WO2011000235A1 - 基于lte系统下行发射分集模式的数据解调方法和解调装置 - Google Patents

基于lte系统下行发射分集模式的数据解调方法和解调装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011000235A1
WO2011000235A1 PCT/CN2010/071755 CN2010071755W WO2011000235A1 WO 2011000235 A1 WO2011000235 A1 WO 2011000235A1 CN 2010071755 W CN2010071755 W CN 2010071755W WO 2011000235 A1 WO2011000235 A1 WO 2011000235A1
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data
demodulated
group
sets
demodulation
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PCT/CN2010/071755
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李斌
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to JP2012516488A priority Critical patent/JP5599877B2/ja
Priority to US13/148,095 priority patent/US8654667B2/en
Publication of WO2011000235A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011000235A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0689Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using different transmission schemes, at least one of them being a diversity transmission scheme
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0606Space-frequency coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an LTE (Long-Term Evolution) system, or, in particular, to a data demodulation method and demodulation based on a downlink transmit diversity mode of an LTE system.
  • LTE Long-Term Evolution
  • Device. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Current wireless communication technologies are facing some limitations, such as limited bandwidth and transmission power, Doppler effect caused by higher moving speed of the user terminal, multi-channel effects, signal attenuation, and multipath effects.
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • MIMO The basic idea of MIMO is to use multiple antennas for transmitting, receiving, or transmitting and receiving dual-end, and utilize space-time processing technology to fully utilize the independent fading characteristics between channels to improve spectrum utilization, communication quality, and system capacity.
  • Space-time coding is the basis of the MIMO system.
  • the space-time coding technique uses the orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal characteristics existing between the null i or the time i or, according to a design criterion, the coding redundancy information is mapped as evenly as possible to space and time.
  • the two-dimensional plane reduces the effects of spatially selective fading and time-selective fading caused by wireless multipath propagation, thereby achieving high-reliability high-speed data transmission in the wireless channel.
  • Alamouti proposed a STBC (Space Time Block Coding) based on two transmit antennas. Because it can greatly improve the quality of the receive link under fading channels, it is simple to implement and complex for receiver decoding. It is adopted by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) 802.16. However, in the Alamouti coding scheme, it is assumed that the channel remains unchanged in the first two times, so that in the fading environment, SFBC (Space Frequency Block Coding) can only guarantee its performance in a low-speed fading environment.
  • STBC Space Time Block Coding
  • FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b are schematic block diagrams of diversity transmission methods in an LTE wireless communication system in a two-port and four-port case, respectively. Obtained with two transmit antennas without sacrificing data rate In the case of diversity gain, when the transmit diversity mode is used by four transmit ports, 2N subcarriers are required for N symbols, resulting in a reduction in data rate.
  • the protocol specifies a downlink transmit diversity scheme based on SFBC + FSTD (Frequency Switched Transmit Diversity) on the four-port. Therefore, if the traditional two-port demodulation method is directly applied to the four-port mode, performance loss will result; if the method of directly inverting the coding matrix is used, the complexity of the downlink demodulation algorithm will rise sharply. . Therefore, a new solution needs to be proposed to overcome the deficiencies in the related art.
  • SFBC + FSTD Frequency Switched Transmit Diversity
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a data demodulation method and a demodulation apparatus based on a downlink transmit diversity mode of an LTE system, and in particular to provide a SFBC + FSTD based transmit diversity algorithm for downlink downlink in an LTE communication system.
  • the receiving end demodulation algorithm scheme enables the LTE communication system to ensure full-rate transmission of data in the multi-port transmit diversity mode and to ensure corresponding diversity gain.
  • a data demodulation method based on a downlink transmit diversity mode of an LTE system is provided.
  • the method includes the following steps: performing channel estimation on a downlink channel by using a cell reference signal to obtain a channel estimation value;
  • the number of antennas on the receiving end and the receiving end divides the received data on each subcarrier based on the transmit diversity mode of each receiving antenna into multiple sets of received data; for each of the multiple sets of received data, respectively, according to the two port transmitting single port receiving Demodulation algorithm performs independent demodulation to obtain a corresponding set of demodulated data; and for a plurality of sets of demodulated data corresponding to the same transmitted data, the plurality of groups are determined according to channel conditions corresponding to each group of the plurality of sets of demodulated data The demodulated data is combined at a maximum ratio to obtain a demodulated final data value corresponding to the same transmitted data.
  • the maximum ratio combining operation is performed by the following formula:
  • [? . ⁇ denotes the demodulated final data value corresponding to the same transmitted data
  • dividing the received data on the transmit diversity mode-based subcarriers of each receive antenna into multiple sets of received data includes: grouping data of two adjacent subcarriers of the same receive antenna into a group, and dividing into groups, wherein , N, M are the number of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end, respectively.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of each set of demodulated data is determined by the following formula:
  • / ⁇ and h 2l are channel estimation values of the first transmitting port and the second transmitting port in the same group to the first receiving port, respectively, ⁇ 2 is the interference noise power, and the ⁇ 2 of each group is set to be the same .
  • a data demodulating apparatus based on a downlink transmit diversity mode of an LTE system
  • the apparatus comprising: a channel estimating unit, configured to perform channel estimation on a downlink channel by using a cell reference signal; And dividing, according to the number of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end, the received data on each subcarrier of each receiving antenna based on the transmit diversity mode into multiple sets of received data; an independent demodulating unit, configured for each of the multiple sets of received data
  • the group is independently demodulated according to a demodulation algorithm of the two-port transmitting single port receiving, to obtain a corresponding set of demodulated data; and a demodulation final data value setting unit is used for demodulating data corresponding to the same transmitting data.
  • the demodulation final data value setting unit performs a maximum ratio combining operation by the following formula:
  • the signal-to-noise ratio measurement unit determines the signal-to-noise ratio SINR of each set of demodulated data by the following formula: Wherein, / ⁇ and h 2 are channel estimation values of the first transmitting port and the second transmitting port in the same group to the first receiving port, respectively, ⁇ 2 is the interference noise power, and the ⁇ 2 of each group is set to be the same.
  • the receiving end demodulation method and the demodulating apparatus in the downlink mode of the downlink transmit diversity mode of the LTE system provided by the present invention first perform channel estimation on the downlink channel by using the cell reference signal, and then according to the number of antennas at the transmitting end of the receiving end, Receive data packets on each subcarrier of the receiving antenna, and receive data in each group obtains demodulated data by using a two-port decoding method. Next, it is preferable to use the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio of each group to perform maximum ratio on each group of demodulated data. Merging, so that the LTE communication system can utilize the space diversity technology to improve the performance of the system while ensuring the system transmission rate.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 1b are respectively schematic block diagrams of a diversity transmission method in a two-port and four-port case in an LTE wireless communication system according to the related art
  • FIG. 2 is an LTE-based system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 is a flowchart of a specific implementation of a demodulation method in a downlink transmit diversity mode in an LTE system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 1b are respectively schematic block diagrams of a diversity transmission method in a two-port and four-port case in an LTE wireless communication system according to the related art
  • FIG. 2 is an LTE-based system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 is a flowchart of a specific implementation of a demodulation method in a downlink transmit diversity mode in an LTE system according to a
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a demodulation device in a downlink transmit diversity mode based on an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a preferred structure of a demodulation apparatus in a downlink transmit diversity mode in an LTE system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a demodulation method in a downlink transmit diversity mode based on an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the demodulation method includes the following steps: Step S202: Perform channel estimation on a downlink channel by using a cell reference signal.
  • Step S204 dividing the received data on each subcarrier of each receiving antenna into multiple sets of received data according to the number of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end; Step S206, for each group of the multiple sets of received data Performing independent demodulation according to the demodulation algorithm of the two-port transmitting single port receiving, respectively, to obtain a corresponding set of demodulated data; Step S208, for the multiple sets of demodulated data corresponding to the same transmitted data, according to the multiple sets of solutions
  • the channel conditions corresponding to each group in the modulated data combine the plurality of sets of demodulated data at a maximum ratio to obtain a demodulated final data value corresponding to the same transmitted data.
  • the channel is first estimated by using the cell reference signal, and then the received data on each subcarrier of each receiving antenna is grouped according to the number of transmitting antennas at the receiving end, and the received data in each group is obtained by using a two-port decoding method. Demodulating the data, and then preferably using the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio of each group to combine the demodulated data according to the maximum ratio, so that the LTE communication system can improve the performance of the system by using the spatial diversity technology on the basis of ensuring the system transmission rate. .
  • Step S301 Each receiving antenna calculates a channel estimation value at the location by using the received data and the known cell reference signal at a fixed RE (Resource Element) location, where the RE location is transmitted by each transmitting antenna.
  • RE Resource Element
  • Step S302 according to the result of the previous step, using an interpolation algorithm to obtain channel estimation values on all downlink REs, where the interpolation algorithm includes but is not limited to a linear interpolation algorithm.
  • Step S304 The received data on each subcarrier based on the transmit diversity mode of each receive antenna is divided into group received data according to the principle that the data of two adjacent subcarriers of the same receiving antenna is a group.
  • Step S305 Perform independent demodulation on each of the plurality of sets of received data according to the SFBC demodulation algorithm received by the two-port transmitting single port to obtain a corresponding set of demodulated data.
  • each group of received data is separately demodulated.
  • the demodulation algorithm used in each group of received data is as follows: Assume that any group of received data after grouping in step S304 is [r. r , the corresponding transmitted data is [S. S, the data encoded by the transmitting end diversity module is in the form of a matrix
  • each column represents the data symbol mapped on each antenna port on the same RE
  • each row represents the data symbol mapped on each RE on the same port
  • [ ] represents the transpose operation of the matrix
  • the obtained signal-to-noise ratio depends on the channel power level of the corresponding sub-carrier and the interference noise power.
  • the measurement algorithm for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio includes, but is not limited to, the method of determining the signal-to-noise ratio according to the amplitude of the channel estimation value in the group, assuming that the power of the interference noise in each group is the same, as follows:
  • Step S307 For multiple sets of demodulated data corresponding to the same transmitted data, the multiple sets of demodulated data are directly combined and combined according to the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each group, and the same transmitted data is obtained. Corresponding demodulation final data value, specific criteria;
  • the demodulation apparatus includes: a channel estimation unit 10, performing channel estimation on a downlink channel by using a cell reference signal; and a data grouping unit 20, The received data on each subcarrier based on the transmit diversity mode of each receive antenna is grouped according to the number of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end to obtain a plurality of sets of received data; the independent demodulating unit 30 is connected to the channel estimating unit 10 and the data packet unit 20 For each of the plurality of sets of received data received from the data packet unit 20, performing independent demodulation according to a demodulation algorithm of the two-port transmit single port, to obtain a corresponding set of demodulated data; The demodulation final data value setting unit 50 is connected to the independent demodulation unit 30 and the channel estimation unit 10, and for each group of demodulated data corresponding to the same transmission data, according to each group of the plurality of sets of demodulated data.
  • the channel is first estimated by using the cell reference signal, and then the received data on each subcarrier of each receiving antenna is grouped according to the number of transmitting antennas at the receiving end, and the received data in each group is obtained by using a two-port decoding method. Demodulating the data, and then preferably using the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio of each group to combine the demodulated data according to the maximum ratio, so that the LTE communication system can improve the performance of the system by using the spatial diversity technology on the basis of ensuring the system transmission rate.
  • . 5 is a block diagram showing a preferred structure of a demodulation apparatus in a downlink transmit diversity mode in an LTE system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • the block diagram is basically the same as the block diagram shown in FIG.
  • a signal-to-noise ratio measuring unit 40 which is connected between the channel ratio estimating unit 10 and the demodulated final data value setting unit 50, and measures the signal-to-noise ratio of each group of demodulated data.
  • the demodulation final data value setting unit 50 compares the signal-to-noise ratio 57N corresponding to each group of demodulated data measured by the signal-to-noise ratio measurement unit, and combines the plurality of sets of demodulated data according to a maximum ratio to obtain the same transmission data.
  • Corresponding demodulated final data values, wherein the maximum ratio combining operation is performed by the following formula:
  • the number of antennas of the data packet unit 20 at the receiving end and the transmitting end determines the number of groups and according to the same receiving antenna phase
  • the signal-to-noise ratio measuring unit 40 sets the same power of the interference noise in each group, thereby determining the signal-to-noise ratio according to the magnitude of the channel estimation value in each group.
  • the data demodulation method and apparatus based on the downlink transmit diversity mode of the LTE system proposed by the present invention ensure system performance of the diversity diversity algorithm in various antenna configurations, and can reduce cost and device complexity in specific applications. , very conducive to engineering implementation.
  • the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种基于LTE系统下行发射分集模式的接收端解调方法和解调装置。该方法包括:根据发射端和接收端的天线数目将各接收天线基于发射分集模式的子载波上的接收数据分为多组接收数据;对于该多组接收数据中的每组,分别根据两端口发射单端口接收的解调算法进行独立解调,得到对应的一组解调数据;对于与同一发射数据所对应的多组解调数据,根据其中每组的信道情况将该多组解调数据进行最大比合并,得到对应的解调最终数据值。本发明的解调方法和解调装置在各种天线配置情况下保证采用分集算法的系统性能,并且在具体应用中可以降低成本和设备复杂度,非常利于工程实现。

Description

基于 LTE系统下行发射分集模式
的凄 t据解调方法和解调装置 技术领域 本发明涉及 LTE ( Long-Term Evolution, 长期演进) 系统领 i或, 尤其涉 及一种基于 LTE系统下行发射分集模式的数据解调方法和解调装置。 背景技术 当前无线通信技术正在面临一些限制, 例如, 有限的带宽与发射功率、 用户端更高的移动速度带来的多普勒效应、千 4尤、信号衰减以及多径效应等。 随着研究的进一步深入和发展, 未来移动通信宽带无线移动和无线接入融合 系统成为当前热门的研究课题, 而 MIMO ( Multiple Input Multiple Output, 多路输入多路输出) 系统是人们研究的热点之一。 MIMO的基本思想是在发 射、 接收或收发双端釆用多个天线, 通过空时处理技术, 充分利用信道之间 的独立衰落特性, 提高频谱利用率、 通信质量和系统容量。 空时编码是 MIMO 系统的基础, 空时编码技术利用存在于空 i或与时 i或 之间的正交或准正交特性, 按照某种设计准则, 把编码冗余信息尽量均匀映 射到时空二维平面, 以减弱无线多径传播所引起的空间选择性衰落及时间选 择性衰落的影响, 从而实现无线信道中高可靠性的高速数据传输。 Alamouti 于 1998年提出一种基于两根发射天线的 STBC ( Space Time Block Coding, 空时块码),由于其在衰落信道下可以大大提高接收链路的质量,且实现简单、 接收机译码复杂度氐, 因而被 3GPP ( 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 第 三代合作伙伴计划 )和 IEEE ( Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers, 电气和电子工程师协会 ) 802.16等协议釆纳。 但在 Alamouti编码方案中要求 假定在前后两个时刻中信道保持不变, 从而在衰落环境中, SFBC ( Space Frequency Block Coding , 空频块码)相比于只能在低速衰落环境下才能保证 其性能的 STBC更为稳定, 而且 SFBC这种应用于相邻子信道或相邻载波的 多载波技术更适合应用在基于 OFDM ( Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, 正交频分复用)技术的 LTE多载波调制系统中。 图 la和图 lb分别为两端口及四端口情况下 LTE无线通信系统中的分 集发射方法的原理框图。 与釆用两根发射天线在不牺牲数据率的基础上获得 分集增益的情况不同, 通过四个发射端口釆用发射分集模式时对于 N个码元 需要 2N个子载波, 从而导致数据率的降低。 为了在 LTE系统中发射分集模 式下通过多端口实现全速率发射, 协议规定在四端口时釆用基于 SFBC + FSTD ( Frequency Switched Transmit Diversity, 频率切换分集) 的下行发射 分集方案。 所以, 如果将传统的基于两端口下的解调方法直接应用于四端口 模式下, 会导致性能损失; 而如果利用直接对编码矩阵求逆的方法会导致下 行解调算法的复杂度急剧升高。 因此, 需要提出一种新的解决方案, 以克服相关技术中的缺陷。 发明内容 本发明的目的是提供一种基于 LTE 系统下行发射分集模式的数据解调 方法和解调装置,具体地,提供一种针对 LTE通信系统中下行釆用基于 SFBC + FSTD的发射分集算法的接收端解调算法方案, 从而使得 LTE通信系统在 多端口的发射分集模式中能够保证全速率发射数据, 并且保证相应的分集增 益。 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种基于 LTE 系统下行发射分集模式 的数据解调方法, 该方法包括以下步 4聚: 利用小区参考信号对下行信道进行信道估计, 得到信道估计值; 根据发射端和接收端的天线数目将各接收天线的基于发射分集模式的 各子载波上的接收数据分为多组接收数据; 对于该多组接收数据中的每组,分别根据两端口发射单端口接收的解调 算法进行独立解调, 得到对应的一组解调数据; 对于对应于同一发射数据的多组解调数据,根据该多组解调数据中的每 组所对应的信道情况将该多组解调数据按最大比合并, 得到与该同一发射数 据所对应的解调最终数据值。 优选地, 对于对应于同一发射数据的多组解调数据,才艮据每组所对应的 信道情况, 将该多组解调数据按最大比合并包括: 根据下行信道的信道估计值, 测量每组解调数据的信千噪比 57N , 其 中, i = U , 为多组接收数据的组数; 才艮据每组解调数据所对应的信千噪比 , 将该多组解调数据按最大 比合并, 得到与同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值。 优选地, 通过如下公式进行按最大比合并操作: ,
Figure imgf000005_0001
其中, 4 , ,分别表示第 i、 j组的最大比合并系数, i,j = l, " ' ,K , 并且 得到的与同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值满足: 〜 〜! 〜
s0 ¾Ι s ,
Figure imgf000005_0002
其中, [?。 Γ表示与同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值, 而
[ 。 ]表示第 i组解调数据。 优选地,将各接收天线的基于发射分集模式的子载波上的接收数据分为 多组接收数据包括: 将同一接收天线的相邻的两个子载波的数据分为一组, 共分成 组, 其 中, N、 M分别为发射端和接收端的天线数目。
Figure imgf000005_0003
优选地, 通过如下公式确定每组解调数据的信千噪比 :
+
SINR,
2 其中, /^和 h2l分别为同一组内第一发射端口和第二发射端口到第一接 收端口的信道估计值, σ2为千扰噪声功率, 且设定每组的 σ2相同。 根据本发明的另一方面, 提供了一种基于 LTE 系统下行发射分集模式 的数据解调装置, 该装置包括: 信道估计单元, 用于利用小区参考信号对下行信道进行信道估计; 数据分组单元,用于根据发射端和接收端的天线数目将各接收天线的基 于发射分集模式的各子载波上的接收数据分为多组接收数据; 独立解调单元, 用于对于该多组接收数据中的每组, 分别根据两端口发 射单端口接收的解调算法进行独立解调, 得到对应的一组解调数据; 解调最终数据值设置单元 ,用于对于与同一发射数据对应的多组解调数 据, 根据该多组解调数据中的每一组所对应的信道情况, 得到与该同一发射 数据对应的解调最终数据值。 优选地, 还包括信千噪比测量单元, 用于 居信道估计单元测得的下行 信道的信道估计值测量每组解调数据的信千噪比 57N , 其中, i = l ,K , K 为多组接收数据的组数, 并且, 其中, 对于对应于同一发射数据的多组解调数据 ,该解调最终数据值设置单元 才艮据由信千噪比测量单元测量的每组解调数据所对应的信千噪比 ,将该 多组解调数据按最大比合并, 得到与同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值。 优选地, 解调最终数据值设置单元通过如下公式进行最大比合并操作:
K
∑ · =ι ,
A A^ SINR. /SINRj 其中, 4 , ,分别表示第 i、 j组的最大比合并系数, i, j = l, " ',K , 并且 得到的与同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值满足:
Figure imgf000006_0001
表示与同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值, 而 [sl 0 S l ]表示第 i组解调数据。 优选地,数据分组单元将各接收天线的基于发射分集模式的子载波上的 接收数据分为多组接收数据包括: 将同一接收天线的相邻的两个子载波的数据分为一组, 共分成 组, 其 中, Κ = Μ1, Ν、 Μ分别为发射端和接收端的天线数目。
2 优选地,信千噪比测量单元通过如下公式确定每组解调数据的信千噪比 SINR,:
Figure imgf000007_0001
其中, /^和 h2、分别为同一组内第一发射端口和第二发射端口到第一接 收端口的信道估计值, σ2为千扰噪声功率, 且设定每组的 σ2相同。 本发明所提供的在 LTE 系统下行发射分集模式多端口情况中的接收端 解调方法和解调装置,通过首先利用小区参考信号对下行信道进行信道估计, 进而根据接收端发射端天线数目将各接收天线的各子载波上的接收数据分 组, 各组内接收数据利用两端口译码方法获得解调数据, 接下来优选利用各 组对应的信千噪比对各组解调数据进行按最大比合并,从而使得 LTE通信系 统能在保证系统传输速率的基础上利用空间分集技术提高系统的性能。 附图说明 附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与本 发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明, 其中, 这些实施例并不构成对本发明的 限制。 在附图中: 图 la和图 lb分别为才艮据相关技术的 LTE无线通信系统中的两端口及 四端口情况下分集发射方法的原理框图; 图 2为根据本发明实施例的基于 LTE系统下行发射分集模式下的解调 方法的具体实施流程图; 图 3为根据本发明优选实施例的 LTE系统中下行发射分集模式下的解 调方法的具体实施流程图; 图 4为根据本发明实施例的基于 LTE系统下行发射分集模式下的解调 装置的结构框图; 图 5为根据本发明优选实施例的 LTE系统中下行发射分集模式下的解 调装置的优选结构框图。 具体实施方式 以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明, 应当理解, 此处所描述 的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。 图 2示出了根据本发明实施例的基于 LTE系统下行发射分集模式下的 解调方法的流程图, 该解调方法包括以下步 4聚: 步骤 S202 , 利用小区参考信号对下行信道进行信道估计, 得到信道估 计值; 步骤 S204 , 根据发射端和接收端的天线数目将各接收天线的各子载波 上的接收数据分为多组接收数据; 步骤 S206 , 对于该多组接收数据中的每一组, 分别根据两端口发射单 端口接收的解调算法进行独立解调, 得到对应的一组解调数据; 步骤 S208 , 对于与同一发射数据对应的多组解调数据, 才艮据该多组解 调数据中的每一组所对应的信道情况将该多组解调数据按最大比合并, 得到 与该同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值。 该实施例通过首先利用小区参考信号对下行信道进行信道估计,进而根 据接收端发射端天线数目将各接收天线的各子载波上的接收数据分组, 各组 内接收数据利用两端口译码方法获得解调数据, 接下来优选利用各组对应的 信千噪比对各组解调数据进行按最大比合并,从而使得 LTE通信系统能在保 证系统传输速率的基础上利用空间分集技术提高系统的性能。 图 3示出了根据本发明优选实施例的 LTE系统中下行发射分集模式下 的解调方法的具体实施流程图, 该解调方法包括以下步 4聚: 步骤 S301 , 各接收天线在固定的 RE ( Resource Element, 资源块) 位 置上, 利用接收数据和已知的小区参考信号计算该位置上的信道估计值, 其 中, 该 RE位置为各发射天线所发射小区参考信号所在时频位置, 并且, 其 中计算方法包括但不限于 LS算法。 步骤 S302 ,根据上一步骤的结果, 利用插值算法得到下行所有 RE上的 信道估计值, 其中插值算法包括但不限于线性插值算法。 步骤 S303 , 根据接收端和发射端的天线数目确定组数 Κ , Κ =Μ ·—,
2 其中 N、 Μ分别为发射端和接收端的天线数目。 步骤 S304, 根据同一接收天线相邻两个子载波的数据为一组的原则将 各接收天线的基于发射分集模式的各子载波上的接收数据分为 组接收数 据。 步骤 S305, 对于该多组接收数据中的每一组, 根据两端口发射单端口 接收的 SFBC解调算法进行独立解调, 得到对应的一组解调数据。 在该实施例中, 对每组接收数据分别进行独立解调, 具体地, 每组接收 数据中所釆用的解调算法如下所示: 假设步骤 S304中得到分组后的任意一组接收数据为 [r。 r , 对应的发 射数据为 [S。 S , 则经发射端发射分集模块编码后的数据为矩阵形式
1
, 其中每列表示同一个 RE 上的每个天线端口上所映射的数据 符号, 每行表示同一个端口上的每个 RE上所映射的数据符号, 其中, [ ] 表 示矩阵的转置运算。 则接收端解调数据估计为:
Figure imgf000009_0001
其中, /¾.表示该组内发射端口 ( = 1,.. ',N )到接收端口 j ( = 1, · · ·, ) 的信道估计值, 表示取复数 h„的模值。 τ
由此, 共得到 组解调数据 。 步骤 S306, 测量每组解调数据的信千噪比 57 ¾, 其中, i = U , 具体地, 所得信千噪比 取决于对应子载波的信道功率大小以及千 扰噪声功率。 计算信千噪比的测量算法包括但不限于本例所述假定各组内千 扰噪声功率相同, 根据组内信道估计值幅度大小确定信千噪比的方法, 具体 如下:
, II2 + ||Λ91
SINR, =^ ~
2σ 其中, /^和 h21分别为同一组内第一发射端口和第二发射端口到第一接 收端口的信道估计值, σ2为千扰噪声功率大小。 步骤 S307, 对于与同一发射数据所对应的多组解调数据, 才艮据其中的 每一组所对应的信千噪比将该多组解调数据进行最大比合并, 得到与同一发 射数据所对应的解调最终数据值, 具体准则;;口下:
1 ) 在发射端为两端口情况下: 所有 Κ=Μ组解调数据均对应同一发射数据 [S。 S , 因此各组的最大 比合并系数 4 (其中, = 1,..·,Μ ) 可根据下式得到:
Κ
Figure imgf000010_0001
中, i,j = \,---,K。 由此, 所得解调最终数据值为: 〜 〜! 〜
s0 ¾Ι
Figure imgf000011_0001
s 。
2) 在发射端为四端口情况下: 所有 = 2Μ组解调数据中, 第一单元 Μ组解调数据对应发射数据 [S。 S , 另外第二单元 M组解调数据对应发射数据 [S2 S , 因此各单元中 各组的最大比合并系数 w (其中, p = 0或 1, / = 1,···, , JLp为 0和 1时 分别对应于第一单元 M组解调数据和第二单元 M组解调数据)可 居下式得 到:
M
Figure imgf000011_0002
其中, p = 0或 1, 且 , = 1,"-, 。 由此, 所得解调最终数据值为:
Figure imgf000011_0003
图 4 为根据本发明实施例的基于下行发射分集模式下的解调装置的结 构框图, 该解调装置包括: 信道估计单元 10, 利用小区参考信号对下行信道进行信道估计; 数据分组单元 20, 根据发射端和接收端的天线数目将各接收天线的基 于发射分集模式的各子载波上的接收数据分组, 得到多组接收数据; 独立解调单元 30, 连接于信道估计单元 10和数据分组单元 20, 对于接 收自该数据分组单元 20 的多组接收数据中的每一组, 根据两端口发射单端 口接收的解调算法进行独立解调, 得到对应的一组解调数据; 解调最终数据值设置单元 50, 连接于独立解调单元 30和信道估计单元 10, 对于与同一发射数据对应的多组解调数据, 才艮据该多组解调数据中的每 一组所对应的信道情况将该多组解调数据按最大比合并, 得到与同一发射数 据所对应的解调最终数据值。 该实施例通过首先利用小区参考信号对下行信道进行信道估计,进而根 据接收端发射端天线数目将各接收天线的各子载波上的接收数据分组, 各组 内接收数据利用两端口译码方法获得解调数据, 接下来优选利用各组对应的 信千噪比对各组解调数据进行按最大比合并,从而使得 LTE通信系统能在保 证系统传输速率的基础上利用空间分集技术提高系统的性能。 图 5为根据本发明优选实施例的 LTE系统中下行发射分集模式下的解 调装置的优选结构框图, 如图 5所示, 该结构框图与图 4所示结构框图基本 相同, 不同之处在于, 还包括信千噪比测量单元 40, 其连接于信道比估计单 元 10 与解调最终数据值设置单元 50 之间, 测量各组解调数据的信千噪比
SINR^ U 。 优选地, 解调最终数据值设置单元 50 居信千噪比测量单元测量的每 组解调数据所对应的信千噪比 57N , 将多组解调数据按最大比合并, 得到与 同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值, 其中, 按最大比合并操作通过如下公 式进行:
K
∑ =ι ,
A A^ SINR. /SINRj 其中, 4 , ,表示第 i、 j组的最大比合并系数, i, j = l, ' " ,K , 由 此 得 到 与 同 一 发 射 数 据 对 应 的 解 调 最 终 数 据 值 [¾ ¾Γ =∑ · [¾ο s , 其中, [ 。 表示第 i组解调数据。 在该实施例中, 优选地, 数据分组单元 20 居接收端和发射端的天线 数目确定组数 并根据同一接收天线相邻两个子载波的数据为一组的原则将 接收到的数据分为 组接收数据, 其中, Κ = Μ . , Ν、 Μ分别表示发射
2
端和接收端的天线数目。 并且, 在图 5所示实施例中, 优选地, 信千噪比测量单元 40设定各组 内千扰噪声功率相同, 从而根据各组内信道估计值幅度大小来确定信千噪比
SINR,。 总之, 本发明所提出的基于 LTE 系统下行发射分集模式下的数据解调 方法和装置在各种天线配置情况下保证釆用分集算法的系统性能, 并且在具 体应用中可以降低成本和设备复杂度, 非常利于工程实现。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本 领域的技术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的 ^"神和 原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护 范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种基于 LTE系统下行发射分集模式的数据解调方法, 其特征在于, 包 括:
利用小区参考信号对下行信道进行信道估计, 得到信道估计值; 根据发射端和接收端的天线数目,将各接收天线的基于发射分集模 式的子载波上的接收数据分为多组接收数据;
对于所述多组接收数据中的每组接收数据 ,分别使用两端口发射单 端口接收的解调算法进行独立解调, 得到对应的一组解调数据;
对于对应于同一发射数据的多组解调数据 ,才艮据每组所对应的信道 情况, 将所述多组解调数据按最大比合并, 得到与所述同一发射数据对 应的解调最终数据值。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 对于对应于同一发射数据的 多组解调数据, 才艮据每组所对应的信道情况, 将所述多组解调数据按最 大比合并包括:
根据下行信道的信道估计值, 测量每组解调数据的信千噪比 57N , 其中, i = l ,K , 为所述多组接收数据的组数; 才艮据每组解调数据所对应的信千噪比 , 将所述多组解调数据 按最大比合并, 得到与所述同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 通过如下公式进行所述按最 大比合并操作:
K
∑ = ι ,
A A^ SINR. /SINRj 其中, 4 , ,分别表示第 i、 j组的最大比合并系数, i, j = l, ' ",K , 并且得到的与所述同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值满足:
〜 〜! K 「〜 〜
So ¾Ι =∑ ·ί¾ο
;=1 s , 其中, |¾ ]"表示与所述同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值, 而 [ 。 ί表示第 i组解调数据。 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 将各接收天线的基于发射分 集模式的子载波上的接收数据分为多组接收数据包括:
将同一接收天线的相邻的两个所述子载波的数据分为一组,共分成
^组, 其中, K = M1 , N、 M分别为发射端和接收端的天线数目。
2 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 通过如下公式确定每组 解调数据的信千噪比 :
Figure imgf000015_0001
其中, hu和 h21分别为同一组内第一发射端口和第二发射端口到第 一接收端口的信道估计值, σ2为千扰噪声功率, 且设定每组的 σ2相同, I I表示取模值运算。 一种基于 LTE系统下行发射分集模式的数据解调装置, 其特征在于, 包 括:
信道估计单元, 用于利用小区参考信号对下行信道进行信道估计, 得到信道估计值;
数据分组单元,用于根据发射端和接收端的天线数目将各接收天线 的基于发射分集模式的子载波上的接收数据分为多组接收数据;
独立解调单元, 用于对于所述多组接收数据中的每组接收数据, 分 别使用两端口发射单端口接收的解调算法进行独立解调, 得到对应的一 组解调数据;
解调最终数据值设置单元 ,用于对于与同一发射数据对应的多组解 调数据, 才艮据其中的每组所对应的信道情况, 将所述多组解调数据按最 大比合并, 得到与所述同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值。 根据权利要求 6所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括信千噪比测量单元, 用于根据所述信道估计单元测得的下行信道的信道估计值测量每组解调 数据的信千噪比 57N , 其中, i = \ ",K , ^为多组接收数据的组数, 并 且, 其中,
对于对应于同一发射数据的多组解调数据,所述解调最终数据值设 置单元才艮据由所述信千噪比测量单元测量的每组解调数据所对应的信千 噪比 , 将所述多组解调数据按最大比合并, 得到与所述同一发射数 据对应的解调最终数据值。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述解调最终数据值设置单 元通过如下公式进行所述最大比合并操作:
Figure imgf000016_0001
其中, A , ,分别表示第 i、 j组的最大比合并系数, i, j = l,"',K , 并且得到的与所述同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值满足:
〜 〜! 「〜 〜
s0 ¾Ι
Figure imgf000016_0002
·ί¾ο s , 其中, [?。 ]"表示与所述同一发射数据对应的解调最终数据值, 而 [ 。 ί表示第 i组解调数据。
9. 根据权利要求 6所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述数据分组单元将各接收 天线的基于发射分集模式的子载波上的接收数据分为多组接收数据包 括:
将同一接收天线的相邻的两个所述子载波的数据分为一组,共分成
, N、 M分别为发射端和接收端的天线数目。
Figure imgf000016_0003
10. 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述信千噪比测量单元 通过如下公式确定每组解调数据的信千噪比 :
Figure imgf000016_0004
其中, 和 h2、分别为同一组内第一发射端口和第二发射端口到第 一接收端口的信道估计值, σ2为千扰噪声功率, 且设定每组的 σ2相同,
1 1表示取模值运算。
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