WO2010086908A1 - 油中水滴型エマルジョン燃料用乳化剤 - Google Patents

油中水滴型エマルジョン燃料用乳化剤 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010086908A1
WO2010086908A1 PCT/JP2009/000782 JP2009000782W WO2010086908A1 WO 2010086908 A1 WO2010086908 A1 WO 2010086908A1 JP 2009000782 W JP2009000782 W JP 2009000782W WO 2010086908 A1 WO2010086908 A1 WO 2010086908A1
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Prior art keywords
water
oil
emulsifier
heavy oil
emulsion fuel
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PCT/JP2009/000782
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
稲澤進
稲澤仁
Original Assignee
Inazawa Susumu
Inazawa Hitoshi
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Application filed by Inazawa Susumu, Inazawa Hitoshi filed Critical Inazawa Susumu
Priority to US13/138,249 priority Critical patent/US20120066962A1/en
Priority to EP09839100.6A priority patent/EP2392636B1/en
Publication of WO2010086908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010086908A1/ja
Priority to US14/050,114 priority patent/US8882860B2/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/1802—Organic compounds containing oxygen natural products, e.g. waxes, extracts, fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy

Definitions

  • the present invention is a water-in-oil (W / O) type emulsion fuel in which oil fuel (light oil and heavy oil) and water are in a very stable emulsified state for a long period (two years or more) and the oil and water do not re-separate. It is related with the manufacturing method of the emulsifier for making.
  • the present invention significantly reduces the generation of a large amount of toxic gas and dust generated during combustion of petroleum fuel (both light oil and heavy oil) to prevent pollution and improve fuel efficiency through complete combustion, thereby saving energy.
  • the purpose is to measure.
  • emulsion fuels use other chemicals such as monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, oleic acid, aliphatic sulfonates, and alcohol fatty acid esters as emulsifiers, but these chemicals are expensive and therefore expensive to manufacture.
  • the emulsion fuel produced by adding and mixing these chemicals is unstable in emulsification and oil and water are re-separated in a short time after generation. It must be performed and cannot be stored and managed as fuel itself, and there are many economic benefits for general SME consumers such as combustion technology for the emulsifying device and expensive emulsifying device.
  • the present invention drastically solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and can be stored and managed in the same way as pure petroleum fuel because oil and water do not re-separate for a long time (two years or more) due to a stable and uniformly emulsified state. Since it is used in conventional combustion equipment while in an oil tank, it does not require expensive emulsification equipment or special combustion technology.
  • the emulsifier for water-in-oil emulsion fuel of the present invention comprises the following components (1) to (7).
  • Heavy oil A ... 50ml to 100ml
  • Heavy fuel oil B ... 100ml to 200ml
  • C heavy oil 300ml to 450ml
  • Methanol 100ml to 150ml
  • Ethanol ... 100ml to 200ml
  • Palm oil ... 100ml to 150ml
  • a high-speed stirrer 3000 rpm or more
  • the emulsifier produced in this way is ultra-fine (0.5 to 1 micron) and is in a uniformly dispersed emulsified state.
  • this emulsifier is added to petroleum fuel and water and mixed with stirring, the emulsifier is scattered into a secondary form. Emulsion phenomenon occurs and an emulsion fuel with stable dispersion of ultra fine particles is obtained.
  • the volume ratio of light petroleum fuel (light oil, kerosene, A heavy oil) and water is 90% to 65% oil, and the total amount of water is 10 to 35%.
  • 10 to 30/1000 of the above is added and mixed to produce a light oil emulsion fuel that is uniformly dispersed and stably emulsified
  • the volume ratio of heavy petroleum fuel (B heavy oil, C heavy oil) to water is 90% ⁇ Uniform dispersion that does not re-separate for a long time by adding and mixing the emulsifier of the present invention with the ratio of 2% to 10/1000 to 60%, hot water (70 ° C to 90 ° C) 10% to 40%.
  • a heavy petroleum emulsion fuel having a stable emulsified state is produced.
  • a petroleum fuel (light oil and heavy oil) emulsion fuel produced using the emulsifier of the present invention is in a stable emulsified state in which very fine water is uniformly dispersed in the oil, and thus has good combustion stability and is completely Because it burns, it not only saves energy by improving combustion efficiency such as combustion of unburned matter and disappearance of exhaust gas soot, but also greatly reduces the occurrence of harmful exhausts such as nitrogen oxides and soot and has a great effect of pollution prevention .
  • a heavy oil emulsion fuel A heavy oil 8 l (80%) water 2 l (20%) emulsifier 50/1000 (based on the total amount of A heavy oil + water) Emulsifier component A heavy oil 100ml B heavy oil 150ml C heavy oil 300ml 150 ml of methanol 100ml ethanol Palm oil 100ml 100ml water 2 B heavy oil emulsion fuel B heavy oil 10 l (75.8%) water 3.2 l (24.2%) emulsifier 25/1000 (based on the total amount of B heavy oil + water) Emulsifier ingredients (same as above) 3 C heavy oil emulsion fuel C heavy oil 10 l (75.8%) water 3.2 l (24.2%) emulsifier 25/1000 (based on the total amount of C heavy oil + water) Emulsifier component (same as 1 above)
  • Table 1 above compares the amount of nitrogen oxides and dust generated during combustion of each of the A heavy oil, B heavy oil, and C heavy oil emulsion fuels using the emulsifier of the present invention with other commercially available emulsion fuels.
  • Nitrogen oxides are 60% A heavy oil emulsion fuel, 44% B heavy oil emulsion fuel, 55% less C heavy oil emulsion fuel, and 52% less heavy dust emulsion fuel, 52% B heavy oil emulsion fuel It was confirmed how much the pollution prevention effect of the emulsion fuel by the emulsifier of the present invention was greater than that of other commercially available emulsion fuels.
  • Table 2 above shows the results of actual measurement after burning for one week in a hot water boiler at a bathhouse for both B heavy oil emulsion fuel and C heavy oil emulsion fuel, and the energy saving effect is great.
  • emulsion fuel has various effects (such as energy-saving exhaust gas cleaning), but to achieve the maximum effect without trouble, it is to make an excellent stable emulsion fuel.
  • the emulsifier of the present invention it is possible to obtain each oil type emulsion fuel in an evenly dispersed and stable emulsified state, which is extremely finely divided, and can be stored for a long period of time that was impossible with conventional emulsion fuels. Therefore, there is no need for an emulsifying device attached to the combustion equipment, and it can be used with conventional combustion equipment like pure petroleum fuel. Further, the use of the emulsifier of the present invention can be satisfactorily satisfied in the energy saving effect and pollution prevention effect which are the original purposes of the emulsion fuel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)

Abstract

均一分散の安定した乳化状態により長期間、油と水が再分離しない油中水滴型エマルジョン燃料用乳化剤を提供する。本発明の油中水滴型エマルジョン燃料用乳化剤は、以下の（１）から（７）の成分からなる。 （１）Ａ重油・・・・・・５０ｍｌ以上１００ｍｌ （２）Ｂ重油・・・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ （３）Ｃ重油・・・・・３００ｍｌ以上４５０ｍｌ （４）メタノール・・・１００ｍｌ以上１５０ｍｌ （５）エタノール・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ （６）パーム油・・・・１００ｍｌ以上１５０ｍｌ （７）水・・・・・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ

Description

[規則37.2に基づきISAが決定した発明の名称]　油中水滴型エマルジョン燃料用乳化剤
　本発明は、石油燃料（軽質油及び重質油）と水との極めて安定した乳化状態の長期間（２カ年以上）、油と水が再分離しない油中水滴（Ｗ／Ｏ）型エマルジョン燃料を作るための乳化剤の製造方法に関するものである。
　また、本発明は石油燃料（軽質油及び重質油共）の燃焼時に発生する大量の有毒ガスやばいじんの発生を大幅に減少させて公害を防止すると共に完全燃焼による燃料効率の改善で省エネルギー効果をはかることを目的とするものである。
　従来のエマルジョン燃料は、乳化剤としてモノエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、オレイン酸、脂肪族スルホン酸塩、アルコール脂肪酸エステル等その他の薬剤が使用されているが、これらの薬剤は高価なため製造コストが高く、またこれらの薬剤を添加混合して製造したエマルジョン燃料は乳化状態が不安定で生成後短時間に油と水が再分離をおこすため、乳化装置を燃焼機器に付設して乳化と同時に燃焼を行わなければならず燃料自体としての貯蔵管理は不可能であり、乳化装置についての燃焼技術や高価な乳化装置等一般中小企業の消費者には経済的なメリットが少ないものが多い。
　本発明は上記のような欠点を抜本的に解決し、均一分散の安定した乳化状態により長期間（２カ年以上）、油と水が再分離しないので純石油燃料と同様に貯蔵管理が出来、油タンクに入れたままで在来の燃焼機器で使用するため、高価な乳化装置や特別な燃焼技術を必要としない。
本発明の油中水滴型エマルジョン燃料用乳化剤は以下の（１）から（７）の成分からなる。
（１）Ａ重油・・・・・・５０ｍｌ以上１００ｍｌ
（２）Ｂ重油・・・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ
（３）Ｃ重油・・・・・３００ｍｌ以上４５０ｍｌ
（４）メタノール・・・１００ｍｌ以上１５０ｍｌ
（５）エタノール・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ
（６）パーム油・・・・１００ｍｌ以上１５０ｍｌ
（７）水・・・・・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ
即ち、本発明の乳化剤を作るのに
（１）Ａ重油・・・・・・５０ｍｌ以上１００ｍｌ
（２）Ｂ重油・・・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ
（３）Ｃ重油・・・・・３００ｍｌ以上４５０ｍｌ
（４）メタノール・・・１００ｍｌ以上１５０ｍｌ
（５）エタノール・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ
（６）パーム油・・・・１００ｍｌ以上１５０ｍｌ
（７）水・・・・・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ
　上記各成分のうち、先に、（１）、（２）、（３）、（４）、の成分を攪拌混合した全容量に、（５）、（６）、（７）の成分を混合溶解させた溶液を加え、高速攪拌機（毎同３０００回転以上）で１０分間攪拌混合して、本発明の乳化剤を製造する。
　このようにして製造した乳化剤は超微粒化（０．５ミクロン～１ミクロン）し、均一分散した乳化状態にあり、この乳化剤を石油燃料と水に添加して攪拌混合すると乳化剤は四散し二次微粒化現象をおこし極微粒子の均一分散の安定したエマルジョン燃料が得られる。
　本発明を詳しく述べると、軽質石油燃料（軽油、灯油、Ａ重油）と水の容量比を油９０％～６５％、水１０～３５％の比率からなる合計量に本発明の乳化剤を１０００分の１０以上１０００分の３０を添加混合して均一分散の安定した乳化状態の軽質石油エマルジョン燃料を製造し、また重質石油燃料（Ｂ重油、Ｃ重油）と水との容量比を９０％～６０％、熱水（７０℃以上９０℃）１０％～４０％の比率からなる合計量に本発明の乳化剤を１０００分の２以上１０００分の１０を添加混合して長期間再分離しない均一分散の乳化状態の安定した重質石油エマルジョン燃料を製造する。
　本発明の乳化剤を使用して製造した石油燃料（軽質油及び重質油共）エマルジョン燃料は油中に極微粒子の水が均一に分散し安定した乳化状態であるため燃焼安定性が良く、完全燃焼するので未燃焼分の燃焼や排気ガスのススの消失等燃焼効率の改善向上による省エネルギーがはかれるばかりでなく窒素酸化物やばいじん等有害排気物の発生を大幅に減少させ公害防止の効果が大きい。
　また従来の乳化剤に比べて著しく安価であることも経済的に大きなメリットである。
　最後に本発明の乳化剤により製造したＡ重油エマルジョン燃料、Ｂ重油エマルジョン燃料及びＣ重油エマルジョン燃料の燃焼実験を実施したところ、次のような結果を得た。
１　Ａ重油エマルジョン燃料
　Ａ重油８ｌ（８０％）水２ｌ（２０％）乳化剤１０００分の５０（Ａ重油＋水の合計量に対して）
　乳化剤の成分
　　Ａ重油　　　　　１００ｍｌ
　　Ｂ重油　　　　　１５０ｍｌ
　　Ｃ重油　　　　　３００ｍｌ
　　メタノール　　　１５０ｍｌ
　　エタノール　　　１００ｍｌ
　　パーム油　　　　１００ｍｌ
　　水　　　　　　　１００ｍｌ
２　Ｂ重油エマルジョン燃料
　Ｂ重油１０ｌ（７５．８％）水３．２ｌ（２４．２％）乳化剤１０００分の２５（Ｂ重油＋水の合計量に対して）
　乳化剤の成分（上記と同じ）
３　Ｃ重油エマルジョン燃料
　Ｃ重油１０ｌ（７５．８％）水３．２ｌ（２４．２％）乳化剤１０００分の２５（Ｃ重油＋水の合計量に対して）
　乳化剤の成分（上記１と同じ）
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
　上記の表１は、本発明の乳化剤を使用したＡ重油、Ｂ重油、Ｃ重油の各エマルジョン燃料の燃焼時における窒素酸化物及びばいじんの発生量を市販の他のエマルジョン燃料と比較したもので、窒素酸化物はＡ重油エマルジョン燃料が６０％、Ｂ重油エマルジョン燃料が４４％、Ｃ重油エマルジョン燃料が５５％発生量が少なく、またばいじん発生量はＡ重油エマルジョン燃料が５２％、Ｂ重油エマルジョン燃料が９３％、Ｃ重油エマルジョン燃料が７２％発生量が少なく市販の他のエマルジョン燃料と比較して本発明の乳化剤によるエマルジョン燃料の公害防止の効果が如何に大きいかが確認された。
（注）分析方法
（１）窒素酸化物濃度はＪＩＳＫ０１０４
（２）ばいじん濃度はＪＩＳＺ８８６８
　上記の表２は、Ｂ重油エマルジョン燃料、Ｃ重油エマルジョン燃料共、風呂屋の温水ボイラーで１週間連続して燃焼して実測した結果であり省エネルギー効果が大きい。
　従来からエマルジョン燃料によって各種の効果（省エネルギー排ガス清浄化など）があると言われているがトラブルなく最大の効果を発揮するには優れた安定のエマルジョン燃料を作ることである。本発明の乳化剤を使用することにより極微粒化した均一分散の安定した乳化状態の各油種別エマルジョン燃料が得られ、従来のエマルジョン燃料では不可能であった長期間の貯蔵が出来るようになり、そのため燃焼機器に付設して使用する乳化装置も必要がなく純石油燃料同様に従来の燃焼機器で使用することができるようになった。またエマルジョン燃料の本来の目的である省エネルギー効果と公害防止の効果においても本発明の乳化剤を使用することにより十分に満たすことが出来る。

Claims (1)

  1. 以下の（１）から（７）の成分からなる油中水滴型エマルジョン燃料用乳化剤。
    （１）Ａ重油・・・・・・５０ｍｌ以上１００ｍｌ
    （２）Ｂ重油・・・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ
    （３）Ｃ重油・・・・・３００ｍｌ以上４５０ｍｌ
    （４）メタノール・・・１００ｍｌ以上１５０ｍｌ
    （５）エタノール・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ
    （６）パーム油・・・・１００ｍｌ以上１５０ｍｌ
    （７）水・・・・・・・１００ｍｌ以上２００ｍｌ
PCT/JP2009/000782 2009-01-30 2009-02-24 油中水滴型エマルジョン燃料用乳化剤 WO2010086908A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

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US13/138,249 US20120066962A1 (en) 2009-01-30 2009-02-24 Emulsifier for water-in-oil emulsion fuel
EP09839100.6A EP2392636B1 (en) 2009-01-30 2009-02-24 Emulsifier for water-in-oil emulsion fuel
US14/050,114 US8882860B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2013-10-09 Emulsifier for water-in-oil emulsion fuel

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JP2009-019466 2009-01-30
JP2009019466A JP4472013B2 (ja) 2009-01-30 2009-01-30 油中水滴型エマルジョン燃料

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US13/138,249 A-371-Of-International US20120066962A1 (en) 2009-01-30 2009-02-24 Emulsifier for water-in-oil emulsion fuel
US14/050,114 Continuation US8882860B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2013-10-09 Emulsifier for water-in-oil emulsion fuel

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US20120066962A1 (en) 2012-03-22
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US8882860B2 (en) 2014-11-11
JP4472013B2 (ja) 2010-06-02

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