CN104326630A - 循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统及其养殖方法 - Google Patents
循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统及其养殖方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104326630A CN104326630A CN201410614429.XA CN201410614429A CN104326630A CN 104326630 A CN104326630 A CN 104326630A CN 201410614429 A CN201410614429 A CN 201410614429A CN 104326630 A CN104326630 A CN 104326630A
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- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/08—Aerobic processes using moving contact bodies
- C02F3/082—Rotating biological contactors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
本发明涉及一种循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统及其养殖方法，循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统，包括饲养池及与饲养池连通的循环水处理系统，所述循环水处理系统包括：与饲养池连通的沉淀池；与沉淀池连通的积污池；与沉淀池连通的生态精滤池；与生态精滤池连通的多功能泡沫分离泵；与多功能泡沫分离泵连通的生物转盘；一端与生物转盘连通，另一端与饲养池连通的人工湿地池；循环水养殖水产品的养殖方法，包括将水产品放置在饲养池中饲养的步骤以及循环水处理的步骤。本发明循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统及其养殖方法具有结构简单、成本低、适用于小型化、能够去除有害有机物并且平衡酸碱度的优点。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及水产品养殖领域，尤其是一种循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统及其养殖方法。
背景技术
[0002]目前循环水养殖是解决养殖废水污染、减少与农林争地的好方法，但是设备庞大复杂、投入过高、运行成本高、技术要求高、经济效率低等问题致使循环水养殖在国内未得到很好的发展，尤其是适应我们国情的小型化成套装置还未成型，循环水养殖水产品过程中会产生大量的有害有机物和无机物，并且造成水体酸碱不平衡，影响水质，不利于水产品的养殖。
发明内容
[0003] 本发明的第一个目的是提供一种结构简单、成本低、适用于小型化、能够去除有害有机物和无机物并且平衡酸碱度的循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统。
[0004] 本发明的第二个目的是提供一种利用循环水养殖水产品的养殖方法。
[0005] 为实现上述第一个发明目的，循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统包括饲养池及与饲养池连通的循环水处理系统，所述循环水处理系统包括:与饲养池连通的沉淀池；与沉淀池连通的积污池；与沉淀池连通的生态精滤池；与生态精滤池连通的多功能泡沫分离泵；与多功能泡沫分离泵连通的生物转盘；一端与生物转盘连通，另一端与饲养池连通的人工湿地池。
[0006] 作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述生态精滤池池底覆盖海沙，所述海沙内放殖贝类，海沙上养殖海参，所述生态精滤池中种植沉水植物，所述沉水植物为大叶藻、江蓠菜、狸藻和小茨藻中的一种或者多种，水中吊放珍珠贝吊笼。
[0007] 作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述多功能泡沫分离泵由分离有机物的泡沫分离器和提升液体水位的气举涡轮泵组成，所述气举涡轮泵通过端法兰固定在泡沫分离泵内，所述气举涡轮泵的叶轮设置在泡沫分离器的气液进入口处。
[0008] 作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述生物转盘由水槽和部分浸没于水中的旋转盘体组成，所述旋转盘体表面覆盖一层微生物膜。
[0009] 作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述生物转盘采用三联体布局，第一级生物转盘由多功能泡沫分离泵提供的液位差实现转动，皮带或链条带动第二和第三级生物转盘从动。
[0010] 作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述人工湿地池的池水中布放吊刷，水面布放由活性炭、蛭石充填的筐笼，筐笼内种植挺水植物。
[0011] 作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述挺水植物为耐盐花卉、蒲草、荸荠、莲、水疗、蔬菜和荷花中的一种或者多种。
[0012] 作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述多功能泡沫分离泵和/或生物转盘分别与积污池连通。
[0013] 作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述积污池分别与有机肥料池和循环污水处理池连通，所述循环污水处理池还与沉淀池连通。
[0014] 为实现上述第二个发明目的，循环水养殖水产品的养殖方法，包括将水产品放置在饲养池中饲养的步骤以及循环水处理的步骤，所述循环水处理包括如下步骤:将由饲养池流入到沉淀池中的饲养水进行沉淀的步骤；对经沉淀后流入到生态精滤池的饲养水通过引入滤食性贝螺类过滤悬浮有机物以及藻类的步骤；通过多功能泡沫分离泵实现对饲养水进行有机物质分离和为生物转盘提升水位的步骤；通过生物转盘转换和去除饲养中的无机盐及有机物以实现净化饲养水的步骤；将经过人工湿地池内的挺水植物吸收无机盐实现酸碱平衡的饲养水流入到饲养池饲养的步骤；将经过多功能泡沫分离泵和生物转盘过滤的饲养水流入到积污池进行分离处理的步骤；将积污池处理后的固体排放到有机肥料池的步骤；将积污池处理后的液体排放到循环污水处理池的步骤；以及将经过循环污水处理池处理后的饲养水排放到沉淀池的步骤。
[0015] 所述循环水养殖水产品的养殖方法适用于海水、半咸水、淡水养殖水产品。
[0016] 综上所述，本发明由饲养池及与饲养池连通的循环水处理系统组成了一个循环的水产品养殖系统，由分离有机物的泡沫分离器和提升液体水位的气举涡轮泵组成的多功能泡沫分离泵实现了充氧、部分有机物的分离和水位提升三个功能，减少了大型设备的使用量，使得循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统结构更加简单。三联体布局并且不停转动的生物转盘表面覆盖的微生物膜反复地摄取循环水中的有机污染物作为营养，不断的去除水中的有机污染物，使循环水获得净化。由于人工湿地池的池水中布放吊刷，水面布放由活性炭、蛭石充填的筐笼，筐笼内种植挺水植物，使得活性炭吸附溶解在水中的无机盐如硝态氮、磷酸盐、钾盐等，降低了循环水中无机盐的浓度，保障了水产品的生活环境，同时为绿色植物的生长富集了营养原料，蛭石的物理化学特性使其广泛的生产过程中用作吸附剂、助滤剂，具有较强的离子交换能力，能够调节水中营养盐的平衡，并提高循环水的过滤性。利用生态精滤池中的食腐性的底栖生物如海参等清除水体环境中沉底的有机物及旺发的底栖藻类，使用滤食性贝类及吊放珍珠贝控制水中悬浮有机物和浮游植物的旺发，池底种植沉水植物和在水面漂浮载体上种植的挺水植物利用绿色植物的光合作用吸收水中水产品生长代谢过程中产生的水溶性的无机盐，净化水体环境，利于水产品生长。采用本发明循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统和养殖方法减少了设备的使用量，系统结构更加简单，适用于小型化，使用更加便捷，利用生态方法过滤有害的有机物和无机物，不仅环保而且成本低，而且平衡了循环水的酸碱度。
附图说明
[0017] 图1为循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统结构示意图。
[0018] 图2为循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统流程图。
[0019] 图3为多功能泡沫分离泵结构示意图。
[0020] 图4为生物转盘结构示意图。
[0021] 饲养池1、沉淀池2、生态精滤池3、生物转盘4、人工湿地池5、积污池6、多功能泡沫分离泵7、有机肥料池8、循环污水处理池9、泡沫分离器10、气举涡轮泵11、法兰12、叶轮13、气液进入口 14、第一级生物转盘15、第二级生物转盘16、第三级生物转盘17、微生物薄膜18、水槽19。
具体实施方式
[0022] 下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
[0023] 如图1至图4所示，循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统包括饲养池I及与饲养池I连通的循环水处理系统，所述循环水处理系统包括:与饲养池I连通的沉淀池2 ;与沉淀池2连通的积污池6 ;与沉淀池2连通的生态精滤池3 ;与人工湿地池5连通的多功能泡沫分离泵7 ;与多功能泡沫分离泵7连通的生物转盘4 ;一端与生物转盘4连通，另一端与饲养池I连通的人工湿地池5。
[0024] 人工湿地池5的池水中布放吊刷，水面布放由活性炭、蛭石充填的筐笼，筐笼内种植挺水植物。所述挺水植物为耐盐花卉、蒲草、荸荠、莲、水芹、蔬菜和荷花中的一种或者多种。挺水植物利用绿色植物的光合作用吸收水中水产品生长代谢过程中产生的水溶性的无机盐净化了循环水，平衡了循环水的酸碱度，与此同时，还实现了农业生态化养殖。
[0025] 所述多功能泡沫分离泵7由分离有机物的泡沫分离器10和提升液体水位的气举涡轮泵11组成，所述气举涡轮泵11通过法兰12固定在泡沫分离器10内，所述气举涡轮泵11的叶轮13设置在泡沫分离器10的气液进入口处14。多功能泡沫分离泵7增加了气体与液体的混合时间，提高气体在液体中的溶解度，实现水中部分有机污染物的分离，并且为生物转盘4的转动提供了动力，实现了一泵多能，节省了设备空间，节约了动力，降低了使用成本，提高了经济效益。
[0026] 所述生物转盘4由水槽19和部分浸没于水中的旋转盘体组成，所述旋转盘体表面覆盖一层微生物膜18。微生物膜18反复地摄取循环水中的有机污染物作为营养，不断的去除水中的有机污染物使循环水获得净化，同时将水体中的养殖对象新陈代谢的产物对养殖对象毒性大的无机盐实现无毒转换，如毒性较大的铵态氮转换为毒性较低且能为循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统中沉水植物、挺水植物、藻类等绿色植物光合作用吸收的硝态氮。
[0027] 所述生物转盘4采用三联体布局，第一级生物转盘15由多功能泡沫分离泵提供的液位差实现转动，皮带或链条带动第二生物转盘16和第三级生物转盘17从动。
[0028] 所述生态精滤池3池底覆盖海沙，所述海沙内放殖贝类，海沙上养殖海参，水中吊放种植沉水植物的珍珠贝吊笼，所述沉水植物为大叶藻、江蓠菜、轮叶黑藻、狸藻和小茨藻中的一种或者多种。沉水植物在生长过程中会吸收水体中的氮、磷等营养物质，沉水植物的幼嫩部分还可供水生动物摄食，光合作用还会平衡了循环水的酸碱度，改善了整个循环水的生态系统。
[0029] 为了转化多功能泡沫分离泵7和生物转盘4排出的有害物质，所述多功能泡沫分离泵7和/或生物转盘4分别与积污池6连通，使得有害物质在积污池6内沉淀。
[0030] 为了实现对积污池6内的有害物质以及循环水的再利用，所述积污池6分别与有机肥料池8和循环污水处理池9连通，将流入到有机肥料池8的有机物等有害物质投入到生产生活中，所述循环污水处理池9还与沉淀池2连通，使得循环水流入到沉淀池2再一次进入循环水处理系统，形成多次封闭的循环系统。
[0031] 循环水养殖水产品的养殖方法，包括将水产品放置在饲养池I中饲养的步骤以及循环水处理的步骤，所述循环水处理包括如下步骤:将由饲养池I流入到沉淀池2中的饲养水进行沉淀的步骤；对经沉淀后流入到生态精滤池3的饲养水过滤以及平衡饲养水酸碱度的步骤；通过多功能泡沫分离泵7实现对饲养水进行有机物质分离和为生物转盘4提升水位的步骤；通过生物转盘4去除饲养中的有害有机物和无机物以实现净化饲养水的步骤；利用生态精滤池3去除悬浮有机物；将经过人工湿地池5内的挺水植物吸收无机盐实现酸碱平衡的饲养水流入到饲养池I饲养的步骤；将经过多功能泡沫分离泵7和生物转盘4过滤的饲养水流入到积污池6进行分离处理的步骤；将积污池6处理后的固体排放到有机肥料池8的步骤；将积污池6处理后的液体排放到循环污水处理池9的步骤；以及将经过循环污水处理池9处理后的饲养水排放到沉淀池2的步骤。
[0032] 上面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明，但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下做出的各种变化均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统,包括饲养池及与饲养池连通的循环水处理系统，其特征在于，所述循环水处理系统包括:与饲养池连通的沉淀池；与沉淀池连通的积污池；与沉淀池连通的生态精滤池；与生态精滤池连通的多功能泡沫分离泵；与多功能泡沫分离泵连通的生物转盘；一端与生物转盘连通，另一端与饲养池连通的人工湿地池。
2.根据权利要求1所述的循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统，其特征在于，所述生态精滤池池底覆盖海沙，所述海沙内放殖贝类，海沙上养殖海参，所述生态精滤池中种植沉水植物，所述沉水植物为大叶藻、江蓠菜、狸藻和小茨藻中的一种或者多种，水中吊放珍珠贝吊 ο
3.根据权利要求1所述的循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统，其特征在于，多功能泡沫分离泵由分离有机物的泡沫分离器和提升液体水位的气举涡轮泵组成，所述气举涡轮泵通过端法兰固定在泡沫分离泵内，所述气举涡轮泵的叶轮设置在泡沫分离器的气液进入口处。
4.根据权利要求1所述的循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统，其特征在于，所述生物转盘由水槽和部分浸没于水中的旋转盘体组成，所述旋转盘表面覆盖一层微生物膜。
5.根据权利要求4所述的循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统，其特征在于，所述生物转盘采用三联体布局，第一级生物转盘由多功能泡沫分离泵提供的液位差实现转动，皮带或链条带动第二和第三级生物转盘从动。
6.根据权利要求1所述的循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统，其特征在于，人工湿地池的池水中布放吊刷，水面布放由活性炭、蛭石充填的筐笼，筐笼内种植挺水植物，所述挺水植物为耐盐花卉、蒲草、荸荠、莲、水芹、蔬菜和荷花中的一种或者多种。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任意一项权利要求所述的循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统，其特征在于，多功能泡沫分离泵和/或生物转盘分别与积污池连通。
8.根据权利要求1至6中任意一项权利要求所述的循环水养殖水产品的养殖系统，其特征在于，所述积污池分别与有机肥料池和循环污水处理池连通，所述循环污水处理池还与沉淀池连通。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任意一项权利要求所述的循环水养殖水产品的养殖方法，其特征在于，包括将水产品放置在饲养池中饲养的步骤以及循环水处理的步骤，所述循环水处理包括如下步骤:将由饲养池流入到沉淀池中的饲养水进行沉淀的步骤；对经沉淀后流入到人生态精滤池的饲养水精滤的步骤；通过多功能泡沫分离泵实现对饲养水进行有机物质分离和为生物转盘提升水位的步骤；通过生物转盘去除饲养中的有机物和无机物以实现净化饲养水的步骤；利用人工湿地池去除有机物及平衡饲养水酸碱度的步骤；将经过人工湿地池处理过的饲养水流入到饲养池饲养的步骤；将经过多功能泡沫分离泵和生物转盘过滤的饲养水流入到积污池进行分离处理的步骤；将积污池处理后的固体排放到有机肥料池的步骤；将积污池处理后的液体排放到循环污水处理池的步骤；以及将经过循环污水处理池处理后的饲养水排放到沉淀池的步骤。
10.根据权利要求9所述的循环水养殖水产品的养殖方法，其特征在于，所述循环水养殖水产品的养殖方法适用于海水、半咸水、淡水养殖水产品。
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