WO2010133170A1 - 阀驱动装置 - Google Patents

阀驱动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010133170A1
WO2010133170A1 PCT/CN2010/072986 CN2010072986W WO2010133170A1 WO 2010133170 A1 WO2010133170 A1 WO 2010133170A1 CN 2010072986 W CN2010072986 W CN 2010072986W WO 2010133170 A1 WO2010133170 A1 WO 2010133170A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rocker arm
cam
working
curved surface
support
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/072986
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨鲁川
Original Assignee
Yang Luchuan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yang Luchuan filed Critical Yang Luchuan
Publication of WO2010133170A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010133170A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0021—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F01L1/182—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L2001/188—Fulcrums at upper surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a driving device, and more particularly to an opening and closing driving device for an intake and exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine. Background technique
  • a rocker arm for forcibly controlling a valve device is disclosed in the European patent EP 1 672 183 A1. Wherein one end of the rocker arm is coupled to an adjustment device, a portion of the adjustment device can extend outwardly to adjust the position of the end of the rocker arm.
  • a rocker arm is provided in the middle of the rocker arm, and the shaft of the roller is connected to the support shaft of the roller covered on the outer circumference of the cam by a connecting member.
  • a forced control device is limited in the adjustment of the opening stroke of the valve, that is, the stroke of the valve cannot be greatly adjusted. At the same time, this device does not adjust the opening and closing phase of the valve.
  • An apparatus for controlling an intake and exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 5-98913. It includes a rocker arm with one end connected to one end of the intake and exhaust valve ram and the other end connected to a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder. There is also a roller in the middle of the rocker arm.
  • the disadvantage of such a device is that its adjustment of the opening and closing phase and stroke of the intake and exhaust valves can only be achieved by a change in the radius of curvature of each point on the outer circumferential surface of the cam, thereby causing a limitation in the adjustment range.
  • This type of drive is especially suitable It is used in the space of a small engine compartment of a small engine such as a motorcycle, and provides more precise and larger adjustments to the opening and closing phase and the switching stroke of the intake valve.
  • the function of continuously adjusting the switching phase and the opening stroke of the intake and exhaust valves can be realized in the valve train in which the intake and exhaust camshafts are coaxially mounted.
  • a driving apparatus includes a cam, a rocker arm driven by a cam and supported on a support shaft, and an actuating mechanism for adjusting the position of the rocker arm.
  • the actuating mechanism comprises at least one connecting rod, one end of which is hingedly connected to the middle of the rocker arm via a supporting pin; the crank, the other end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected to the crank, and the other end of the crank
  • the hinge support is supported on the support pin; the guide support has a working curved surface; a portion of the link and the rocker arm hingedly connected to each other is movably supported on the guide support.
  • the rocker arm includes a first working surface and a second working surface, the first working surface abutting against an outer surface of the cam, the second working surface slidably abutting against a working surface of the guiding support.
  • the rocker arm also includes a roller that is rotatably supported on the support pin and that can roll on the working surface of the guide support.
  • the working surface of the guide support is a curved surface that is recessed inwardly, the curved surface of the recess being located in a recess such that the rocker arm or roller can move in the recess.
  • the cam is disposed on the same side as the intake and exhaust valve with respect to the rocker arm, and the guide support member is disposed on the opposite side of the intake and exhaust valve with respect to the rocker arm.
  • the driving device increases the adjustment of the opening stroke of the cylinder intake and exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine by the actuating mechanism, it has the ability to adjust the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves as compared with the driving device without the actuating mechanism in the prior art. Larger; Since the stroke of the valve is determined by the lift of the cam and the structural parameter lever ratio (L2/L1) of the rocker arm, it is possible to change the lift characteristic of the valve by adjusting the parameters of the cam lift curve and the structural parameters of the rocker arm. purpose.
  • the switching phase and the opening stroke of the intake and exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine can be accurately and greatly adjusted and controlled.
  • the guiding surface of the guiding support is a curved surface.
  • the drive device mounts the guide support on the opposite side of the rocker arm from the valve and the camshaft, the camshaft and the valve are on the same side of the engine as the rocker arm and there is only one camshaft (into
  • the engine with the exhaust camshaft as one body can also use the present invention without changing the layout of the gas distribution system, thereby realizing the function of continuously adjusting the valve switching phase and the opening stroke without increasing the volume of the driving device.
  • the structure of the engine can be changed substantially by the conventional structure of the engine when the present invention is used, the cost of reforming the engine by the present invention is small.
  • the present invention Due to the structural configuration of the present invention, only one guide support member and a crank and a link for driving the rocker arm movement to adjust the phase and lift of the valve switch are added with respect to the existing structure of the engine of the present type, and there is no need to increase the size.
  • the construction space does not cause a large structure, so the present invention can be applied to a small engine having only a relatively small engine space, such as an engine of a motorcycle and a motorcycle.
  • the added actuation mechanism that is, the guide support, the crank and the connecting rod of the present invention do not participate in the reciprocating motion of the valve system and the rotational movement of the camshaft, the motion inertia of the valve system and the moment of inertia of the camshaft system are not increased, thus, Even if the system is added, the inertia of the valve system and the moment of inertia of the camshaft system will not increase, resulting in the fly-off and rebound of the valve, and will not increase the burden of the timing train. Therefore, with the present invention, development costs can be saved without changing the existing design parameters of the engine valve system, the camshaft system, and the timing train.
  • the sliding friction in the actuating mechanism is converted to rolling, the effect and effect of which is very significant. Rolling friction makes the movement of the entire drive unit more flexible and smooth, thereby improving the operational reliability and stability of the device. At the same time, energy consumption is also reduced.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention places the cam on the side of the valve stem of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, with the guide support disposed opposite thereto.
  • the guide support member is disposed opposite the cylinder valve stem, and the cam is disposed on the side of the cylinder valve stem.
  • Figure 1 is a view showing that the drive device according to the present invention drives the cylinder stem of the internal combustion engine to be turned on. Schematic diagram of the state;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the driving device according to the present invention in a neutral working state
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the driving device according to the present invention in a rear working state
  • Figure 4 is a view showing the driving device according to the present invention in a front working state
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a driving device according to the invention.
  • a drive device is used in particular for driving the movement of a cylinder valve stem of an internal combustion engine.
  • the internal combustion engine cylinder refers in particular to the internal combustion engine cylinder of a motorcycle. This type of cylinder features compact construction and small installation space.
  • the driving device has a cam 1 on which the cam 1 is mounted.
  • the cam drive shaft 14 is driven by other power units to drive the cam 1 to rotate.
  • the above power unit is not shown in the drawing.
  • rocker arm 3 is a strip-shaped plate member.
  • the rocker arm 3 extends relatively long in the horizontal direction in the drawing and is narrow in the vertical direction.
  • the lower side of the rocker arm 3 is substantially straight, and the left end portion thereof has a first working curved surface 8 projecting downward.
  • the working surface 8 is a curve in a side view. The radius of curvature of this curve can be determined based on the specific engine design.
  • the first working surface 8 is mainly in contact with the outer surface of the cam 1 and is tightly abutted against the cam 1 by the return spring 16 of the cylinder rod 15 of the driven internal combustion engine.
  • a second working curved surface 9 is provided on the other side (upper side in the figure) of the rocker arm 3.
  • the radius of curvature of the first and second working surfaces 8, 9 is determined according to the working surface of the cam 1 and the radius of curvature of the guiding surface of the guiding support 5, and the above-mentioned radius of curvature is determined according to the cylinder valve of the internal combustion engine to be controlled.
  • the stroke of the rod changes.
  • the entire rocker arm 3 is supported on the support pin 7.
  • the support pin 7 itself can be moved in the left-right direction in the drawing along with the rocker arm 3.
  • the rocker arm 3 abuts against the end of the cylinder rod 15 of the internal combustion engine at the right end of the figure, and the second working surface 9 of the rocker arm 3 is pressed against the guide surface 10 of the guide support 5, and shakes
  • the first working curved surface 8 of the arm 3 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the cam 1.
  • the rocker arm 3 is pressed toward the cam 1 by the return spring 16 of the cylinder stem 15 of the internal combustion engine shown in the drawing.
  • the rocker arm 3 has a thickness to satisfy the strength required to transmit the power applied by the cam 1.
  • the first working curved surface 8, the second working curved surface 9 on the rocker arm 3, and the end portion that cooperates with the cylinder valve stem 15 of the internal combustion engine are all provided with the strength and hardness necessary to transmit the required power.
  • the drive unit according to the invention further comprises an actuating mechanism, generally designated by the reference numeral 2.
  • the actuating mechanism 2 mainly comprises a connecting rod 6, a crank 4 and a guiding support 5.
  • crank 4 is hingedly connected to the crank 4 via a connecting pin 17 at the left end of the figure.
  • the crank 4 is rotatably supported by a support pin 13, wherein the support pin 13 is fixedly supported on an engine or the like.
  • crank 4 In the present embodiment, the structure of the crank 4 is employed, which is only a specific embodiment. According to the present invention, the function of the crank 4 can also be accomplished by means such as an eccentric.
  • the guide support 5 is disposed at an upper position in the drawing. That is, according to the present invention, the guide support member 5 is disposed above the valve stem 15 of the motorcycle internal combustion engine, and is disposed opposite thereto. In the present embodiment, the working curved surface 10 of the guide support 5 faces downward, facing the second working curved surface 9 of the rocker arm 3.
  • cam 1 and the cylinder valve stem 15 are arranged substantially side by side.
  • This structure in which the guide support member 5 is disposed above the rocker arm 3 and the cam 1 is disposed side by side with the cylinder valve stem 15 satisfies the requirement that the cylinder mounting space of the motorcycle is narrow.
  • the other end of the link 6, i.e., the right end as shown, is hingedly coupled to the rocker arm 3 via a support pin 7.
  • the crank 4 is swung counterclockwise in the drawing, the point at which the first working curved surface 8 of the rocker arm 3 contacts the outer surface of the cam 1 is located at the left side of the vertical line in the figure to form an angle A, thereby forming The front of the intake and exhaust valve switching phase.
  • This swing causes the connecting rod 6 to move together to the left in the figure, thereby causing the rocker arm 3 to move, and finally the rocker arm 3 is shown in the figure. Move in the left direction.
  • the second working surface 9 of the rocker arm 3 moves along the working curved surface 10 of the guiding support 5 to reach the point D shown in the figure.
  • the second working surface 9 of the rocker arm 3 moves along the working curved surface 10 of the guide support 5 to reach the point E shown in the figure.
  • the second working surface 9 of the rocker arm 3 moves along the working curved surface 10 of the guide support 5 to reach the point F shown in the figure.
  • the left first working curved surface 8 in FIG. 1 cooperates with the working surface of the cam 1; and the second working curved surface 9 is in the working surface of the guiding support 5 Movement along the surface under the constraint of 10. Therefore, the trajectory of the right end of the rocker arm 3 (i.e., the end contacting the upper end of the cylinder stem 15 of the internal combustion engine) is determined by the working surface shape of the cam 1, the first working curved surface of the rocker arm 3, and the working surface of the guide support 5. The shape of 10 is determined together. This constitutes an adjustment of the opening and closing phase of the cylinder valve stem 15 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the guide support 5 is a separate component, although the part may also be part of the edge of the associated cylinder. It is sufficient to provide support for the middle portion of the rocker arm 3.
  • Figure 4 shows the drive unit according to the invention in a pre-operating state.
  • the center, front and rear states according to the present invention are all adjustment states of the starting and closing time of the cylinder intake and exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine, that is, in different states, the intake and exhaust valves will be opened and closed at different time points. .
  • the guide support 5 is provided with a recess, the working surface 10 of which is the bottom of the recess.
  • the rocker arm 3 is embedded in the EJ groove, and the second working surface 9 or the roller 12 of the rocker arm 3 is in contact with the working surface 10 of the guide support 5 in this four grooves.
  • An advantage of this embodiment is that the rocker arm 3 or its roller 12 is located in said recess and is therefore more stable during operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

阀驱动装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种驱动装置， 特别是一种用于内燃机进排气阀开启关闭 驱动装置。 背景技术
欧洲专利 EP 1 672 183 A1公开了一种用于强制控制阀门装置的摇臂。 其中， 摇臂的一端与一个调整装置相连接， 该调整装置的一部分可以向外 伸出从而调整摇臂的这个端部的位置。 在摇臂的中部设有一个摇臂滚轮， 该滚轮的轴通过一个连接件与包覆在凸轮外圆周上的滚轮的支承轴相连 接。但是这种强制控制装置对于阀门的开启行程的调整来说是受到限制的， 即不能大幅度的调整阀的行程。 同时， 这种装置也不能对阀的开闭相位进 行调整。
日本特开平 5 - 98913中公开了一种用于控制内燃机进排气阀的装置。 其中包括一根摇臂， 摇臂的一端与进排气阀顶杆的一端相连， 而另一端与 一个液压作用缸的活塞杆连接。 摇臂的中部也设有一个滚轮。 这种装置的 不足在于其对进排气阀开闭相位和行程的调节只能通过凸轮外圓周表面上 各点的曲率半径的变化实现， 由此导致调节幅度受到限制。
日本特开平 9 - 21305中公开了一种用于控制内燃机进排气阀的装置。 其中也是采用了摇臂并在摇臂的中部设置滚轮。 但是， 这种装置的缺点与 上述现有技术中的缺点是一样的， 都是不能对进排气岡的开闭相位和行程 做较大的调整， 也不能对其进行精确的调整。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种驱动装置， 以便对内燃机气缸进排气阀的 开闭相位和开启行程提供更精确、 形成更大的调整。 这种驱动装置尤其适 用于设置在摩托车等小型发动机狭小气门室的空间中， 对其进气阀的开闭 相位和开关行程提供更精确、 形成更大的调整。 特别是可以在进排气凸轮 轴同轴安装的配气机构中实现连续调节进排气阀的开关相位和开启行程的 功能。
为实现上述发明目的， 根据本发明提供一种驱动装置， 包括凸轮， 由 凸轮驱动并支承在支承轴上的摇臂，还包括用于调整摇臂位置的致动机构。
根据本发明， 所述致动机构包括至少一根连杆， 其一端通过支承销轴 与摇臂的中部铰接连接； 曲柄， 所述连杆的另一端与曲柄铰接连接， 所述 曲柄的另一端铰接支承在支承销轴； 导向支承件， 导向支承件具有一个工 作曲面； 所述连杆与所述摇臂相互铰接连接的部分可移动地支承在导向支 承件上。
所述摇臂包括第一工作曲面和第二工作曲面， 所述第一工作曲面抵靠 在凸轮的外表面上， 所述第二工作曲面可滑动地抵靠在导向支承件的工作 曲面上。
摇臂还包括滚轮， 所述滚轮可转动地支承在支承销轴上并且可以在导 向支承件的工作曲面滚动。
所述导向支承件的工作曲面是一个向内凹陷的曲面， 所述凹陷的曲面 位于一条凹槽中， 从而使得摇臂或滚轮可以在所述凹槽中移动。
凸轮相对于摇臂设置在与进排气阀相同的一侧， 导向支承件相对于摇 臂设置在与进排气阀相反的一侧。
由于根据本发明的驱动装置通过致动机构增加了对内燃机气缸进排气 阀的开启行程的调节， 因此与现有技术中没有致动机构的驱动装置相比具 有对进排气阀开启调节能力更大； 由于阀门的行程是由凸轮的升程和摇臂 的结构参数杠杆比（ L2/L1 )决定的 , 所以可以通过调整凸轮升程曲线参数、 摇臂结构参数达到改变阀门升程特性的目的。 另外， 由于采用了摇臂中部 通过工作曲面或滚轮与导向支承件上的导向面相互配合运动的工作方式， 可以对内燃机进排气阀的开关相位和开启行程进行精准、 大幅度的调整和 控制。 更重要的是， 导向支承件的导向面是曲面， 通过对该曲面上各点的 曲率半径的调整和设定， 可以达到对进排气阔的开闭相位和开启行程做灵 活多变的调整的效果。 这是现有技术所不能的。
由于根据本发明的驱动装置将导向支承件安装在相对于摇臂与阀门和 凸轮轴相反的一侧， 因此， 凸轮轴和阀门相对于摇臂位于同一侧的发动机 以及只有一根凸轮轴 （进排气凸轮轴为一体） 的发动机， 也能在不改动配 气系统布局的情况下， 使用本发明， 从而实现连续调节阀门开关相位和开 启行程的功能， 而不会增大驱动装置的体积。
由于使用本发明时可以基本沿用发动机的现有结构， 对发动机的结构 改动较小， 所以在利用本发明对发动机进行改造时花费的成本较小。
由于本发明的结构方案相对于本类发动机的现有结构， 只增加了一个 导向支承件和用于驱动摇臂运动以达到调节阀门开关相位和升程的曲柄和 连杆， 并不需要增加大的结构空间， 不会导致结构庞大， 所以本发明能够 应用于只具有比较小的发动机空间的小型发动机， 如摩托车和微型汽车的 发动机。
由于本发明增加的致动机构即导向支承件、 曲柄和连杆都不参与阀门 系统的往复运动和凸轮轴旋转运动， 因此不会增加阀门系统的运动惯量和 凸轮轴系统的转动惯量， 这样， 即使增加了本系统， 也不会致使阀门系统 的运动惯量和凸轮轴系统的转动惯量增加从而导致阀门的飞脱和反跳， 并 且不会增加正时轮系的负担。 因此， 使用本发明， 无需更改发动机阀门系 统、 凸轮轴系统和正时轮系现有设计参数， 从而可以节约开发成本。
在根据本发明的优选实施例中， 将致动机构中的滑动摩擦转变为滚动， 其有点和效果是非常明显的。 滚动摩擦使得整个驱动装置的运动更加灵活 顺畅， 从而提高了装置的工作可靠性和稳定性。 同时， 还降低了能量消耗。
根据本发明的装置将凸轮设置在内燃机燃烧室气门阀杆一侧， 而导向 支承件与之相对设置。 在这种设置中， 导向支承件与气缸阀杆相对设置， 而凸轮则设置于气缸阀杆一侧， 这样的设置充分适应了摩托车等小型发动 机体积小， 安装空间小的特点。 附图说明
图 1 为表示根据本发明的驱动装置驱动内燃机气缸阀杆处于开启工作 状态的示意图；
图 2为表示根据本发明的驱动装置处于中置工作状态的示意图； 图 3为表示根据本发明的驱动装置处于后置工作状态的示意图； 图 4为表示根据本发明的驱动装置处于前置工作状态的示意图。
本发明中所述的前置或后置状态是针对凸轮轴的转动方向而言， 各附 图中箭头表示凸轮轴的转动方向。 具体实施方式
图 1 示意性表示了根据本发明的驱动装置的一个实施例。 这种驱动装 置尤其是用于驱动内燃机气缸阀杆的运动。 在这个实施例中， 所述的内燃 机气缸尤其是指摩托车的内燃机气缸。 这种气缸的特点是结构紧凑、 安装 空间小。
如图 1所示， 在本实施例中， 驱动装置具有一个凸轮 1 , 凸轮 1安装在 凸轮驱动轴 14上。 通过其他动力装置驱动凸轮驱动轴 14, 从而带动凸轮 1 转动。 图中没有示出上述动力装置。
与凸轮 1配合工作的是一根摇臂 3。在本实施例中， 摇臂 3是一个条形 的板状件。 摇臂 3在图中的水平方向上延伸比较长， 而在竖直方向上比较 窄。
如图中所示， 摇臂 3 的下侧基本上是平直的， 其左侧端部具有向下突 出的第一工作曲面 8。 该工作曲面 8在侧视图中为一条曲线。 这条曲线的 曲率半径可以根据具体的发动机设计确定。 第一工作曲面 8主要是与凸轮 1 的外表面相互接触， 并在被驱动的内燃机气缸阀杆 15 的复位弹簧 16的 作用下紧紧地抵靠在凸轮 1上。
如图 1所示，在摇臂 3的另一侧（图中的上侧）上设有第二工作曲面 9。 第一和第二工作曲面 8、 9的曲率半径根据与之配合的凸轮 1的工作曲面以 及导向支承件 5 的导向面的曲率半径来确定， 并且上述曲率半径均根据所 需控制的内燃机气缸阀杆的行程变化。
从图中可以看出， 整个摇臂 3支承在支承销轴 7上。 而支承销轴 7本 身可以随着摇臂 3—起在图中的左右方向上移动。 如图 1所示， 摇臂 3在图中的右端抵靠在内燃机气缸阀杆 15的端部， 摇臂 3的第二工作曲面 9压靠在导向支承件 5的导向面 10上， 而摇臂 3的 第一工作曲面 8抵靠在凸轮 1的外圓周表面上。 通过图中所示的内燃机气 缸阀杆 15的复位弹簧 16, 将摇臂 3压向凸轮 1。 由此， 使得凸轮 1与摇臂 3在任何情况下均相互压紧并传递驱动力， 即在凸轮 1转动时， 通过摇臂 3 上的第一工作曲面 8使得摇臂 3跟随凸轮 1的转动而摆动。
摇臂 3具有一定厚度， 以便满足传递凸轮 1所施加的动力所需的强度。 摇臂 3上的第一工作曲面 8、 第二工作曲面 9以及与内燃机气缸阀杆 15相 配合的端部均具备传递所需动力必须的强度和硬度。
如图 1 所示， 根据本发明的驱动装置还包括一个整体上用附图标号 2 表示的致动机构。 该致动机构 2主要包括一根连杆 6、 一才艮曲柄 4和一个 导向支承件 5。
如图 1所示， 曲柄 4在图中的左侧的一端通过连接销轴 17与曲柄 4铰 接连接。 曲柄 4由支承销轴 13可转动地支承， 其中， 支承销轴 13 固定支 承在发动机上或其他类似物上。
在本实施例中， 釆用了曲柄 4 的结构， 这只是一种具体实施方式。 根 据本发明， 也可以釆用诸如偏心轮等装置来完成曲柄 4的功能。
如图 1所示， 导向支承件 5设置在图中的上方位置。 也就是说， 根据 本发明， 导向支承件 5设置在摩托车内燃机的气门阀杆 15之上， 与之相对 地设置。 在本实施例中， 导向支承件 5的工作曲面 10向下， 面对摇臂 3的 第二工作曲面 9。
从图 1中还可以看出， 凸轮 1与气缸阀杆 15基本上是并排设置。 这种 将导向支承件 5设置于摇臂 3之上且凸轮 1与气缸阀杆 15并排设置的结构， 满足了摩托车气缸安装空间狭小的要求。
如图 1所示， 连杆 6的另一端， 即如图所示的右端经支承销轴 7铰接 连接在摇臂 3上。 如图所示， 当曲柄 4沿图中逆时针方向摆动时， 摇臂 3 的第一工作曲面 8与凸轮 1 的外表面相接触的点位于图中垂直线的左侧形 成一个角度 A,从而形成进排气阀开关相位的前置。这种摆动便带动连杆 6 一起向图中左侧移动， 从而带动摇臂 3运动， 最终使摇臂 3沿图中所示向 左方向运动。
与此同时， 摇臂 3的第二工作曲面 9沿着导向支承件 5的工作曲面 10 移动， 到达图中所示 D点。
如图 2所示， 曲柄 4沿顺时针方向摆动时， 从而使得摇臂 3的第一工 作曲面 8与凸轮 1的接触点正好位于铅垂线上。 此时， 处于中置位置状态。
与此同时， 摇臂 3的第二工作曲面 9沿着导向支承件 5的工作曲面 10 移动， 到达图中所示 E点。
如图 3所示， 曲柄 4顺时针方向再摆动时， 此时， 摇臂 3第一工作曲 面 8与凸轮 1 的接触点位于图中铅垂线的右侧形成一个角度 B , 从而使进 排气阀开关相位后置。
与此同时， 摇臂 3的第二工作曲面 9沿着导向支承件 5的工作曲面 10 移动， 到达图中所示 F点。
在摇臂 3沿图中左右方向运动时，其位于图 1中的左侧第一工作曲面 8 与凸轮 1 的工作表面配合工作； 而其第二工作曲面 9则在导向支承件 5的 工作曲面 10的约束下沿着该曲面运动。 因此， 摇臂 3的右端 （即与内燃机 气缸阀杆 15的上端相接触的端部） 的运动轨迹由凸轮 1的工作表面形状、 摇臂 3第一工作曲面形状和导向支承件 5的工作曲面 10的形状一起确定。 由此构成对内燃机气缸阀杆 15开闭相位的调节。
在本实施例中， 导向支承件 5是一个独立的零件， 当然该零件也可以 是所属气缸边缘上的一部分。 只要能够为摇臂 3的中部提供支承即可。
图 4表示根据本发明的驱动装置处于前置的工作状态。
根据本发明的中置、 前置和后置状态都是对内燃机气缸进排气阀门开 始开闭时间点的调整状态， 即在不同的状态下， 将在不同的时间点开闭进 排气阀门。
根据本发明的另一个特殊实施例（图中没有示出 ), 导向支承件 5上设 有一个凹槽， 所述导向支承件 5的工作曲面 10是这个凹槽的底。 这样， 摇 臂 3嵌在这个 EJ槽中，且其摇臂 3的第二工作曲面 9或滚轮 12在这个四槽 中与导向支承件 5的工作曲面 10接触。 这种实施方式的优点在于， 摇臂 3 或其滚轮 12位于所述的凹槽中， 因此在工作的过程中， 更加稳定。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种驱动装置， 包括凸轮 （ 1 ), 由凸轮 （ 1 ) 驱动并支承在支承轴 (7) 上的摇臂 （3), 其特征在于， 还包括用于调整摇臂 （3) 位置的致动 机构 （2)。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所述致动机构 （2) 包括至少一根连杆 （6), 其一端通过支承销轴 （7) 与摇臂 （3) 的中部铰 接连接； 曲柄 （4), 所述连杆 （6) 的另一端与曲柄 （4)铰接连接， 所述 曲柄 （4) 的另一端铰接支承在支承销轴 （ 13); 导向支承件 （5), 导向支 承件 （5) 具有一个工作曲面 （ 10); 所述连杆 （6) 与所述摇臂 （3) 相互 铰接连接的部分可移动地支承在导向支承件 （5) 上。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所述摇臂（3) 包括第一工作曲面 （8) 和第二工作曲面 （9), 所述第一工作曲面 （8) 抵 靠在凸轮 （ 1 ) 的外表面 （ 11 ) 上， 所述第二工作曲面 （9) 可滑动地抵靠 在导向支承件 （5) 的工作曲面 （ 10) 上。
4. 根据权利要求 3 所述的驱动装置， 其特征在于， 摇臂 （3) 还包括 滚轮 （ 12), 所述滚轮 （ 12) 可转动地支承在支承销轴 （7) 上并且可以在 导向支承件 （5) 的工作曲面 （ 10) 滚动。
5. 根据权利要求 1至 4之一所述的驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所述导向 支承件 （5) 的工作曲面 （ 10) 是一个向内凹陷的曲面。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所述凹陷的曲面位 于一条凹槽中， 从而使得摇臂 （3) 或滚轮 （ 12) 可以在所述凹槽中移动。
7. 根据权利要求 5或 6所述的驱动装置， 其特征在于， 凸轮相对于摇 臂设置在与进排气阀相同的一侧， 导向支承件相对于摇臂设置在与进排气 阀相反的一侧。
PCT/CN2010/072986 2009-05-21 2010-05-20 阀驱动装置 WO2010133170A1 (zh)

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CN104832236B (zh) * 2014-12-18 2017-04-05 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 发动机气门预操作装置
CN104895635B (zh) * 2015-03-09 2018-02-16 常州嵘驰发动机技术有限公司 内燃机进排气阀驱动装置
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