three types, one of which is a solar thermal method that converts light energy of the sun into thermal energy and utilizes it as heating or hot water, or obtains electrical energy by operating a generator with the converted thermal energy.
- the other is to collect the sunlight and guide it to the optical fiber and use it as lighting, and the other is to use solar cells, solar cells to directly convert the sun's light energy into electrical energy. That's the solar method.
- a solar panel As a device for collecting solar energy, a solar panel, a solar panel, which absorbs energy in the face of direct sunlight of the sun, is typically used.
- a solar panel has a structure in which a plurality of solar cells or pipes for circulating working fluid are installed in a flat plate-shaped structure, and the efficiency thereof varies depending on the altitude of the sun.
- the tracking device can be divided into one-axis system or two-axis system according to the number of rotation axis, and adjust the angle of the solar light collecting plate automatically or manually according to the altitude of the measured or pre-input sun Efficiency is achieved.
- the photovoltaic device and its solar tracking method according to the prior art error in accordance with the installation position, in particular the installation direction of the solar light collecting plate having the solar cell, despite the position of the sun according to a predetermined program.
- the present invention is to solve the above problems, in the case of arranging a plurality of solar light collecting plate to provide a photovoltaic device and a photovoltaic tracking method for adjusting the solar light collecting plate to a specific rotation angle to increase the solar absorption efficiency.
- the purpose is.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell apparatus and a solar tracking method thereof capable of rotating a solar cell or a solar light collecting plate accurately in a desired direction according to the altitude and azimuth of the sun.
- the present invention in the rotation of the solar cell or the solar light collecting plate according to the altitude and azimuth of the sun, the solar light absorbing efficiency by correcting the error according to the installation position, in particular the installation direction of the solar light collecting plate provided with the solar cell
- Another object is to provide an improved photovoltaic device and its photovoltaic tracking method.
- the solar cell apparatus for achieving the above object, having one or more solar cells, one or more solar light collecting plate for absorbing sunlight, and the solar cell based on the altitude and azimuth of the sun
- a rotation angle calculation unit for calculating a rotation angle for rotating the solar light collecting plate so as to maintain a constant angle with the sun, an error angle calculating unit for calculating an error angle between an installation direction of the solar light collecting plate and true north;
- a control unit for calculating a control angle based on the rotation angle and the error angle, and a driving unit for rotating the solar light collecting plate according to the control angle, wherein the control angle calculating unit includes one solar light collecting plate.
- the control angle operation unit may compare the control angle with a preset tracking limit angle, output the control angle to the driving unit, or perform a shadow removing mode according to a comparison result. Further, the control angle calculation unit outputs the control angle to the drive unit when the control angle is greater than the tracking limit angle and less than 180 degrees-tracking limit angle, and the control angle is equal to or less than the tracking limit angle. Alternatively, the shading mode is performed when the limit is greater than 180 degrees.
- the shading removal mode is a mode of rotating the solar panel light collecting plate at a predetermined control angle for a predetermined time, or by rotating at a control angle smaller than the tracking limit angle to absorb sunlight, and the absorbed sunlight If the predetermined light amount or more may be a mode for stopping the solar light collecting plate.
- the constant angle is adjusted to an angle such that the plane of the solar cell is perpendicular to the sunlight caused by the sun.
- the predetermined angle may be determined according to one or more of a sunrise time, a sunset time, a distance between the solar panels, a position of the solar panels, the size of sunlight, and weather data.
- the present invention further includes a communication unit for performing wired and wireless communication with an external system, wherein the altitude and azimuth of the sun can be determined by information received from an external weather observation system connected through the communication unit.
- the present invention may further comprise a storage unit for storing the date, time, location and the weather data according to the above, the altitude and azimuth of the sun, the date, time, location and stored according to the storage unit It can be calculated based on weather data.
- the altitude and azimuth angle of the sun according to the date, time, location and weather data according to the storage unit may be preset.
- the present invention may further include an input / output unit that receives a command from the outside or transmits a current state to the outside.
- the input / output unit may receive a command through a screen or display a current state through a screen. It may be a unit.
- the direction of the solar cell is changed according to the control angle, and the control angle is less than the tracking limit angle.
- 180 ° -tracking limit angle the direction of the solar cell is changed according to the shading removal mode.
- the shading removal mode is a mode of rotating the solar panel light collecting plate at a predetermined control angle for a predetermined time, or by rotating at a control angle smaller than the tracking limit angle to absorb sunlight, and the absorbed sunlight If the predetermined light amount or more may be a mode for stopping the solar light collecting plate.
- the altitude and azimuth of the sun are determined by information received from an external weather observation system or calculated based on pre-stored date, time, location and weather data according thereto, or the date, time, location and weather accordingly It may be preset according to the data.
- the constant angle may be an angle at which the plane formed by the solar cell is perpendicular to the sunlight caused by the sun, or a sunrise time, sunset time, distance between the solar light collecting plate, position of the solar light collecting plate, and It may be determined according to the size, one or more of the weather data or a combination of two or more.
- the solar light collecting plate may be adjusted at a specific rotation angle to increase the solar absorption efficiency.
- the solar cell or the solar light collecting plate can be rotated exactly in the desired direction according to the altitude and azimuth of the sun.
- an error according to an installation position of the solar light collecting plate including the solar cell, in particular, an installation direction may be corrected, and the solar absorption efficiency may be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a photovoltaic device according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart schematically showing a solar tracking method of the photovoltaic device according to the present invention
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are conceptual diagrams for explaining a solar tracking operation in FIGS. 1 and 2;
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an anti-shadowing operation in FIGS. 1 and 2;
- FIGS. 1 and 2 shows the display screen in FIGS. 1 and 2;
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrates an example of the solar light collecting plate of FIGS. 1 and 2;
- FIG. 7 is a view showing a detailed configuration of the solar tube light collecting plate in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a conceptual view for explaining the relationship between the altitude, azimuth and control angle of the sun according to the present invention.
- a photovoltaic device and a photovoltaic tracking method thereof comprising: a photovoltaic device that absorbs and generates sunlight by using one or more solar cells, the rotation angle determined according to the altitude and azimuth of the sun, The solar cell is controlled to form a predetermined angle with sunlight based on an error angle between the installation direction of the solar cell and true north.
- the predetermined angle is an angle at which the solar cell is perpendicular to the plane formed by the solar cell, or the sunrise time, sunset time, distance between the solar light collecting plate, the position of the solar light collecting plate, and the solar light.
- the angle is determined by the size, weather data, or a combination of two or more.
- the photovoltaic device includes one or more solar light collecting plates 100 including one or two or more solar cells 110 to absorb sunlight, and an altitude of the sun.
- a rotation angle calculation unit 310 for calculating a rotation angle for rotating the solar light collecting plate so that the solar cell maintains a constant angle with the sun based on an azimuth angle, and an error between the installation direction of the solar light collecting plate and true north.
- the control angle calculation unit 330 determines whether or not shading occurs in another solar light collecting plate in one solar light collecting plate, and if the shading occurs as a result of the determination, removes the shading mode. Characterized in that for performing.
- control angle calculation unit 330 compares the control angle with a preset tracking limit angle and outputs the control angle to the driving unit or performs a shadow removing mode according to a comparison result.
- the control angle calculation unit 330 outputs the control angle to the driving unit 200 when the control angle is greater than the tracking limit angle and smaller than the 180 degree tracking limit angle. If the tracking limit angle is less than or equal to or greater than 180 degrees tracking limit angle is performed in the shadow removal mode.
- the shading removal mode is a mode of rotating the solar panel light collecting plate at a predetermined control angle for a predetermined time, or by rotating at a control angle smaller than the tracking limit angle to absorb sunlight, and the absorbed sunlight If the predetermined light amount or more may be a mode for stopping the solar light collecting plate.
- the constant angle is adjusted to an angle such that the plane of the solar cell is perpendicular to the sunlight caused by the sun.
- the predetermined angle may be determined according to one or more of a sunrise time, a sunset time, a distance between the solar panels, a position of the solar panels, the size of sunlight, and weather data.
- the position of the sun depends on the season and the time of day. Referring to FIG. 8, the altitudes of the lower liquor, the vernal equinox, the autumn equinox, and the winter solstice in the Gwangju region at 35 degrees north latitude and 126 degrees longitude can be seen.
- the constant angle is adjusted to an angle such that the plane of the solar cell is perpendicular to the sunlight caused by the sun. In normal weather conditions, a single solar cell must be in the vertical direction, or 90 °, to receive the most sunlight.
- the constant angle is 90 degrees.
- the position of the sun becomes relatively low, and the position of the sun may cause shading between the solar light collecting plates.
- the predetermined angle may not be 90 °.
- the constant angle may be varied by the distance between the solar panels, the position of the solar panels, the size of the sunlight, weather data, and the like, but also one or more combinations forced by experimental or direct control of the user. It can be determined according to. For example, when the distance between the solar light collecting plates is wide or there are no obstacles in the surroundings, a certain angle can be set to 90 ° by reducing the possibility of generating shadows relatively. However, in the opposite case, the control is performed to eliminate or reduce the occurrence of shading by limiting the angle described below.
- the solar cell apparatus further comprises a communication unit 360 for performing wired and wireless communication with an external system.
- the altitude and azimuth of the sun may be determined by information received from an external weather observation system connected through the communication unit.
- the external weather observation system may be a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), an astronomical researcher, or another external weather related site, server, or device.
- NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- the communication unit 360 communicates with a wired / wireless communication method including an external weather observation system and the Internet to transmit and receive information.
- the photovoltaic device further comprises a storage unit 340 for storing the date, time, location and the weather data according thereto.
- the altitude and azimuth of the sun can be calculated based on the date, time, location and weather data according to the storage unit 340.
- the storage unit 340 may be set in advance the altitude and azimuth of the sun according to the date, time, location and weather data according to them. In this case, the altitude and azimuth of the sun can be read directly.
- the photovoltaic device further comprises an input / output unit for receiving a command from the outside or transmitting a current state to the outside.
- the input / output unit may be a display unit that receives a command through a screen or displays a current state through a screen. That is, a keyboard, a mouse, a keypad, a touch pad, a monitor, a light emitting diode (LED), and an LCD (generally used as input units or output units, respectively)
- a display unit such as a touch screen can be used, and commands can be made through wireless devices such as mobile phones, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), and smart phones according to communication methods. It can be configured to control or monitor.
- Figure 5 shows an example of the display unit in the photovoltaic device according to the present invention
- the screen can be largely divided into an input portion and an output portion.
- the input section sets a basic input area (A) for setting data such as date, time, latitude, longitude, installation parameter (B) in the east-west direction, and installation parameter (C) in the north-south direction.
- the output portion includes a basic output area (D) showing the elevation and azimuth of the sun, an area (E) for outputting rotation angles, control angles, etc. in the east-west direction, and rotation in the north-south direction.
- an area F for outputting an angle, a control angle, and the like.
- the rotation angle a may be calculated by Equation 1 below.
- a is elevation
- b is 180 ° azimuth
- d is the angle of rotation in the east-west direction
- f is a rotation angle in the north-south direction.
- d ' is a control angle in the east-west direction
- f' is a control angle in the north-south direction.
- the rotation angle calculation unit 310 first calculates the rotation angle (d) according to the altitude and azimuth of the sun. Equation 1 can be used simply.
- the error angle calculation unit 320 calculates the error angle (g) of each other in consideration of the installation direction and the true north direction of the solar light collecting plate including the solar cell.
- This error angle g can be calculated in various ways. That is, if the solar light collecting plate is installed in parallel to the magnetic north direction, the error angle g may be calculated using the difference angle between magnetic north and true north in the region where the solar light collecting plate is installed, that is, magnetic declination. On the other hand, if the solar light collecting plate is installed at a certain angle with the direction of the magnetic north, the error angle (g) in consideration of the angle of the solar light collecting plate and magnetic north to the difference angle between magnetic north and true north in the region where the solar light collecting plate is also installed ) Can be calculated.
- magnetic declination 7 ° 16 ' is the error angle (g).
- the error angle (g) it is also possible to calculate the error angle (g) using the difference between Dobuk, true north, and magnetic north, that is, the declination angle or the ceramic angle.
- the control angle calculation unit 330 determines the control angle d 'using a simple trigonometric method using the rotation angle d and the error angle g.
- control angle f 'in the north-south direction can also be easily calculated according to the above method. That is, the present invention can be utilized not only in the 1-axis system but also in the 2-axis system.
- FIG. 4 An operation for avoiding shadows while tracking sunlight and increasing sunlight absorption efficiency will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 4.
- the installation distance when the solar light collecting plates are installed is L1
- the distance between the solar cells when the solar cell tracks sunlight is L2
- the solar cells of each solar light collecting plate are provided.
- the horizontal length of the cut is called L3.
- the tracking limit angle for stopping the solar tracking is h
- the initial control angle for avoiding the shadow is j.
- a control operation to avoid shading is performed when j angle is larger than h angle, which can be determined as in Equations 2 and 3 below.
- the tracking limit angle h may be designated at a constant angle such as 45 °. That is, when the control angle is 45 ° to 135 °, sunlight may be tracked, and when the control angle is 45 ° or less or 135 ° or more, shading may be performed.
- the solar tracking method of the photovoltaic device according to the present invention in the photovoltaic tracking method of the photovoltaic device that absorbs and generates sunlight using one or more solar cells, Rotation angle calculation step (S200) for calculating the rotation angle to the solar cell maintains a constant angle with the sun based on the altitude and azimuth of the sun, and the error of calculating the error angle between the direction of the solar cell and true north
- the configuration of the apparatus is referred to FIG. 1.
- the control angle is greater than the tracking limit angle and less than 180 degrees-tracking limit angle
- the direction of the solar cell is changed according to the control angle (S520)
- the control angle is the tracking angle. If less than the limit angle or more than 180 degrees-tracking limit angle is characterized in that the direction of the solar cell is changed according to the shading removal mode (S530).
- the shading removal mode is a mode of rotating the solar panel light collecting plate at a predetermined control angle for a predetermined time, or by rotating at a control angle smaller than the tracking limit angle to absorb sunlight, and the absorbed sunlight If the predetermined light amount or more may be a mode for stopping the solar light collecting plate.
- the altitude and azimuth angle of the sun is determined by the information received from the external weather observation system, or calculated based on the pre-stored date, time, location and weather data according to them, Or it may be preset according to the date, time, location and weather data according to them.
- the date, time, location and weather data according to these are stored in advance (S111), and the altitude of the sun based on the stored date, time, location and weather data according to them. And azimuth angles (S112).
- the solar tracking method when installing the solar light collecting plate in advance to store and extract the altitude and azimuth of the sun based on the date, time, location and weather data according to them in advance (S120) ).
- the solar tracking method according to the present invention is connected to the external weather observation system (S131), and receives information about the altitude and azimuth of the sun from the connected external weather observation system (S132).
- the external weather observation system may be a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), an astronomical researcher, or another external weather related site, server, or device.
- NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- the device transmits and receives information by communicating with a wired or wireless communication method including an external weather observation system and the Internet.
- the position of the sun depends on the season and the time of day. Referring to FIG. 8, the altitudes of the lower liquor, the vernal equinox, the autumn equinox, and the winter solstice in the Gwangju region at 35 degrees north latitude and 126 degrees longitude can be seen.
- the predetermined angle is an angle at which the plane formed by the solar cell and the sunlight caused by the sun are perpendicular to each other, or between a sunrise time, a sunset time, and a solar light collecting plate. It may be determined according to one or more of the distance, the position of the solar light collecting plate, the size of the sunlight, weather data.
- the constant angle is adjusted to an angle such that the plane of the solar cell is perpendicular to the sunlight caused by the sun. In normal weather conditions, a single solar cell must be in the vertical direction, or 90 °, to receive the most sunlight.
- the constant angle is 90 degrees.
- the position of the sun becomes relatively low, and the position of the sun may cause shading between the solar light collecting plates.
- the predetermined angle may not be 90 °.
- the constant angle may be varied by the distance between the solar panels, the position of the solar panels, the size of the sunlight, weather data, and the like, but also one or more combinations forced by experimental or direct control of the user. It can be determined according to. For example, when the distance between the solar light collecting plates is wide or there are no obstacles in the surroundings, a certain angle can be set to 90 ° by reducing the possibility of generating shadows relatively. However, in the opposite case, the control is performed to eliminate or reduce the occurrence of shading by limiting the angle described below.
- the rotation angle a may be calculated by Equation 4 below.
- a is elevation
- b is 180 ° azimuth
- d is the angle of rotation in the east-west direction
- f is a rotation angle in the north-south direction.
- d ' is a control angle in the east-west direction
- f' is a control angle in the north-south direction.
- the rotation angle calculation unit 310 first calculates the rotation angle (d) according to the altitude and azimuth of the sun. Equation 1 may be simply used (S200).
- the error angle calculation unit 320 calculates the error angle (g) between each other in consideration of the installation direction and the true north direction of the solar light collecting plate including the solar cell (S300).
- This error angle g can be calculated in various ways. That is, if the solar light collecting plate is installed in parallel to the magnetic north direction, the error angle g may be calculated using the difference angle between magnetic north and true north in the region where the solar light collecting plate is installed, that is, magnetic declination. On the other hand, if the solar light collecting plate is installed at a certain angle with the direction of the magnetic north, the error angle (g) in consideration of the angle of the solar light collecting plate and magnetic north to the difference angle between magnetic north and true north in the region where the solar light collecting plate is also installed ) Can be calculated.
- magnetic declination 7 ° 16 ' is the error angle (g).
- the error angle (g) it is also possible to calculate the error angle (g) using the difference between Dobuk, true north, and magnetic north, that is, the declination angle or the ceramic angle.
- the control angle calculation unit 330 determines the control angle d 'using a simple trigonometric function using the rotation angle d and the error angle g (S400).
- control angle f 'in the north-south direction can also be easily calculated according to the above method. That is, the present invention can be utilized not only in the 1-axis system but also in the 2-axis system.
- FIG. 4 An operation for avoiding shadows while tracking sunlight and increasing sunlight absorption efficiency will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 4.
- the installation distance when the solar light collecting plates are installed is L1
- the distance between the solar cells when the solar cell tracks sunlight is L2
- the solar cells of each solar light collecting plate are provided.
- the horizontal length of the cut is called L3.
- the tracking limit angle for stopping the solar tracking is h
- the initial control angle for avoiding the shadow is j.
- the control operation for avoiding the shadow is made when the j angle is larger than the h angle, which can be determined as in Equations 5 and 6 below.
- the tracking limit angle h may be designated at a constant angle such as 45 °. That is, when the control angle is 45 ° to 135 °, sunlight may be tracked, and when the control angle is 45 ° or less or 135 ° or more, shading may be performed.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the solar light collecting plate of FIGS. 1 and 2
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the solar tube light collecting plate of FIG. 6.
- a solar light collecting plate, a solar panel, hereinafter, will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.
- FIG. 6 is an extension of FIG. 1, in which a solar panel having solar cells is connected to form 14 rows and to be controlled by one control device 300.
- the configuration of Figure 7 of Figure 6 can be modified as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- a solar panel is mounted to a torque tube to form a plurality of rows.
- the solar panels are arranged to form a total of 14 rows, and torque tubes are disposed under the rows of the respective solar panels.
- the motor is located in the center of the row of the solar panel. The motor generates and transmits power for rotating the torque tube to which the solar panel is fixed.
- a connecting unit for transmitting power generated by the motor is arranged to penetrate the heat of each solar panel.
- the connection unit extends from the lower portion of the torque tube to cross the central portion of the solar panel, and the respective torque tube is connected to the lever arm.
- the lever arm serves to convert the reciprocating movement of the connecting unit into the rotational movement of the torque tube.
- the connecting unit is arranged in the east-west direction.
- the control device 300 determines the control angle of the solar panel, and accordingly controls the drive unit 200 so that the solar panel 100 is arranged at a determined angle.
- the solar cell apparatus and the solar tracking method thereof according to the present invention can increase the solar absorption efficiency by adjusting the solar light collecting plate to a specific rotation angle when arranging a plurality of solar light collecting plates.
- the present invention by correcting the error according to the installation position of the solar light collecting plate having a solar cell, in particular the installation direction, and by calculating and determining the control angle accordingly, it is possible to accurately rotate the solar cell or solar light collecting plate in the desired direction. Can improve the solar absorption efficiency.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (19)
- 하나 또는 둘 이상의 솔라 셀을 구비하여 태양광을 흡수하는 하나 또는 둘 이상의 태양광 집광판;태양의 고도 및 방위각을 근거로 상기 솔라 셀이 상기 태양과 일정각을 유지하도록 상기 태양광 집광판을 회전시키는 회전각을 연산하는 회전각연산유닛;상기 태양광 집광판의 설치 방향과 진북 사이의 오차각을 연산하는 오차각연산유닛;상기 회전각 및 오차각을 근거로 제어각을 연산하는 제어각연산유닛; 및상기 제어각에 따라 상기 태양광 집광판을 회전하는 구동유닛;을 포함하고,상기 제어각연산유닛은 하나의 태양광 집광판에 다른 태양광 집광판에 음영이 발생하는지 여부를 판단하고, 상기 판단 결과 음영이 발생하면 음영 제거 모드를 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서, 상기 제어각연산유닛은,상기 제어각을 미리 설정된 추적 제한각과 비교하고, 비교 결과에 따라 상기 제어각을 상기 구동유닛으로 출력하거나, 또는 음영 제거 모드를 수행하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서, 상기 제어각연산유닛은,상기 제어각이 상기 추적 제한각보다 크고 180도-추적 제한각보다 작으면, 상기 제어각을 상기 구동유닛으로 출력하고,상기 제어각이 상기 추적 제한각 이하이거나 또는 180도-추적 제한각이상이면 음영 제거 모드를 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제1 항 내지 제3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 음영 제거 모드는,일정 시간 동안 미리 설정된 제어각으로 상기 태양판 집광판을 회전하는 모드인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제1 항 내지 제3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 음영 제거 모드는,상기 추적 제한각 보다 작은 제어각으로 회전하여 태양광을 흡수하고, 상기 흡수된 태양광이 일정 광량 이상이면 상기 태양광 집광판을 정지하는 모드인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서,외부 시스템과 유무선 통신을 수행하는 통신유닛;을 더 포함하고,상기 태양의 고도 및 방위각은,상기 통신 유닛을 통해 연결된 외부 기상 관측 시스템으로부터 수신된 정보에 의해 결정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서,일자, 시각, 위치와 이들에 따른 기상 데이터를 저장하는 저장유닛;을 더 포함하고,상기 태양의 고도 및 방위각은,상기 저장유닛에 저장된 일자, 시각, 위치와 이들에 따른 기상 데이터를 근거로 연산되는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제7 항에 있어서, 상기 저장유닛은,상기 일자, 시각, 위치와 이들에 따른 기상 데이터에 따른 태양의 고도 및 방위각이 미리 설정되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서,외부로부터 명령을 수신하거나, 외부로 현재 상태를 송신하는 입출력유닛;을 더 포함하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제9 항에 있어서, 상기 입출력유닛은,화면을 통해 명령을 수신하거나, 화면을 통해 현재 상태를 표시하는 디스플레이유닛인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서, 상기 일정각은,상기 솔라 셀이 이루는 평면과 상기 태양에 의한 태양광이 수직이 되도록 하는 각이거나, 또는 일출시간, 일몰시간, 태양광 집광판 사이의 거리, 태양광 집광판의 위치, 태양광의 크기, 기상 데이터 중 하나 또는 둘 이상의 조합에 따라 결정되는 각인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치.
- 하나 또는 둘 이상의 솔라 셀을 이용하여 태양광을 흡수하여 발전하는 태양광 발전 장치의 태양광 추적 방법에 있어서,태양의 고도 및 방위각을 근거로 상기 솔라 셀이 상기 태양과 일정각을 유지하도록 하는 회전각을 연산하는 회전각연산단계;상기 솔라 셀의 방향과 진북 사이의 오차각을 연산하는 오차각연산단계;상기 회전각 및 오차각을 근거로 제어각을 연산하는 제어각연산단계;상기 제어각과 미리 설정된 추적 제한각을 비교하는 비교단계; 및상기 비교결과를 근거로 상기 솔라 셀의 방향을 변경하는 구동단계;를 포함하는 태양광 발전 장치의 태양광 추적 방법.
- 제12 항에 있어서, 상기 구동단계는,상기 제어각이 상기 추적 제한각보다 크고 180도-추적 제한각보다 작으면, 상기 제어각에 따라 상기 솔라 셀의 방향을 변경하고,상기 제어각이 상기 추적 제한각 이하이거나 또는 180도-추적 제한각이상이면 음영 제거 모드에 따라 솔라 셀의 방향을 변경하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치의 태양광 추적 방법.
- 제12 항 또는 제13 항에 있어서, 상기 음영 제거 모드는,일정 시간 동안 미리 설정된 제어각으로 상기 태양판 집광판을 회전하는 모드인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치의 태양광 추적 방법.
- 제12 항 또는 제13 항에 있어서, 상기 음영 제거 모드는,상기 추적 제한각 보다 작은 제어각으로 회전하여 태양광을 흡수하고, 상기 흡수된 태양광이 일정 광량 이상이면 상기 태양광 집광판을 정지하는 모드인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치의 태양광 추적 방법.
- 제12 항에 있어서, 상기 태양의 고도 및 방위각은,외부 기상 관측 시스템으로부터 수신된 정보에 의해 결정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치의 태양광 추적 방법.
- 제12 항에 있어서, 상기 태양의 고도 및 방위각은,미리 저장된 일자, 시각, 위치와 이들에 따른 기상 데이터를 근거로 연산되는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치의 태양광 추적 방법.
- 제12 항에 있어서, 상기 태양의 고도 및 방위각은,일자, 시각, 위치와 이들에 따른 기상 데이터에 따라 미리 설정되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치의 태양광 추적 방법.
- 제12 항에 있어서, 상기 일정각은,상기 솔라 셀이 이루는 평면과 상기 태양에 의한 태양광이 수직이 되도록 하는 각이거나, 또는 일출시간, 일몰시간, 태양광 집광판 사이의 거리, 태양광 집광판의 위치, 태양광의 크기, 기상 데이터 중 하나 또는 둘 이상의 조합에 따라 결정되는 각인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양광 발전 장치의 태양광 추적 방법.
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CA2766986A CA2766986A1 (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-07-09 | Solar power generating apparatus and its tracking method |
US13/380,714 US8878112B2 (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-07-09 | Solar power generating apparatus and solar tracking method |
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KR1020090058215A KR101195740B1 (ko) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-06-29 | 태양광 발전 장치 및 그의 태양광 추적 방법 |
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CN107491104A (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-19 | 大连派思透平动力科技有限公司 | 一种定日镜定日方法 |
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KR101889374B1 (ko) | 2016-11-22 | 2018-08-20 | 한국건설기술연구원 | 태양광 패널 지지구조체를 이용한 태양광 발전량 예측 방법 |
US11855581B2 (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2023-12-26 | Polar Racking Inc. | Solar panel support and drive system |
US11283395B2 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2022-03-22 | Nextracker Inc. | Multiple actuator system for solar tracker |
US11387771B2 (en) | 2018-06-07 | 2022-07-12 | Nextracker Llc | Helical actuator system for solar tracker |
US11050383B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2021-06-29 | Nextracker Inc | Radial cam helix with 0 degree stow for solar tracker |
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Also Published As
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US20130098445A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
US8878112B2 (en) | 2014-11-04 |
KR101195740B1 (ko) | 2012-11-01 |
KR20110000898A (ko) | 2011-01-06 |
CA2766986A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
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