WO2010108969A1 - Concentrateur solaire - Google Patents

Concentrateur solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010108969A1
WO2010108969A1 PCT/EP2010/053856 EP2010053856W WO2010108969A1 WO 2010108969 A1 WO2010108969 A1 WO 2010108969A1 EP 2010053856 W EP2010053856 W EP 2010053856W WO 2010108969 A1 WO2010108969 A1 WO 2010108969A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panels
concentrator
reflecting
focus
focal axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/053856
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Fabio Marchetti
Renzo Verdolini
Original Assignee
Fabio Marchetti
Renzo Verdolini
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fabio Marchetti, Renzo Verdolini filed Critical Fabio Marchetti
Publication of WO2010108969A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010108969A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
    • F24S2023/878—Assemblies of spaced reflective elements in the form of grids, e.g. vertical or inclined reflective elements extending over heat absorbing elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the reflecting element is curved linear or semi-cylindrical so as to generate a focal axis on which the receiver is arranged linearly.
  • the reflecting element has a semi-spherical or paraboloid so as to create a focal point where you placed the receiver.
  • the cross-section profile of the reflecting item has the shape of a parabola. Therefore the receiver must be placed on the focus point of the parabola in which the sun rays reflected from the reflecting surface are concentrated.
  • the patent US6,971 ,756 discloses an apparatus for concentrating the sun radiant energy to a receiver.
  • This apparatus includes a plurality of concave reflective elements swivelly mounted on a frame. In this way, according to the position of the sun and then the direction of its radiation, each reflecting element is oriented so that its focus coincides with the location where the receiver is placed.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of prior art, providing a solar concentrator that is able to provide a high yield.
  • Another aim of the present invention is to provide such a solar concentrator that is compact, versatile, economical and simple to make and assembly.
  • the solar concentrator according to the invention comprises a box comprising a base.
  • a plurality of reflective elements are arranged within said box so as to concentrate the solar radiation on a receiver located within said box.
  • the shape and position of the reflectors are designed so that all reflecting elements can work simultaneously receiving the solar radiation and concentrating it on the receiver with no obstructions between them.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the solar concentrator according to the invention, in which, for better clarity we have omitted some constructive elements;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating the principle for the construction of the concentrator panels of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 2A is an enlarged view of a detail of Figure 2;
  • Fig 3 is a cross-sectional view of the concentrator of Fig 1 ;
  • Fig 3A is an enlarged view of the detail enclosed in the circle (A) of Fig 2;
  • Figure 4 is a view like Figure 3 showing the angles of reflection of light;
  • Figure 5 and a perspective view of a second embodiment of the solar concentrator according to the invention;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the solar concentrator of Figure 5, wherein the angles of reflection of light are shown;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the solar concentrator according to the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the solar concentrator of Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a view like Figure 7 wherein the angles of reflection of light are shown;
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the solar concentrator according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 1 is a cross-sectional view of the solar concentrator of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a view like Figure 1 1 , wherein the angles of reflection of light are shown, and
  • Figure 13 is a view showing the cross section of four different types of concentrators, to highlight how varied the height of each concentrator having equal width.
  • the solar concentrator (1 ) includes a base (2) of substantially rectangular shape, suitable to be located on the ground.
  • a plurality of transversal walls (3) are mounted on the base (2).
  • the transversal walls (3) stand at right angles from the base (2).
  • the concentrator (1 ) is provided with four transverse walls: two walls at the ends and two intermediate walls equidistant between them.
  • a plurality of longitudinal panels (4) are mounted between the transversal walls (3).
  • Each longitudinal panel (4) is provided with a concave surface (40) in reflective material designed to reflect the sun rays.
  • the reflective panels or reflector (4) are arranged symmetrically so that the concave surface (40) is directed inwards, i.e. towards the longitudinal axis of the concentrator (1 ).
  • the outer reflective panels are fixed on the edge of the base (2), while the other reflective panels are appropriately spaced from the base (2).
  • Each reflective panel (4) has a specifically designed curvature and arrangement in order to focus the reflection of sunlight on a common focal axis.
  • a receiver (5) is placed in the common focal axis.
  • the receiver (5) can be a pipe or tube.
  • the water to be heated circulates into the tube (5).
  • each transversal wall (3) has a hole (31 ) for the passage of the tube (5).
  • the hole (31 ) is provided at the bottom and middle of each transverse wall (3).
  • Figure 2 shows a chart to explain how to select the curve and the layout of each reflector (4).
  • the parabola (B) is cut with a horizontal line (b)
  • the parabola (C) is cut with a horizontal line (c) above the line (b)
  • the inner parabola (D) is cut with a horizontal line (d) below the line (b).
  • segments (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) are obtained, i.e. two segments for each parabola.
  • the segments (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) represent the cross- section profile of each reflector (4) and the position of each reflector (4) with respect to the base (2), the transversal walls (3), and the pipe (5), as shown in Figure 3.
  • the base (2) corresponds with the lower line (a) and pipe (5) is arranged with its axis coincident with the longitudinal axis passing through the focal point (F).
  • each transversal wall (3) has grooves or channels (30) arranged according to the profiles (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) to accommodate the edges of the reflectors.
  • the reflectors (4) assumes the profiles (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) and they are arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane passing through the focal axis (F).
  • a plate (6) is arranged above the transversal wall (3) and reflectors (4).
  • the plate (6) is made of a transparent material such as glass or poly-methyl methacrylate, to form a watertight box and protect the reflective surface (40) of the panels from damage due to bad weather or foreign objects.
  • each reflector (4) reflects the solar radiation concentrating the reflected rays (R) at the point of focus (F). Then each reflected radiation lies on a triangle with a vertex coincident with the focal point (F).
  • each reflector (4B, 4C, 4D) The distance between the bottom edge of each reflector (4B, 4C, 4D) and the base (2) is select so that the reflected radiation of the outer panel does not interfere with the respective inner panel. That is, the radiation reflected by panel (4A) does not interfere with the panel (4B), the radiation reflected by panel (4B) does not interfere with the panel (4C) and the radiation reflected by panel (4C) does not interfere with the panel (4D ).
  • the outer parabola (A) is calculated mathematically, deciding its size depending on the power to be achieved. Subsequently the trajectories of smaller parabolas (B, C, D) are calculated, leaving between two successive parabolas adequate space for the passage of sunlight. Clearly each parabola (A, B, C, D) must have the same focal point (F) and the same vertical axis.
  • the data and the trajectory obtained are stored in a CAD program by means of Cartesian coordinates X and Y.
  • the CAD program will trace the drawing of each parabolic reflector.
  • the CAD program is then converted into an executable file, for use as a path of working with a numerical control machine, such as a CNC milling machine, which performs the guide channels or grooves (30) and the hole (31 ) in each transversal wall (3).
  • the edges of the reflectors (4) are inserted into the guide channels (30), and the reflectors (4) will take the shape of the profiles (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) in accordance with design specifications.
  • the tube (5) that is inserted into the hole (31 ) assumes the position of the focal axis (F).
  • the intermediate transversal walls (3) serve to prevent the bending of reflective panels (4) which tend to curve horizontally. Furthermore the intermediate transverse walls (3) eliminate the problems caused by the length of the reflective panels (4), which tend to bend longitudinally because of their small thin.
  • the reflective panels (4) may be reflective material such as steel or polished aluminum or they can be in any material coated with a reflective silver foil (40), commonly available on the market.
  • the solar concentrator (1 ) is closed and insulated by means of the transparent cover (6), so as to allow, especially in cold weather, an efficient heating of the liquid circulating within the tube (5).
  • the tube (5) preferably is a copper coil, placed around the focal axis (F).
  • the concentrator (1 ) also allows for heating in winter, thanks to its compact structure with thermal insulation and its high efficiency because the reflected rays of all the reflectors (4) are concentrated in a single focal axis (F) in which the copper coil (5) is located.
  • Concentrator (1 ) can also be equipped with a solar tracker to allow the continued exposure to sunlight from dawn to sunset, to maximize performance.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 show a solar concentrator (100) according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the solar concentrator (100) is capable of concentrating sunlight into a focal point that can be occupied by a receiver (105), such as a photoelectric cell.
  • the concentrator (100) comprises a plurality of reflective elements (104A, 104B, 104C, 104D) in the shape of portions paraboloids of revolution cut on the top and bottom by horizontal planes.
  • the concentrator (100) has reflecting elements with parabolic profiles in cross- section with the same focal point, the same vertical axis, and decreasing in size, stacked one inside the other.
  • each portion of paraboloid (104A, 104B, 104C, 104D) is circular.
  • the assembly of the concentrator starts from a top panel (106) made of a transparent material.
  • Guide channels in the shape of concentric circles, are performed in the top panel (106). The upper edges of each reflector are fitted in these guide channels.
  • the lower edge of the outer reflector (104A) is connected to a circular base (102).
  • a support (150) is mounted on the base (102).
  • the support (150) supports the photoelectric cell (105), so as the photoelectric cell (105) is placed at the focal point (F) of each portion of the paraboloid.
  • the lower edges of the other portions of the paraboloid (104B, 104C, 104D) are located above the focal point (F) so as not to interfere with the reflected beam of the outer portion of the paraboloid, as shown in Figure 6.
  • FIG. 7 to 9 shows a solar concentrator (200) according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • the solar concentrator (200) comprises a parallelepiped box comprising a base (2), external longitudinal walls (201 ) and external and intermediate transversal walls (3).
  • the concentrator (200) comprises a plurality of reflective panels (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) with profiles shaped as portions of parabolas, and arranged symmetrically as shown in the first embodiment. I. e. the parabolas generating the panels (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) all have the same focal point (F), the same vertical axis and they are of decreasing size stacked one inside the other and the receiver (5) is positioned in correspondence with the focal axis (F) of these parabolas.
  • Respective lower reflectors (7A, 7B, 7C) are mounted below the external reflectors (204A, 204B, 204C).
  • the lower reflectors (7A, 7B, 7C) have a slightly concave reflective surface oriented toward the focal axis (F).
  • the lower reflective panels (7A, 7B, 7C) preferably are portions of branches of hyperbola with foci (Fl, F2, F3) coinciding with the foci of the respective upper panels (204A, 204B, 204C). So the lower reflectors (7A, 7B, 7C) are arranged in such positions as to receive radiation reflected from the outer longitudinal panels (204A, 204B, 204C), and concentrate the radiation on the point of focus (F). That is to say the concentrator (200) uses a double reflection that is focused on the point of focus (F).
  • a lower central panel (8) is designed to further improve the efficiency of the concentrator (200).
  • the lower central panel (8) is placed beneath the focal point (F) to concentrate on the focal point (F) the direct rays of the sun that are not reflected by the other panels.
  • the central panel (8) may have the profile of a portion of the parabola with focus (F), for example, the panel (8) can be a portion of the parabola generating panels (4A).
  • the inner panels (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) may be omitted and the concentrator (200) can use only the double reflection of the side panels (204A, 204B, 204C) and lower panels (7A, 7B, 7C).
  • FIG. 10 to 12 describes a solar concentrator (300) according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the concentrator (300) has a plurality of lower reflectors (9, 9') with a concave surface upwards and outwards from the concentrator.
  • the lower panels (9, 9') are arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane passing through the receiver (5).
  • Each lower reflector (9, 9') reflects the sun rays on the convex surface of the respective upper reflectors (10, 10') arranged above the respective lower panel.
  • All upper reflectors (10) disposed to the left of the focal point (F) directs the reflected radiation on the surface of a first central reflector (1 1 ') which focuses the radiation toward the focal axis (F) in which the receiver element (5) is located.
  • All the upper reflective panels (10') arranged to the right of focal point (F) directs the reflected radiation on the surface of a second central reflector (1 1 ') which focuses the radiation toward the focal axis (F).
  • Lower longitudinal panels (9, 9') can have a cross-section profile shaped as a portion of the parabola with focus (Fc) above the respective upper panel (10, 10'). Accordingly, the upper panels (10, 10') have a profile shaped as a portion of the parabola with focus (Fc) coinciding with the focal point of the respective lower panel (9, 9').
  • the two central panels (1 1 , 1 1 ') are arranged above the focal point (F) and they have a rectilinear profile sloped of about 45 ° with respect to a horizontal line.
  • the concentrator (300) uses a triple reflection of the radiation, to maximize the efficiency of heating, because the surface of lower reflectors (9, 9 ') receiving the solar radiation is maximized.
  • Figure 13 shows a chart in which a prior art solar concentrator (400) is compared with solar concentrators according to the invention (1 , 200, 300).
  • All concentrators (400, 1 , 200, 300) have a width equal to (L).
  • the bulk in the vertical direction of the concentrator (400) according to prior art is equal to 0.48 L, while the concentrators according to the invention (1 , 200, 300) have a considerably smaller bulk in the vertical direction.
  • the triple-reflection concentrator (300) has a bulk of 0.08 L, that is six times smaller than the concentrator (400) according to the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un concentrateur solaire (1), comprenant : un caisson comprenant une base (2); et une pluralité d'éléments réfléchissants (4) agencés dans le caisson de façon à concentrer le rayonnement solaire sur un récepteur (5) situé dans ledit caisson, sur une position de focalisation de ces éléments réfléchissants (4).
PCT/EP2010/053856 2009-03-24 2010-03-24 Concentrateur solaire WO2010108969A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMC2009A000061 2009-03-24
IT000061A ITMC20090061A1 (it) 2009-03-24 2009-03-24 Concentratore solare ad alto rendimento.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010108969A1 true WO2010108969A1 (fr) 2010-09-30

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PCT/EP2010/053856 WO2010108969A1 (fr) 2009-03-24 2010-03-24 Concentrateur solaire

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IT (1) ITMC20090061A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010108969A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102436861A (zh) * 2011-12-07 2012-05-02 长春理工大学 多抛物面共焦x射线聚焦结构及设计方法
WO2014131124A1 (fr) 2013-02-28 2014-09-04 Delsaut James Ensemble lentille concentrant la lumière pour système de récupération d'énergie solaire
CN104949353A (zh) * 2015-06-20 2015-09-30 赵石林 一种免跟踪太阳能复合抛物面聚光器
IT201700115968A1 (it) * 2017-10-13 2019-04-13 Ez Energies Gmbh Concentratore solare
WO2019219128A1 (fr) * 2018-05-17 2019-11-21 Ryszard Dzikowski Centrale hélioélectrique

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FR1223325A (fr) * 1958-04-29 1960-06-16 Procédé d'aménagement et de détermination de surfaces réfléchissantes composées et miroirs ainsi obtenus
SU866344A1 (ru) * 1980-01-03 1981-09-23 Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Институт Проблем Материаловедения Ан Усср Солнечна печь дл получени пленочных материалов
JPS582554A (ja) * 1981-06-27 1983-01-08 Ryosuke Tachibana 太陽光集光方法
SU1023270A1 (ru) * 1982-01-28 1983-06-15 Vasilev Viktor P Концентратор лучистой энергии "Пересвет" и способ его изготовлени
WO1995033220A1 (fr) * 1994-05-31 1995-12-07 The Australian National University Lentilles constituees d'ensembles de reflecteurs
ITMC20000061A1 (it) 2000-07-26 2002-01-26 Ln 2 Srl Gruppo di aspirazione per cappe dotato di una girante a doppia palettatura alimentata tramite due distinti ingressi dell'aria.
US20020139414A1 (en) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-03 Vasylyev Sergiy Victorovich Non-imaging system for radiant energy flux transformation
US20030137754A1 (en) * 2001-12-17 2003-07-24 Vasylyev Sergiy Victorovich Multistage system for radiant energy flux transformation
WO2004029521A1 (fr) * 2002-09-25 2004-04-08 Georgi Lukov Gushlekov Systeme de concentration optique
US6971756B2 (en) 2000-12-18 2005-12-06 Svv Technology Innovations, Inc. Apparatus for collecting and converting radiant energy
DE102005028863A1 (de) * 2005-06-22 2007-01-04 Becker, Friedrich Konzentrierender Kollektor für direktes und diffuses Licht
US20070035864A1 (en) * 2001-12-17 2007-02-15 Vasylyev Sergiy V Multistage system for radiant energy flux transformation
WO2009002350A1 (fr) * 2006-07-10 2008-12-31 Scott Frazier Dispositifs et systèmes de conversion d'énergie solaire

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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SU866344A1 (ru) * 1980-01-03 1981-09-23 Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Институт Проблем Материаловедения Ан Усср Солнечна печь дл получени пленочных материалов
JPS582554A (ja) * 1981-06-27 1983-01-08 Ryosuke Tachibana 太陽光集光方法
SU1023270A1 (ru) * 1982-01-28 1983-06-15 Vasilev Viktor P Концентратор лучистой энергии "Пересвет" и способ его изготовлени
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ITMC20000061A1 (it) 2000-07-26 2002-01-26 Ln 2 Srl Gruppo di aspirazione per cappe dotato di una girante a doppia palettatura alimentata tramite due distinti ingressi dell'aria.
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WO2009002350A1 (fr) * 2006-07-10 2008-12-31 Scott Frazier Dispositifs et systèmes de conversion d'énergie solaire

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102436861A (zh) * 2011-12-07 2012-05-02 长春理工大学 多抛物面共焦x射线聚焦结构及设计方法
WO2014131124A1 (fr) 2013-02-28 2014-09-04 Delsaut James Ensemble lentille concentrant la lumière pour système de récupération d'énergie solaire
EP2962149A4 (fr) * 2013-02-28 2016-10-12 1930106 Ontario Ltd Ensemble lentille concentrant la lumière pour système de récupération d'énergie solaire
US9739991B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2017-08-22 1930106 Ontario Limited Light-concentrating lens assembly for a solar energy recovery system
CN104949353A (zh) * 2015-06-20 2015-09-30 赵石林 一种免跟踪太阳能复合抛物面聚光器
IT201700115968A1 (it) * 2017-10-13 2019-04-13 Ez Energies Gmbh Concentratore solare
WO2019073461A1 (fr) * 2017-10-13 2019-04-18 Ez-Energies Gmbh Concentrateur solaire
WO2019219128A1 (fr) * 2018-05-17 2019-11-21 Ryszard Dzikowski Centrale hélioélectrique

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