Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
  • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
  • H02S10/30—Thermophotovoltaic systems
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for
• a gas-operated lamp which has within a closed enclosure at least one solar panel, which is arranged in the radiation region of a light source, wherein a gas flame generated by means of the lamp is associated with at least one incandescent body which at least one Having the gas flame of the lamp enveloping, transparent bell member to form a closed combustion chamber.
• the arrangement of a solar panel in DE 200 18 328 Ul should make it possible independently of a power connection, eg. A battery, the actual lighting conditions independently turn on and off a gas light.
• the gas lamp on the other hand, is not designed to produce larger amounts of electricity, for example, for a backup supply of electricity in a household.
• Known devices for generating electrical energy are photovoltaic systems, which are already widely used to convert parts of the penetrating into the earth's atmosphere radiation energy of the sun into electrical energy. Such devices usually have a multiplicity of solar modules from which a solar panel with relatively large dimensions can be formed. By coupling the solar panels and upgrading to the aforementioned photovoltaic systems, it is possible to generate adequate amounts of electrical energy without using fossil fuels limited in occurrence.
• photovoltaics In addition to industrial use, photovoltaics is also being used increasingly in the private sector in order to achieve savings in fossil fuels, which are also used to generate electricity, or to supply consumers with a low power requirement directly with electric power supply.
• the use of photovoltaics is particularly suitable in the camping sector, as a partially self-sufficient supply of electrical energy enables a certain mobility.
• a disadvantage is essentially only the limited usability during the day and also to evaluate only with sufficient solar radiation, which is the desired self-sufficient care without an additional power connection as an alternative in case of need or the use of a costly memory, which in an excess production of electrical Energy stores the unused part, makes it problematic.
• the present invention is based on the object of specifying a device for generating electrical energy with at least one solar module having at least one photovoltaic cell, which is arranged in the radiation region of a light source, with the aid of which the energy supply is independent (of ) of the time of day and the prevailing sunshine, at least in replacement.
• the light source of at least Device for power generation - 3 - is operated with a gas or gasifiable fossil and regenerative fuels lamp, wherein a gas flame generated by the lamp is associated with at least one incandescent body, the incandescent body at least one of the gas flame of the lamp enveloping, transparent bell part for training having a closed combustion chamber.
• a predetermined intensity of radiation energy can always be achieved independently of the time of day and the prevailing weather conditions generate, which can then be converted by the disposed in the radiation region of the lamp solar module into electrical energy.
• Devices with a relatively low energy requirement can thus be operated advantageously independent of the network.
• the closed combustion chamber achieves a reduced heat radiation of the combustion heat remaining within the incandescent body and thus an improved efficiency of the solar cells.
• the bell part is at least partially enclosed by a multi-walled glass dome, between which the dome wall is at a lower pressure.
• the existing in particular high-temperature resistant glass glass dome which is double-walled, enclosing the bell part completely. Due to the vacuum preferably generated between the dome walls is given a reduced heat transfer advantage. Thus, the heat is on a respective, Device for power generation - A - the light source associated Sol ⁇ rmodul reduced, whereby the efficiency of the solar modules is further improved.
• the glass dome is placed with its particular annular opening on the optionally formed as a glow body bell and firmly connected to a socket of the lamp. The inside of the glass dome can have a uniform distance from the bell part, but in no case has a point of contact with the bell part.
• an emitter material can be introduced, which for example, completely fills this free space.
• the emitter preferably used for use sodium iodide or other substances such. Rubidium, potassium and their compounds are with their advantageous physical properties from liquid to gaseous.
• Sodium iodide preferably emits radiation having a wavelength of about 600 nanometers, wherein the light wavelength lying in particular in the orange region of the light spectrum is optimally usable by the solar cells used. It is also conceivable to use the sodium iodide in the gaseous state.
• Other emitters, e.g. Rubidium have an emission spectrum closer to the band gap of the silicon and thus increase the proportion of usable energy. However, these are not as easy to handle as the non-toxic and environmentally poorly reactive sodium iodide.
• the bell part has at least one wall of the region partially penetrating pipe ring, in which an emitter material is received.
• Each tube ring is formed similar to a ring line and is partially enveloped by the incandescent body forming the combustion chamber and / or penetrates an area of the wall of the bell part which is designed in particular as a hollow cylinder.
• Each pipe ring thus has a guided along the inner circumferential surface and the outer surface of the bell part pipe section.
• Each tube ring contains a liquefied by the prevailing inside the bell part temperature level Apparatus for generating electricity - or gassed emitter substance, such as sodium iodide, and thus forms a plurality of luminous bodies.
• the gas flame in turn excites the emitter substance to emit radiant energy at a predetermined wavelength.
• the emitter material located in the area of the inner lateral surface is heated more strongly than the portion located outside the bell portion, which leads to an automatic circulation and to a uniform excitation of the emitter substance within a tubular ring.
• an absorber-convector unit made of high-temperature resistant ceramic, consisting of a cuboid traversed by vertical bores, through which the emitter substance rises and flows out in the direction of the radiating side.
• At least one of the sides of the dome walls is equipped with an IR radiation-reflecting coating, which ensures that only the desired proportion of the radiation emitted by the gas flame or by the Gl ⁇ hSystem radiant energy can penetrate the coating.
• the heat radiation is retained within the glass dome and provides in this context for a relatively uniform temperature level in the region of the combustion chamber. In Emitterstoff needraum may be present under pressure to lower the boiling temperature.
• a plurality of solar modules is disposed on at least one circular arc section around the light source, which have a specific arrangement.
• the radiant energy emitted by the light source can be collected to a large extent or a relatively high proportion thereof and converted into electrical energy.
• the solar modules can be arranged both completely and only on a circular arc section around the light source.
• a reflector is then provided, in particular, of the side of the light-generating gas flame opposite the solar modules, which reflects the radiation emitted in this area correspondingly loss-free and in the direction of the solar modules arranged at a predetermined angle around the light source derives.
• the solar modules preferably form a hollow cylinder-like module body around the light source, by means of which the ratio of the radiation energy collected by the solar modules to the radiation energy emitted by the gas-driven lamp, for example, is further improved.
• the solar modules can be arranged annularly around the light source, wherein, depending on the height of the gas flame generated by the lamp, the annularly arranged solar modules are optionally arranged one above the other in several planes.
• each solar module is arranged with its radiation energy absorbing surface approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis formed by the flame of the light source.
• This has the advantage that the energy radiation thus incident also approximately perpendicularly to a respective solar module only slightly reflects on the surface thereof and a relatively high proportion of this converted Device for power generation - 7 - is changed.
• the dimensions and thus the number of solar modules to be positioned around the light source depend in particular on the power of the used and the resulting distance between the light source and a respective solar module.
• a diffusion absorption heat pump is coupled to the solar modules with the aid of which the solar modules used can be kept at an advantageously low operating temperature during operation of the device according to the invention.
• An expeller which is a necessary part of the diffusion absorption heat pump, is positioned in a corresponding excess heat emitting section of the device so that the working medium can be separated from its carrier medium in the expeller.
• the use of such a heat pump has the advantage that the heat pump process alone by a targeted heat, for example in the form of waste heat, automatically sets in motion by temperature and concentration differences in motion and therefore requires no additional primary energy.
• the luminaire is at least partially enclosed directly by a lens-like optical element, with the help of which the radiation energy of the luminaire, which generally propagates uniformly in all directions, can be refracted by the lens-like optical element and directed in a specific direction.
• a lens-like optical element Especially in connection with the preferably hollow cylinder-like, made of solar modules module body can be energy beams, which does not normally on the surface of the module body formed from solar modules Device for power generation - 8 - ⁇ ufgate, deflect on the module body.
• the ratio of the radiation received by the solar modules to the radiation emitted by the light source can thereby be further improved with advantage.
• the dimensions of the optical element used also depend on the height of the gas flame generated by the luminaire and on the luminaire used on the luminaire.
• the optical element is a Fresnel lens or a Fresnel Fresnel lens
• the design principle allows the use of large lenses with short focal length, but without having the considerable installation volume and the associated weight of conventional lenses.
• a relatively small mass of the device can be achieved, which in particular simplifies the handling of the inventively designed devices during mobile use with advantage.
• the light source may be formed of a plurality of lights, which are arranged in particular on a circular path around a common center area around.
• the amount of emitted radiation energy can be increased in an advantageously simple manner, so that such a device according to the invention can sometimes even be used for self-sufficient supply, for example, of a remote building.
• the number of lights used to form the light source depends in particular on the amount of energy to be covered.
• the lights are arranged distributed uniformly on the circular path, so that on the entire inner side of the hollow cylindrical module body facing the light source is advantageously given a uniform distribution of the radiation intensity.
• an optimal conversion of the incident on the surface of the module body energy radiation is ensured by means of all available solar modules always.
• a reflector is arranged in the central region of the circularly arranged lights. With the aid of the reflector, the radiant energy emitted into the center region of the light source can be deflected in an advantageous manner in the direction of the hollow-cylindrical module body arranged around the light source.
• the reflector is formed of a plurality of concave mirrors each having concave reflecting surfaces, each of the light source forming lamps is associated with at least one concave mirror.
• a concave mirror provides a structurally simple way to form a reflector deflecting the radiation energy.
• Each concave mirror has for this purpose a predetermined curvature or a predetermined radius of curvature, which can vary in the direction of the mirror width and thus always a targeted deflection of the radiant energy make can.
• Each luminaire of the light source are preferably associated with two concave mirrors whose longitudinal axes are offset from the luminaire such that the radiation energy emitted by the luminaire is not thrown back in the direction of the luminaire but is deflected between two adjacent luminaires onto the module body.
• Fig.l a view of the device according to the invention in partial section; Device for generating electricity
• FIG. 2 is a plan view of the device in section A-A; FIG.
• FIG. 3 shows a view of a further exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention.
• Figure 4 is a plan view of the device of Figure 3 in section B-B ..;
• FIG. 5 shows a view of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention.
• FIG. 5a shows a plan view in section A-A of the device of Figure 5;
• Figure 5b is a detail view in section B-B of the device of Figure 5;
• FIG. 5c shows a further detailed view in section B-B of the device from FIG. 5;
• Fig. 6a is a detail view of the device as in Fig.6;
• FIG. 6b shows a further detail view of the device as in FIG.
• the luminaire furthermore has an incandescent body 5, which is excited to emit light, in particular by means of the gas flame 3 and the chemical reaction occurring during combustion.
• the glow element 5 also has a gas Device for power generation - 1 1 - flame of the lamp enveloping designed as a closed combustion chamber 6 bell part 7, whereby the combustion associated with the increase in temperature is preferably held within the combustion chamber 6.
• an emitter substance determining the degree of emission of the incandescent body 5 is introduced, for example sodium iodide, which has an advantageously high radiation intensity, in particular in a certain radiation spectrum.
• an IR radiation-reflecting coating is preferably applied to both sides of the dome walls 9, 10 facing the combustion chamber.
• the device 1 has at least one reflector 15, 16 (FIG. 2) which, in particular, deflects the radiation not emitted directly to the solar cells 4 in the direction of the solar cells 4 and thus increasing the energy yield.
• Fig. 2 shows a plan view and is intended to illustrate in particular the structure in the interior of the device 1.
• the luminaire 2 is preferably arranged coaxially with the central region of the emitter housing 17, in particular a hollow cylinder, of the device 1.
• the solar modules 4 are distributed in particular only over a section on the inside of the emitter housing 17.
• a reflector 16 designed as a parabolic trough mirror is provided in the interior of the emitter housing 17, which in particular diverts the radiation of the light source propagating in the opposite direction to the solar modules 4 arranged on the side in the emitter housing 17 to the solar modules 4 with advantage.
• Sol ⁇ rmodule 4 are in particular connected to a Susuneau 18 through which a plurality of cooling lines 19 are guided at predetermined intervals, which are in particular connected to a non-illustrated Diffusionsab- sorptions Kevuene and keep the solar modules 4 to a ner advantageously low operating temperature.
• Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of a device 20 according to the invention
• the lamp 21 is also enclosed by a particular heat radiation enclosing the glass dome 22.
• the luminaire 21 also has a bell part 23, in the wall 24 of which a multiplicity of ring pipe-like tubular rings 26, 26 ' forming a heat body 25 are introduced.
• a radiant energy generating emitter In each tube ring 26,26 ' is in turn a radiant energy generating emitter, which is excited by the burning inside the combustion chamber 27 gas flame 3 for emitting radiant energy. Due to the temperature differences of the emitter material within a respective tube ring 26,26 ' automatically sets a circulation of emitter material within it.
• Fig. 4 is a plan view of the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 3, which is intended to illustrate its structure.
• the tube rings 26,26 ' have in particular a radial alignment about the central region of the lamp 21, whereby a relatively uniform release of the radiation generated by the emitter material is ensured.
• Reflectors 28, 29 designed in particular as parabolic trough mirrors are in turn arranged on the outside of the bell part 23, which in turn redirect or reflect the radiation in the direction of the solar modules arranged in particular around the light source.
• FIG. 5 shows a view of a further embodiment of the device 1, 20 according to the invention.
• an absorber convector ceramic body 30 is arranged in the tube ring 26 consisting of high-temperature-resistant glass and consists of a substantially parallelepiped insert threaded through holes.
• the holes are open from below to the emitter substance-containing space Device for power generation - 13 - ⁇ usgest ⁇ ltet, but not sufficient by the upper body surface, but are connected by a transverse bore and out to the outer side of the tube ring 26.
• This lateral outlet opening can be extended by a tube until it is guided into the radiation-emitting part of the tube ring 26.
• the absorber convector ceramic body 30 is the
• the object of the invention is to heat the emitter substance, to vaporize it and to transport it into the outer part of the tube ring 26 of the device 1, 20 according to the invention. In addition, it serves to absorb the energy radiated from the wall of the combustion chamber and thus to conduct it to the emitter substance.
• an inwardly acting reflector 31 is provided from a mirrored temperature-resistant material, which largely surrounds the incandescent body 5,25 and the heat energy of the combustion chamber wall reflects back into them, so that on the one hand, the solar modules 4th are protected from unwanted radiation and on the other hand, the heat energy with advantage in Gl ⁇ henia 5.25 remains and thus mainly to the heat-absorbing portion of the tube ring 26 is discharged.
• the reflector 31 and the parabolic trough reflector 28 can be divided into several segments and held with suitable clamps, not shown, on the outer tube ring 26.
• the reflector 31 does not touch the combustion chamber wall and is protected by the vacuum 32 from heat input by convection and heat conduction.
• the evacuated gap 32 has the same function as the Dewar in Fig.l formed by the double glass dome.
• the intermediate space which is formed from the wall of the inner tubular ring portion partially enveloping the combustion chamber and from the heat-absorbing part of the tubular ring 26 may be advantageously filled with a granule 33.
• the granules 33 preferably consist of spherical grains of a high Device for power generation - temper- turker ⁇ mik and can not condense due to the preferably at least approximately the same grain size by the thermal expansion and contraction during cooling.
• the granulate filling 33 thus remains displaceable and thus exerts only minor forces on the surrounding environment.
• the granules protect against trickling out
• an evacuated vacuum vessel 34 which is mirrored from the inside and is preferably cylindrical, is provided with a small entrance window 35, inside which, as described below, a high-temperature glass tube ring 26 is located, which in turn constitutes an absorber evaporator unit having high temperature resistant ceramic.
• the solar radiation is focused by a parabolic mirror 36 made of low-heat glass ceramic, known from cooktops, and projected through the inlet window 35 onto the absorber evaporator unit.
• the embodiment shown in Figs. 6,6a and 6b shown vacuum container 34 serves to receive the pipe ring 26 according to the invention, in order to introduce in this solar thermal variant of the device according to the invention, the heat energy in the pipe ring 26 and to protect against heat loss.
• an angle reflector 39 is mounted, which directs the incoming rays in the direction of the absorber convector unit.
• the inner walls 42 of the tube ring 26 receiving the vacuum container 34 are also mirrored, advantageously with angle reflectors with mutually perpendicular mirror surfaces 42, Device for power generation - 15 - to throw back the thermal radiation of the absorber. Since only the absorber convector unit and the emitter material radiate, the glass of the tube ring, however, not the energy is advantageously retained in the interior of the container in the emitter and can therefore leave the system for the most part only on the radiation emitting side of the tube ring 26 , On one side of the tube ring 26 penetrates with its radiation-emitting side of the vacuum container 34, but is also located in a vacuum through a glass dome 38.
• this opening is mirrored by a partition 41 - penetrated only by the tubes of the tube ring 26 - also inward.
• a pipe for heating a heat transfer medium for the purpose of obtaining thermal energy may be located in the vacuum container 34.
• the partition 41 is provided inside mirrored with two openings through which the tubes of the pipe ring 26 from or reenter.
• the partition wall 41 consists of at least two parts, which are installed overlapping and attached to the vacuum tank 34.
• the entrance window 35 is made of anti-reflective glass, the outside pressure maintaining, on the vacuum tank 34 is fixed and can also be curved inwards. In this vault is the focus of the parabolic mirror 36.
• the parabolic mirror 36 which consists of low-heat glass ceramic, can be tracked to the position of the sun and offers the advantage of precisely defining the focus and thus of being able to keep the entrance window 35 to a small extent. As a result, heat loss due to radiation is to be kept low.
• the parabolic mirror 36 may be formed in channel shape, round or ellipsoidal.
• the entrance window 35 is designed as a longitudinal opening.
• the vacuum container 34 is advantageously movably mounted and is replaced by an adjusting linkage 37 during the tracking of the pallet.
• Device for power generation - 16 - r ⁇ bolaciouss 36 always kept approximately perpendicular to the sun.
• the Justiergestfite 37 is connected by a mechanism with the parabolic mirror.
• the cup-like glass dome 38 of anti-reflective glass allows the desired radiation escape and is airtight on the vacuum vessel 34 esammlung.
• a solar module (not shown) is mounted on the outside and generates electrical energy.
• the angle reflector 37 located on the inside has in its corner, which is formed from the three mirror surfaces and are at right angles to each other, an opening into which the entrance window 35 bulges. However, the mirror surfaces towards the absorber do not reach as far as the tube ring 26.
• the device 1, 20 according to the invention is not limited in its execution to the preferred embodiments specified above. Rather, a variety of design variations are conceivable, which make use of the illustrated solution even with fundamentally different type of execution, for example, the use of the device for pumping laser media.

Landscapes

• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
• Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
• Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
• Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-11-21 DE DE102008058467A patent/DE102008058467B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-11-20 AP AP2011005735A patent/AP2011005735A0/xx unknown
  • 2009-11-20 EP EP09802099A patent/EP2359409A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-11-20 CA CA2744497A patent/CA2744497A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-11-20 RU RU2011120471/28A patent/RU2011120471A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2009-11-20 CN CN2009801546180A patent/CN102334191A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-11-20 WO PCT/DE2009/001641 patent/WO2010057479A2/de active Application Filing
• 2011
  • 2011-05-22 US US13/113,055 patent/US20110265853A1/en not_active Abandoned

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