Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
  • C04B28/023—Barium cements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
  • C04B28/04—Portland cements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
  • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
  • C04B2111/1018—Gypsum free or very low gypsum content cement compositions
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

• Binder particularly cement and a method for production of the binder
• the invention relates to binders, in particular cement, that contain fluid ashes of suitable physical characteristics and chemical composition that are obtained as light ashes from cyclone and filtration equipment of fluid combustion technologies.
• the invention also comprises a method for production of these binders.
• Fluid fly-ashes are generated in large quantities especially when fuel that is rich in ballast is burnt, i.e. when the method of fiuidized bed combustion is used.
• siliceous fly-ashes and calcareous fiy-ashes are used for further processing. These types of fly-ash are obtained mainly by electrostatic or mechanical separation of dust particles from gases of combustion chambers where finely ground coal is used as fuel at the temperatures of approx. 1400 to 1600 0 C.
• Siliceous fly-ash is fine powder consisting mainly of ball-like vitreous particles with pozzolana properties. It must mainly consist of active silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) and aluminium oxide (Al 2 Os).
• Calcareous fly-ash is fine powder with hydraulic and/or pozzolana properties. It must mainly consist of active calcium oxide (CaO), active silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) and aluminium oxide (AI 2 O 3 ).
• the chemical composition of individual fly-ash types is highly variable and depends on the type and quality of coal and combustion conditions.
• Fluid fly-ashes are characterized with a higher content of calcium (Ca), which is added to the combustion process generally in the limestone (CaCO 3 ) form for the purpose of desulphurization.
• the crystalline phase consists of the following new mineralogical formations: anhydrite-CaSO 4 , ⁇ ortlandite-Ca(OH) 2 , gypsum-CaSO 4 .2H 2 O, calcite-CaCO 3 , quartz-SiO 2 , hematite-Fe 2 ⁇ 3 , magnetite-Fe 3 O 4 , basanite-CaSO 3 .l/2H 2 O, ettringite-
• Fly-ashes can be classified into active and inactive by its hydraulicity:
• fly-ashes A part of these fly-ashes is still being deposited in dumping sites as unprocessed at the price of continuously growing costs and contamination of the environment.
• fly-ashes as a replacement cement component
• Another disadvantage is the time course of the reaction between the fly-ash and calcium hydroxide, when the pozzolana reaction only starts to be shown in the obtained strength after 28 days under the conditions of standard ageing, but sometimes even after 60 and 90 days.
• fluid fly-ashes can be mainly added to cement clinker, to siliceous and/or calcareous fly-ashes, and/or other components of cement comprising slag, pozzolana, tuff, diatomaceous earth, etc. thanks to their physical - chemical properties.
• the subject matter of the invention is a binder agent, in particular cement that contains, based on the total weight of the mixture, up to 99 % of cement clinker by weight, from 0.5 to 99 % of fluid fly-ashes by weight, up to 99 % by weight of siliceous fly-ashes and/or calcareous fly- ashes and/or other components selected from the group comprising slag, pozzolana, tuff, diatomaceous earth, etc. while the rest consists of impurities.
• a binder agent in particular cement that contains, based on the total weight of the mixture, up to 99 % of cement clinker by weight, from 0.5 to 99 % of fluid fly-ashes by weight, up to 99 % by weight of siliceous fly-ashes and/or calcareous fly- ashes and/or other components selected from the group comprising slag, pozzolana, tuff, diatomaceous earth, etc. while the rest consists of impurities.
• Cement clinker is preferably any clinker known from the prior art, in particular Portland clinker, aluminate clinker, barium clinker, strontium clinker, etc.
• the above mentioned clinker may or may not contain any setting-time controller.
• a preferable setting-time controller is gypsum - CaSO 4 .2H 2 O.
• Fluid fly-ashes in accordance with the invention preferably contain at least 0.1 % of main oxides selected from the group comprising SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , CaO and at least 0.01 % of secondary oxides selected from the group comprising FeO, Cr 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 , MgO, MnO, K 2 O, Na 2 O, SO 3 based on the total weight of the oxides and having the loss on ignition up to 15 % by weight.
• main oxides selected from the group comprising SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , CaO and at least 0.01 % of secondary oxides selected from the group comprising FeO, Cr 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 , MgO, MnO, K 2 O, Na 2 O, SO 3 based on the total weight of the oxides and having the loss on ignition up to 15 % by weight.
• the bulk density of fluid fly-ash is preferably 300 to 950 kg/m 3 and the tapped density is preferably 500 to 1200 kg/m 3 .
• the solution according to the invention also comprises a method for the production of the above mentioned binder, preferably e.g. cement while fluid fly-ashes are added to the cement clinker and/or to siliceous fly-ashes and/or to calcareous fly-ashes and/or to other components selected from the group comprising slag, pozzolana, tuffs, diatomaceous earth, etc. before grinding, in the course of grinding or after grinding of the cement clinker and/or fly-ashes and/or the other components.
• binder preferably e.g. cement while fluid fly-ashes are added to the cement clinker and/or to siliceous fly-ashes and/or to calcareous fly-ashes and/or to other components selected from the group comprising slag, pozzolana, tuffs, diatomaceous earth, etc. before grinding, in the course of grinding or after grinding of the cement clinker and/or fly-ashes and/or the other components.
• a mortar prepared from this cement at the ratio of cement and sand of 1 :3 with continuous grain size (standard sand) that is stored in the form of bodies with the dimensions of 4x4x16 for 24 hours in a saturated water steam medium is left in water at the temperature of 20 0 C for 28 days. After 48 hours the bodies exhibit compressive strength of 17 MPa and bending strength of 3.4 MPa, after 7 days compressive strength of 25 MPa and bending strength of 4.6 MPa and after 28 days compressive strength of
• a mortar prepared from this cement at the ratio of cement and sand of 1:3 with continuous grain size (standard sand) that is stored in the form of bodies with the dimensions of 4x4x16 for 24 hours in a saturated water steam medium is left in water with the temperature of 20 0 C for 28 days. After 48 hours the bodies exhibit compressive strength of 14 MPa and bending strength of 3.1 MPa, after 7 days compressive strength of 23 MPa and bending strength of 4.5 MPa and after 28 days compressive strength of 35 MPa and bending strength of 5.5 MPa.
• fluid fly-ashes can be used mainly for the production of various kinds of binders, particularly cements.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 2008
  • 2008-10-23 CZ CZ20080662A patent/CZ2008662A3/cs unknown
• 2009
  • 2009-10-20 WO PCT/CZ2009/000124 patent/WO2010045898A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (4)

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