Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
  • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
  • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
  • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
  • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
  • B01L3/508—Rigid containers without fluid transport within
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
  • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
  • B01L2200/02—Adapting objects or devices to another
  • B01L2200/026—Fluid interfacing between devices or objects, e.g. connectors, inlet details
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
  • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
  • B01L2200/04—Exchange or ejection of cartridges, containers or reservoirs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
  • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
  • B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
  • B01L2200/0678—Facilitating or initiating evaporation
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
  • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
  • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
  • G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
  • G01N2001/4027—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes evaporation leaving a concentrated sample

Definitions

• the present invention relates to preparation of samples for analysis in which the samples comprise at least one solute dissolved in a solvent.
• a solvent extraction system may typically provide a sample consisting of a mixture of solutes dissolved in a solvent having a volume of around 40 ml or more. The sample then needs to be concentrated to a significantly smaller volume for further analysis. This concentration process may be carried out by a centrifugal evaporator, for example. The sample volume may typically be reduced to around 0.5 ml.
• the concentrated solution is then transferred to a vial compatible with the analysis apparatus.
• This transfer is carried out manually using a pipette. This inevitably involves some loss of the concentrated sample and risks cross-contamination. Furthermore it is a slow process which needs to be carried out with great care.
• the present invention provides a method of preparing a sample for analysis, wherein the sample comprises at least one solute in a solvent, comprising the steps of: providing the sample in a concentration tube which is open at one end and closed at the other, the closed end being selectively openable; coupling a vial to the one end; inverting the tube; opening the other end of the tube; and evaporating solvent from the sample via the other end of the tube, until the concentrated sample is confined to the vial.
• the sample is initially collected in the concentration tube, the dimensions of the concentration tube being compatible with the system creating the sample.
• the sample in the concentration tube can then be readily and reliably prepared for concentration directly into a vial by coupling the vial to the open end of the tube and inverting the tube.
• the assembly comprising the concentration tube and vial can be loaded into an evaporator, allowing the sample to be concentrated into the vial for further processing.
• the vial may be decoupled from the tube after the evaporation step and loaded into analysis apparatus, such as chromatographic analysis apparatus.
• analysis apparatus such as chromatographic analysis apparatus.
• the analysis apparatus may be a gas chromatography system and the vial a gas chromatography vial compatible with such a system.
• the present invention further provides a sample holding assembly comprising: a sample holding assembly comprising: a concentration tube which is open at one end and closed at the other, the closed end being selectively openable; and an adaptor arrangement for coupling the vial to the open end of the tube and defining a fluid path therebetween.
• the adaptor arrangement may advantageously comprise an adaptor having a tube end for coupling to the tube and a vial end for coupling to a vial, and a container (or other retaining device) for receiving a vial, the container being arranged to couple with the vial end of the adaptor such that the open end of the vial is held in fluid communication with the fluid path through the adaptor.
• the container and adaptor are coupled together by complementary screw threads, and the adaptor arrangement includes a seal configured such that as the container is screwed onto the adaptor, the open end of a vial held in the container is urged against the seal.
• the other, closed end of the concentration tube is closed by a removable cap, or a closure having a fluid path therethrough which is selectively openable to allow evaporated solvent to escape via that end of the tube.
• the removable cap and tube are coupled together by complementary screw threads.
• the adaptor and tube may be coupled together by complementary screw threads.
• the screw threads at each end of the tube may be of substantially the same pitch.
• Figure 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a concentration tube and cap
• Figure 2 is a side view of the concentration tube with a vial coupled to one end;
• Figure 3 an end view in direction B of the assembly of Figure 2;
• Figure 4 is a cross-sectional side view along line A-A of the assembly of Figure 2; and Figure 5 is a cross-sectional side view of another embodiment of a sample holding assembly.
• Figure 1 shows a concentration tube 4 and an associated end closure in the form of cap 3.
• a fluid-tight seal between the tube and cap is provided in the form of a seal 5.
• the seal is formed of an inert deformable material, such as PTFE for example.
• the sample holding assembly 2 shown in Figures 2 to 4 comprises a concentration tube 4, and an adaptor 6, and a concentration vial 8 (a cap 3 is omitted from these Figures).
• the concentration tube 4 has a cylindrical mid-section and a central, longitudinal axis 12. It also includes cylindrical end sections 14 and 16 having a smaller diameter than the mid-section.
• the mid-section has a diameter of around 27.5 mm, and a length of around 140 mm, with the diameter of the end sections 14, 16 being around 17 mm.
• Each end section defines a respective opening 18,20 at opposite ends of the tube 4.
• a screw thread 22,24 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of each end section 14,16 respectively. The threads are of equal pitch, but different threads could instead be provided at each end.
• the tube is formed of borosilicate glass, for example.
• the dimensions of the concentration tube are such that it is compatible with an extraction system used to collect the sample to be analysed.
• An example of such an extraction system is the Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) system marketed by Dionex.
• the vial 8 may be a gas chromatography vial. Common dimensions for such a vial are a diameter of 12 mm and a length of 32 mm.
• Vial 8 is coupled to the opening 20 of the concentration tube by adaptor 6.
• the adaptor consists of a connector 40 which defines a fluid path 42 along its central axis to allow fluid to flow between the concentration tube and the vial.
• Connector 40 is held against the open end 20 of the concentration tube by a threaded coupling 44 which engages the thread 24 on the tube.
• a second coupling 46 holds the connector 40 against the open end of the vial 8 by screwing onto a thread defined around the open neck of the vial.
• the components of the adaptor may be formed of polypropylene, PTFE, or another inert polymer for example.
• Figure 5 shows a sample holding assembly 102 similar to that of Figures 2 to 4. It illustrates an alternative way to fasten the vial 8 to the concentration tube 4.
• Vial 8 is coupled to the opening 20 of concentration tube 4 by an adaptor 106.
• the adaptor defines a fluid path 142 along its central axis between the vial and the tube. It includes a screw thread 152 on an inner surface at one end for connection to thread 24 on the tube, and a further screw thread 154 on an outer surface at the other end.
• a container 156 in the form of a cylinder closed at one end is configured to receive and contain vial 8 and closely fit around its base.
• An inner surface 162 of the closed end of the container is profiled so as to complement the circumferential region at the base of the vial and retain it in a central location within the container.
• the open end of the container defines a thread 158 on its inner surface for engagement with thread 154 of the adaptor 106.
• An O-ring seal 160 is held between the adaptor 106 and the open end of the vial 8.
• the adaptor and container configuration of Figure 5 is particularly beneficial when it is desirable to insulate the vial to some extent during the concentration process. This may be the case for example when using a condensing evaporator (of the form described in a United Kingdom patent application published under no. 2436075 and filed by the present applicant).
• the insulation provided by the container serves to slow down the evaporation process allowing close control of the end point to avoid drying out the sample completely.
• a concentration tube 4 with one end closed by a cap 3 is inserted into the extraction system and the sample collected in the tube.
• the tube containing the sample is removed from the extraction system and an adaptor 6 and vial 8 coupled to the open end of the tube.
• the tube is then inverted so that the sample flows into the concentration vial 8, with the remainder in the end of the tube connected to the vial.
• the cap 3 is then removed, before loading the assembly into a concentrator such as a centrifugal evaporator.
• a concentrator such as a centrifugal evaporator.
• solvent is evaporated from the sample via the open end 18 of the tube such that the sample is concentrated directly into the vial
• the concentration tube alone is loaded into the extraction system whilst still allowing for reliable and efficient production of a concentrated sample in a separate vial.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

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• 2009
  • 2009-03-31 GB GB0905450.3A patent/GB2469035B/en active Active
• 2010
  • 2010-03-29 EP EP10712130.3A patent/EP2414059B1/en active Active
  • 2010-03-29 WO PCT/GB2010/050523 patent/WO2010112902A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2010-03-29 US US13/254,465 patent/US8857282B2/en active Active
  • 2010-03-29 CN CN201080014942.5A patent/CN102378641B/zh active Active
  • 2010-03-29 JP JP2012502781A patent/JP5506910B2/ja active Active

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