WO2010072062A1 - 一种养鱼设施 - Google Patents

一种养鱼设施 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010072062A1
WO2010072062A1 PCT/CN2009/071637 CN2009071637W WO2010072062A1 WO 2010072062 A1 WO2010072062 A1 WO 2010072062A1 CN 2009071637 W CN2009071637 W CN 2009071637W WO 2010072062 A1 WO2010072062 A1 WO 2010072062A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pond
water
fish
foam separation
secondary foam
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PCT/CN2009/071637
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
兰泽桥
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Lan Zeqiao
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Publication of WO2010072062A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010072062A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fishing facility, and more particularly to a fish farming facility. Background technique
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an efficient combination of production of fish ponds and ecological water treatment facilities, an environmentally friendly factory-circulating water-fishing efficient production mode, and a high-efficiency ecological purification circulating water culture with small land area and high utilization rate. Fish facility.
  • an efficient ecological purification circulating water fish farming facility including a fish pond, a fish pond and a first-stage sedimentation tank, a secondary foam separation tank, a constructed wetland biological filter, a collecting basin and a tracheal gas stone and
  • the ecological purification water system of the sterilization equipment constitutes an independent production unit
  • the fish pond communicates with the primary sedimentation tank through the drainage hole of the bottom wall of the tank
  • the primary sedimentation tank is connected with the secondary foam separation tank
  • the secondary foam separation tank passes through the bottom wall outlet hole.
  • the water tank and the sump are connected to the sump through the circumferential backwater ditch and the overflow hole.
  • the collecting pool is provided with tracheal gas stone and sterilizing equipment.
  • the collecting pool is connected with the fish pond through the tracheal gas stone and the sterilizing equipment and the water inlet hole.
  • the pool, the secondary foam separation tank and the constructed wetland biological filter are connected to the biogas tank through the drain hole.
  • the primary sedimentation tank and the secondary foam separation tank are filled with a biological filter.
  • the bottom of the sump set in the constructed wetland biofilter is arranged in a T-shape by the cement baffle crossing height, and the cement baffle is provided with a filter consisting of carbonate ore, plastic ball, nano ceramsite and polyphenylene fiber brush.
  • a constructed wetland consisting of microorganisms, aquatic animals and aquatic plants.
  • the fish pond is integrated with the ecological purification water system including the primary sedimentation tank, the secondary foam separation tank, the constructed wetland biological filter, the collecting basin and the tracheal gas stone and the sterilization equipment, and is at the same level on the static water level.
  • the water is injected into the first-stage sedimentation tank through the drainage hole at the bottom of the pool, and then flows into the secondary foam separation filter. Then, the water from the bottom wall flows into the artificial wetland biofilter to be purified by sedimentation, microbial degradation, aquatic animals and aquatic plants. After treatment, it flows into the collecting tank and is disinfected, sterilized, aerated, and aerated by the tracheal gas stone and sterilization equipment, and then enters the fish pond through the inlet hole, and is recycled again and again.
  • the high-efficiency ecological purification circulating water fish culture facility utilizes regenerative energy such as geothermal, biogas and solar energy to regulate the water temperature of the fish pond and the artificial wetland biofilter, so that the temperature is controlled within the range of 13-26 °C throughout the year.
  • regenerative energy such as geothermal, biogas and solar energy
  • the high-efficiency ecological purification circulating water fish culture facility has an independent production unit of a courtyard type, which can be constructed separately, or multiple sets of series and parallel connection for industrial scale type.
  • the high-efficiency ecological purification circulating water fish raising facility adopts the modular design without pipeline connection and no inlet and drainage channels, and the structure thereof is compact and reasonable, and the hidden danger of underground pipeline blockage is eliminated, and the maintenance and management are facilitated. It saves the channel area, improves the utilization rate, reduces the project cost, and is more suitable for fish farming in the courtyard.
  • the purified water system adopts first-stage sedimentation, secondary foam separation, artificial wetland biological filtration (microorganisms, aquatic plants, aquatic animals) to purify and integrate into the whole, optimizes the water flow direction of the constructed wetland filter, and prolongs the residence time of the circulating water in the pool. To enhance microbial degradation and the absorption of toxic and harmful substances by aquatic animals and aquatic plants.
  • the whole facility uses only one air pump for the whole process of circulating water and one sterilizing equipment, and uses the functions of air pipe, gas stone aeration, oxygen and water lifting to accelerate the water circulation, and the daily exchange volume reaches 60 times or more.
  • DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a plan view of the plane of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a water treatment tank and a constructed wetland biofilter according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an industrial scale layout of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of the courtyard of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of the circulating water of the present invention.
  • An efficient ecological purification circulating water fish farming facility including a fish pond 1 , a fish pond 1 and a primary sedimentation tank
  • the secondary foam separation tank 5, the constructed wetland biofilter 7, the sump 11 and the tracheal gas stone and the sterilizing equipment 12 ecological purification water system constitute an independent production unit, the fish pond 1 through the bottom wall of the pool drain hole 2 and The stage sedimentation tank 4 is connected, the first stage sedimentation tank 4 is connected with the second stage foam separation tank 5, and the second stage foam separation tank 5 is connected to the artificial wetland biofilter 7 through the bottom wall outlet hole 6, and the artificial wetland biofilter 7 is provided.
  • the water collecting tank 9 and the water collecting tank 9 are connected to the sump 11 through the circumferential backwater ditch 8 and the overflow hole 10, and the collecting water tank 11 is provided with a tracheal gas stone and a sterilizing device 12, and the collecting water tank 11 passes the tracheal gas stone and the sterilizing equipment 12 and
  • the inlet hole 13 is connected to the fish pond 1, and the primary sedimentation tank 4, the secondary foam separation tank 5, and the artificial wetland biofilter 7 are communicated with the biogas tank 18 through the drain hole 17.
  • the primary sedimentation tank 4 and the secondary foam separation tank 5 are filled with a biological filter.
  • the bottom of the sump 9 provided in the artificial wetland biofilter 7 is arranged in a T shape by the cement partitions 16 intersecting with the height, and the cement partition 16 is provided with carbonate ore, plastic balls, nano ceramsite and polyphenylene fiber wool.
  • the filter material 14 composed of the brush is provided with a constructed wetland 15 composed of microorganisms, aquatic animals and aquatic plants.
  • the fish pond 1 is integrated with the ecological purification water system including the primary sedimentation tank 4, the secondary foam separation tank 5, the artificial wetland biological filter 7, the pool 11 and the tracheal gas stone and the sterilization equipment 12, and is at the same level on the static water level.
  • the air pump is used to inject the culture water into the first-stage sedimentation tank 4 through the drainage hole 2 of the bottom wall of the pool, and then into the secondary foam separation filter 5, and then flows into the artificial wetland biofilter 7 from the bottom wall outlet hole 6 to be precipitated and microbially degraded.
  • the aquatic animals and aquatic plants absorb the toxic and harmful substances and then flow into the pool. Then they are disinfected, sterilized, aerated, and aerated by the tracheal gas and sterilizing equipment. And the cycle is used again.
  • the high-efficiency ecological purification circulating water fish culture facility utilizes regenerative energy sources such as geothermal, biogas and solar energy to regulate the water temperature of the fish pond 1 and the artificial wetland biofilter 7 so that the temperature is controlled within the range of 1 3-26 °C throughout the year.
  • regenerative energy sources such as geothermal, biogas and solar energy to regulate the water temperature of the fish pond 1 and the artificial wetland biofilter 7 so that the temperature is controlled within the range of 1 3-26 °C throughout the year.
  • the high-efficiency ecological purification circulating water fish culture facility has an independent production unit of a courtyard type, which can be constructed separately, or multiple sets of series and parallel connection for industrial scale type.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • Factory building It can be made of plastic greenhouse or brick-concrete structure. The roof is divided into two parts: the light-transmitting area (above the water treatment tank) and the shading area (above the fish pond 1). In the courtyard type construction, the housing can be built. 22 is built on the fish pond 1 as a shading area.
  • Fish pond its depth is 2m, which is connected to the first-stage sedimentation tank 4 by the drainage hole 2 of the bottom wall of the pool.
  • the water surface foam of the fish pond 1 is collected into the secondary foam separation tank 5 by the water outlet hole 3 of the pool surface, and one side of the fish pond 1 is provided. Drain into the water hole 1 3 .
  • Multi-functional water treatment tank It has a long strip shape and is composed of a combination of a primary sedimentation tank 4, a secondary foam separation tank 5 and a collection basin 11.
  • the first stage sedimentation tank 4 is deposited on the bottom of the pool and is discharged into the biogas tank 18 .
  • the primary treated pool water overflows into the secondary foam separation tank 5 .
  • Fish pond 1 The surface layer entrains the foam water through the surface of the pool wall. 3 Flows into the secondary foam separation tank. 5
  • the foam is separated by the screen, and then the bottom wall outlet 6 flows into the constructed wetland biofilter.
  • Constructed wetland biofilter There is a sump 9 in the bottom, and a cement partition 16 is arranged at the bottom of the collecting trough 9 to form a T-shaped cross-height arrangement, which is covered with carbonate ore, plastic ball and nano ceramsite.
  • the filter material 14 composed of the polyphenylene fiber brush and the water entering from the bottom wall outlet hole 6 degrade the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen in the water through the microorganism attached to the filter material from bottom to top, and then overflow into the sump 9 .
  • the aquatic animals and plants in the artificial wetland 15 in the trough absorb nitrate nitrogen, phosphate and other toxic and harmful substances.
  • the purified water flows into the circumferential backwater ditch 8 and merges into the collecting tank 11 through the overflow hole 10, and then is disinfected by the tracheal gas stone and the sterilization equipment 12 in the pool, and the aeration is aerated, and the level of purification is low.
  • the residue deposited on the bottom of the pool is discharged into the biogas tank 18 by the drain hole 17.
  • Efficient ecological purification of circulating water fish culture facilities ecological purification by fish pond 1 and including primary sedimentation tank 4, secondary foam separation tank 5, constructed wetland biofilter 7, collecting tank 11 and tracheal gas stone and sterilization equipment 12
  • the water system is integrated into an independent production unit, each unit uses a gas pump and a sterilization unit.
  • the daily exchange of fish ponds can be more than 60 times.
  • the whole facility adopts primary, secondary and tertiary water treatment to lengthen the process, and changes the water flow direction of the water treatment tank from bottom to top and top to bottom, so that the whole pool water forms a circular rising swirl and prolongs the circulating water.
  • the residence time in the treatment tank makes the biofilm carrier (filter material), microorganisms and pool aquatic animals and plants absorbed and degraded more thoroughly in the water, thereby improving the effect of water treatment.
  • the invention utilizes renewable energy such as geothermal, biogas and solar energy to regulate the water temperature of the fish pond.
  • the facility can be built below the horizon and can be insulated.
  • the geothermal water (well water) is 18 °C per year.
  • the solar shed is set up in winter.
  • the solar water is used for heating, and the well water is cooled in summer, so that the water temperature of the fish pond is controlled at 1 3-26 °.
  • the indoor temperature of the fish farming workshop or fish farming house is controlled within the range of 1 3-26 °C throughout the year.
  • the independent production unit facility of the present invention is a courtyard type, which is suitable for building fish in front of the house in front of the house. It is also possible to raise fish in the underground of the newly built residential building and to live on the upper floor; the outdoor includes the upper part of the building, the sun area, the artificial wetland, 15 planting aquatic plants. If it is connected in series and in parallel, it will be combined into an industrial-scale fish farming factory.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • Fish pond 1 It is a regular octagon, with a length and width of 11 meters, a depth of 2m, an area of 120m 2 and a volume of 240m 3 . It is composed of two equal fish ponds and a water treatment tank.
  • wetland biofilter 7 It is square, with a length and width of 11m, a depth of 3m, an area of 121 m 2 , a volume of 363m 3 0.
  • the cement partition is installed in the deep pool, and the filter material such as ore is placed; And in the circumferential backwater ditch 8, the aquatic plants 21 are cultivated in the trough.
  • Seed source It is a hybrid carp species that is bred by Yichang Tianxia Yiye Company.
  • Feed source Tianxia brand e 6-8 squid produced by Yichang Tianxia Yiye Feed Factory, its nutrient content is as follows:
  • the daily feeding amount is based on the total weight of the pool fish 1. 5-2. 5; 3-4 times a day, 4 times per meal.
  • Feeding tools and walkways are regularly disinfected with l OOppm chlorine dioxide.
  • Feeding Amount A total of 33,688 kg of feedstock was fed, and the feed coefficient was 1.2. 4. 4 energy consumption (water, electricity): 1. 28 yuan / kg fish.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Description

一种养鱼设施 本申请要求于 2008 年 12 月 23 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810237459. 8、 发明名称为 "高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施" 的中国专利申 请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及一种渔业设施, 尤其涉及一种养鱼设施。 背景技术
目前, 国内外均采用传统的设备型工厂化循环水养鱼系统, 其投资额大、 设备昂贵、 运行能耗高、 操作管理复杂, 经济、 生态效益低, 推广应用难。 本 人发明的 200610018309. 9 "生态节能型工厂化养鱼平位双循环水处理设施" 专利, 虽省略了传统养鱼工厂的成套专用设备, 减少了投资与能耗, 但还存在 规模生产鱼池和水处理设施前后分开,进出水沟渠占地面积大, 利用率不高的 缺陷。 而本人的 200810008753. 1专利 "一种工厂化养鱼廈水生态处理循环利 用系统"中存在动力设备使用较多、能耗较高和进排水管道与沟渠有隐患的问 题。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种生产鱼池和生态水处理设施有机结合,对环境友 好的工厂化循环水养鱼高效生产模式, 进出水沟渠占地面积小、 利用率高的高 效生态净化循环水养鱼设施。
本发明的目的是这样实现的: 一种高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 包括鱼 池, 鱼池与包括一级沉淀池、 二级泡沫分离池、 人工湿地生物滤池、 集水池和 气管气石及杀菌设备的生态净化水系统组成一个独立的生产单元,鱼池通过池 底壁排水孔与一级沉淀池连通,一级沉淀池与二级泡沫分离池连通,二级泡沫 分离池通过底壁出水孔与人工湿地生物滤池连通 ,人工湿地生物滤池中设有集 水槽, 集水槽通过环周回水沟和溢流孔与集水池连通, 集水池中设有气管气石 及杀菌设备, 集水池通过气管气石及杀菌设备和进水孔与鱼池连通,一级沉淀 池、 二级泡沫分离池和人工湿地生物滤池通过排污孔与沼气池连通。
一级沉淀池和二级泡沫分离池中填充有生物滤料。
人工湿地生物滤池中设置的集水槽底部由水泥隔板交叉高低排列成 T字 形, 水泥隔板上设有包括碳酸盐矿石、 塑料球、 纳米陶粒和聚苯烯纤维毛刷组 成的滤料, 集水槽内设有包括微生物、 水生动物和水生植物组成的人工湿地。
鱼池与包括一级沉淀池、 二级泡沫分离池、 人工湿地生物滤池、 集水池和 气管气石及杀菌设备的生态净化水系统一体化, 并处于静态水位同一水平面 上, 由气泵使养殖廈水经池底壁排水孔注入一级沉淀池、再流入二级泡沫分离 滤池, 然后由底壁出水孔流入人工湿地生物滤池经沉淀、 微生物降解、 水生动 物和水生植物吸收有毒有害物质净化处理后再流入集水池再经气管气石及杀 菌设备消毒、 杀菌、 曝气、 增氧后经进水孔进入鱼池, 周而复始循环使用。
所述的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 利用地热、 沼气和太阳能等再生能 源调控鱼池和人工湿地生物滤池水温, 使温度全年控制在 13-26 °C范围内。
所述的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 其独立生产单元为庭院型, 可单独 建设, 也可多组串联并联为产业规模型。
本发明提供的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 采用无管道连接和无进、排 水渠的模块化设计, 其结构紧凑合理, 消除了地下管道堵塞隐患, 便于维护管 理。 节省了渠道占地面积, 提高利用率, 降低工程造价, 更适合于民宅庭院养 鱼。 净化水系统采用一级沉淀, 二级泡沫分离, 人工湿地生物过滤(微生物、 水生植物、 水生动物)净化连成整体, 优化了人工湿地滤池的水体流向, 延长 了循环水在池中停留时间,增强微生物降解和水生动物、 水生植物吸收有毒有 害物质的功效。 整体设施(单元)仅采用一台气泵为循环水全程动力及一台杀 菌设备, 并利用气管、 气石曝气、 增氧提水功能, 加快水体循环, 日交换量达 60次以上, 实现节水、 节能、 节地、 节省饲料、 节省劳力、 环保高效, 净化空 气, 美化环境, 实现养鱼廈水残渣资源化利用, 达到零排放。 附图说明 图 1是本发明平面布置示意图
图 2是本发明水处理池、 人工湿地生物滤池剖面示意图
图 3是本发明产业规模型平面布局示意图
图 4是本发明民宅庭院式剖面图
图 5是本发明循环水的流程图 具体实施方式
为了能够使得本领域的技术人员能够更好地理解本发明所提供的技术方 案, 下面结合具体的实施方式加以说明。
一种高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 包括鱼池 1 , 鱼池 1与包括一级沉淀池
4、 二级泡沫分离池 5、 人工湿地生物滤池 7、 集水池 11和气管气石及杀菌设备 12的生态净化水系统组成一个独立的生产单元 ,鱼池 1通过池底壁排水孔 2与一 级沉淀池 4连通, 一级沉淀池 4与二级泡沫分离池 5连通, 二级泡沫分离池 5通过 底壁出水孔 6与人工湿地生物滤池 7连通, 人工湿地生物滤池 7中设有集水槽 9 , 集水槽 9通过环周回水沟 8和溢流孔 10与集水池 11连通,集水池 11中设有气管气 石及杀菌设备 12 , 集水池 11通过气管气石及杀菌设备 12和进水孔 1 3与鱼池 1连 通, 一级沉淀池 4、 二级泡沫分离池 5和人工湿地生物滤池 7通过排污孔 17与沼 气池 18连通。
一级沉淀池 4和二级泡沫分离池 5中填充有生物滤料。
人工湿地生物滤池 7中设置的集水槽 9底部由水泥隔板 16交叉高低排列成 T 字形, 水泥隔板 16上设有包括碳酸盐矿石、 塑料球、 纳米陶粒和聚苯烯纤维毛 刷组成的滤料 14 , 集水槽 9内设有包括微生物、 水生动物和水生植物组成的人 工湿地 15。
鱼池 1与包括一级沉淀池 4、 二级泡沫分离池 5、 人工湿地生物滤池 7、 集水 池 11和气管气石及杀菌设备 12的生态净化水系统一体化,并处于静态水位同一 水平面上, 由气泵使养殖廈水经池底壁排水孔 2注入一级沉淀池 4、再流入二级 泡沫分离滤池 5 , 然后由底壁出水孔 6流入人工湿地生物滤池 7经沉淀、 微生物 降解、水生动物和水生植物吸收有毒有害物质净化处理后再流入集水池 11再经 气管气石及杀菌设备 12消毒、 杀菌、 曝气、 增氧后经进水孔 1 3进入鱼池 1 , 周 而复始循环使用。
所述的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 利用地热、 沼气和太阳能等再生能 源调控鱼池 1和人工湿地生物滤池 7水温, 使温度全年控制在 1 3-26 °C范围内。
所述的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 其独立生产单元为庭院型, 可单独 建设, 也可多组串联并联为产业规模型。
实施例一:
1、 厂房: 可采用塑料大棚, 也可砖混结构, 屋顶分成透光区 (水处理池 上面)和遮光区 (鱼池 1上面) 两个部分修建而成, 在庭院型建设中, 可将住 房 22建设在鱼池 1上作为遮光区。
1、 鱼池: 其深度 2m, 由池底壁排水孔 2与一级沉淀池 4相连通, 鱼池 1水表 层泡沫由池表壁出水孔 3汇集入二级泡沫分离池 5 , 鱼池 1一边设有一排进水孔 1 3。
3、 多功能水处理池: 呈长条形, 是由一级沉淀池 4、 二级泡沫分离池 5和 集水池 11组合而成。 一级沉淀池 4沉积于池底的残渣污物, 直排沼气池 18。 经 初级处理的池水溢入二级泡沫分离池 5。鱼池 1表层夹带泡沫水经池表壁出水孔 3流入二级泡沫分离池 5通过筛网进行泡沫分离, 再由底壁出水孔 6流入人工湿 地生物滤池 7。
4、 人工湿地生物滤池: 在其内设有集水槽 9 , 集水槽 9底部架设水泥隔板 16 , 成 T 字形高低交叉排列, 其上铺有包括碳酸盐矿石、 塑料球、 纳米陶粒和 聚苯烯纤维毛刷组成的滤料 14 , 由底壁出水孔 6进入的水, 自下而上通过滤料 中附着的微生物降解水中的氨氮和亚硝酸氮, 再溢入集水槽 9 , 经槽中人工湿 地 15的水生动物、 植物吸收硝酸氮、 磷酸盐及其它有毒有害物质。 经净化处理 后的清水流入环周回水沟 8 , 经溢流孔 1 0汇合于集水池 11 , 然后由池中气管气 石及杀菌设备 12消毒、 曝气增氧, 将净化的消毒水平位低水头、 大流量、 快速 推入鱼池, 周而复始循环利用。其池底沉积的残渣污物由排污孔 17排入沼气池 18。
5、 高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 由鱼池 1与包括一级沉淀池 4、 二级泡 沫分离池 5、 人工湿地生物滤池 7、 集水池 11和气管气石及杀菌设备 12的生态净 化水系统一体化组成一个独立生产单元, 每个单元用一台气泵和一台杀菌设 备, 可使鱼池循环水日交换量达 60次以上。 整个设施采用一级、 二级、 三级水 处理拉长了流程, 并通过自下而上、 自上而下改换水处理池水流向, 使整池水 形成环状上升的旋流,延长了循环水在处理池中停留时间,使池水中生物膜载 体(滤材)、 微生物和池表水生动物、 植物吸收及降解更彻底, 从而提高了水 处理的效果。
6、 本发明利用地热、 沼气和太阳能等可再生能源来调控鱼池水温。 将设 施建在地平线 19以下可保温, 地热水(井水)常年为 18 °C , 冬天架设阳光棚 20 利用太阳能升温、 夏天抽取井水降温, 使鱼池水温全年控制在 1 3-26 °C的范围 内, 使养鱼车间或养鱼民宅室内气温全年控制在 1 3-26 °C范围内。
7、 本发明的独立生产单元设施为庭院式, 适合民宅房前屋后筑池养鱼。 还可用新建民宅室内地下筑池养鱼,楼上居住; 室外包括楼房顶层阳光区建人 工湿地 15种植水生植物 21。 若串联和并联则组合成产业规模型养鱼工厂。
实施例二:
按照本发明的设计要求, 修建养鱼设施, 进行了商品鲟养殖试验, 具体如 下:
1、 设施修建和器材、 设备安装
1. 1鱼池 1 : 呈正八角形, 长宽均为 11米, 深 2m, 面积 120m2 , 体积 240m3, 由二个等同鱼池和一个水处理池组建而成。
1. 2多功能水处理池: 呈长条形, 分隔成三个小池, 一级沉淀池 2 2 3m 面积 4 m2 , 体积 12m3; 二级泡沫分离池 3. 5 χ 2 χ 3m, 面积 7 m2 , 体积 21m3; 集水 池 5. 5 χ 2 χ 3m, 面积 11 m2 , 体积 33m3
1. 3人工湿地生物滤池 7 : 呈正方形, 长宽均 11m, 深 3m, 面积 121 m2 , 体积 363m3 0 在池深安装水泥隔板, 安放矿石等滤料; 池顶部修集水槽 9和环周回水 沟 8 , 槽中栽培水生植物 21。
1. 4在集水池 11中安装气管、 气石, 由一台气泵供气供循环水全程动力; 并安装紫外线杀菌消毒机一台, 作池水应急消毒用。
2.鲟鱼种放养
2. 1苗种来源: 系宜昌天峡鲟业公司繁育的杂交鲟鱼种。
2. 2放养规格: 投放体长 15_22cm, 体重 20_50g的大规格鱼种。 2. 3放养密度和数量: 每 m3放养 50尾, 两池共放养 24000尾, 总重 720kg。
3.饲养管理
3. 1 投饲
3. 1. 1饲料来源:为宜昌天峡鲟业公司饲料厂生产的天峡牌 e 6-8匪鲟鱼成 料, 其营养成分含量如下:
水分 12. 5%,粗蛋白 > 12% , 粗灰分 15% , 组纤维 4. 5%。
3. 1. 2投喂次数和数量: 日投喂量按池鱼总重 1. 5-2. 5 ; 每日 3-4次, 每餐 分 4次投喂。
3. 2曰常管理
3. 2. 1加注新水: 每天补充池水总量 2-3%的深井水。
3. 2. 2水质监控: 每天测定水温、 溶解氧、 PH; 每 1-2天测定 NH4+、 N02—、 N03" 和 P04 3—等项目; 定期抽检 C0D、 BOD , H2S、 碱度、 硬度等水质指标。
3. 2. 3每天检查鱼的摄食活动及水质变动情况,采取相应措施增减投喂量, 排污或加注新水, 预防疾病等, 并每天做好养殖日志。
3. 2. 4每隔 15-30天进行池鱼抽样检查, 按增重情况调整日投饵量。
3. 2. 5病害防治
3. 2. 5. 1鱼种在放养前需用 2-3%食盐水浸泡消毒 10-15min。
3. 2. 5. 2饲养工具和走道定期用 l OOppm二氧化氯杀菌消毒。
3. 2. 5. 3每隔 15-20天对鱼池泼洒微生态制剂: 如光合细菌, 芽孢杆菌、 硝 化菌等,按池水水质监控情况灵活掌握。 并定期投喂中药鱼饵或常用药物防治 鱼病。
4.试验结果
4. 1水质调控: 试验期间各项指标测定分析结果, 其水温保持在 14-26 °C适 温, 溶解氧 6- 7mg/L、 PH7. 8- 8. 3、 NH/-N0. 118-0. 45mg/L , N02— NO. 43- Q. lmg/L、 NO N4. 43- 24. 5mg/L、 PO4 3_P0. 28- 3. 4mg/L , 其余各项指标均符合 GB11607和 NY5051水质标准。
4. 2商品鲟产量, 自 2007年 3月 1日至 10月 26日, 经 230天饲养商品鲟 22800 尾, 总重 28854kg , 平均 1. 2kg/尾, 成活率 95% , 产量 60. l lkg/m2
4. 3饲料投喂量: 共投喂鲟成料 33688kg , 饵料系数 1. 2。 4. 4能耗(水、 电): 1. 28元 /kg鱼。 以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通 技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下, 还可以做出若干改进和润饰, 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 包括鱼池, 其特征在于: 鱼池与 包括一级沉淀池、 二级泡沫分离池、 人工湿地生物滤池、 集水池和气管气石及 杀菌设备的生态净化水系统组成一个独立的生产单元,鱼池通过池底壁排水孔 与一级沉淀池连通,一级沉淀池与二级泡沫分离池连通, 二级泡沫分离池通过 底壁出水孔与人工湿地生物滤池连通,人工湿地生物滤池中设有集水槽, 集水 槽通过环周回水沟和溢流孔与集水池连通, 集水池中设有气管气石及杀菌设 备, 集水池通过气管气石及杀菌设备和进水孔与鱼池连通, 一级沉淀池、 二级 泡沫分离池和人工湿地生物滤池通过排污孔与沼气池连通。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 其特征在于: 一 级沉淀池和二级泡沫分离池中填充有生物滤料。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 其特征在于: 人 工湿地生物滤池中设置的集水槽底部由水泥隔板交叉高低排列成 T字形, 水泥 隔板上设有包括碳酸盐矿石、塑料球、纳米陶粒和聚苯烯纤维毛刷组成的滤料, 集水槽内设有包括微生物、 水生动物和水生植物组成的人工湿地。
4、根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 其特征在 于: 鱼池与包括一级沉淀池、 二级泡沫分离池、 人工湿地生物滤池、 集水池和 气管气石及杀菌设备的生态净化水系统一体化, 并处于静态水位同一水平面 上, 由气泵使养殖廈水经池底壁排水孔注入一级沉淀池、再流入二级泡沫分离 滤池, 然后由底壁出水孔流入人工湿地生物滤池经沉淀、 微生物降解、 水生动 物和水生植物吸收有毒有害物质净化处理后再流入集水池再经气管气石及杀 菌设备消毒、 杀菌、 曝气、 增氧后经进水孔进入鱼池, 周而复始循环使用。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 其特征在于: 利 用地热、 沼气和太阳能等再生能源调控鱼池和人工湿地生物滤池水温,使温度 全年控制在 1 3 ~ 26 °C范围内。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的高效生态净化循环水养鱼设施, 其特征在于: 其 独立生产单元为庭院型, 可单独建设, 也可多组串联并联为产业规模型。
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