WO2010069169A1 - 单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法 - Google Patents

单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010069169A1
WO2010069169A1 PCT/CN2009/071754 CN2009071754W WO2010069169A1 WO 2010069169 A1 WO2010069169 A1 WO 2010069169A1 CN 2009071754 W CN2009071754 W CN 2009071754W WO 2010069169 A1 WO2010069169 A1 WO 2010069169A1
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Prior art keywords
sensor
optical
image
mirror
signals
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PCT/CN2009/071754
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李炜
夏登海
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深圳市掌网立体时代视讯技术有限公司
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Priority claimed from CNA2008101858993A external-priority patent/CN101482693A/zh
Application filed by 深圳市掌网立体时代视讯技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市掌网立体时代视讯技术有限公司
Priority to EP09832851.1A priority Critical patent/EP2381305A4/en
Publication of WO2010069169A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010069169A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/08Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous recording
    • G03B35/10Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous recording having single camera with stereoscopic-base-defining system
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20Image signal generators
    • H04N13/204Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
    • H04N13/207Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using a single 2D image sensor
    • H04N13/218Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using a single 2D image sensor using spatial multiplexing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stereoscopic image capturing technique, and more particularly to a single sensor side-by-side stereoscopic image capturing method, and to a stereoscopic image capturing device that implements the above method.
  • the human eye can produce a stereoscopic effect on the scene according to the visual difference between the left and right eyes. Therefore, the general stereo camera uses a dual camera lens to image and process the scene. But the problems brought about by this are very prominent: mainly reflected in
  • the dual lens may not be completely consistent in focusing performance, which may result in different clarity of the left and right video images, which may result in blurred image imaging.
  • the two lenses cannot guarantee the consistency of the image in the alignment.
  • the image can not guarantee the horizontal and tilt consistency in the viewing angle.
  • the image will produce a blur.
  • the difference in consistency between the two image sensors leads to inconsistencies in image brightness, contrast, chromaticity, and gray scale.
  • the left and right images show significant visual differences, and the stereoscopic coincidence of images may cause visual dizziness and blurred images.
  • the present invention uses a precision optical imaging structure to ensure uniformity on the optical path, and uses the same image sensor to accept two images, ensuring that the electrical properties of the image are completely consistent.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a single sensor side-by-side stereo image capturing method with good image consistency in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a stereoscopic image capturing apparatus that realizes the above method in order to solve the above-described deficiencies of the prior art.
  • a single-sensor side-by-side stereo image capturing method comprising the following steps: (1) Passing the scene light to be photographed through two groups of axial distances of 57 to 65 mm The optical imaging lens group is focused; (2) two sets of visually poor optical signals obtained by focusing are respectively reflected by the first mirror and the second mirror; (3) the left and right optical signals are respectively respectively The optical path direction conversion component that rotates the optical signal by 90 degrees in the same direction; (4) then rotates the two sets of optical signals 90 Degree set of 4: 3 single
  • Imaging on a CCD or CMOS sensor Imaging on a CCD or CMOS sensor; (5) Image signals imaged by a single CCD or CMOS sensor are image processed and stored.
  • the optical path direction converting component is a prism group.
  • the above-mentioned single-sensor side-by-side stereo image capturing method is to respectively image two optical signals on two sides of a single CCD or CMOS sensor with a central axis symmetrically, forming two parallel rows. Image; vacancy in the width direction of a single image with 5% of the image width.
  • a single sensor side-by-side stereo image capturing apparatus comprising a single CCD or CMOS sensor, and the sensor is coupled to an image processor, wherein the sensor is a 4:3 universal format, the sensor Deviated from the normal installation position by 90
  • a set of optical imaging lens groups having an axial distance of 57 to 65 mm at the front of the sensor, and a first mirror, a second mirror and an optical path direction conversion component are disposed on the inner side of each set of optical imaging lens groups.
  • the two optical signals with visual difference are respectively projected on the left and right sides of the sensor through the optical imaging lens group, the first mirror, the second mirror, and the optical path direction conversion component, respectively.
  • the optical path direction converting means is a prism group.
  • the image sensor uses the ordinary 4:3 sensor, and the two 16:9 complete left and right images obtained are simple in post-processing technology, which reduces the development cost of the product, and is also conducive to the promotion of stereoscopic video products.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of sensors in the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an image processing circuit of the present invention.
  • sensor 1 optical imaging lens group 2, first mirror 3, second mirror 4, optical path direction switching component 5, image processor 6.
  • a specific embodiment of a single-sensor side-by-side stereoscopic image capturing apparatus includes a CCD or CMOS sensor 1, and a sensor 1 is connected to an image processor 6, a sensor 1
  • the senor 1 is disposed at an angle of 90 degrees from the normal mounting position; two sets of optical imaging lens groups 2 having an axial distance of 57 to 65 mm are provided at the front of the sensor 1, and the inner side of each set of optical imaging lens groups 2 is provided.
  • the optical path direction conversion component 5 can use the prism group, and the left and right prism groups can respectively rotate the two optical signals by 90 degrees.
  • the present invention utilizes 4:3 in a conventional 4:3 standard format CCD or CMOS.
  • the sensor 1 of 3 obtains a stereoscopic image of 16:9.
  • the left and right dual optical paths directly project the upper and lower superimposed images on the sensor 1, which is quite difficult in optical design. Therefore, the structure is complicated and is not easy to implement; therefore, the simplified structure of the present invention rotates the image sensor 1 by 90 degrees toward the reverse tweezer, and the image formed by each optical path is also rotated 90 degrees by the reverse rotation of the prism by the prism or the like.
  • the image formed by the left and right optical paths is rotated by 90
  • the image in order to ensure that the imaging does not produce crossover, the image is selected as shown in the figure above to take MxN.
  • the image leaves a 5% interval D in the width direction close to the width of the image.
  • the stereoscopic image capturing method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the optical path direction conversion component (prism group).
  • the 4:3 single CCD or CMOS sensor is set to form the left and right images.
  • the image reading circuit performs image reading according to a certain frame frequency; the read image data includes two images formed by the same frame, and then passes through the left and right frame buffers (FIFO).
  • the left and right picture data are separated; the separated picture is a full frame image obtained by two peers.
  • the SIDE BY can be directly generated.
  • SIDE images can also generate images in FRAME BY FRAME, FIELD BY FIELD, LINE BY ELINE, DOT BY DOT, etc.
  • the image After the image is formatted according to the requirements, it enters the encoder, where the audio and video are synchronously compressed and encoded; the encoded data is stored in the memory; if you want to view the already stored image, you need to recall it from the memory. The data is then decoded and sent to the relevant code and drive for output to an external display, or viewed with a binocular or single stereo display that comes with the camera.
  • the present invention adds an audio and video switch, which functions as: Image is outputted by the image format processor after being separated SIDE BY
  • the present invention can obtain a complete picture without delay in the left and right pictures. Compared with other modes, the left and right of the present invention have no delay, and the picture video format changes frequently, and the picture is changed. Element The quality is uniform and so on.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)

Description

单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法
#細或
[1] 本发明涉及立体图像拍摄技术, 更具体地说, 它涉及一种单传感器并列式立体 图像拍摄方法, 本发明还涉及实现上述方法的立体图像拍摄装置。
[2] 人眼根据左右眼的视觉差异可以对所见景物产生立体感觉, 所以一般的立体摄 像设备都是利用双摄像镜头来对景物进行成像然后处理。 但是这样带来的问题 很突出: 主要体现在
1、 双镜头在聚焦性能上不可能完全一致, 因而可能造成左、 右视频图像的清晰 度不相同, 最后导致图像成像模糊。
2、 双镜头在安装上无法保证图像在对位上一致, 导致图像在视角上无法保证水 平和倾斜一致性, 到吋两图像在立体重合吋出现偏差, 图像会产生模糊叠影。
3、 双图像传感器的一致性差异导致在图像亮度、 对比度、 色度、 灰阶上不一致 , 左右图像出现视觉明显差异, 图像立体重合吋会产生视觉晕眩、 图像模糊等 现象。 而本发明用精密光学成像结构来保证光路上的一致性, 用同一个图像传 感器来接受两路图像, 保证了图像成像的电性能完全一致。
[3] 本发明要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的上述不足, 提供一种图像一致性好 的单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法。
[4] 本发明为解决现有技术的上述不足还提供了一种实现上述方法的立体图像拍摄 装置。
[5] 本发明解决其技术问题所釆用的技术方案是: 一种单传感器并列式立体图像拍 摄方法, 包括以下步骤: (1) 使待拍摄的景物光线通过轴线距离 57〜65mm的 两组光学成像透镜组聚焦; (2) 使聚焦所获得的两组具有视觉差的光信号分别 经第一反射镜和第二反射镜两次反射; (3) 再使左、 右两组光信号分别经过使 光信号同向旋转 90度的光路方向转换组件; (4) 再使两组光信号在旋转 90 度设置的 4: 3的单个
CCD或 CMOS传感器上成像; (5) 单个 CCD或 CMOS传感器成像的图像信号经 图像处理后储存。
[6] 上述的单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法中, 所述的光路方向转换组件为棱镜 组。
[7] 上述的单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法, 步骤 (4) 中所述的成像是使两路 光信号分别成像在单个 CCD或 CMOS传感器以中心轴为对称的两边, 形成并列的 两幅图像; 单幅图像的宽度方向留有图像宽度 5%的空位。
[8] 为了更好地实现发明目的, 提供一种单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄装置, 包括 单个 CCD或 CMOS传感器, 传感器联结图像处理器, 其中, 所述的传感器为 4: 3 通用格式, 传感器以和正常安装位置相差 90
度角方向设置; 在传感器前部设有轴线距离 57〜65mm的两组光学成像透镜组, 每组光学成像透镜组的内侧均设有第一反射镜、 第二反射镜和光路方向转换组 件, 具有视觉差的两路光信号分别经光学成像透镜组、 第一反射镜、 第二反射 镜和光路方向转换组件后分别再投射在传感器的左右两侧成像。
[9] 上述的单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄装置中, 所述的光路方向转换组件为棱镜 组。
[10] 本发明与现有技术相比, 具有下述优点:
[11] (1) 釆用双路光学同吋成像, 左、 右图像的即吋釆集无延吋现象可以保证立 体成像效果。
[12] (2) 釆用单个 CCD/CMOS图像传感器, 可以保证左右图像在图像亮度、 对比 度、 色度、 灰阶上的一致性, 解决传统双传感器的上述技术指标一致性差的问 题。
[13] (3) 图像传感器使用普通的 4: 3传感器, 所获得的两个 16: 9完整的左右图像 在后期处理技术简单, 降低了产品的开发费用, 也利于立体视频产品的推广应 用。
[14]
國删 [15] 下面将结合附图及实施例对本实用新型作进一步说明, 附图中:
[16] 图 1是本发明装置的结构示意图;
[17] 图 2是本发明中传感器设置示意图;
[18] 图 3是本发明图像处理电路方框图。
[19] 图中: 传感器 1、 光学成像透镜组 2、 第一反射镜 3、 第二反射镜 4、 光路方向转 换组件 5、 图像处理器 6。
[20] 参阅图 1所示, 为本发明的单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄装置的具体实施例, 包括 CCD或 CMOS传感器 1, 传感器 1连接图像处理器 6, 传感器 1
釆用现有技术中 4: 3
通用格式, 传感器 1以和正常安装位置相差 90度角方向设置; 在传感器 1前部设 有轴线距离 57〜65mm的两组光学成像透镜组 2, 每组光学成像透镜组 2 的内侧均设有第一反射镜 3、 第二反射镜 4和光路方向转换组件 5, 具有视觉差的 两路光信号分别经光学成像透镜组 2、 第一反射镜 3、 第二反射镜 4和光路方向转 换组件 5后分别再投射在传感器 1的左右两侧成像, 光路方向转换组件 5可以釆用 棱镜组, 左、 右两组棱镜组可以分别将两路光信号逆吋针旋转 90度。
[21] 参阅图 2所示, 本发明由于釆用传统 4: 3标准格式的 CCD或 CMOS , 在利用 4:
3的传感器 1获得 16: 9的立体图像吋, 为充分利用传感器 1的像素阵列, 左、 右 双光路要在传感器 1上直接投射上、 下叠加的图像, 这在光学设计中有相当的难 度, 造成结构复杂, 也不易于实现; 所以, 本发明简化结构, 将图像传感器 1向 逆吋针旋转 90度, 同吋, 每个光路形成的图像利用棱镜等也逆吋针旋转 90度, 使左、 右两个光路形成的图像以旋转 90
度的方式落在双光路的中心的左、 右两侧, 图像成像在 CCD或 CMOS传感器 1 以中心轴为对称的两边, 形成并列的两幅图像 (SIDE BY
SIDE) , 为保证成像吋不产生交叉, 图像的选取则是按照上图所示取 MxN。 图 像在宽度方向上各留下接近占图像宽度的 5%间隔 D。
[22] 参阅图 1所示, 本发明的立体图像拍摄方法包括以下步骤:
[23] (1) 待拍摄的景物光线通过轴线距离 57〜65mm 两组光学成像透镜组聚焦, 形成具有视觉差的左、 右两组光信号。
[24] (2) 聚焦所获得的两组具有视觉差的光信号分别经第一反射镜和第二反射镜 两次反射。
[25] (3) 左、 右两组光信号分别经过使光信号逆吋针旋转 90
的光路方向转换组件 (棱镜组) 。
[26] (4) 两组光信号投射在按逆吋针旋转 90
度设置的 4: 3的单个 CCD或 CMOS传感器上, 形成左、 右两组图像。
[27] (5) 单个 CCD或 CMOS传感器的左、 右两组图像信号经图像处理后存储。
[28] 参阅图 3
所示, 本发明的图像成像后, 由数据读取电路按照一定的帧频率进行图像读取 ; 读取的图像数据包含两幅同吋形成的图像, 然后经过左右两个帧缓存 (FIFO ) 将左、 右画面数据分离; 分离后的图像为两幅同吋取得的全帧图像, 该图像 数据进入图像格式处理电路后, 可以直接生成 SIDE BY
SIDE图像, 也可以生成 FRAME BY FRAME, FIELD BY FIELD, LINE BY ELINE, DOT BY DOT等等格式图像。
[29] 在图像按照要求进行格式变换后进入到编码器, 音视频在这里进行同步压缩编 码处理; 编码后的数据进入存储器保存下来; 如果要观看已经储存的图像, 则 需要从存储器中调出数据, 再经过解码然后送到相关的编码及驱动后, 用于输 出到外部显示器, 或者用机内自带的双目或单立体显示屏进行观看。
[30] 参阅图 3所示, 本发明增加了一个音视频切换开关, 其作用是: 图像在经过分 离后由图像格式处理器输出 SIDE BY
SIDE信号; 当摄像设备在摄制过程中并且需要监视摄录画面吋, 这个信号将通 过音视频切换开关直接送到机内单目或单立体显示屏进行显示, 音频也同吋切 换到实吋音频; 这样在监视画面吋, 画面与实际景物的动作延吋较小, 便于及 吋监控, 可基本实现直通功能。 当回放已经录制的节目吋, 音视频切换开关将 信号切换到解码器输出端, 这样就可以欣赏到录制好的片段了。
[31] 当拍摄立体图片吋, 本发明可以得到左、 右画面无延吋的完整画面, 相比较其 他方式而言, 本发明所展现的左、 右无延吋、 画面视频格式变化多、 画面的素 质高度统一等优点。

Claims

权利要求书
[ 1] 1 . 一种单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法, 其特征在于包括下属步骤: (
1 ) 使待拍摄的景物光线通过轴线距离 57〜65mm的两组光学成像透镜组聚 焦; (2) 使聚焦所获得的两组具有视觉差的光信号分别经第一反射镜和第 二反射镜两次反射; (3) 再使左、 右两组光信号分别经过使光信号同向旋 转 90度的光路方向转换组件; (4) 再使两组光信号在旋转 90度设置的 4: 3 的单个 CCD或 CMOS传感器上成像; (5) 单个 CCD或 CMOS传感器成像的 图像信号经图像处理后存储。
[2] 2 . 根据权利要求 1所述的单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法, 其特征在于
, 所述的光路方向转换组件为棱镜组。
[3] 3 . 根据权利要求 1所述的单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法, 其特征在于
, 步骤 (4) 中所述的成像是使两路光信号分别成像在单个 CCD或 CMOS传 感器以中心轴为对称的两边, 形成并列的两幅图像; 单幅图像的宽度方向 留有图像宽度 5%左右的空位。
[4] 4 . 一种实现权利要求 1所述单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法的装置, 包 括单个 CCD或 CMOS传感器 (1 ) , 传感器 (1 ) 连接图像处理器 (6) , 其 特征在于, 所述的传感器 (1 ) 为 4: 3通用格式, 传感器 (1 ) 以和正常安 装位置相差 90度角方向设置; 在传感器 (1 ) 前部设有轴线距离 57〜65mm 的两组光学成像透镜组 (2) , 每组光学成像透镜组 (2) 的内侧均设有第 一反射镜 (3) 、 第二反射镜 (4) 和光路方向转换组件 (5) , 具有视觉差 的两路光信号分别经光学成像透镜组 (2) 、 第一反射镜 (3) 、 第二反射 镜 (4) 和光路方向转换组件 (5) 后分别再投射在传感器 (1 ) 的左右两侧 成像。
[5] 5 . 根据权利要求 4所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述的光路方向转换组件 (5
) 为棱镜组。
PCT/CN2009/071754 2008-12-18 2009-05-12 单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法 WO2010069169A1 (zh)

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EP09832851.1A EP2381305A4 (en) 2008-12-18 2009-05-12 Single-sensor juxtaposing type stereo-picture shooting method

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CNA2008101858993A CN101482693A (zh) 2008-12-01 2008-12-18 单传感器并列式立体图像拍摄方法及装置
CN200810185899.3 2008-12-18

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WO2015176298A1 (en) 2014-05-23 2015-11-26 Covidien Lp 3d laparoscopic image capture apparatus with a single image sensor
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