WO2010102640A1 - Systèmes hybrides d'énergie thermique et applications de ceux-ci - Google Patents

Systèmes hybrides d'énergie thermique et applications de ceux-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010102640A1
WO2010102640A1 PCT/EP2009/001676 EP2009001676W WO2010102640A1 WO 2010102640 A1 WO2010102640 A1 WO 2010102640A1 EP 2009001676 W EP2009001676 W EP 2009001676W WO 2010102640 A1 WO2010102640 A1 WO 2010102640A1
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Prior art keywords
solar
thermal energy
circuit
heat
energy system
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PCT/EP2009/001676
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Elias Nomikos
Nikos Manioudakis
Dimitris Tolias
Original Assignee
Sol Energy Hellas S.A.
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Priority to PCT/EP2009/001676 priority Critical patent/WO2010102640A1/fr
Publication of WO2010102640A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010102640A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1078—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump and solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/005—Hot-water central heating systems combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F24S10/503—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits formed by paired plates, only one of which is plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • F24S10/755—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/60—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the structure or construction
    • F24S70/65—Combinations of two or more absorbing elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
    • F25B27/005—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in compression type systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improved thermal energy systems and more particularly to hybrid thermal energy systems such as solar assisted heat pump systems and the applications thereof for heating and/or cooling systems and hot water production in domestic, commercial or industrial buildings.
  • Solar assisted heat pumps (S.A.H.P.) are known to be able to provide a useful source of thermal energy due to a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions.
  • a typical solar assisted heat pump system comprises at least one collector for absorbing solar energy and an energy converter in the form of a heat pump to upgrade the energy to be used in for example space heating and hot water applications.
  • the success of solar assisted heat pump systems is dependent upon installation costs and operating efficiency.
  • a solar assisted system is merely dependent upon the climatic conditions and the day to day weather changes. Thus, a solar assisted system cannot operate in a steady state mode and the system has to be optimised for all weather conditions, so as to be a reliable and efficient system for all year round use.
  • COP coefficient of performance
  • the cooled heat transfer fluid can then be used for cooling applications.
  • Excess heat in the high temperature level can be radiated via the collectors e.g. during the night when the ambient temperature is lower than the system temperature in order to ensure a high coefficient of performance of the heat pump.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an improved hybrid thermal energy system for heating and/or cooling applications, which overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and avoids high manufacturing costs. It is another object of the present invention to provide an efficient hybrid thermal energy system such as a solar assisted heat pump, which is less complex and can be easily installed.
  • a hybrid thermal energy system for heating and/ or cooling applications comprising solar collection means in fluid communication with a solar circuit for transferring heat energy to a heat transfer fluid, thermal upgrading means for increasing the thermal energy within the system such as a solar assisted heat pump and a thermal energy production circuit provided with thermal storage means, the solar collection means, thermal upgrading means and thermal storage means being connected to allow the transfer of heat throughout the system via the heat transfer fluid, and control means arranged to receive input data for controlling the flow of the heat transfer fluid throughout the system.
  • Fig. 1 shows a solar assisted heat pump according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a solar assisted heat pump with a fan -coil assembly in the solar circuit according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a solar assisted heat pump with a fan -coil assembly in the solar circuit and three- way valve according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows a solar assisted heat pump with a fan -coil assembly in the refrigeration circuit according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows a solar assisted heat pump with a fan -coil assembly in the refrigeration circuit with a three-way valve according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 shows a solar assisted heat pump with a fan -coil assembly in parallel to the refrigeration circuit according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 shows a solar assisted heat pump with cooling heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 shows a solar assisted heat pump with cooling heat exchanger in the refrigeration circuit according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 shows a solar assisted heat pump with two the refrigeration circuits according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 shows a solar assisted heat pump with two refrigeration circuits and cooling heat exchangers according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of a solar collector with a fan assembly according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 shows a cross-sectional view of an alternative solar collector with a coil - back assembly according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 shows a solar assisted heat pump with a fan -coil assembly in parallel to the refrigeration circuit with thermal storage means according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 shows a schematic hot water production system according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 shows a schematic heating, cooling and hot water production system according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 shows an alternative schematic system for heating, cooling by air handling and hot water production according to the present invention.
  • a conventional heat pump uses a refrigeration system to extract heat from the surrounding environment to heat a fluid.
  • the heat pump system is based on a refrigeration cycle, and comprises an evaporator to absorb heat, a condenser to release heat, a compressor, an expansion valve and the circuits charged with heat transfer fluid such as refrigerant.
  • the heat transfer fluid or refrigerant can be any refrigerant used in traditional air conditioning and/or heat pump systems.
  • exemplary refrigerants include carbon dioxide, hydrofiuorocarbons, and hydrochlorofluorocarbons.
  • Other examples of refrigerants include chlorodifiuoromethane (sold as R-22), chloropentafluoroethane (sold as R- 502), dichlorodifluoromethane (sold as R- 12), trichlorofluoromethane (sold as R- 11), trichlorotrifluoroethane (sold as R-113), tetrafluoroethane (sold as R- 134a), and dichlorotrifluoroethane (sold as R- 123).
  • the refrigerant is carbon dioxide.
  • FIG. 1 shows the core system of the present invention which is the refrigeration cycle, as in any heat pump system.
  • the solar assisted heat pump system according to one embodiment of the invention comprises a heat pump having a compressor (1), an evaporator (2), an expansion device (3), a condenser (4) and the circuit (C) charged with the heat transfer fluid.
  • the thermal energy or hot water is produced directly by its condenser (4) (refrigerant to water heat exchanger).
  • the rejection of cooling energy does not take place by using a fan - coil assembly e.g. an evaporator, as used in conventional air cooled heat pumps, but via a second refrigerant to water heat exchanger as used in conventional water cooled heat pumps.
  • the evaporator (2) of the system of the present invention is connected directly to a solar collection means (5), such as a solar collector or a solar field, wherein said solar collection means (5) produces the necessary heating energy to provide for the evaporator (2) and thus allows for the cooling energy to be rejected.
  • the compressor (1) provides the motive force for moving the heat transfer fluid contained within the circuit (C) between the heat transfer coils of the evaporator (2) and condenser (4) and compresses the refrigerant to a liquid state which is at a high pressure and a high enthalpy.
  • the compressor can be any type of motor driven refrigerant compression device.
  • the condenser (4) is in fluid communication with the compressor (2) and receives incoming liquefied refrigerant under pressure and induces a phase change in the refrigerant from a liquid phase to a gas phase. In the condenser (4) the refrigerant releases heat to the thermal energy circuit (A) provided with thermal storage means to store the heat, so as to be available when needed.
  • the refrigerant passes through the expansion device (3) after it exits the heat exchanger (4).
  • the expansion device (4) expands and reduces the pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the expansion device (3) can be capillary tube or Automatic Expansion Valve (“AEV”) or Thermostatic Expansion Valve (“TEV”) or Electric or Electronic Expansion Valves (“EXV”) or other known type of expansion device.
  • AEV Automatic Expansion Valve
  • TSV Thermostatic Expansion Valve
  • EXV Electric or Electronic Expansion Valves
  • the refrigerant flows into the evaporator (2) and exits at a higher enthalpy and higher pressure than in a conventional refrigeration cycle.
  • the refrigerant absorbs heat from the solar circuit (B) thereby heating the refrigerant and then re-enters the compressor (1), completing the cycle.
  • the solar assisted heat pump system further comprises a thermostat controller.
  • the flow of the pump is controlled thermostatically so as not to allow the overheating of the evaporator (2) and consequently the refrigerant (suction temperature and pressure) which could lead to very high pressure and temperature at the outlet of the compressor (1) and could eventually destroy it.
  • the flow is also regulated so as to supply a constant temperature to the inlet of the evaporator (2) which also ensures steady conditions for the refrigeration cycle and also a relatively constant Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the heat pump.
  • COP Coefficient of Performance
  • a circulator pump (7) is located in the solar circuit (B) to supply the necessary flow of the thermal fluid between the evaporator (2) and the collector (5).
  • the power input to the circulator pump (7) in relation to the power derived from the collector has a ratio of approximately 1 :30, so the effect of the circulator pump in the overall COP is very small if not negligible. Therefore, in order to produce an X amount of heating energy one would need a compressor (1) that consumes Y amount of energy and the COP of that heat pump would be X: Y.
  • the COP of the SAHP is X : (Y1+Y2).
  • Y2 is very small, so in fact the COP of the SAHP is X : Yl where Yl is smaller than Y and so the COP of the SAHP is higher of a conventional heat pump.
  • the power output of the S.A.H.P would also be higher and thus, its COP would be higher than of a conventional heat pump.
  • the fan - coil assembly (8, 9) is added in parallel to the solar collector (5) as shown in Figure 2.
  • the fluid medium of the solar circuit (B) is water.
  • Two two-way electro valves (10) are located within the solar circuit to control the flow rate of the fluid.
  • the fan (9) will operate by taking part of the flow or the total flow provided by the pump.
  • the fan — coil assembly (8, 9) can operate as in any normal heat pump but it is placed in the solar circuit (B) instead of being positioned in the refrigeration circuit (C).
  • An alternative system according to the present invention comprises instead of two two-way electro valves, one three way valve (11) installed as shown in Figure 3.
  • the valves can be either on - off or progressive.
  • Another important feature in order to maximize the power output of the S.A.H.P. is to control the flow of pump (6) of the thermal energy production circuit in relation to two factors:
  • Another alternative embodiment of the present invention in order to keep the S.A.H.P. operating day and night is to arrange the fan - coil assembly (8, 9) in the refrigerant circuit (C) in series with the evaporator (2), as shown in Figure 4. If the fan - coil assembly (8, 9) is connected in series to the solar evaporator (2), the refrigeration cycle becomes slightly unstable, since the refrigerant cannot be controlled completely due to the phase change and the constantly changing environmental conditions. However, the rejection can be easier since the refrigerant goes directly in to the fan-coil assembly at a lower temperature than the temperature of the water mixture and thus the heat transfer is enhanced.
  • the fan (9) can stop working, so that there is no power consumption for the fan.
  • the refrigerant still goes through the coil and by doing so there is a first heat transfer from the environment, provided that the environment temperature is higher than that of the refrigerant, and the solar evaporator (8) adds the remaining energy to complete the cycle.
  • the environment temperature is lower than the temperature of the refrigerant we can stop the refrigerant going through the coil (8) by installing a bypass which can be actuated two two- way electro valves (10) as shown in Fig. 4 or by a three way electro valve (11) as shown in Figure 5.
  • the fan - coil assembly (8, 9) is located in parallel to the solar circuit (B) as shown in Figure 6, wherein after the condenser (4) of the SAHP the refrigerant is separated into two branches.
  • the first branch there is a first expansion valve (3) or capillary tube and then the expanded fluid goes to the solar evaporator (2).
  • the second branch has a second expansion valve (3) or capillary tube and the fluid is lead to the fan-coil assembly (8, 9).
  • the solar assisted heat pump system of the present invention can also be used to provide cooling as in any other heat pump. This can be done either by installing a heat exchanger (12) in series and before the solar collector (5) in the solar circuit as shown in Figure 7. When the pump (7) is connected to the heat exchanger (12), the heat pump can provide cooling and the remaining cooling energy will be rejected by the solar collector or by the fan — coil assembly (8, 9).
  • FIG. 8 Another alternative system to provide cooling is to install a heat exchanger (12) in the refrigeration circuit (C) before the solar evaporator (2). This way lower temperature can be extracted. This alternative system is shown in Figure 8.
  • the heating power output is approximately 20-30% higher than the cooling power to be rejected. So in order to get an amount of A KW of heating power, then A-20% KW must be rejected, so the solar collectors (5) must have an output of A-20% KW.
  • the SAHP system with at least two refrigeration circuits (C, C) can also provide cooling from either the first (C) or the second (C) refrigeration circuit or both with the addition of heat exchangers (12) in the circuits in series located before their evaporators (2), as shown in Figure 10.
  • all components of the solar assisted heat pump system are integrated and placed in a single unit or casing.
  • the two circulator pumps (6, 7) can also be included, but not the solar collector or collectors.
  • the control is performed by a single control box placed either on the unit or away from it by a wire.
  • Still another alternative system is to remove the fan (9) from either the refrigeration circuit (C) or the solar circuit (B) and connect it directly with the solar collector.
  • the fan will blow the air through the collector towards the absorber of the collector, thereby enhancing the heat transfer from the environment, which is at low temperature.
  • Such a solar collector is shown in Figure 11.
  • a buffer tank can be installed in the solar circuit in order to smoothen the temperature feed towards the solar evaporator (2).
  • the evaporator (2) of the refrigerant circuit is replaced by a tank with an internal heat exchanger.
  • the heating energy from the solar collection means will be transferred via the internal heat exchanger to the refrigerant causing it to evaporate and the vapors of the tank will be transferred consequently to the compressor for the cycle to complete.
  • Several internal heat exchangers can be installed in the tank, in order to be able to provide energy from alternative sources, other than just from solar collectors.
  • the energy yield of the solar collection means when the operation of the S.A.H.P. and thus of the solar collection means is at very low temperatures (0° -20 0 C), the energy yield is enhanced directly from the environment (ambient air) by using a solar collector with a coil — back assembly as shown in Figure 12.
  • a solar collector with a coil — back assembly as shown in Figure 12.
  • the back plate of the solar collector has been replaced with another coil such as a conventional refrigerant coil of the type used in refrigerators.
  • first heating coil primary heating coil
  • secondary heating coil is formed as in conventional flat plat collector hydroskeleton welded to an absorbing surface, thereby absorbing the necessary solar energy.
  • the coil - back since it is under the solar collector absorber, takes also energy from it. In short, this coil - back solar collector absorbs much more energy than a conventional solar collector due to the enhanced interaction with the environment.
  • FIG. 13 shows a more flexible variation of the SAHP.
  • the pump (7) in the solar circuit (B) of the solar evaporator (2) pumps the cold fluid, such as water, towards the solar collector (5).
  • part of the energy is diverted via a bypass circuit to a thermal storage tank (13) by turning on the two-way electro valve (10).
  • the second two-way electro valve (10) located in the solar circuit (B) before the entrance of the solar evaporator (2) is turned off, the total amount of the thermal energy is diverted to the storage thermal tank (13).
  • the storage tank (13) is equipped with two internal heat exchangers (14).
  • the solar collector is connected directly to one of the internal heat exchangers, whereas the second is connected to the condenser of the solar assisted heat pump.
  • This variation of the SAHP can exploit even better the high availability of solar energy bypassing the refrigeration circuit (C). In the mean time it allows the system to operate in cases with lower availability in solar energy with a lot higher efficiency than just a solar collector and finally when the collector is unable to produce usable temperatures the SAHP can produce all the necessary energy at a very high COP.
  • the present invention can be applied in hot water production assembly wherein the SAHP can be connected to any thermal storage means such as tank existing or new, since the connections refer to a simple hydraulic joining between the unit and the tank (see Figure 14).
  • the system of Figure 14 heats up a hot water tank.
  • the water of the tank is circulated by a pump via the condenser of the system.
  • the hot water that is produced can be used as sanitary hot water.
  • Tap water is supplied to the tank and hot water from the tank is supplied to the installation's network.
  • the tank acts also as a buffer tank thus smoothening the temperature and since the water temperature in the tank is stratified; hot water at the top and the cold at the bottom of the tank, the SAHP system of the present invention operates at higher COP because the heat transfer always takes place using the cold water.
  • FIG. 15 Another installation wherein the SAHP system of the present invention produces energy for space heating and production of sanitary hot water and provides cooling energy for space cooling is shown in Figure 15.
  • the system heats up a thermal storage means, such as hot water buffer tank.
  • This tank supplies with hot water a heating system of an installation as well as the sanitary hot water tank.
  • a pump circulates the hot water from the buffer to a plate heat exchanger and another pump circulates the sanitary water from the tank to the secondary circuit of the heat exchanger. This way the sanitary circuit is separated from the heating system circuit.
  • the system produces cold water and, through another buffer tank, it can supply a cooling system of an installation.
  • a variation of SAHP system of the present invention where two extra refrigeration circuits to air heat exchanger coils are connected in series with the condenser and evaporator heat exchangers providing cooling and heating to an air handling unit as shown in Figure 16.
  • the SAHP provides for space heating and sanitary hot water.
  • the solar collectors can be connected either directly to the evaporator or via a buffer tank.
  • the SAHP is enclosed in an air handling unit. It includes air heating and cooling elements as well as water heating and cooling elements (plate heat exchangers).
  • the SAHP can produce hot water for the heating system of the installation as well as the sanitary hot water through a plate heat exchanger.
  • the system uses an air dehumidification element (cooling element) and a solar buffer to gain heat. This operation performs with an increased COP acting as a total heat recovery to the air handling unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système hybride d'énergie thermique pour des applications de chauffage et/ou de refroidissement, comprenant des moyens de captage solaire pour transférer l'énergie thermique à un fluide de transfert de chaleur, des moyens de mise à niveau thermique pour augmenter l'énergie thermique dans le système, tels qu'une pompe à chaleur et des moyens de stockage thermique.
PCT/EP2009/001676 2009-03-09 2009-03-09 Systèmes hybrides d'énergie thermique et applications de ceux-ci WO2010102640A1 (fr)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102927605A (zh) * 2012-11-09 2013-02-13 沈阳建筑大学 太阳能-地源热泵与热网互补供热装置
JP2013160435A (ja) * 2012-02-03 2013-08-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 熱源選択支援装置及びその方法並びに熱源システム
WO2014016833A1 (fr) * 2012-07-26 2014-01-30 Zvi Shtilerman Pompe à chaleur air-eau
EP2458304A3 (fr) * 2010-11-24 2014-06-18 Glen Dimplex Deutschland GmbH Installation de pompe à chaleur comprenant une pompe à chaleur et procédé de fonctionnement d'une telle installation de pompe à chaleur
GB2527341A (en) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-23 Flint Engineering Ltd Heating system
EP3106761A1 (fr) * 2015-06-19 2016-12-21 Alexander Schwarz Dispositif d'alimentation thermique d'un consommateur thermique
EP3111485A4 (fr) * 2014-02-25 2018-03-28 Sun Drum Solar Llc Système collecteur et dissipateur d'énergie solaire d'appoint hybride doté d'une ou de plusieurs pompes à chaleur
CN109827221A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-05-31 东北电力大学 一种基于多种清洁能源的模块化组合式智能供热系统
IT201900021039A1 (it) * 2019-11-13 2021-05-13 Janus Energy S R L Pompa di calore elioassistita
WO2023146385A1 (fr) * 2022-01-25 2023-08-03 Nicolae COVALENCO Système autonome à énergie solaire

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CH491341A (fr) * 1968-03-14 1970-05-31 Mary Joao Appareil de chauffage d'un liquide utilisant l'énergie solaire
FR2505990A1 (fr) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-19 Calories Geothermiques Solaire Systeme de chauffage pour locaux, notamment pour locaux d'habitation
US4507936A (en) * 1983-08-19 1985-04-02 System Homes Company Ltd. Integral solar and heat pump water heating system
US4869234A (en) * 1988-01-15 1989-09-26 Rapozo Edward S Passive solar heater
DE3902745A1 (de) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-02 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Waermepumpenanlage
EP1248055A2 (fr) * 2001-03-26 2002-10-09 Vaillant GmbH Source de chaleur ambiante totale pour une pompe à chaleur
SE518788C2 (sv) * 1997-09-25 2002-11-19 Stt Svensk Tork Och Kylteknik Metod och anordning för utnyttjande av jord- och solvärme
AT412911B (de) * 2002-03-07 2005-08-25 Thermo System Kaelte Klima Und Vorrichtung zum erwärmen eines wärmeträgers
EP1962024A2 (fr) * 2007-02-26 2008-08-27 KIOTO Clear Energy AG Installation de chauffage à eau chaude et installation de chauffage central utilisant des sources énergétiques renouvelables
WO2008130306A1 (fr) * 2007-04-24 2008-10-30 Thermia Värme Ab Systeme de pompe a chaleur solaire
WO2008152786A1 (fr) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Panasonic Corporation Dispositif d'alimentation en eau chaude pour habitations

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH491341A (fr) * 1968-03-14 1970-05-31 Mary Joao Appareil de chauffage d'un liquide utilisant l'énergie solaire
FR2505990A1 (fr) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-19 Calories Geothermiques Solaire Systeme de chauffage pour locaux, notamment pour locaux d'habitation
US4507936A (en) * 1983-08-19 1985-04-02 System Homes Company Ltd. Integral solar and heat pump water heating system
US4869234A (en) * 1988-01-15 1989-09-26 Rapozo Edward S Passive solar heater
DE3902745A1 (de) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-02 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Waermepumpenanlage
SE518788C2 (sv) * 1997-09-25 2002-11-19 Stt Svensk Tork Och Kylteknik Metod och anordning för utnyttjande av jord- och solvärme
EP1248055A2 (fr) * 2001-03-26 2002-10-09 Vaillant GmbH Source de chaleur ambiante totale pour une pompe à chaleur
AT412911B (de) * 2002-03-07 2005-08-25 Thermo System Kaelte Klima Und Vorrichtung zum erwärmen eines wärmeträgers
EP1962024A2 (fr) * 2007-02-26 2008-08-27 KIOTO Clear Energy AG Installation de chauffage à eau chaude et installation de chauffage central utilisant des sources énergétiques renouvelables
WO2008130306A1 (fr) * 2007-04-24 2008-10-30 Thermia Värme Ab Systeme de pompe a chaleur solaire
WO2008152786A1 (fr) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Panasonic Corporation Dispositif d'alimentation en eau chaude pour habitations

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2458304A3 (fr) * 2010-11-24 2014-06-18 Glen Dimplex Deutschland GmbH Installation de pompe à chaleur comprenant une pompe à chaleur et procédé de fonctionnement d'une telle installation de pompe à chaleur
JP2013160435A (ja) * 2012-02-03 2013-08-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 熱源選択支援装置及びその方法並びに熱源システム
WO2014016833A1 (fr) * 2012-07-26 2014-01-30 Zvi Shtilerman Pompe à chaleur air-eau
CN102927605A (zh) * 2012-11-09 2013-02-13 沈阳建筑大学 太阳能-地源热泵与热网互补供热装置
EP3111485A4 (fr) * 2014-02-25 2018-03-28 Sun Drum Solar Llc Système collecteur et dissipateur d'énergie solaire d'appoint hybride doté d'une ou de plusieurs pompes à chaleur
US20170130969A1 (en) * 2014-06-19 2017-05-11 Flint Engineering Ltd. Heating System
GB2527341B (en) * 2014-06-19 2016-05-18 Flint Eng Ltd System including heat exchange panel
WO2015193681A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-23 Flint Engineering Ltd Système de chauffage
GB2527341A (en) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-23 Flint Engineering Ltd Heating system
EP3460342A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2019-03-27 Flint Engineering Limited Système de chauffage
EP3460341A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2019-03-27 Flint Engineering Limited Système de chauffage
US10253990B2 (en) 2014-06-19 2019-04-09 Flint Engineering Ltd. Heating system
EP3106761A1 (fr) * 2015-06-19 2016-12-21 Alexander Schwarz Dispositif d'alimentation thermique d'un consommateur thermique
CN109827221A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-05-31 东北电力大学 一种基于多种清洁能源的模块化组合式智能供热系统
IT201900021039A1 (it) * 2019-11-13 2021-05-13 Janus Energy S R L Pompa di calore elioassistita
WO2023146385A1 (fr) * 2022-01-25 2023-08-03 Nicolae COVALENCO Système autonome à énergie solaire

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