Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
  • B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
  • B01J8/002—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor with a moving instrument
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
  • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
  • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
  • B01J2208/00743—Feeding or discharging of solids
  • B01J2208/00752—Feeding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
  • B01J2208/00743—Feeding or discharging of solids
  • B01J2208/00769—Details of feeding or discharging
  • B01J2208/00778—Kinetic energy reducing devices in the flow channel

Definitions

• the individual tubes have to be loaded with equal amounts of particles with respect to volume, loading height, mass and porosity. Identical loading is required because the flow of fluid compounds through each tube as well as the residence time of the fluid compounds in each tube of the assembly should be equal. Most commonly, the particles are a solid form of a catalyst on a carrier, which influences the reaction of fluid compounds that are led through the tubes.
• the loading or re-loading of the multitude of narrow and elongated reactor tubes with catalyst, the particles of which are generally not very much smaller than the inner diameter of the tubes, is difficult and time-consuming. An even distribution of the catalyst particles inside each tube and between all tubes is in this case very important but difficult to achieve.
• Abrasion of the particles during manufacturing, transport and loading cause the particles to be of smaller size than meant to be loaded in the vessel tube and the formation of dust. This is very undesirable because the small particles and dust change the fluid transport properties of the medium flowing through the reactor tubes and cause problems outside the vessel tubes. Further, the dust is a threat to health when inhaled. Outside a reactor tube the dust is still active and causes undesired reactions at undesired locations. Thus, abrasion and dust formation has to be prevented or minimized and the inevitable products of abrasion and dust formation have to be separated from the particles .
• Figure 7 shows the blocking device 76 in closing position at the end of conduit 72, while the whole loading device is lifted from the vessel tube 74. Most effective and efficient is to provide a blocking device below the loading plate. When the required outage is reached the hole is closed.
• the closing device is actuated by a sensor that measures the loading height of the particles or that is mounted at the loading height (where outage should start) in the vessel tube and senses the particles at that height. In this case no filling tube is required that has to be installed, removed and requires further time consuming handling.
• the catalyst is loaded for all examples given below via one or more loading plates with one or more loading holes.
• a second filling assembly is installed on 90 other reactor tubes. After 10 minutes the first 90 tubes have been filled with 10 kg catalyst each and the big bag is empty. The small amount of surplus catalyst in the first filling assembly is vacuumed and recycled to the vibrating screen outside the reactor. The first filling assembly is moved to another set of 90 vessel tubes. Catalyst is vacuumed from the reactor tubes to the required outage and recycled to the vibrating screen outside the reactor. Particle dust and small particles are vacuumed from between the vessel tubes and are disposed. Thereafter the 90 vessel tubes are covered with one plate to protect the content of the tubes.
• Tubes have to be loaded with an outage of 1.2m.
• a catalyst sensor is installed 1.2 m below the top of the tube.
• the sensor actuates a loading hole closing device that is put on top of the tube.
• the sensor is a specially designed electrical switch. That switch consists of bent plates with a radius of the inner tube diameter with a height of 0.05 m and a width that the plate covers 40% of the circumference as shown in figure 11.
• Within the switch two tips or connectors are installed connected to a low voltage electrical source that act as an electrical switch.
• the plate is pushed to the inner tube surface and the connectors close the electrical circuit.
• the electrical circuit is connected to a solenoid that closes the loading hole.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
• Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
• Feeding Of Articles To Conveyors (AREA)
• Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)

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Citations (8)

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• 2009
  • 2009-07-28 NL NL2003298A patent/NL2003298C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-12-03 CN CN2009801492157A patent/CN102245287A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-12-03 BR BRPI0923371-7A patent/BRPI0923371A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-12-03 US US13/129,769 patent/US20110277421A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-12-03 EP EP09768440A patent/EP2364204A2/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-12-03 WO PCT/NL2009/050735 patent/WO2010068094A2/en active Application Filing
  • 2009-12-03 CA CA2743284A patent/CA2743284C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (8)

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