WO2010091924A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une ferrure, d'une grille latérale ou d'une grille de cuisson pour applications à hautes températures, ainsi que pièce métallique - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une ferrure, d'une grille latérale ou d'une grille de cuisson pour applications à hautes températures, ainsi que pièce métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010091924A1
WO2010091924A1 PCT/EP2010/050690 EP2010050690W WO2010091924A1 WO 2010091924 A1 WO2010091924 A1 WO 2010091924A1 EP 2010050690 W EP2010050690 W EP 2010050690W WO 2010091924 A1 WO2010091924 A1 WO 2010091924A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metallic
metallic coating
blank
solid lubricant
coating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/050690
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Jährling
Willi Grigat
Original Assignee
Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2010091924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010091924A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/16—Shelves, racks or trays inside ovens; Supports therefor
    • F24C15/168—Shelves, racks or trays inside ovens; Supports therefor with telescopic rail systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/04—Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/10—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
    • C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
    • C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a fitting, a side rail or a product support according to the preamble of claim 1 and a metallic component for use in the high-temperature region, according to the preamble of claim 10.
  • EP 0 218 645 discloses a plating bath for co-depositing metal and a permanently lubricated solid lubricant, the plating bath comprising a specific water-soluble, cationic surfactant.
  • DE 1 255 431 discloses the incorporation of dry lubricant particles into a metal coating. This takes place by means of storage in plastic bubbles in the form of microencapsulations.
  • the present invention therefore, starting from the previous methods of application of solid lubricants in the task of creating a component with a coating, which ensures a lower abrasion of the lubricants and also corrosion resistant and suitable for high temperature applications.
  • the present invention solves this object by a method and a metallic component by the features of the characteristics of claims 1 and 10.
  • the process for producing a fitting, a side rail or a product carrier for high-temperature applications involves two successive production steps.
  • a metallic blank is made or formed, and in a subsequent second step, a metallic coating is applied to the blank.
  • this metallic coating at least one solid lubricant is incorporated.
  • Solid lubricants predominantly have a layered structure. Their tribologically advantageous properties can be explained by a shift of the superimposed layers. This results in prolonged use to a sliding wear of the lubricant layer. Metal layers are both removed during friction and shifted to each other. If, however, the soft solid lubricants are incorporated in metal layers, then material factors such as Vickers hardness and friction coefficient can be optimized in such a way that significantly less abrasion of the coating material takes place. This lower abrasion is expressed in abrasion factors, which are four to five times lower than in pure metal coatings. Another advantage is that the solid lubricant can not be removed by mechanical cleaning of the sliding surface, but is firmly connected to the metal surface.
  • the surface can be additionally surface-treated by applying several types of metal.
  • the solid lubricant is incorporated as boron nitride during application of the metallic coating in the metal structure.
  • the excellent tribological properties of the boron nitride are additionally supplemented by the incorporation into the metallic coating.
  • Hexagonal boron nitride retains its tribological properties at over 600 ° C. as much as possible and is therefore particularly suitable as a lubricant for use in ovens and the like with pyrolysis operation. It is also extremely pressure-resistant, whereby the coefficient of friction under pressure load decreases even further, which corresponds to a thixotropic mode of action.
  • this coating can already be achieved in an advantageous manner by immersing a metallic raw part in a solution with dissolved metal ions. This occurs, for example, in the cementation of copper on iron fittings.
  • an advantageous application of a metallic coating by means of electrochemical deposition can be effected by a galvanic process.
  • nickel plating of the metallic blank can take place with incorporation of solid lubricants.
  • a large proportion of the supplied current is used for depositing the nickel on the metallic blank. Therefore, a nickel plating process is very energy efficient compared to other galvanic processes.
  • the nickel coating is also chemically resistant to dilute acids and much of
  • Lyes as used in aggressive chemical cleaning agents.
  • nickel is not corrodible and resistant to water and air.
  • the metallic blank after coating with a metallic coating passes through a tempering process, in which an additional curing of the coating takes place. Larger dislocations in the metal grid are eliminated and the stored solid lubricants are more firmly integrated into the metal structure.
  • the heating process should be controlled slowly by a temperature gradient.
  • the cooling should be controlled by a gradient to avoid disorder due to different
  • the annealing process between 300 to 700 0 C, preferably 400-600 0 C operated. Higher degrees of hardness of the metal coatings with solid lubricant contents can be achieved in this area than is the case with comparable uncured metal coatings.
  • Solved baking ovens which provides a molded blank with a metallic coating, which additionally contains at least one solid lubricant.
  • this component Due to the nature of this component, it can be used wherever high-temperature friction occurs. This relates primarily to equipment for food preparation, but can also be used in appliances such as drying ovens, for example for drying chemical preparations, muffle ovens, vacuum ovens and the like, where pull-out guides or other fittings are used.
  • drying ovens for example for drying chemical preparations, muffle ovens, vacuum ovens and the like, where pull-out guides or other fittings are used.
  • the metallic coating contains boron nitride.
  • Boron nitride in this case has excellent tribological properties, is also used in areas of about 300 0 C and therefore can be subjected to a tempering s process to increase the coating hardness together with the metallic component.
  • Another advantageous solid lubricant which is present in or on the metallic coating of the component is polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • This solid lubricant is characterized by its high availability and its small particle size. Due to this small particle size, the solid lubricant can be dissolved disperse in an electrolyte solution and then finely dispersed in the metallic coating to be stored.
  • solid lubricants which may be present on or in the metallic coating, are molybdenum sulfide and graphite. These solid lubricants have a maximum operating range of 35O 0 C and 45O 0 C and can be used in these temperature ranges in ovens as solid lubricant additives in coatings. By using a cobalt-nickel alloy as a metallic coating with the aforementioned solid lubricants, the wear resistance of the coating can be increased again.
  • a high boron nitride content usually also leads to a high phosphorus content, which is embedded in the metal structures.
  • sprozes s can advantageously be a hardening of the metallic coating by removal of phosphides from the metal structure.
  • Figure 1 is a front view and a perspective view of a pullout guide according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the pullout guide
  • FIGS. 3a-f show several side views, a front view and a perspective view of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic temperature diagram for producing a coated component.
  • a pullout guide 1 for high-temperature applications comprises a guide rail 2 and a guide rail 3 movable relative to the guide rail 2, between which a middle rail 10 is mounted. Furthermore, the pullout guide 1 can also have more than one middle rail.
  • rolling elements 4 in particular made of ceramic, are provided for the movable mounting of the middle rail 10 and the running rail 3 .
  • a plurality of raceways 6 for the spherical rolling elements 4 are provided on the guide rail 2, the middle rail 10 and the running rail 3 in each case.
  • the rolling elements are arranged in a Wälz Eisenmaschinefig.
  • Other components of the pullout guide are a stopper 7, a stopper 10 a plurality of brackets 8 for fixing the pullout guide 1 and a diaphragm. 9
  • FIG. 3 Another pullout guide 1 'for high temperature applications is shown in Figure 3 and shows a guide rail 2' and a movable relative to the guide rail track 3 ', which is mounted on the guide rail.
  • a guide rail 2' and a movable relative to the guide rail track 3 ' which is mounted on the guide rail.
  • the running rail 3 'rolling elements 4' in particular made of ceramic, are provided, which are guided in raceways 6 '.
  • Other components such as a stop V, a plurality of brackets 8 'and a diaphragm 9' are mounted analogously to the previously described embodiment of the pullout guide.
  • the rails 1, 2, 3, 1 'and 2' are made for use in ovens from a stamped and bent sheet steel and provided with a coating.
  • the components of the pullout guide, in particular the rails 1, 2, 3, 1 'and 2', are manufactured by the following steps:
  • the metallic blanks are produced by punching and bending a steel sheet.
  • the blank can be machined.
  • a metal layer is electrodeposited on the surface of the blanks, wherein the electrolyte solution contains boron nitride or other solid lubricant, which is incorporated in the application deposited in the metal layer deposited on the blank.
  • boron nitride In the deposited metal layer can be incorporated up to a volume fraction of 29% boron nitride, which is a boron nitride content of about 28-33 g / l in the electrolyte solution. Boron nitride is dispersed in the electrolyte solution. Other process parameters are the current density (at 4-6 A / dm 2 ), the pH (at pH 2-4) and the electrolyte temperature (at 40-60 0 C).
  • the coated blanks are then heated to a temperature of at least
  • the hardness of the metallic coating can be three to four times harder (up to 630 HV) in the case of a NiBN layer (nickel boron nitride) than a normal nickel coating.
  • the abrasion was performed according to the Taber Abraser test according to existing DIN standards and gave a Taber Wear Index of 2.5 for a nickel coating with a boron nitride content of 29% and 3.5 for a boron nitride content of 12%, after three grinding cycles.
  • Another possibility of the coating consists in an autocatalytic chemical reduction process, wherein a phosphorus-containing NiBN layer is deposited on the metallic surface of the blank.
  • the phosphorus content increases with increasing proportion of boron nitride in the nickel.
  • the layer thickness decreases for the same duration of the deposition process.
  • the galvanic application of a mixture of several metals in which also boron nitride molecules are incorporated during the deposition process.
  • the metal mixture for example a nickel-cobalt mixture, may also be phosphorus-containing.
  • An inventive phosphorus-containing nickel-cobalt coating consists of:
  • Hexagonal boron nitride mass fraction 0.03-0.04 nickel: mass fraction 0.63-0.71
  • the tempering can be carried out according to the annealing process shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a temperature diagram for the method of the temperature of galvanically coated fittings, side grilles and food carriers with boron nitride molecules embedded in the metallic coating for high-temperature applications.
  • the coated blank is first heated from ambient temperature i3 0th It starts with a temperature gradient of 8-15 K / min, in particular 10 K / min, starting from an initial temperature 0 C in a temperature gradient of 25 K / min over. When reaching a target temperature i ⁇ 2 of 500 0 C follows a temperature plateau over 30 min away. Finally, a cooling phase with 10-20 K / min, in particular 15 K / min back to
  • a galvanically coated pullout guide has been described.
  • other metallic components with a coating according to the invention.
  • food supports, side rails, fittings or other usable in ovens components can be coated.
  • Additional dispersants which adsorb on the surface of the BN particles can additionally be introduced into the metal coating, for example to prevent agglomeration of the boron nitride particles. This can be done by charging the particles, which also builds electrostatic interactions with the metal substrate of the metallic coating, which facilitate Einlagerang and distribution of the dispersed boron nitride particles in the deposited metal coating.
  • the lubricants used should also meet the hygiene requirements of the German version DIN EN ISO 21469: 2006.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une ferrure, d'une grille latérale ou d'une grille de cuisson pour applications à hautes températures, comprenant la fabrication d'une pièce brute et l'application d'un revêtement métallique qui contient au moins un lubrifiant solide. L'invention concerne en outre une pièce métallique faite d'une pièce brute et d'un revêtement métallique avec un lubrifiant solide.
PCT/EP2010/050690 2009-02-13 2010-01-21 Procédé de fabrication d'une ferrure, d'une grille latérale ou d'une grille de cuisson pour applications à hautes températures, ainsi que pièce métallique WO2010091924A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910008931 DE102009008931A1 (de) 2009-02-13 2009-02-13 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Beschlages, eines Seitengitters oder eines Gargutträgers für Hochtemperaturanwendungen und metallisches Bauteil
DE102009008931.4 2009-02-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010091924A1 true WO2010091924A1 (fr) 2010-08-19

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DE (1) DE102009008931A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010091924A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011141504A1 (fr) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Élément métallique, procédé de fabrication d'un élément métallique et ferrure, meuble et appareil ménager

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010041516A1 (de) * 2010-09-28 2012-03-29 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Auszugsvorrichtung für zumindest einen Gargutträger eines Hausgeräts sowie Hausgerät mit einer derartigen Auszugsvorrichtung
DE102011120736B4 (de) * 2011-02-01 2021-08-12 Laag S.R.L. Auszugsführung für einen Backofen oder für eine Spülmaschine
DE102012108067A1 (de) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Bauteils eines Beschlages, Beschlag, Backofen und Möbel oder Haushaltsgerät
DE102018106787A1 (de) * 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Auszugsführung und Mikrowellengargerät oder industrieller Wärmeofen mit einer Auszugsführung

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1255431B (de) 1966-05-27 1967-11-30 Mahle Kg Verfahren zur galvanischen Herstellung von Metallueberzuegen mit Schmiermitteleigenschaften
DE3333121A1 (de) * 1983-09-14 1985-03-28 AHC-Oberflächentechnik, Friebe & Reininghaus GmbH & Co KG, 5014 Kerpen Dispersionsschichten
EP0218645A1 (fr) 1985-04-22 1987-04-22 Fluehmann Ag Werner Bain galvanique pour le depot simultane de metaux et d'un lubrifiant solide permanent.
DE3537479A1 (de) * 1985-10-22 1987-04-23 Majewski Klaus Peter Korrosionsschutzmittel mit gleichzeitigem schmiereffekt
US4681817A (en) * 1984-12-24 1987-07-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Riken Piston ring
DE4119727A1 (de) * 1990-07-18 1992-01-23 Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd Gleitelement
EP1589289A1 (fr) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-26 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Système d'extraction pour appareil ménager
DE102007017380A1 (de) * 2007-04-05 2008-10-09 Freie Universität Berlin Materialsystem und Verfahren zur dessen Herstellung

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1255431B (de) 1966-05-27 1967-11-30 Mahle Kg Verfahren zur galvanischen Herstellung von Metallueberzuegen mit Schmiermitteleigenschaften
DE3333121A1 (de) * 1983-09-14 1985-03-28 AHC-Oberflächentechnik, Friebe & Reininghaus GmbH & Co KG, 5014 Kerpen Dispersionsschichten
US4681817A (en) * 1984-12-24 1987-07-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Riken Piston ring
EP0218645A1 (fr) 1985-04-22 1987-04-22 Fluehmann Ag Werner Bain galvanique pour le depot simultane de metaux et d'un lubrifiant solide permanent.
EP0218645B1 (fr) * 1985-04-22 1991-09-11 Werner Flühmann Ag Bain galvanique pour le depot simultane de metaux et d'un lubrifiant solide permanent
DE3537479A1 (de) * 1985-10-22 1987-04-23 Majewski Klaus Peter Korrosionsschutzmittel mit gleichzeitigem schmiereffekt
DE4119727A1 (de) * 1990-07-18 1992-01-23 Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd Gleitelement
EP1589289A1 (fr) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-26 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Système d'extraction pour appareil ménager
DE102007017380A1 (de) * 2007-04-05 2008-10-09 Freie Universität Berlin Materialsystem und Verfahren zur dessen Herstellung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
PUSHPAVANAM M ET AL: "Nickel-Boron Nitride Electrocomposites", METAL FINISHING, ELSEVIER, NEW YORK, NY, US LNKD- DOI:10.1016/0026-0576(95)96247-L, vol. 93, no. 6, 1 June 1995 (1995-06-01), pages 97 - 99, XP004024553, ISSN: 0026-0576 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011141504A1 (fr) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Élément métallique, procédé de fabrication d'un élément métallique et ferrure, meuble et appareil ménager

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