WO2010124554A1 - 通信装置、基站和多点合作通信方法 - Google Patents

通信装置、基站和多点合作通信方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010124554A1
WO2010124554A1 PCT/CN2010/071728 CN2010071728W WO2010124554A1 WO 2010124554 A1 WO2010124554 A1 WO 2010124554A1 CN 2010071728 W CN2010071728 W CN 2010071728W WO 2010124554 A1 WO2010124554 A1 WO 2010124554A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
cooperative
communication device
channel estimation
channel
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PCT/CN2010/071728
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王键
张�杰
田军
周华
吴建明
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富士通株式会社
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Application filed by 富士通株式会社 filed Critical 富士通株式会社
Priority to KR1020117024710A priority Critical patent/KR101298394B1/ko
Priority to EP10769243.6A priority patent/EP2427025A4/en
Priority to JP2012507581A priority patent/JP5561359B2/ja
Publication of WO2010124554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010124554A1/zh
Priority to US13/284,593 priority patent/US8483292B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/024—Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0023—Interference mitigation or co-ordination
    • H04J11/005—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of intercell interference
    • H04J11/0053—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of intercell interference using co-ordinated multipoint transmission/reception
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03891—Spatial equalizers
    • H04L25/03898—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design
    • H04L25/03904—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design cooperative design, e.g. exchanging of codebook information between base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0032—Distributed allocation, i.e. involving a plurality of allocating devices, each making partial allocation
    • H04L5/0035—Resource allocation in a cooperative multipoint environment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless communication technologies, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for multi-base station or multi-cell cooperative communication in a wireless communication system. Background technique
  • the space-time processing technology of multi-antenna systems mainly includes spatial multiplexing and spatial diversity.
  • Spatial diversity is that space-time coding divides data into multiple data substreams simultaneously on multiple antennas, and diversity gain is obtained by introducing coding redundancy in the time domain between transmit antennas.
  • Spatial multiplexing is to send an independent stream of information at the transmitting antenna, and the receiving end uses the method of interference suppression to achieve maximum rate.
  • space multiplexing techniques can be used to increase the throughput of wireless communication systems, while spatial diversity techniques can be used to extend the coverage of wireless communication systems.
  • the user at the cell edge is far away from the serving base station, the signal received by the serving base station is weak, and the interference from the neighboring cell base station signal is also large, thereby deteriorating the system throughput of the cell edge user.
  • Patent Document 1 COX TIMOTHY [US] ; KHOSHNEVIS AHMAD [US] , COOPERATIVE MULTIPLE ACCESS IN WIRELESS NETWORKS (W02008157147);
  • Patent Document 2 SHEN MANYUAN [US] ; XING GUANBIN [US] , Cooperative
  • Patent Document 3 LI ANXIN [CN] ; LI XIANGMING [CN], UPLINK MULTIPLE-INPUT-MULTIPLE-OUTPUT (MIMO) AND COOPERATIVE MIMO TRANSMISSIONS (W02008124535);
  • Patent Document 4 MEHTA NEELESH B [US]; ZHANG HONGYUAN [US], System and method for transmitting signals in cooperative base station multi-user MIMO networks (US2007248172);
  • Patent Document 5 KIM SUNG JIN [KR] ; KIM HO JIN [KR], METHOD FOR COOPERATIVE DIVERSITY IN MIMO WIRELESS NETWORK (KR20060111238);
  • Patent Document 6 KIM SUNG-JIN [KR] ; KIM HO-JI [KR], Method of providing cooperative diversity in a MIMO wireless network (US2006239222);
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Ayman F. Naguid, Vahid Tarokh, Nambirajan Seshadri, A. Robert Calderbank, "A Space-Time Coding Modem for High-Data-Rate Wireless Communications,,, IN IEEE JSAC, vol. 16 , no. 8, October 1998, pp. 1459-1478;
  • Non-Patent Document 2 V. Tarokh, N. Seshadri, AR Calderbank, "Space-time codes for high data rate wireless communication: performance criterion and code construction", IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 44 : 744- 765, March 1998. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention have been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and are directed to solving one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial alternative.
  • a communication device comprising:
  • a channel estimation unit configured to obtain a cell base station of the communication device and a cell where the communication device is located a channel estimation value between the channel, that is, a channel estimation value between the communication device and the cell base station; and a sending unit, configured to transmit the channel estimation value or information based on the channel estimation value to the cell base station;
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a multi-point cooperation message from the cell base station, where the multi-point cooperation message indicates a multi-point cooperative transmission mode, a codebook or a precoding matrix used by the cell base station, and performing with the cell base station a codebook or precoding matrix used by the cooperative cooperative base station;
  • a channel matrix forming unit configured to obtain a channel matrix according to the multipoint cooperation message; and a decoding unit that decodes the received signal according to the channel matrix and the multipoint cooperation message.
  • the multipoint cooperation message indicates that the coordinated multi-point transmission mode is an associated coordinated multi-point transmission mode
  • the channel matrix forming unit pairs the antenna of the cell base station
  • the antenna of the cooperative base station performs channel estimation to form a channel matrix
  • the decoding unit decodes the received signal by treating data from the cell base station and data from the cooperative base station as the same data.
  • the communication device wherein the multipoint cooperation message indicates that the multipoint cooperative transmission mode is a first type of non-correlated multipoint cooperative transmission mode, and the channel matrix forming unit pairs the cell An antenna of the base station and an antenna of the cooperative base station perform channel estimation to form a channel matrix, and the decoding unit decodes the received signal by treating data from the base station and data from the cooperative base station as different data. .
  • the communication device wherein the multipoint cooperation message indicates that the multipoint cooperative transmission mode is a second type of non-correlated multipoint cooperative transmission mode, and the channel matrix forming unit pairs the cell
  • the antenna of the base station performs channel estimation to form a channel matrix, and the decoding unit decodes the received signal for data from the cell base station.
  • the communication device wherein the channel estimation unit further obtains a channel estimation value between the communication device and the cooperative base station; and the transmitting unit connects the communication device to the cooperative base station The channel estimate between the two is transmitted to the cell base station.
  • Aspect 6 The communication device according to aspect 1, wherein the channel estimation unit further obtains a channel estimation value of a channel between the communication device and the cooperative base station, that is, a channel estimation between the communication device and the cooperative base station
  • the communication device further includes a determining unit, the determining unit determining whether multipoint cooperative transmission should be performed; and when determining that multipoint cooperative transmission should be performed, the sending unit sends a request to the cell base station for multi-point cooperation.
  • the transmitted request is used as information based on the channel estimate.
  • the communication device wherein the determining unit further determines a multipoint cooperative transmission mode to be adopted and a codebook or precoding matrix to be adopted by the cell base station and the cooperative base station, and the transmitting unit
  • the request sent to the cell base station includes information indicating the coordinated cooperative transmission mode and the codebook or precoding matrix.
  • the communication device determines to use the second type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode according to the a posteriori signal to noise ratio or throughput of the communication device.
  • the criteria determine a codebook or precoding matrix that the cell base station should employ, and determine a codebook or precoding matrix that the cooperative base station should employ based on criteria that minimize the a posteriori signal to noise ratio or throughput of the communication device.
  • a channel estimation value between the communication device and the cell base station is between a first threshold and a second threshold, and the communication device and the cooperative base station
  • the judging unit judges that multi-point cooperative transmission should be performed when the channel estimation value is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold; the channel estimation value between the communication device and the cell base station is lower than the first
  • the determining unit determines that the relevant coordinated multi-point transmission mode should be adopted; the channel estimation value between the communication device and the cell base station is higher than the fifth threshold
  • the determining unit determines that the first type of related multi-point cooperative transmission mode should be adopted when the channel estimation value between the communication device and the cooperative base station is higher than a sixth threshold between the third threshold and the fourth threshold.
  • the determining unit determines that the second type of related multi-point cooperative transmission mode should be adopted.
  • a receiving unit receiving, from a communication device in a cell served by the base station, a channel estimation value for a channel between the communication device and the base station, that is, a channel estimation value between the base station and the base station;
  • the determining unit determines, according to the channel estimation value, whether multi-point cooperative transmission, a multi-point cooperative transmission mode to be adopted, a codebook or a precoding matrix to be adopted by the base station, and a cooperative base station that cooperates with the base station Information about the codebook or precoding matrix that should be used;
  • the first sending unit notifying the cooperative base station of the cooperation information, where the cooperation information includes information indicating the multi-point cooperative transmission mode, a codebook that the cooperative base station should adopt, and the cooperative base station Data that should be sent;
  • the second sending unit Transmitting, by the second sending unit, the multi-point cooperative transmission mode indicating that the adopted, the codebook or precoding matrix that the base station should adopt, and the code that the cooperative base station should cooperate with the base station Information of the present or precoding matrix, and data to be received by the communication device.
  • Aspect 11 The base station according to aspect 10, wherein the determining unit performs the determining according to the channel estimation value and a geographic location of the communication device.
  • Aspect 12 The base station of clause 10, wherein the receiving unit further receives a channel estimate from the communication device for a channel between the communication device and the cooperating base station, ie, with a cooperating base station a channel estimation value; the determining unit performs the determining according to a channel estimation value between the communication device and the cooperative base station and a channel estimation value between the communication device and the base station.
  • the base station wherein a channel estimation value between the communication device and the base station is between a first threshold and a second threshold and between the communication device and the cooperative base station
  • the determining unit determines that multi-point cooperative transmission should be performed when the channel estimation value is between the third threshold and the fourth threshold; the channel estimation value between the communication device and the base station is lower than the first threshold and the second When the fifth threshold between the thresholds, the determining unit determines that the relevant multipoint cooperative transmission mode should be adopted; the channel estimation value between the communication device and the base station is higher than the fifth threshold, and the communication When the channel estimation value between the device and the cooperative base station is higher than a sixth threshold between the third threshold and the fourth threshold, the determining unit determines that the first type of related coordinated multi-point transmission mode should be adopted; And when a channel estimation value between the device and the base station is higher than the fifth threshold, and a channel estimation value between the communication device and the cooperative base station is lower than the sixth threshold, Determination means determines second type shall be related cooperative multipoint transmission mode.
  • Aspect 14 The communication device according to aspect 10, wherein the determining unit determines a posterior signal to noise ratio or throughput of the communication device when determining that a second type of non-correlated multipoint cooperative transmission mode should be employed
  • the maximum criterion determines a codebook or precoding matrix that the base station should employ, and determines a codebook or precoding matrix that the cooperative base station should use based on criteria that minimize the a posteriori signal to noise ratio or throughput of the communication device. .
  • the communication device wherein, when the determining unit determines that the relevant coordinated multi-point transmission mode should be adopted, the first transmitting unit sends the base station to the cooperative base station to send to the base station
  • the data of the communication device is the same data; when the determining unit determines that the first type of related coordinated multi-point transmission mode should be adopted, the first sending unit sends the base station to the cooperative base station to send to the cooperative base station
  • the data of the communication device is different data; when the determining unit determines that the first type of related coordinated multi-point transmission mode should be adopted, the first sending unit does not send data to the cooperative base station.
  • Aspect 16 a multipoint cooperative communication method used by a communication device, and the multipoint cooperative communication method Including the following steps:
  • Receiving receiving a multipoint cooperation message from the cell base station, where the multipoint cooperation message indicates a multipoint cooperative transmission mode, a codebook or precoding matrix used by the cell base station, and cooperation with the cell base station a codebook or precoding matrix used by the cooperative base station;
  • a channel matrix forming step obtaining a channel matrix according to the multipoint cooperation message
  • the decoding step decodes the received signal according to the channel matrix and the multipoint cooperation message.
  • the multi-point cooperative communication method wherein the multi-point cooperation message indicates that the multi-point cooperative transmission mode is a related multi-point cooperative transmission mode, and the channel matrix forming step is performed on the cell.
  • the antenna of the base station and the antenna of the cooperative base station perform channel estimation to form a channel matrix, and the decoding step treats the received signal by considering data from the cell base station and data from the cooperative base station as the same data. decoding.
  • the multi-point cooperative communication method wherein the multi-point cooperation message indicates that the multi-point cooperative transmission mode is a first type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode, and the channel matrix forming step Performing channel estimation on an antenna of the cell base station and an antenna of the cooperative base station to form a channel matrix, where the decoding step treats data from the cell base station and data from the cooperative base station as different data.
  • the received signal is decoded.
  • the multi-point cooperative communication method wherein the multi-point cooperation message indicates that the multi-point cooperative transmission mode is a second type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode, and the channel matrix forming step Channel estimation is performed on the antenna of the cell base station to form a channel matrix, and the decoding step decodes the received signal for data from the cell base station.
  • the multi-point cooperative communication method wherein the channel estimation step further obtains a channel estimation value between the communication device and the cooperative base station; The channel estimation value between the cooperative base stations is transmitted to the cell base station.
  • the multi-point cooperative communication method further obtains a channel estimation value of a channel between the communication device and the cooperative base station, that is, the communication device and the cooperative base station Channel estimation value between the two; the multipoint cooperative communication method further includes a determining step, The determining unit determines whether multi-point cooperative transmission should be performed; when it is determined that multi-point cooperative transmission should be performed, the transmitting step sends a request for multi-point cooperative transmission to the cell base station, as the channel estimation value is used. information.
  • the multi-point cooperative communication method wherein the determining step further determines a multi-point cooperative transmission mode to be adopted and a codebook or a precoding matrix to be adopted by the cell base station and the cooperative base station,
  • the request sent by the sending process to the cell base station includes information indicating the coordinated cooperative transmission mode and the codebook or precoding matrix.
  • a base station, the base station includes:
  • a request for a multi-point cooperative transmission from a communication device in a cell served by the base station includes a multi-point cooperative transmission mode indicating that the base station should adopt a codebook or precoding a matrix, and information of a codebook or a precoding matrix to be used by a cooperative base station in cooperation with the base station;
  • the first sending unit notifies the cooperative base station of the cooperation information, where the cooperation information includes information indicating the multi-point cooperative transmission mode, a codebook or a precoding matrix that the cooperative base station should adopt, and The data that the cooperative base station should transmit;
  • the second transmitting unit transmits an acknowledgment for the request and data to be received by the communication device to the communication device.
  • Aspect 24 The base station according to aspect 23, wherein the base station further comprises a determining unit, the determining unit determining whether the request should be accepted.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a related multipoint cooperative transmission mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a first type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a second type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an exemplary embodiment of a primary base station selecting a transmission mode.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing another exemplary embodiment in which a primary base station selects a transmission mode.
  • Figure 6A illustrates a mobile station in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6B illustrates a mobile station in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic functional block diagram of a primary base station in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic functional block diagram of a cooperative base station in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart showing the processing of an embodiment of a communication system consisting of a mobile station, a primary base station, and a cooperative base station.
  • Figure 10 is a flow chart showing the processing of another embodiment of a communication system consisting of a mobile station, a primary base station, and a cooperative base station.
  • Figure 11 is a flow chart showing a further embodiment of a communication system consisting of a mobile station, a primary base station, and a cooperative base station. detailed description
  • the primary base station and the cooperative base station may perform multi-point cooperation on the mobile station by using a related multi-point cooperative transmission mode, a first type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode, and a second type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode.
  • the three multi-point cooperative transmission modes are introduced below.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a related multipoint cooperative transmission mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the primary base station and the cooperative base station jointly serve a mobile station, and the same data is precoded using the same or different codebooks, and the data ⁇ is precoded, passes through the primary base station, and The cooperative base station transmits to the mobile station.
  • the mobile station must be on the channel. ( ⁇ and ⁇ ) simultaneously perform channel estimation.
  • the master base station may select a codebook for the primary base station itself and the cooperative base station based on the result of the channel estimation, respectively represented as a sum.
  • the mobile station may select the codebook ⁇ and the primary base station itself and the cooperative base station based on the result of the channel estimation, and may also be based on the result of the channel estimation by the primary base station.
  • the codebook is based on the codebook by the cooperative base station. Choose a codebook.
  • the received signal of the mobile station is only interfered by AWGN noise.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a first type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the primary base station and the cooperative base station jointly serve a mobile station, using the same or different codebooks and transmitting different data.
  • the mobile station must simultaneously perform channel estimation on the channels rk , 0 and k , l .
  • a codebook is selected for the primary base station itself and the cooperative base station, respectively represented as ⁇ and .
  • the mobile station may select the codebook ⁇ 7 for the primary base station itself and the cooperative base station based on the result of the channel estimation.
  • the primary base station may base itself on a codebook based on the result of the channel estimation, and the cooperative base station according to the codebook. Choose a codebook.
  • the transmission data of the primary base station is transmitted to the mobile station after precoding by ⁇ , and the transmission data of the cooperative base station is transmitted to the mobile station after precoding.
  • the received signal of the mobile station may also have mutual interference values of the two signals due to the incomplete ideal of the codebook; in addition, it is also interfered by AWGN noise. .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a second type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the primary base station and the cooperative base station serve respective mobile stations, using different or identical codebooks and transmitting different data.
  • the mobile station is on channel r . (k , 0 and r , l simultaneously perform channel estimation.
  • the master base station may select a codebook based on the result of the channel estimation for the primary base station itself and the cooperative base station, respectively denoted as ⁇ and.
  • the cooperative base station selects the codebook according to the codebook.
  • the transmission data of the primary base station is sent to the mobile station served by the primary base station after being precoded, and the transmission data of the cooperative base station is sent to the cooperative base station service after being precoded.
  • Mobile station The mobile station of the primary base station receives the signal, in addition to receiving the useful signal from the autonomous base station.
  • there is interference of the transmitted data signal of the cooperative base station due to the non-complete ideal of the codebook, there is interference of the transmitted data signal of the cooperative base station; in addition, it is also interfered by the AWGN noise.
  • the codebook used in the primary base station and the cooperative serving base station respectively is 7 .
  • a codebook maximizes the a posteriori signal-to-noise ratio (throughput) of the mobile station
  • another codebook minimizes the a posteriori signal-to-noise ratio (throughput) of the mobile station.
  • the primary base station transmits a signal serving the mobile station using a base station that maximizes the a posteriori signal to noise ratio (throughput) of the mobile station; and uses a code that minimizes the posterior signal to noise ratio (throughput) of the mobile station.
  • the base station transmits a signal serving another mobile station.
  • step S401 the primary base station receives between the primary base station and the mobile station from the mobile station, and between the mobile station and the neighboring base station (other base stations adjacent to the primary base station). Channel estimate.
  • each mobile station needs to perform channel estimation for the primary base station and each of the neighboring base stations.
  • the primary base station can determine whether multi-point cooperation is required according to the current channel condition. For example, in an embodiment, when the channel estimation value between the primary base station and the mobile station is less than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold, and the channel estimation value between the neighboring base station and the mobile station is less than the third threshold and greater than the first When the threshold is four, it is judged that multi-point cooperation is required.
  • the channel estimation value between the primary base station and the mobile station is greater than the first threshold, indicating that the channel between the primary base station and the mobile station is very good, and no multi-point cooperation is required.
  • the channel estimation value between the primary base station and the mobile station is smaller than the second threshold, indicating that the channel between the primary base station and the mobile station is very bad, and the primary base station is incapable of performing multi-point cooperation. Therefore, in this case, it is determined that there is no need to perform much. Point cooperation.
  • the channel estimation value between the neighboring base station and the mobile station is greater than the third threshold, indicating that the channel between the neighboring base station and the mobile station is very good, and no multi-point cooperation is required.
  • the channel estimation value between the adjacent and mobile stations is smaller than the fourth threshold, indicating that the channel between the neighboring base station and the mobile station is very bad, and the neighboring base stations are not capable of multi-point cooperation.
  • the primary base station further determines which multi-point cooperative transmission mode is required. To this end, in an embodiment of the present invention, in step S403, the primary base station determines whether the channel estimation value between the primary base station and the mobile station is lower than a fifth threshold between the first threshold and the second threshold, If it is lower than the fifth threshold, it is judged that the relevant multi-point cooperative transmission mode needs to be performed. On the other hand, when it is determined in step S403 that the channel estimation value between the primary base station and the mobile station is not lower than the fifth threshold, it is determined in step S404 whether the channel estimation value between the neighboring base station and the mobile station is higher than In the first A sixth threshold between the third threshold and the fourth threshold.
  • the sixth threshold it is determined that the first type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode needs to be adopted. If it is determined that the value is not higher than the sixth threshold, it is determined that the second type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode needs to be adopted.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing another exemplary embodiment in which a primary base station selects a transmission mode.
  • the flow shown in FIG. 5 is substantially the same as the flow shown in FIG. 4, but after determining in step S404 that the channel estimation value between the neighboring base station and the mobile station is higher than the sixth threshold, the data is further determined in step S405. Whether the flow is greater than a predetermined value. If it is greater than the predetermined value, the first type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode is adopted, otherwise, the second type of uncorrelated multi-point cooperative transmission mode is adopted.
  • the mobile station may not measure the channel estimate between the cooperating base station and only the channel estimate between the primary base station and the primary base station.
  • the primary base station estimates the channel estimation value between the base station and the cooperative base station based on the geographical location of the mobile station, and further determines whether a coordinated multi-point transmission mode should be adopted and which multi-point cooperative transmission mode should be adopted.
  • step S401 may become a step of performing channel estimation.
  • Figure 6A illustrates a mobile station in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver employs ⁇ SE detection, and it is assumed that the receiver is completely identical in time to each base station when receiving the transmission signals of the respective base stations. If the time is different, the time error can be compensated by a simple linear phase adjustment.
  • the mobile station 60 includes a channel estimating unit 61, a transmitting unit 62, a receiving unit 63, a channel matrix forming unit 64, and a decoding unit 65.
  • the channel estimating unit 61 estimates the channel estimation value with the primary base station and estimates the channel estimation value with the neighboring base station.
  • Transmitting unit 62 passes the estimated channel estimate to the primary base station.
  • the transmitting unit 62 may also transmit the estimated channel estimate value with the neighboring base station to the neighboring base station.
  • the channel estimation unit 61 can estimate only the channel estimation value with the neighboring base station.
  • the receiving unit 63 receives information about whether the multi-point cooperative transmission mode is entered when entering the coordinated mode, the multi-point cooperative transmission mode, and the codebook used by the primary base station and the cooperative base station, which are sent by the primary base station. For example, in CDMA, the above information can be sent through the downlink command channel CIPCH channel; In the LTE system, this information can be transmitted through the PDCCH channel. In addition, the receiving unit also receives data from the primary base station and/or neighboring base stations.
  • the channel matrix forming unit 64 Upon being notified to enter the related multi-point cooperative transmission mode and the first type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode, the channel matrix forming unit 64 forms a channel matrix by performing channel estimation on the antenna of the primary base station and the antenna of the adjacent base station; When entering the second type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode, the channel matrix forming unit 64 performs channel estimation on the antenna of the base station serving the user to form a channel matrix.
  • the decoding unit 65 decodes data from the primary base station and the adjacent base station based on the channel matrix and the coordinated cooperative transmission mode notified by the primary base station and the channel matrix. Specifically, when it is notified that the related multi-point cooperative transmission mode is entered, the decoding unit 65 regards the data from the different base stations received by the receiving unit 63 on the same resource as the same data, and performs decoding. In the embodiment of the present invention, the same resource refers to the same subcarrier resource of the same symbol at the same time. Upon being notified to enter the first type of related multi-point cooperative transmission mode, the decoding unit 65 regards the data from the different base stations received by the receiving unit 63 on the same resource as different data, and performs decoding. The decoding can be performed using a well-known ⁇ SE receiver, ZF receiver, or the like.
  • the primary base station may only inform the mobile station of the incoming multi-point cooperative transmission mode and the second type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode.
  • Figure 6B illustrates a mobile station in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile station shown in Fig. 6B adds a judging unit 66 as compared with the mobile station shown in Fig. 6A.
  • the judging unit 66 judges whether or not multi-point cooperative transmission is required according to the channel estimation value estimated by the channel estimating unit 61, and which cooperative transmission is performed, and determines a codebook which the main base station and the cooperative base station should use.
  • the request for entering the multi-point multi-point cooperative transmission mode including the determined multi-point cooperative transmission mode and the determined codebook is transmitted to the main base station.
  • the determining unit 66 may only determine whether multi-point cooperative transmission is required and which cooperative transmission is to be performed without determining the codebook that the primary base station and the cooperative base station should use.
  • the receiving unit 63 receives a notification from the primary base station as to whether or not to accept the request of the mobile station.
  • the notification further includes the confirmed multipoint cooperative transmission mode, and the codebook to be employed by the primary base station and the cooperative base station.
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic functional block diagram of a primary base station in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the primary base station 70 includes a receiving unit 71, a determining unit 72, and a A transmitting unit 73 and a second transmitting unit 74.
  • the receiving unit 71 receives the channel estimate from the mobile station or receives the precoding matrix value from the mobile station.
  • the primary base station further includes a channel estimation unit for estimating between the primary base station and the mobile station The channel estimate of the channel.
  • the judging unit 72 judges whether to enter the multi-point cooperative transmission mode according to the channel estimation value or the precoding matrix, and enters the multi-point cooperative transmission mode if entering the multi-point cooperative transmission mode.
  • the determining unit 72 also determines a coded modulation scheme, a codebook to be used, and the like which the primary base station and the cooperative base station should employ.
  • the coded modulation scheme and the codebook used the criterion of the a posteriori SNR or the maximum throughput can be used.
  • the a posteriori signal-to-noise ratio maximum criterion used in determining the codebook and the coded modulation scheme that is, in a certain decoding algorithm (such as a zero-forcing algorithm or a ⁇ SE algorithm), selecting a code that maximizes the posterior SNR of the system. And selecting a corresponding code modulation scheme according to the obtained posterior signal to noise ratio;
  • the criterion for the highest throughput used in determining the codebook and coded modulation scheme that is, the selection of the system to achieve the throughput of a certain decoding algorithm (such as the zero-forcing algorithm or the ⁇ SE algorithm) and the target frame error rate of the system.
  • the largest codebook and coded modulation scheme that is, the selection of the system to achieve the throughput of a certain decoding algorithm (such as the zero-forcing algorithm or the ⁇ SE algorithm) and the target frame error rate of the system.
  • the first transmitting unit 73 notifies the cooperative base station of the selected multi-point cooperative transmission mode, for example, through an interface between the base station and the base station (for example, an X2 interface), and selects more relevant
  • the point cooperative transmission mode it is used to transmit data to be transmitted to the mobile station by the cooperative base station to the cooperative base station. This data is the same as the data that the primary base station is to send to the mobile station.
  • the first type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode is selected, the data to be transmitted by the cooperative base station to the mobile station is transmitted to the cooperative base station. This data is different from the data that the primary base station is to send to the mobile station.
  • the first transmitting unit 73 also transmits data transmission information indicating a codebook (precoding matrix), a coded modulation scheme, and the like.
  • the first transmitting unit 73 can directly transmit information indicating a codebook, a coded modulation scheme, and the like which the cooperative base station should employ.
  • the codebook used by the primary base station may also be transmitted, and the cooperative base station determines the codebook that should be used according to the codebook used by the primary base station.
  • the first transmission unit 73 collectively transmits cooperation information such as data transmission information and data sent to the cooperative base station.
  • the second transmitting unit 74 transmits to the mobile station a multipoint cooperation message indicating which multipoint cooperation mode or the like is employed.
  • the second sending unit 74 further sends the coded modulation mode and codebook information used by the primary base station and the coded modulation mode and codebook information used by the cooperative base station to the mobile station.
  • the second transmitting unit 74 transmits the primary base to the mobile station. The code modulation mode and codebook information used by the station, but the code modulation mode and codebook information used by the cooperative base station are not transmitted.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic functional block diagram of a cooperative base station in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cooperative base station 80 includes a receiving unit 81, a determining unit 82, and a transmitting unit 83.
  • the receiving unit 81 receives information indicating whether to enter the multi-point cooperative transmission mode, which multi-point cooperative transmission mode to enter, the coding modulation method to be used, the codebook (precoding matrix), and the like, and the data to be transmitted, etc. from the primary base station. .
  • the determining unit 82 determines the code modulation mode and the codebook (precoding matrix) to be used by the cooperative base station based on the information from the primary base station.
  • the determining unit directly determines the indicated coded modulation mode and the codebook as the coded modulation mode and codebook to be used (precoding) matrix).
  • the primary base station does not perform a direct indication, but only gives a coded modulation scheme and codebook information used by the primary base station, and a channel estimation value between the mobile station and the cooperative base station, the determining unit 82 determines, based on the information, The coded modulation scheme and codebook (precoding matrix) used.
  • the transmitting unit 83 Upon being instructed to enter the multipoint cooperative transmission mode, the transmitting unit 83 transmits data to the mobile station based on the coded modulation scheme and the codebook determined by the determining unit 82. Upon entering the relevant coordinated multi-point transmission mode and the first type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode, the data transmitted by the transmitting unit 83 is derived from the data transmitted from the primary base station received by the receiving unit. In the second type of non-correlated multi-point cooperative transmission mode, the transmitting unit 83 does not transmit data to the mobile station that needs the multi-point cooperation service, but transmits the data to the mobile station serving itself by using the code modulation scheme, the codebook, etc. notified by the primary base station. To minimize interference to mobile stations that require multiple cooperative services. Since the data of the cooperative base station is also objectively received (as interference) by the mobile station at this time, it is collectively referred to as cooperation data together with the data received from the primary base station.
  • the mobile station and each base station contain various other units necessary for realizing their own functions. These other units are, for example, a control unit (such as a CPU) that controls components of the mobile station and the base station, a storage unit that stores data and codebook information, and an interface unit (such as a display and an operation key) that is convenient for a worker or a user to operate. and many more.
  • a control unit such as a CPU
  • a storage unit that stores data and codebook information
  • an interface unit such as a display and an operation key
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart showing the processing of an embodiment of a communication system consisting of a mobile station, a primary base station, and a cooperative base station. Although a cooperative base station is shown in the figure, it should be noted that there may be multiple cooperative base stations.
  • a mobile station Channel estimation is performed (S91), and channel estimation values of channels between the mobile station and the primary base station and between the mobile station and the cooperative base station are estimated. Then, the mobile station transmits the channel estimation value to the primary base station (S92). The primary base station determines whether to perform multi-point cooperation according to the received channel estimation value, and performs a multi-point cooperative transmission mode (S93) to be used for multi-point cooperation.
  • the form of multi-point cooperation is indicated, and the multi-point cooperation message of the coded modulation mode, the codebook, and the like used by the primary base station and the cooperative base station is sent to the mobile station (S94), which will include Cooperative information indicating a multipoint cooperative transmission mode, a coded modulation scheme, a code transmission information of a codebook (precoding matrix), and data (in the case of related cooperation and a first type of non-related cooperation) are transmitted to the cooperative base station (S95) And transmitting data to the mobile station (S96).
  • the cooperative base station After receiving the cooperation information from the primary base station, the cooperative base station determines the code modulation mode, the codebook (precoding matrix) used, and the like (S97), and then transmits the cooperation data (S98). Thereafter, the mobile station decodes data from the primary base station and from the cooperative base station according to the multipoint cooperation message sent by the primary base station (S99)
  • Figure 10 is a flow chart showing the processing of another embodiment of a communication system consisting of a mobile station, a primary base station, and a cooperative base station.
  • channel estimation is first performed by a mobile station (S101), which estimates only a channel estimation value of a channel between a mobile station and a primary base station. Then, the mobile station transmits the channel estimation value to the primary base station (S102). The primary base station determines whether to perform multi-point cooperation according to the received channel estimation value and the geographical position of the mobile station, and performs a multi-point cooperative transmission mode to be used for multi-point cooperation (S103).
  • a multi-point cooperation message indicating the form of multi-point cooperation, the coding modulation mode used by the primary base station, the codebook, and the like is transmitted to the mobile station (S104), and the indication includes multiple points.
  • the cooperative transmission mode, the coded modulation scheme, the data transmission information of the codebook, and the cooperation information are transmitted to the cooperative base station (S105), and are transmitted to the mobile station.
  • the mobile station After receiving the multipoint cooperation information from the primary base station, the mobile station performs channel estimation (S107), and transmits the channel estimation value to the cooperative base station (S108). After receiving the cooperation information from the primary base station and the channel estimation value of the mobile station, the cooperative base station determines a code modulation mode, a used codebook, and the like (S109), and then transmits the determined decoding information to the mobile station (S110), The cooperation data (Slll) is then sent. Thereafter, the mobile station decodes data from the primary base station and from the cooperative base station based on the multipoint cooperation message transmitted by the primary base station and the decoding information transmitted by the cooperative base station (S112).
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing the processing of still another embodiment of a communication system consisting of a mobile station, a primary base station, and a cooperative base station.
  • channel estimation is first performed by the mobile station (S201), which estimates the channel estimation value of the channel between the mobile station and the primary base station, and the mobile station and The channel estimate of the channel between the cooperating base stations. Then, the mobile station determines, according to the channel estimation value, whether multi-point cooperative transmission is required, and which form of multi-point cooperative transmission is required, and the codebook that the primary base station and the cooperative base station should adopt in the coordinated cooperative transmission mode (precoding) Matrix), code modulation method, etc. (S202).
  • precoding precoding
  • Matrix code modulation method
  • a request for multi-point cooperative transmission of the request including the above information is transmitted to the primary base station (S203).
  • the primary base station determines whether the request can be accepted, and transmits an acknowledgement message to the mobile station (S204), and simultaneously transmits the cooperation information to the cooperative base station (S205), and then transmits data to the mobile station (S206).
  • the cooperative base station determines the code modulation mode, the codebook to be used, and the like according to the received cooperation information, and transmits the cooperation data (S207). Thereafter, the mobile station decodes data from the primary base station and from the cooperative base station (S208).
  • the primary base station can reasonably schedule the request information according to resources currently being used by the base station and the cooperative base station, for example, if the primary base station finds that the precoding matrix corresponding to each base station indicated in the request information is not used in each base station, The primary base station may receive the request and determine a corresponding multi-point cooperative transmission mode. If the primary base station finds that the base station corresponding precoding matrix indicated in the request information is being used by one of the base stations or each base station, the primary base station may reject The request.
  • the transmitted data should be precoded on each subcarrier in the frequency domain of the OFDM system by a preselected codebook, and in each subframe, each subcarrier
  • the carriers are numbered by Z , where k is the number of the subcarrier in each OFDM symbol, and 1 is the number of each OFDM symbol.
  • the precoded signal is transmitted on M transmit antennas and received by N receive antennas, and the received signal can be expressed as
  • r(k, /) ⁇ 0 (k, l)-U 0 - s 0 (k, /) + ⁇ ⁇ (k, l)-U s l (k, /) + ⁇ k, /) ( 0 ⁇ )
  • r(kj , ⁇ , , /), UW) and (W) represent the received signal, the channel response matrix, the coding vector, the transmitted signal, and the AWGN noise vector, respectively, and the respective vector dimensions are Wxl, NxM , xl, 1x1 and Wxl.
  • the base station as defined herein should be interpreted broadly and should include various means of forming its own service area, serving the communication devices in the service area.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in software executed by hardware (logical means such as a computer).
  • the hardware such as a logic device such as a computer
  • the hardware may implement the above method or its constituent steps, or cause the hardware (a logical device such as a computer) to function as the device component of the present invention described above. .
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • electrically programmable ROM electrically erasable programmable ROM
  • registers hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or the art. Any other form of storage medium.

Description

通信装置、 基站和多点合作通信方法 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信技术， 尤其涉及无线通信系统中多基站或者多小区合 作通信的方法与装置。 背景技术
到目前为止， 无线通信系统已经得到了长足的发展。 原先的第二代移动通 信系统 GSM不断向通用无线分组业务 GPRS、 改进数据率的 EDGE等技术演进， 大 幅度提高了系统的数据传输能力。 具有更高传输速率的第三代移动通信系统例 如宽带码分多址 WCDMA、 CDMA2000等技术也在全球许多国家和地区纷纷部署， 开始投入商用。 在蜂窝通信技术发展的同时， 其他一些无线接入技术例如无线 局域网 WLAN和微波接入全球互通 WiMAX也有了迅猛发展。 此外， 面向第四代移 动通信系统的 IEEE 802. 16m技术和第三代合作伙伴项目演进技术 3GPP LTE、 第 三代合作伙伴项目演进技术增强 3GPP LTE+等项目也已经开始启动进入研发阶 段。
随着人们对高速多媒体通信以及高速无线因特网的接入业务需求急速增 长， 而又面临无线频谱资源有限的情况下， 利用现有的频带资源充分提高通信 系统的传输速率和频谱利用率是亟待解决的问题。 鉴于多天线技术能提高传输 容量或者信号质量， 以上各种系统都采用了多天线技术， 在 3GPP LTE-Advanced 系统中和 IEEE 802. 16m中甚至定义了基站到移动台的 8发射天线和 8接收天线 的天线模式。
多天线系统的空时处理技术主要包括空间复用和空间分集等。 空间分集是 空时编码将数据分成多个数据子流在多根天线上同时发送， 通过在发射天线间 的时域引入编码冗余得到分集增益。 空间复用是在发射天线发送独立的信息流， 接收端采用干扰抑制的方法进行解码， 以实现最大化速率。 一般来讲， 空间复 用技术可用来提高无线通信系统的吞吐量， 而空间分集技术可用来扩大无线通 信系统的覆盖。
无线通信系统中， 小区边缘的用户不但由于距离服务基站远， 接收到服务 基站的信号较弱而且受到临近小区基站信号的干扰也很大， 从而恶化小区边缘 用户的系统吞吐量。 以下列出了本发明的参考文献， 通过引用将它们并入于此， 如同在本说明 书中作了详尽描述。
1、 [专利文献 1]： COX TIMOTHY [US] ； KHOSHNEVIS AHMAD [US] , COOPERATIVE MULTIPLE ACCESS IN WIRELESS NETWORKS (W02008157147) ；
2、 [专利文献 2] : SHEN MANYUAN [US] ； XING GUANBIN [US] , Cooperative
MIMO in Multicell wireless networks (US2008260064)；
3、 [专利文献 3] : LI ANXIN [CN] ； LI XIANGMING [CN]， UPLINK MULTIPLE-INPUT-MULTIPLE-OUTPUT (MIMO) AND COOPERATIVE MIMO TRANSMISSIONS (W02008124535) ；
4、 [专利文献 4] : MEHTA NEELESH B [US] ； ZHANG HONGYUAN [US] , System and method for transmitting signals in cooperative base station multi-user MIMO networks (US2007248172) ；
5、 [专利文献 5]： KIM SUNG JIN [KR] ； KIM HO JIN [KR]， METHOD FOR COOPERATIVE DIVERSITY IN MIMO WIRELESS NETWORK (KR20060111238)；
6、 [专利文献 6]： KIM SUNG-JIN [KR] ； KIM HO-JI [KR]， Method of providing cooperative diversity in a MIMO wireless network (US2006239222 );
7、 [非专利文献 1] : Ayman F. Naguid, Vahid Tarokh, Nambirajan Seshadri, A. Robert Calderbank, "A Space-Time Coding Modem for High-Data-Rate Wireless Communications,，， IN IEEE JSAC, vol. 16， no. 8， October 1998， pp. 1459-1478；
8、 [非专利文献 2] : V. Tarokh, N. Seshadri, A. R. Calderbank, "Space-time codes for high data rate wireless communication : performance criterion and code construction" ， IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 44 : 744-765， March 1998。 发明内容
本发明的实施方式鉴于现有技术的上述问题提出， 旨在解决现有技术中存 在的一种或更多种的缺点， 至少提供一种有益的选择。
为了实现本发明的目的， 本发明的实施方式提供了以下的方面。
方面 1、 一种通信装置， 该通信装置包括：
信道估计单元， 用于获得该通信装置与该通信装置所在的小区的小区基站 之间的信道的信道估计值， 即， 通信装置与小区基站之间的信道估计值； 发送单元， 用于将所述信道估计值或基于所述信道估计值的信息传送给所 述小区基站；
接收单元， 用于接收来自所述小区基站的多点合作消息， 所述多点合作消 息指示多点合作传输模式、 该小区基站所采用的码本或预编码矩阵、 以及与所 述小区基站进行合作的合作基站所采用的码本或预编码矩阵；
信道矩阵形成单元， 用于根据所述多点合作消息获得信道矩阵； 以及 解码单元， 根据所述信道矩阵和所述多点合作消息对接收到的信号进行解 码。
方面 2、根据方面 1所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述多点合作消息指示所述多 点合作传输模式为相关多点合作传输模式， 所述信道矩阵形成单元对所述小区 基站的天线和所述合作基站的天线进行信道估计形成信道矩阵， 所述解码单元 将来自所述小区基站的数据和来自所述合作基站的数据视为相同的数据而对所 接收的信号进行解码。
方面 3、根据方面 1所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述多点合作消息指示所述多 点合作传输模式为第一类非相关多点合作传输模式， 所述信道矩阵形成单元对 所述小区基站的天线和所述合作基站的天线进行信道估计形成信道矩阵， 所述 解码单元将来自所述小区基站的数据和来自所述合作基站的数据视为不同的数 据而对所接收的信号进行解码。
方面 4、根据方面 1所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述多点合作消息指示所述多 点合作传输模式为第二类非相关多点合作传输模式， 所述信道矩阵形成单元对 所述小区基站的天线进行信道估计形成信道矩阵， 所述解码单元针对来自所述 小区基站的数据而对所接收的信号进行解码。
方面 5、根据方面 1所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述信道估计单元还获得该通 信装置与所述合作基站之间的信道估计值； 所述发送单元将该通信装置与所述 合作基站之间的所述信道估计值传送给所述小区基站。
方面 6、根据方面 1所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述信道估计单元还获得该通 信装置与所述合作基站之间的信道的信道估计值， 即， 通信装置与合作基站之 间的信道估计值； 所述通信装置还包括判断单元， 所述判断单元判断是否应进 行多点合作传输； 在判断出应进行多点合作传输时， 所述发送单元向所述小区 基站发送请求进行多点合作传输的请求， 作为基于所述信道估计值的信息。 方面 7、根据方面 6所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述判断单元还判断应采用的 多点合作传输模式以及所述小区基站和合作基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵， 所述发送单元向所述小区基站发送的所述请求中包含指示所述多点合作传输模 式和所述码本或预编码矩阵的信息。
方面 8、根据方面 7所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述判断单元在判断出应采用 第二类非相关多点合作传输模式时， 根据使该通信装置的后验信噪比或吞吐量 最大的准则确定所述小区基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵， 并根据使该通信装 置的后验信噪比或吞吐量最小的准则确定所述合作基站应采用的码本或预编码 矩阵。
方面 9、根据方面 7所述的通信装置， 其中， 在所述通信装置与所述小区基 站之间的信道估计值在第一阈值和第二阈值之间并且所述通信装置与所述合作 基站之间的信道估计值在第三阈值和第四阈值之间时所述判断单元判断应进行 多点合作传输； 在所述通信装置与所述小区基站之间的信道估计值低于处于第 一阈值和第二阈值之间的第五阈值时， 所述判断单元判断应采用相关多点合作 传输模式； 在所述通信装置与所述小区基站之间的信道估计值高于所述第五阈 值， 并且所述通信装置与所述合作基站之间的信道估计值高于第三阈值和第四 阈值之间的第六阈值时， 所述判断单元判断应采用第一类相关多点合作传输模 式； 在所述通信装置与所述小区基站之间的信道估计值高于所述第五阈值， 并 且所述通信装置与所述合作基站之间的信道估计值低于所述第六阈值时， 所述 判断单元判断应采用第二类相关多点合作传输模式。
方面 10、 一种基站， 该基站包括：
接收单元， 接收来自该基站服务的小区中的通信装置的针对所述通信装置 与所述基站之间的信道的信道估计值， 即与所述基站之间的信道估计值；
判断单元， 根据所述信道估计值， 判断是否应进行多点合作传输、 应采用 的多点合作传输模式、 所述基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵、 以及与所述基站 合作的合作基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵的信息；
第一发送单元， 所述第一发送单元向所述合作基站通知合作信息， 所述合 作信息包含指示所述多点合作传输模式、 所述合作基站应采用的码本的信息以 及所述合作基站应发送的数据； 以及
第二发送单元， 向所述通信装置发送指示采用的多点合作传输模式、 所述 基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵、 以及与所述基站合作的合作基站应采用的码 本或预编码矩阵的信息， 以及应由所述通信装置接收的数据。
方面 11、根据方面 10所述的基站，其中所述判断单元根据所述信道估计值 和所述通信装置的地理位置进行所述判断。
方面 12、根据方面 10所述的基站，其中所述接收单元还接收来自所述通信 装置的针对所述通信装置与所述合作基站之间的信道的信道估计值， 即与合作 基站之间的信道估计值； 所述判断单元根据所述通信装置与所述合作基站之间 的信道估计值和所述通信装置与所述基站之间的信道估计值进行所述判断。
方面 13、根据方面 12所述的基站，其中在所述通信装置与所述基站之间的 信道估计值在第一阈值和第二阈值之间并且所述通信装置与所述合作基站之间 的信道估计值在第三阈值和第四阈值之间时所述判断单元判断应进行多点合作 传输； 在所述通信装置与所述基站之间的信道估计值低于处于第一阈值和第二 阈值之间的第五阈值时， 所述判断单元判断应采用相关多点合作传输模式； 在 所述通信装置与所述基站之间的信道估计值高于所述第五阈值， 并且所述通信 装置与所述合作基站之间的信道估计值高于第三阈值和第四阈值之间的第六阈 值时， 所述判断单元判断应采用第一类相关多点合作传输模式； 在所述通信装 置与所述基站之间的信道估计值高于所述第五阈值， 并且所述通信装置与所述 合作基站之间的信道估计值低于所述第六阈值时， 所述判断单元判断应采用第 二类相关多点合作传输模式。
方面 14、根据方面 10所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述判断单元在判断出应采 用第二类非相关多点合作传输模式时， 根据使所述通信装置的后验信噪比或吞 吐量最大的准则确定所述基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵， 并根据使所述通信 装置的后验信噪比或吞吐量最小的准则确定所述合作基站应采用的码本或预编 码矩阵。
方面 15、根据方面 13所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述判断单元在判断出应采 用相关多点合作传输模式时， 所述第一发送单元向所述合作基站发送与所述基 站要发送给所述通信装置的数据相同的数据； 所述判断单元在判断出应采用第 一类相关多点合作传输模式时， 所述第一发送单元向所述合作基站发送与所述 基站要发送给所述通信装置的数据不同的数据； 所述判断单元在判断出应采用 第一类相关多点合作传输模式时， 所述第一发送单元不向所述合作基站发送数 据。
方面 16、 一种通信装置使用的多点合作通信方法， 所述多点合作通信方法 包括以下歩骤：
信道估计歩骤， 获得与该通信装置所在的小区的小区基站之间的信道的信 道估计值， 即， 通信装置与小区基站之间的信道估计值；
发送歩骤， 将所述信道估计值或基于所述信道估计值的信息传送给所述小 区基站；
接收歩骤， 接收来自所述小区基站的多点合作消息， 所述多点合作消息指 示多点合作传输模式、 该小区基站所采用的码本或预编码矩阵、 以及与所述小 区基站进行合作的合作基站所采用的码本或预编码矩阵；
信道矩阵形成歩骤， 根据所述多点合作消息获得信道矩阵； 以及
解码歩骤， 根据所述信道矩阵和所述多点合作消息对接收到的信号进行解 码。
方面 17、根据方面 16所述的多点合作通信方法， 其中， 所述多点合作消息 指示所述多点合作传输模式为相关多点合作传输模式， 所述信道矩阵形成歩骤 对所述小区基站的天线和所述合作基站的天线进行信道估计形成信道矩阵， 所 述解码歩骤将来自所述小区基站的数据和来自所述合作基站的数据视为相同的 数据而对所接收的信号进行解码。
方面 18、根据方面 16所述的多点合作通信方法， 其中， 所述多点合作消息 指示所述多点合作传输模式为第一类非相关多点合作传输模式， 所述信道矩阵 形成歩骤对所述小区基站的天线和所述合作基站的天线进行信道估计形成信道 矩阵， 所述解码歩骤将来自所述小区基站的数据和来自所述合作基站的数据视 为不同的数据而对所接收的信号进行解码。
方面 19、根据方面 16所述的多点合作通信方法， 其中， 所述多点合作消息 指示所述多点合作传输模式为第二类非相关多点合作传输模式， 所述信道矩阵 形成歩骤对所述小区基站的天线进行信道估计形成信道矩阵， 所述解码歩骤针 对来自所述小区基站的数据而对所接收的信号进行解码。
方面 20、根据方面 16所述的多点合作通信方法， 其中， 所述信道估计歩骤 还获得该通信装置与所述合作基站之间的信道估计值； 所述发送歩骤将该通信 装置与所述合作基站之间的所述信道估计值传送给所述小区基站。
方面 21、根据方面 16所述的多点合作通信方法， 其中， 所述信道估计歩骤 还获得该通信装置与所述合作基站之间的的信道的信道估计值， 即， 通信装置 与合作基站之间的信道估计值； 所述多点合作通信方法还包括判断歩骤， 所述 判断单元判断是否应进行多点合作传输； 在判断出应进行多点合作传输时， 所 述发送歩骤向所述小区基站发送请求进行多点合作传输的请求， 作为基于所述 信道估计值的信息。
方面 22、根据方面 21所述的多点合作通信方法， 其中， 所述判断歩骤还判 断应采用的多点合作传输模式以及所述小区基站和合作基站应采用的码本或预 编码矩阵， 所述发送歩骤向所述小区基站发送的所述请求中包含指示所述多点 合作传输模式和所述码本或预编码矩阵的信息。
方面 23、 一种基站， 该基站包括：
接收单元， 接收来自该基站服务的小区中的通信装置的请求进行多点合作 传输的请求， 所述请求中包括指示应采用的多点合作传输模式、 所述基站应采 用的码本或预编码矩阵、 以及与所述基站合作的合作基站应采用的码本或预编 码矩阵的信息；
第一发送单元， 所述第一发送单元向所述合作基站通知合作信息， 所述合 作信息包含指示所述多点合作传输模式、 所述合作基站应采用的码本或预编码 矩阵的信息以及所述合作基站应发送的数据； 以及
第二发送单元， 向所述通信装置发送针对所述请求的确认以及应由所述通 信装置接收的数据。
方面 24、根据方面 23所述的基站， 该基站还包括判断单元， 所述判断单元 判断所述请求是否应该接受。
依据本发明的实施方式， 基站之间能够进行良好的合作来为移动台提供服 务， 能够改善服务质量。 附图说明
参照下面结合附图对本发明实施例的说明， 会更加容易地理解本发明的以 上和其它目的、 特点和优点。 附图中的部件不是成比例绘制的， 而只是为了示 出本发明的原理。 为了便于示出和描述本发明的一些部分， 附图中对应部分可 能被放大， 即， 使其相对于在依据本发明实际制造的示例性装置中的其它部件 变得更大。 在附图中， 相同的或对应的技术特征或部件将采用相同或对应的附 图标记来表示。
图 1示出了依据本发明实施方式的相关多点合作传输模式。
图 2示出了依据本发明实施方式的第一类非相关多点合作传输模式。 图 3示出了依据本发明实施方式的第二类非相关多点合作传输模式。
图 4是示出了主基站选择传输模式的一种示例性实施方式的流程图。
图 5是示出了主基站选择传输模式的另一种示例性实施方式的流程图。
图 6A示出了依据本发明的一种实施方式的移动台。
图 6B示出了依据本发明的另一种实施方式的移动台。
图 7示出了依据本发明的一种实施方式的主基站的示意性功能框图。
图 8示出了依据本发明的一种实施方式的合作基站的示意性功能框图。 图 9示出了由移动台、 主基站、 合作基站组成的通信系统的一种实施方式 的处理流程图。
图 10示出了由移动台、 主基站、 合作基站组成的通信系统的另一种实施方 式的处理流程图。
图 11示出了由移动台、 主基站、 合作基站组成的通信系统的又一种实施方 式的处理流程图。 具体实施方式
下面参照附图来说明本发明的实施方式。 应当注意， 为了清楚的目的， 附 图和说明中省略了与本发明无关的、 本领域普通技术人员已知的部件和处理的 表示和描述。
在所述的说明和附图中， 详细公开了本发明的特定实施方式， 指明了本发 明的原理可以被采用的方式。 应该理解， 本发明在范围上并不因而受到限制。 在所附权利要求的精神和条款的范围内， 本发明包括许多改变、 修改和等同。
针对一种实施方式描述和 /或示出的特征可以以相同或类似的方式在一个 或更多个其它实施方式中使用， 与其它实施方式中的特征相组合， 或替代其它 实施方式中的特征。
应该强调， 术语 "包括 /包含"在本文使用时指特征、 要素、 歩骤或组件的 存在， 但并不排除一个或更多个其它特征、 要素、 歩骤或组件的存在或附加。
依据本发明的实施方式， 主基站和合作基站可以采用相关多点合作传输模 式、 第一类非相关多点合作传输模式和第二类非相关多点合作传输模式对移动 台进行多点合作。 下面对这三种多点合作传输模式进行介绍。
在本文中， 假定在合作通信中， 主基站的长期统计信号功率大于其他合作 基站 （也称相邻基站） 的长期统计信号功率。 图 1示出了依据本发明实施方式的相关多点合作传输模式。 如图 1所示， 在这种模式下， 主基站和合作基站共同服务一个移动台， 使用相同或不同的码 本对相同的数据进行预编码， 数据 ^在经过预编码后， 通过主基站和合作基站发 送给移动台。 在这种情况下， 移动台必须对信道 。(^和^^)同时进行信道估 计。 可以由主基站以该信道估计的结果为依据为主基站自己和合作基站选择一 个码本， 分别表示为 和 。 另选地， 可以由移动台以该信道估计的结果为依 据为主基站自己和合作基站分别选择码本 ^ 和 ， 另外， 也可以由主基站以该 信道估计的结果为依据为主基站自己一个码本 ， 由合作基站根据码本 ^。选择 码本 。 移动台的接收信号仅仅受到 AWGN噪声的干扰。
图 2示出了依据本发明实施方式的第一类非相关多点合作传输模式。如图 2 所示， 在这种模式下， 主基站和合作基站共同服务一个移动台， 使用相同或不 同的码本并传送不同的数据。在这种情况下，移动台必须对信道 r k，0和 k，l 同 时进行信道估计。 由主基站以该信道估计的结果为依据为主基站自己和合作基 站选择一个码本， 分别表示为 ^ 和 。 另选地， 可以由移动台以该信道估计的 结果为依据为主基站自己和合作基站分别选择码本^7。 和 ， 另外， 也可以由主 基站以该信道估计的结果为依据为主基站自己一个码本 ^， 由合作基站根据码 本 ^。选择码本 。
在主基站的发送数据 在经过 ^的预编码后发送给移动台的同时， 合作基 站的发送数据 在经过 的预编码后发送给移动台。移动台的接收信号除了来自 主基站的有用信号 和来自合作基站的有用信号 外， 由于码本的非完全理想， 还会存在这两个信号的相互干扰值； 此外， 还要受到 AWGN噪声的干扰。
图 3示出了依据本发明实施方式的第二类非相关多点合作传输模式。如图 3 所示， 在这种模式下， 主基站和合作基站分别服务各自的移动台， 使用不同或 者相同的码本并传送不同的数据。在这种情况下，移动台对信道 r。(k，0和 r ，l 同 时进行信道估计。 可以由主基站以该信道估计的结果为依据为主基站自己和合 作基站选择一个码本， 分别表示为 ^ 和 。 另选地， 可以由移动台以该信道估 计的结果为依据为主基站自己和合作基站分别选择码本 ^ 和 ， 另外， 也可以 由主基站以该信道估计的结果为依据为主基站自己一个码本 ^7。， 由合作基站根 据码本 ^。选择码本 。 主基站的发送数据 在经过 ^。的预编码后发送给主基站 服务的移动台，合作基站的发送数据 ^在经过 的预编码后发送给合作基站服务 的移动台。主基站的移动台在接收信号时， 除了接收到来自主基站的有用信号 外， 由于码本的非完全理想， 还会存在着合作基站的发送数据 信号的干扰； 此 外， 还要受到 AWGN噪声的干扰。
在第二类非相关多点合作传输模式中， 在主基站和合作服务基站所分别采 用的码本^7。 和 中， 一个码本使得该移动台的后验信噪比（吞吐量）最大， 另 外一个码本使得该移动台的后验信噪比 （吞吐量） 最小。 主基站采用使得该移 动台的后验信噪比 （吞吐量） 最大的码本的基站发送服务于该移动台的信号； 采用使得该移动台的后验信噪比 （吞吐量） 最小的码本的基站发送服务于另外 的移动台的信号。
图 4是示出了主基站选择传输模式的一种示例性实施方式的流程图。如图 4 所示， 首先在歩骤 S401 , 主基站接收来自移动台的对主基站和该移动台之间、 以及该移动台与相邻基站 （与主基站相邻的其它基站） 之间的信道估计值。 在 本发明的实施方式中， 每个移动台都需要对主基站和各相邻基站进行信道估计。
然后， 在歩骤 S402 , 主基站可以根据当前的信道状况判断是否需要进行多 点合作。 例如在一种实施方式中， 当主基站与移动台之间的信道估计值小于第 一阈值并大于第二阈值， 而相邻基站与该移动台之间的信道估计值小于第三阈 值并大于第四阈值时， 判断需要进行多点合作。
主基站与移动台之间的信道估计值大于第一阈值说明主基站与移动台之间 的信道非常好， 无需多点合作。 主基站与移动台之间的信道估计值小于第二阈 值说明主基站与移动台之间的信道非常不好， 主基站没有能力进行多点合作， 因而在这种情况下， 判断为无需进行多点合作。 另一方面， 相邻基站与移动台 之间的信道估计值大于第三阈值说明相邻基站与移动台之间的信道非常好， 无 需多点合作。 相邻与移动台之间的信道估计值小于第四阈值说明相邻基站与移 动台之间的信道非常不好， 相邻基站没有能力进行多点合作。
应该注意， 在另一种实施方式中， 不必判断相邻基站与移动台之间的信道 估计值是否大于第三阈值， 而直接假定其小于第三阈值。
在歩骤 S402判断出需要进行多点合作时，主基站进一歩判断需要进行哪一 种多点合作传输模式。 为此， 在本发明的一种实施方式中， 在歩骤 S403 , 主基 站判断主基站与移动台之间的信道估计值是否低于处于第一阈值和第二阈值之 间的第五阈值， 如果低于第五阈值， 则判断需要进行相关多点合作传输模式。 另一方面， 当在歩骤 S403判断出主基站与移动台之间的信道估计值不低于第五 阈值时， 在歩骤 S404判断相邻基站和移动台之间的信道估计值是否高于处于第 三阈值和第四阈值之间的第六阈值。 如果判断出高于第六阈值， 则判断出需采 用第一类非相关多点合作传输模式。 如果判断出不高于第六阈值， 则判断出需 采用第二类非相关多点合作传输模式。
图 5是示出了主基站选择传输模式的另一种示例性实施方式的流程图。图 5 所示的流程与图 4所示的流程大体相同， 只是在歩骤 S404判断出相邻基站和移 动台之间的信道估计值高于第六阈值之后， 进一歩在歩骤 S405判断数据流量是 否大于预定值。 如果大于预定值， 则采用第一类非相关多点合作传输模式， 否 则， 采用第二类非相关多点合作传输模式。
另外， 在另选的实施方式中， 移动台可以不测量与合作基站之间的信道估 计值， 而只测量与主基站之间的信道估计值。 主基站根据该移动台的地理位置 来推测其与合作基站之间的信道估计值， 并进而确定是否应采用多点合作传输 模式， 以及应采用何种多点合作传输模式。
另外， 尽管在图 4和图 5中由主基站进行是否需要进行多点合作传输以及 采用哪种多点合作传输模式的判断， 但这可以由移动台来进行。 在这种情况下， 例如歩骤 S401中的接收信道估计值的歩骤可以变为进行信道估计的歩骤。
图 6A示出了依据本发明的一种实施方式的移动台。在本发明的实施方式中， 假定接收机采用匪 SE检测， 并且假定接收机在接收各基站的发送信号时， 时间 上与各基站完全同歩。 如果时间不同歩， 可以通过简单的线性相位调整补偿时 间误差。
如图 6A所示， 依据本发明的一种实施方式， 移动台 60包括信道估计单元 61、 发送单元 62、 接收单元 63、 信道矩阵形成单元 64以及解码单元 65。
信道估计单元 61估计与主基站之间的信道估计值，并估计与相邻基站之间 的信道估计值。 发送单元 62将估计出的信道估计值传递给主基站。 另选的是， 发送单元 62 也可以将估计出的与相邻基站之间的信道估计值发送给该相邻基 站。
应该注意， 在某些通信系统中 （例如 TTD系统中）， 上行信道和下行信道是 对称的， 因而在这种情况下， 信道估计单元 61可以只估计与相邻基站之间的信 道估计值。
接收单元 63接收主基站发送的有关于是否进入多点合作传输模式、进入多 点合作传输模式时进入何种多点合作传输模式、 以及主基站和合作基站采用的 码本等信息。如在 CDMA下，可以通过下行指令信道 CIPCH信道发送以上的信息； 在 LTE系统下， 可以通过 PDCCH信道发送该信息。 此外， 接收单元还接收来自 主基站和 /或相邻基站的数据。
在被通知进入相关多点合作传输模式和第一类非相关多点合作传输模式 时， 信道矩阵形成单元 64通过对主基站的天线和相邻基站的天线进行信道估计 形成信道矩阵； 在被通知进入第二类非相关多点合作传输模式时， 信道矩阵形 成单元 64通过对服务于该用户的基站的天线进行信道估计， 形成信道矩阵。
解码单元 65根据信道矩阵和主基站通知的多点合作传输模式和所述信道矩 阵对来自主基站和相邻基站的数据进行解码。 具体地， 在被通知了进入相关多 点合作传输模式时， 解码单元 65将接收单元 63在同一资源上接收的来自不同 基站的数据视为相同的数据， 而进行解码。 在本发明的实施方式中， 同一资源 是指同一时间， 同一符号的相同子载波资源。 在被通知了进入第一类相关多点 合作传输模式时， 解码单元 65将接收单元 63在同一资源上接收的来自不同基 站的数据视为不同的数据， 而进行解码。 解码可以采用共知的匪 SE接收机， ZF 接收机等。
在被通知不进入多点合作传输模式以及进入第二类非相关多点合作传输模 式时， 移动台的处理与现有技术的情况一样。 因而， 在一种实施方式中， 主基 站可以只向移动台通知进入相关多点合作传输模式和第二类非相关多点合作传 输模式。
图 6B示出了依据本发明的另一种实施方式的移动台。 与图 6A所示的移动 台相比， 图 6B所示的移动台增加了判断单元 66。 判断单元 66根据信道估计单 元 61估计出的信道估计值， 判断是否需要进行多点合作传输， 以及进行哪种合 作传输， 并确定主基站和合作基站应采用的码本。 在判断单元 66判断出需要进 行多点合作时， 将包含所确定出的多点合作传输模式、 所确定的码本在内的、 请求进入多点多点合作传输模式的请求发送给主基站。
在另选的实施方式中，判断单元 66可以只判断是否需要进行多点合作传输、 以及进行哪种合作传输， 而不需确定主基站和合作基站应采用的码本。
接收单元 63接收来自主基站的关于是否接受移动台的请求的通知。在一种 实施方式中， 该通知还包括所确认的多点合作传输模式、 以及主基站和合作基 站将采用的码本。
图 7示出了依据本发明的一种实施方式的主基站的示意性功能框图。如图 7 所示， 根据本发明的一种方式， 主基站 70包括接收单元 71、 判断单元 72、 第 一发送单元 73和第二发送单元 74。
接收单元 71接收来自移动台的信道估计值或者接收来自移动台的预编码矩 阵值。 在 TDD系统中， 如果移动台不发送该移动台与该主基站之间的信道的估 计值， 则该主基站还包括信道估计单元， 该信道估计单元用于估计该主基站与 移动台之间的信道的信道估计值。
判断单元 72根据所述信道估计值或者预编码矩阵，判断是否进入多点合作 传输模式， 以及如果进入多点合作传输模式， 进入哪种多点合作传输模式。 另 外， 判断单元 72还确定主基站和合作基站应采用的编码调制方案、 所使用的码 本等。 在确定编码调制方案和采用的码本时， 可采用后验信噪比最大或者吞吐 量最大的准则。
在确定码本和编码调制方案时采用的后验信噪比最大准则， 也就是在一定 的解码算法（比如迫零算法或者匪 SE算法） 下， 选择使得系统的后验信噪比最 大的码本， 并根据所得的后验信噪比选择相应的编码调制方案；
在确定码本和编码调制方案时采用的吞吐量最大的准则， 也就是在一定的 解码算法 （比如迫零算法或者匪 SE算法） 和系统的目标误帧率要求下， 选择使 得系统的吞吐量最大的码本和编码调制方案。
在确定进入多点合作传输模式的情况下，第一发送单元 73例如通过基站和 基站之间的接口 （例如 X2接口） 向合作基站通知所选的多点合作传输模式， 并 在选择了相关多点合作传输模式的情况下， 用于向合作基站发送合作基站要发 送给移动台的数据。 该数据与该主基站要发送给移动台的数据相同。 在选择了 第一类非相关多点合作传输模式的情况下， 向合作基站发送合作基站要发送给 移动台的数据。 该数据与该主基站要发送给移动台的数据不同。 此外， 第一发 送单元 73 还发送指示码本 （预编码矩阵）、 编码调制方案等的数据发送信息。 第一发送单元 73可以直接发送指示合作基站应采用的码本、 编码调制方案等的 信息。 在另一种实施方式中， 也可以发送主基站自身采用的码本， 而由合作基 站根据该主基站所采用的码本来判断自身应该采用的码本。 第一发送单元 73发 送给合作基站的数据发送信息和数据等统称合作信息。
在确定出采用多点合作时，第二发送单元 74向移动台发送指示采用哪种多 点合作方式等的多点合作消息。 在一种实施方式中， 第二发送单元 74还向移动 台发送主基站所采用的编码调制方式和码本信息以及合作基站所采用的编码调 制方式和码本信息。 在另选的实施方式中， 第二发送单元 74向移动台发送主基 站所采用的编码调制方式和码本信息， 但不发送合作基站所采用的编码调制方 式和码本信息。
图 8示出了依据本发明的一种实施方式的合作基站的示意性功能框图。 如 图 8所示， 根据本发明的一种实施方式， 合作基站 80包括接收单元 81、 确定单 元 82和发送单元 83。
接收单元 81接收来自主基站的、 指示是否进入多点合作传输模式、 进入哪 种多点合作传输模式、 应采用的编码调制方式、 码本 （预编码矩阵） 等的信息 以及要发送的数据等。
确定单元 82根据来自主基站的信息，确定该合作基站自身应采用的编码调 制方式和码本 （预编码矩阵） 等。 在主基站直接指示了应采用的编码调制方式 和码本 （预编码矩阵） 等时， 确定单元直接将所指示的编码调制方式和码本确 定为应采用的编码调制方式和码本（预编码矩阵）。在主基站未进行直接的指示， 而只是给出了指示主基站所采用的编码调制方案和码本信息、 移动台与合作基 站之间的信道估计值时， 确定单元 82根据这些信息， 确定应该采用的编码调制 方案和码本 （预编码矩阵） 等。
在被指示进入多点合作传输模式时， 发送单元 83根据确定单元 82确定出 的编码调制方式和码本向移动台发送数据。 在进入相关多点合作传输模式和第 一类非相关多点合作传输模式时， 发送单元 83发送的数据来自接收单元接收的 从主基站发送来的数据。 在第二类非相关多点合作传输模式中， 发送单元 83不 向需要多点合作服务的移动台发送数据， 但采用主基站通知的编码调制方案、 码本等向自身服务的移动台发送数据， 以使对需要多点合作服务的移动台造成 的干扰最小。由于此时合作基站的数据客观上也会被移动台接收到（作为干扰）， 因而其与从主基站接收到的数据一起统称为合作数据。
应该注意， 虽然在上面未说明， 图中也未示出， 但移动台和各基站都包含 实现自身功能所必须的各种其它单元。 这些其它单元例如对移动台和基站的个 组成部件进行控制的控制单元 （如 CPU) , 存储数据、 码本信息的存储单元， 用 于方便工作人员或用户操作的接口单元 （例如显示器、 操作键等） 等。
图 9示出了由移动台、 主基站、 合作基站组成的通信系统的一种实施方式 的处理流程图。 虽然在图中示出了一个合作基站， 但应该注意， 合作基站也可 以有多个。
如图 9所示， 在根据本发明的一种实施方式的通信系统中， 首先由移动台 进行信道估计 （S91), 估计移动台与主基站之间和移动台与合作基站之间的信 道的信道估计值。 然后， 移动台将信道估计值发送给主基站 （S92)。 主基站根 据接收的信道估计值， 确定是否进行多点合作， 以及进行多点合作应采用的多 点合作传输模式 （S93)。 然后在确定出进行多点合作时， 将指示进行何种形式 的多点合作， 主基站和合作基站采用的编码调制方式、 码本等的多点合作消息 发送给移动台（S94), 将包括指示多点合作传输模式、 编码调制方案、 码本（预 编码矩阵） 的数据发送信息以及数据 （在相关合作和第一类非相关合作的情况 下） 等的合作信息发送给合作基站 （S95), 并向移动台发送数据 （S96)。
合作基站在收到来自主基站的合作信息之后， 确定编码调制方式、 所采用 的码本 （预编码矩阵） 等 （S97), 然后发送合作数据 （S98)。 此后， 移动台根 据主基站发送的多点合作消息， 对来自主基站和来自合作基站的数据进行解码 (S99
图 10示出了由移动台、 主基站、 合作基站组成的通信系统的另一种实施方 式的处理流程图。
如图 10所示， 在根据本发明的一种实施方式的通信系统中， 首先由移动台 进行信道估计（S101), 其只估计移动台与主基站之间信道的信道估计值。然后， 移动台将信道估计值发送给主基站 （S102)。 主基站根据接收的信道估计值和该 移动台的地理位置， 确定是否进行多点合作， 以及进行多点合作应采用的多点 合作传输模式 （S103)。 然后在确定出进行多点合作时， 将指示进行何种形式的 多点合作、 主基站采用的编码调制方式、 码本等的多点合作消息发送给移动台 (S104), 将包括指示多点合作传输模式、 编码调制方案、 码本的数据发送信息 以及数据 （在相关合作和第一类非相关合作的情况下） 等在内的合作信息发送 给合作基站 （S105), 并向移动台发送数据 （S106)。
移动台收到来自主基站的多点合作信息之后， 进行信道估计（S107), 并将 信道估计值发送给合作基站 （S108)。 合作基站在收到来自主基站的合作信息和 移动台的信道估计值之后， 确定编码调制方式、 所采用的码本等 （S109), 然后 将所确定的这些解码信息发送给移动台 （S110), 然后发送合作数据 （Slll)。 此后， 移动台根据主基站发送的多点合作消息和合作基站发送的解码信息， 对 来自主基站和来自合作基站的数据进行解码 （S112)。
图 11示出了由移动台、 主基站、 合作基站组成的通信系统的又一种实施方 式的处理流程图。 如图 11所示， 在根据本发明的该种实施方式的通信系统中， 首先由移动台 进行信道估计 （S201), 其估计移动台与主基站之间信道的信道估计值， 以及移 动台与合作基站之间信道的信道估计值。 然后， 移动台根据信道估计值判断是 否需要进行多点合作传输、 以及需要进行哪种形式的多点合作传输、 在该多点 合作传输模式中主基站和合作基站应采用的码本 （预编码矩阵）、 编码调制方式 等 （S202)。 然后在判断出需要进行多点合作传输时， 将包含上述信息的请求进 行多点合作传输的请求发送给主基站 （S203)。 主基站在接收到该请求后， 确定 是否可以接受该请求， 并将确认消息传送给移动台 （S204), 同时， 将合作信息 发送给合作基站 （S205), 随后向移动台发送数据 （S206), 合作基站根据接收 的合作信息， 确定编码调制方式、 所采用的码本等， 发送合作数据 （S207)。 此 后， 移动台对来自主基站和来自合作基站的数据进行解码 （S208)。
主基站可以根据该基站和合作基站的当前正在使用的资源合理调度该请求 信息， 比如： 如果主基站发现该请求信息中指示的各基站对应的预编码矩阵在 各基站中都没有被使用， 则主基站可以接收该请求， 并确定相应的多点合作传 输模式； 如果主基站发现该请求信息中指示的各基站对应预编码矩阵正在被各 基站或者各基站中之一使用， 则主基站可以拒绝该请求。
应该注意， 虽然在上面的说明中， 各歩骤是按顺序编号的， 但应该注意， 以上的歩骤的顺序可以改变， 并且有些歩骤可以并行执行。
此外， 在本发明的实施方式中， 例如对于 OFDM系统， 发送的数据应该被预 先选择好的码本在 OFDM系统的频域上各子载波上进行预编码， 而在每个子帧里 面， 各子载波通过 ，Z)进行编号， 其中 k是在每个 OFDM符号中子载波的编号， 1 是每个 OFDM符号的编号。 预编码后的信号在 M个发射天线上发射， 并被 N个接 收天线接收， 接收到的信号可以表示为，
r(k, /) = Γ0 (k, l)-U0- s0 (k, /) + Γι (k, l)-U sl (k, /) + ^k, /) (0 丄)
其中， r(kj , Γ, ,/)， U W)和 (W)分别代表接收信号、 信道响应矩 阵、与编码向量、发送信号和 AWGN噪声向量，其中，并且各自的向量维数为 Wxl， NxM , xl, 1x1和 Wxl。
应该注意， 本文所限定的基站应作最宽泛的解释， 其应包括形成自己的服 务区， 对服务区中的通信装置进行服务的各种装置。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到， 结合本文中所公开的实施方式描述的各 示例性的单元及方法歩骤， 能够以硬件、 软件或者二者的结合来实现。 这些功 能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行， 取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条 件。 专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能， 但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
结合本文中所公开的实施方式描述的方法或算法的歩骤可以用硬件 （计算 机等逻辑装置）执行的软件来实现。所述软件在被执行时， 可以使所述硬件（计 算机等逻辑装置） 实现上述的方法或其组成歩骤， 或使所述硬件 （计算机等逻 辑装置） 充当上面所述的本发明的装置部件。
软件可以置于随机存储器（RAM )、 内存、只读存储器（R0M)、 电可编程 R0M、 电可擦除可编程 R0M、 寄存器、 硬盘、 可移动磁盘、 CD-R0M、 或技术领域内所公 知的任意其它形式的存储介质中。
以上描述的实施例都是示例性的， 不是对本发明的限制， 本领域技术人员 根据本发明的精神， 可以想到各种变型和修改， 这些变型和修改也在本发明的 范围内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种通信装置， 该通信装置包括：
信道估计单元， 用于获得该通信装置与该通信装置所在的小区的小区基站 之间的信道的信道估计值， 即， 通信装置与小区基站之间的信道估计值；
发送单元， 用于将所述信道估计值或基于所述信道估计值的信息传送给所 述小区基站；
接收单元， 用于接收来自所述小区基站的多点合作消息， 所述多点合作消 息指示多点合作传输模式、 该小区基站所采用的码本或预编码矩阵、 以及与所 述小区基站进行合作的合作基站所采用的码本或预编码矩阵；
信道矩阵形成单元， 用于根据所述多点合作消息获得信道矩阵； 以及 解码单元， 根据所述信道矩阵和所述多点合作消息对接收到的信号进行解 码。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述多点合作消息指示所述多 点合作传输模式为相关多点合作传输模式， 所述信道矩阵形成单元对所述小区 基站的天线和所述合作基站的天线进行信道估计形成信道矩阵， 所述解码单元 将来自所述小区基站的数据和来自所述合作基站的数据视为相同的数据而对所 接收的信号进行解码。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述多点合作消息指示所述多 点合作传输模式为第一类非相关多点合作传输模式， 所述信道矩阵形成单元对 所述小区基站的天线和所述合作基站的天线进行信道估计形成信道矩阵， 所述 解码单元将来自所述小区基站的数据和来自所述合作基站的数据视为不同的数 据而对所接收的信号进行解码。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述多点合作消息指示所述多 点合作传输模式为第二类非相关多点合作传输模式， 所述信道矩阵形成单元对 所述小区基站的天线进行信道估计形成信道矩阵， 所述解码单元针对来自所述 小区基站的数据而对所接收的信号进行解码。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述信道估计单元还获得该通 信装置与所述合作基站之间的信道的信道估计值， 即， 通信装置与合作基站之 间的信道估计值； 所述通信装置还包括判断单元， 所述判断单元确定是否应进 行多点合作传输； 在确定出应进行多点合作传输时， 所述发送单元向所述小区 基站发送请求进行多点合作传输的请求， 作为基于所述信道估计值的信息。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述判断单元还确定应采用的 多点合作传输模式以及所述小区基站和合作基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵， 所述发送单元向所述小区基站发送的所述请求中包含指示所述多点合作传输模 式和所述码本或预编码矩阵的信息。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的通信装置， 其中， 所述判断单元在确定出应采用 第二类非相关多点合作传输模式时， 根据使该通信装置的后验信噪比或吞吐量 最大的准则确定所述小区基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵， 并根据使该通信装 置的后验信噪比或吞吐量最小的准则确定所述合作基站应采用的码本或预编码 矩阵。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的通信装置， 其中， 在所述通信装置与所述小区基 站之间的信道估计值在第一阈值和第二阈值之间， 并且所述通信装置与所述合 作基站之间的信道估计值在第三阈值和第四阈值之间时， 所述判断单元判断应 进行多点合作传输； 在所述通信装置与所述小区基站之间的信道估计值低于处 于第一阈值和第二阈值之间的第五阈值时， 所述判断单元判断应采用相关多点 合作传输模式； 在所述通信装置与所述小区基站之间的信道估计值高于所述第 五阈值， 并且所述通信装置与所述合作基站之间的信道估计值高于第三阈值和 第四阈值之间的第六阈值时， 所述判断单元判断应采用第一类相关多点合作传 输模式； 在所述通信装置与所述小区基站之间的信道估计值高于所述第五阈值， 并且所述通信装置与所述合作基站之间的信道估计值低于所述第六阈值时， 所 述判断单元判断应采用第二类相关多点合作传输模式。
9、 一种基站， 该基站包括：
接收单元， 接收来自该基站服务的小区中的通信装置的针对所述通信装置 与所述基站之间的信道的信道估计值；
判断单元， 根据所述信道估计值， 确定是否应进行多点合作传输、 应采用 的多点合作传输模式、 所述基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵、 以及与所述基站 合作的合作基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵的信息；
第一发送单元， 所述第一发送单元向所述合作基站通知合作信息， 所述合 作信息包含指示所述多点合作传输模式、 所述合作基站应采用的码本或预编码 矩阵的信息以及所述合作基站应发送的数据； 以及
第二发送单元， 向所述通信装置发送指示采用的多点合作传输模式、 所述 基站应采用的码本或预编码矩阵、 以及与所述基站合作的合作基站应采用的码 本或预编码矩阵的信息， 以及应由所述通信装置接收的数据。
10、 一种通信装置使用的多点合作通信方法， 所述多点合作通信方法包括 以下歩骤：
信道估计歩骤， 获得与该通信装置所在的小区的小区基站之间的信道的信 道估计值；
发送歩骤， 将所述信道估计值或基于所述信道估计值的信息传送给所述小 区基站；
接收歩骤， 接收来自所述小区基站的多点合作消息， 所述多点合作消息指 示多点合作传输模式、 该小区基站所采用的码本或预编码矩阵、 以及与所述小 区基站进行合作的合作基站所采用的码本或预编码矩阵；
信道矩阵形成歩骤， 根据所述多点合作消息获得信道矩阵； 以及
解码歩骤， 根据所述信道矩阵和所述多点合作消息对接收到的信号进行解 码。
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