WO2010006495A1 - 一种组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖及其施工方法 - Google Patents

一种组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖及其施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010006495A1
WO2010006495A1 PCT/CN2009/000217 CN2009000217W WO2010006495A1 WO 2010006495 A1 WO2010006495 A1 WO 2010006495A1 CN 2009000217 W CN2009000217 W CN 2009000217W WO 2010006495 A1 WO2010006495 A1 WO 2010006495A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
load
reducing
cast
pouring
unloading
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PCT/CN2009/000217
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王军艇
王凯隆
Original Assignee
Wang Junting
Wang Kailong
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Publication date
Application filed by Wang Junting, Wang Kailong filed Critical Wang Junting
Publication of WO2010006495A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010006495A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/326—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/326—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements
    • E04B5/328—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements the filling elements being spherical

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of general building construction, and specifically relates to a cast-in-place hollow floor cover of a combined load reducing component and a construction method thereof.
  • the cast-in-place hollow slab can reduce the weight of the structure, save materials, optimize the section, improve the insulation performance, sound insulation performance and load-bearing capacity of the building. It is widely used and widely used in the construction field. The application of the load member in the hollow floor is also extensive. At present, the tubular load-reducing members are the most widely used, but the two-way stress of the tubular members is not good, and it is not suitable for the floor covering with high force requirements, which does not meet the engineering requirements, and the porosity of the box-shaped load-reducing members is compared.
  • the load-reducing members need to have a certain gap when placed. It is used to meet the needs of pouring concrete, and it is necessary to fill the core molds such as the corners of the floor cover with concrete, and the shape of the filled core mold is single, and the bearing capacity of the floor is uneven, so that the hollow floor is The porosity is relatively low, the amount of concrete is large, the floor is self-contained, and the overall cost of the project is high. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a combined load relief member cast-in-place hollow floor cover and a construction method thereof for the above-mentioned defects, and the present invention adopts a load-reducing member which is fixed between an upper steel bar and a lower steel bar by a fixed connecting member.
  • the concrete fills the gap between the load-reducing member and the reinforcing bar and the load-reducing member in the entire floor, and the load-reducing member comprises at least two of a cylindrical, box-shaped or spherical load-reduction monomer, said reduction
  • the technical solution that the components are spaced or closely arranged, the floor cover combines different shapes of load-reducing members, and flexibly sets the form and type of the load-reducing members according to requirements, and has high void ratio and good quality. Light weight and optimized cross section.
  • the term "closely-arranged" means that adjacent load-receiving cells or load-reducing ruthenium sheets are in contact with each other, and the contact manner may be line contact, surface contact, or point contact.
  • the present invention is achieved by a method of fixing a load-retaining member between an upper reinforcing bar and a lower reinforcing bar by a fixing joint, the concrete filling a gap between the load-reducing member and the reinforcing bar and the load-reducing member in the entire floor cover,
  • the load reducing member comprises at least two of a cylindrical, box-shaped or spherical load-reducing member, and the load-reducing members are spaced or closely arranged.
  • the load-reducing member is a load-relieving monomer or a load-reducing cymbal composed of closely or intermittently arranged load-reducing monomers;
  • the load-reducing cymbal is a tubular shape and a box At least two combined mixed unloading slabs of a spherical or spherical load-reducing monomer;
  • the unloading cymbal is a cylindrical unloading cymbal of a cylindrical, box-shaped or spherical unloading monomer alone, and a box type a load-reducing slab or a ball-type load-reducing slab;
  • the load-reducing member is located in a region where the inner beam or the dark beam of the floor is divided;
  • the load-reducing member is provided with a support block;
  • the sheets are joined by a fixing member or bonded by a gelling material.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that, when the length and width of the unloading cymbal are greater than or equal to 600, a squeezing port or a casting groove is provided on the squeezing slab; the pouring port or the pouring groove In order to be opened on the unloading monomer or combined by the unloading monomer; the floor cover is a one-way plate or a two-way plate or a continuous one-way plate or a continuous two-way plate, or a ribbed beam cover or a beamless floor cover , or a non-prestressed floor or prestressed floor, 'either an unbonded prestressed floor or a bonded prestressed floor; the load relief is a thin-walled hard hollow body or lightweight Foam or inflatable bladder.
  • the construction method of the cast-in-place hollow floor of the combined load-discharging component of the invention comprises two major steps, as follows:
  • the vibrating concrete is layered and poured successively.
  • the concrete of the lower layer is poured through the gap of the beam, the rib beam, the pouring spout or the pouring trough, and the concrete of the lower concrete is filled and compacted, and the concrete or lightweight material is used.
  • Design thickness curing to strength to meet the design requirements, demoulding, and obtaining the floor covering product of the present invention. .
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention can be obtained by the above description.
  • the relief member adopts at least two kinds of cylindrical, box-shaped or spherical relief monomers, and the at least two kinds of the reducing monomers are used in a floor cover to reduce the load.
  • the arrangement of the cells can also be flexibly arranged according to needs, arranged at intervals or tightly, and can be flexibly arranged in different regions according to needs, and arranged in a regional, array or radial arrangement, or staggered in different structural forms of the load-reduction monomers.
  • the combination of the excellent performance of the different types of unloading monomers is realized, and the cross section is optimized, so that the two-way stress of the floor cover is excellent, and the porosity can be further increased.
  • the load-reducing member may also be an unloading crucible composed of closely or spaced arrangement of the unloading monomers, and the unloading crucible may be a mixed crucible of at least two combinations of the three types of unloading monomers of the above structure, or It is a separate combination of various monomers.
  • the relief sheet is connected by a fixing member or bonded by a cementing material.
  • the relief monomer arrangement in the cymbal is flexible, and the combination of the cymbals The form of the flexible, formed.
  • the combination of the cymbals in the floor cover is flexible and diverse.
  • the arrangement of the load-reducing members in the floor is more flexible and can be combined.
  • the different types of load-carrying monomers are combined, the charge-reducing monomer Combination with combination cymbals, combination cymbals and combinations
  • the combination of the crotch piece and the combination crotch piece may be a combination of the combined combination crotch piece and the unloading member of the separate structure, and the combination may be combined with the different types of unloading monomers, the depletion table.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the body can also be flexibly and diversely, so that the form and arrangement of the load-reducing members in the flip cover can be variously varied according to the needs, and the formed floor cover has various cross-sectional shapes and uniform forces.
  • a pouring spout or a pouring trough is provided on the unloading cymbal, and the pouring spout or casting trough can also be used as an observation hole, a vent hole and a vent hole. It ensures the pouring quality of concrete under the condition of large porosity. ⁇ It is convenient to operate.
  • the pouring port or casting trough is opened on the unloading monomer or combined by the unloading monomer. The arrangement is convenient and the form is flexible.
  • the floor cover can also be provided with support blocks as needed.
  • the floor cover may be a one-way plate or a two-way plate or a continuous one-way plate or a continuous two-way plate, or a ribbed beam or a beamless floor, or a non-prestressed floor or a prestressed floor, or none Bonded prestressed floor or bonded prestressed floor, depending on the needs, flexible and diverse.
  • the cover of the invention satisfies the requirements of the floor cover, saves the concrete dosage, reduces the self-weight of the building structure, increases the void ratio of the floor cover, reduces the construction cost, and can more conveniently realize the humanized partition and increase the use. Area; Under the condition of ensuring the use of the headroom, the structural layer height can be lowered, and thus it can be seen that the present invention has outstanding substantive features and significant progress.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing another structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing another structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing another structure of the present invention.
  • 1 is a fixed joint
  • 2 is a cylindrical load-reducing monomer
  • 3 is a box-shaped load-reducing monomer
  • 4 is a lower-layer steel bar
  • 5 is an upper-layer steel bar
  • 6 is a spherical load-reducing monomer
  • 7 is a beam or a dark beam.
  • ribs 8 is a sprue or casting trough
  • 9 is a fixing member
  • 10 is a supporting spacer.
  • the cast-in-place hollow floor cover of the present invention comprises a load-reducing member fixed between the upper reinforcing bar 5 and the lower reinforcing bar 4 by a fixing joint 1, and the concrete is filled in the entire floor. a gap between the load-relief member and the reinforcing bar and between the load-relieving members, the load-relief member comprising at least two of a cylindrical, box-shaped or spherical load-reduction monomer, said load-relieving members being spaced or closely arranged .
  • the relief member in the floor cover is a combination of a cylindrical relief unit 2, a box-shaped relief monomer 3 or a spherical relief unit 6 or a combination of three, and the arrangement may be regional, ray or Arranged in an array or the like.
  • the load-relieving member of the cast-in-place hollow floor cover of the present invention is a load-reducing monomer or a load-reducing cymbal composed of closely or spaced arrangement of the load-reducing monomers, and the load-reducing ruthenium can be a separate combination of the load-reduction monomers.
  • the piece 9 connects the unloading cells or is bonded by a gelling material.
  • the fixing member 9 may be a steel band or a strap or a wire or a strong tape, or may be bonded by a gel material such as cement.
  • the unloading monomer can be combined into the unloading slab beforehand before construction, which is convenient for construction and improves work efficiency.
  • the gaps and grooves of the combined cymbals can be filled with gelling materials or lightweight materials, or end plugging, which is more conducive to increasing the volume of the filler and optimizing the cross section.
  • the load-relieving member of the cast-in-place hollow floor cover of the present invention is located in the area where the inner beam or the dark beam of the floor is divided; the load-reducing member may further be provided with a support block 10, and the support block 10 may be For square steel pipes, cement blocks or concrete blocks, it is easy to pour.
  • a pouring spout or a pouring trough 8 is provided on the unloading cymbal, and the pouring port or the pouring trough has various functions and can be Observing the hole, the venting hole and the venting hole, that is, meeting the construction requirements and facilitating the construction operation.
  • the pouring port or the pouring trough 8 is in the form of a space on the unloading cell or a combination of the unloading cells, for example, a space formed by the ends of the two cylindrical unloading cells 2 or is opened and radially penetrated.
  • the shape-reducing monomer 6 is formed in combination, and the casing can be closed in the through hole and the cylinder cavity is closed, and the end of the same cylindrical relief monomer is also closed to prevent the pouring concrete from entering the cavity.
  • the size of the pouring spout or the casting trough is not less than 80 mm x 80 mm or the diameter is not less than 80 mm, and the pouring spout or pouring trough 8 can be filled with concrete or lightweight material after pouring.
  • the cast-in-place hollow floor cover of the present invention is a one-way plate or a two-way plate or a continuous one-way plate or a continuous two-way plate, or a ribbed beam cover or a beamless floor cover, or a non-prestressed floor or prestressed Floor cover, either unbonded prestressed floor or bonded prestressed floor.
  • the unloading monomer of the present invention is a thin-walled hard hollow body or a lightweight foam body or an inflatable bladder, and the material can be metal, cement, plastic, hard paper, etc., and has various cross-sectional shapes, for cylindrical relief
  • the single body can be circular, rectangular, diamond, elliptical, polygonal, arc and rectangular combination, unequal arc combination, arc and fold combination, and the barrel combination can also be mutually different combination.
  • the placement of the load-relieving members is arranged according to the force of the area in which they are placed, and the arrangement direction ⁇ is consistent with the direction in which the bending moment in the plate is large.
  • the construction method of the invention is divided into two major steps:
  • the formwork shall be arched according to the design requirements; the embedded horizontal pipelines shall be arranged as far as possible between the dark beams or the ribbed beams according to the size of the pipe diameter; the relief members shall be laid at any time during the installation process. Board,.
  • the finished steel and load-relief components lay the gluten after the completion of the installation and reservation of the load-relieving components, and tie the ribs with the ribs; After the load-reduction components are placed, the gluten is tied to prevent gluten and
  • the load-reducing members are in direct contact, and the spacers may be placed between the intersections and the load-relieving members at the intersections of the longitudinal and transverse ribs;
  • the anti-floating measures are generally provided with anti-floating points, and the anti-floating point distance may be 1500 ram for vertical and horizontal- 2000 mm,-
  • the reserved pre-buried work of the installation project must be carried out in parallel with the process of tying the steel bar and placing the load-reducing components;
  • Concrete pouring should be pumped, once injection molding, pouring direction of advancement along the axial direction of the rib beam or pouring gate or casting trough, the concrete discharge should be uniform, to prevent excessive accumulation and damage to the load-relieving components, using vibration The scope of action, so that the concrete is squeezed into the bottom of the load-reducing component to ensure the underlying concrete.
  • the mortar penetrates and the ribs are dense.
  • the lightweight material can be used for sealing or the concrete can be filled by the upper concrete.
  • the pouring trough forms a strong supporting structure to enhance the stress on the floor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Description

一种组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖及其施工方法 技术领域
本发明属于一般建筑物构造领域， 具体为一种组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼 盖以及其施工方法。
背景技术
由于现浇空心楼板其自身的特点， 可以减轻结构自重， 节约材料， 优化截 面， 提高建筑物保温性能、 隔音性能以及承载能力等， 在目前建筑领域得到越 来越广泛的推广和使用， 因此减荷构件在空心楼盖中的应用也随之广泛。 目前 筒状减荷构件的应用最广泛， 但是筒状构件的双向受力情况不好， 对于受力要 求比较高的楼盖不适合， 达不到工程要求， 而盒状减荷构件孔隙率比较低， 筋和混凝土的用量高， 成本高， 并且由于受楼盖的形状、 减荷构件的形状以及 受力要求等工程要求方面的限制， 减荷构件在摆放时需要留有一定的间隙， 用 来满足浇注混凝土的需要， 并且对于楼盖的边角等不容易摆放芯模的部位需要 用混凝土进行填充， 并且填充芯模的形状单一， 楼盖的承受力不均匀， 这样空 心楼板的孔隙率比较低， 混凝土用量多， 楼盖自重大， 工程整体造价高。 发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对上述存在的缺陷而提供一种组合式减荷构件现浇空 心楼盖及其施工方法， 本发明采用包括通过固定连接件固定于上层钢筋和下层 钢筋之间的减荷构件， 混凝土填充整个楼盖内减荷构件和钢筋之间以及减荷构 件之间的空隙， 所述的减荷构件包括筒状、 盒状或球状减荷单体中至少两种， 所述的减荷构件间隔或紧密排列的技术方案， 该楼盖将不同形状的减荷构件进 行组合应用， 根据需要灵活设置减荷构件的形式和类型， 空隙率高， 质量好， 自重轻， 截面优化 。
在本发明中， 所谓 "紧密排列"的含义是， 相邻的减荷单体或者是减荷筏 片互相接触， 该接触方式可以为线接触、 面接触、 点接触。
本发明是通过以下方式实现的， 包括通过固定连接件固定于上层钢筋和下 层钢筋之间的减荷构件， 混凝土填充整个楼盖内减荷构件和钢筋之间以及减荷 构件之间的空隙，所述的减荷构件包括筒状、盒状或球状减荷单体中至少两种， 所述的减荷构件间隔或紧密排列。
本发明的技术方案的特点还有： 所述的减荷构件为减荷单体或者由减荷单 体紧密或间隔排列组成的减荷筏片； 所述的减荷筏片为筒状、 盒状或球状减荷 单体至少两种组合的混合式减荷筏片； 所述的减荷筏片为筒状、 盒状或球状减 荷单体单独组合的筒式减荷筏片、 盒式减荷筏片或球式减荷筏片； 所述的减荷 构件位于楼盖内梁或暗梁分割的区域内； 所述的减荷构件设有支撑垫块； 所述. 的减荷筏片通过固定件将减荷单体连接或者通过胶凝材料粘结连接。
本发明的技术方案的特点还有，当所述的减荷筏片的长、宽大于等于 600画 时， 在减荷筏片上设有挠注口或浇注槽； 所述的浇注口或浇注槽为开设在减荷 单体上或由减荷单体组合； 所述的楼盖为单向板或双向板或连续单向板或连续 双向板， 或者为密肋梁楼盖或无梁楼盖， 或者为非预应力楼盖或预应力楼盖， ' 或者为无粘结预应力楼盖或有粘结预应力楼盖； 所述的减荷单体为薄壁硬质空 心体或轻质泡沫体或充气囊。
本发明的组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖的施工方法包括两大步骤， .具体如 下：
( 1 )支模铺设步骤- 先支侧模底模， 在底模上铺设下层钢筋或钢筋网片， 绑扎梁、 肋梁钢筋； 安置预埋水电暖及通风管线， 预埋水平管线应根据管径大小尽量布置在梁或肋 梁处； 然后铺设垫块， 安放和定位减荷构件； 用固定连接件将所述的减荷构件 固定在下层有可靠拉结的钢筋或者模板下的支撑结构上； 铺设绑扎上层钢筋或 钢筋网片；
(2 )浇注步骤：
按次序、方向， 先后分层浇注振捣混凝土， 首先通过梁、肋梁钢筋空隙， 浇 注口或浇注槽，浇注振捣下层混凝土，并观察确认下层混凝土浇注充盈密实后， 用混凝土或轻质材料进行填充封堵浇注口或浇注槽， 然后， 浇注上层混凝土； . 混凝土填充减荷构件和钢筋之间以及减荷构件和减荷构件之间的空隙并振捣密. 实， 刮平抹平至设计厚度； 养护至强度达到设计要求龄期、 拆模， 得到本发明 的楼盖产品。 .
本发明的有益效果可以通过对上述的描述得到， 减荷构件采用筒状、 盒状 或球状减荷单体中至少两种， 在一块楼盖中使用上述至少两种减荷单体， 减荷 单体的排列也可以根据需要灵活布置， 进行间隔或者紧密排列， 根据需要在不 同的区域灵活布置， 进行区域式、 阵列式或放射状等的排列， 还可以不同结构 形式的减荷单体交错排列，实现了不同结构形式的减荷单体的优良性能的结合， 优化截面， 使得楼盖的双向受力情况优良， 又能够进一步增大孔隙率。 减荷构 件还可以为由减荷单体紧密或间隔排列组成的减荷筏片， 该减荷筏片可以是上 述三种结构的减荷单体的至少两种组合的混合筏片， 也可以是各种单体的单独 组合筏片， 减荷筏片通过固定件将减荷单体连接或者通过胶凝材料粘结连接， 筏片中的减荷单体排布方式灵活， 筏片的组合形式灵活， 形成.的组合筏片在楼 盖中的排列方式灵活多样， 楼盖中减荷构件的布置就更加的灵活多样， 可以为. 不同结构的减荷单体进行组合， 减荷单体与组合筏片的组合， 组合筏片与组合 筏片组合，组合筏片又可以为混合组合筏片和单独结构的减荷构件组合的筏片， 所述的组合又可以为不同结构形式的减荷单体互相组合， 所述的减荷单体的截 面形状也可以灵活多样， 这样搂盖中减荷构件的形式和布置可以根据需要多种 多样， 形成的楼盖的截面形状多样， 受力均匀。 当所述的减荷筏片的长、 宽大 于等于 600mm时， 在减荷筏片上设有浇注口或浇注槽， 该浇注口或浇注槽还可 以作为观察孔、 透气孔和排气孔，.保证了大孔隙率情况下混凝土的浇注质量， · 方便操作，浇注口或浇注槽为开设在减荷单体上或由减荷单体组合，布置方便， 形式灵活多样。 楼盖还可以根据需要设置支撑垫块。 该楼盖可以为单向板或双 向板或连续单向板或连续双向板， 或者为密肋梁楼盖或无梁楼盖， 或者为非预 应力楼盖或预应力楼盖， 或者为无粘结预应力楼盖或有粘结预应力楼盖， 根据. 需要， 形式灵活多样。 总之， 本发明的褛盖， 满足楼盖受力要求， 并且节约混 凝土用量， 减轻建筑结构自重， 增大楼盖的空隙率， 降低工程造价； 还可较方 便地实现人性化的隔断， 增大使用面积； 在保证使用净空高度的条件下， 可降 低结构层高， 由此可见， 本发明具备突出的实质性特点和显著的进步。
附图说明
图 1为本发明结构示意图；
图 2为本发明另一结构示意图；
图 3为本发明的另一结构示意图；
图 4为本发明的另一结构示意图；
其中， 1为固定连接件， 2为筒状减荷单体， 3为盒状减荷单体， 4为下层 钢筋， 5为上层钢筋， 6为球状减荷单体， 7为梁或暗梁或肋， 8为浇注口或浇 注槽， 9为固定件， 10为支撑垫块。
具体实施方式 下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行详细的说明。
从图 1、 图 2、 图 3可以看出， 本发明的现浇空心楼盖， 包括通过固定连接 件 1固定于上层钢筋 5和下层钢筋 4之间的减荷构件， 混凝土填充整个楼盖内' 减荷构件和钢筋之间以及减荷构件之间的空隙， 所述的减荷构件包括筒状、 盒 状或球状减荷单体中至少两种， 所述的减荷构件间隔或紧密排列。 楼盖中的减 荷构件为筒状减荷单体 2、 盒状减荷单体 3或球状减荷单体 6的两两组合或者 三种的组合， 排列方式可以为区域式、 射线状或阵列式等交错排列。 ， 本发明的现浇空心楼盖的减荷构件为减荷单体或者由减荷单体紧密或间隔 排列组成的减荷筏片， 减荷筏片可以为减荷单体单独组合的筒式减荷筏片、 盒 式减荷筏片或球式减荷筏片， 或者是筒状、 盒状或球状减荷单体至少两种组合 的混合式减荷筏片， 减荷筏片通过固定件 9将减荷单体连接或者通过胶凝材料 粘结连接， 所述的固定件 9可以为钢筋箍或打包带或铁丝或强力胶带， 或通过 水泥等凝胶材料进行粘结连接。在施工前可以预先将减荷单体组合为减荷筏片， 便于施工， 提高工作效率。 在组合筏片的间隙及凹槽可用胶凝材料或轻质材料 进行填充， 或者进行端头封堵， 更利于增大填充物体积， 优化截面。
从图 1可以看出本发明的现浇空心楼盖的减荷构件位于楼盖内梁或暗梁 7 分割的区域内； 减荷构件还可以设有支撑垫块 10， 该支撑垫块 10可以为方钢 管、 水泥块或混凝土块， 便于浇注。
从图 2可以看出， 当所述的减荷筏片的长、 宽大于等于 600mm时， 在减荷 筏片上设有浇注口或浇注槽 8， 该浇注口或浇注槽的功能多样， 可以为观察孔、 透气孔和排气孔， 即满足工程施工要求， 又便于施工操作。 浇注口或浇注槽 8 的形式为开设在减荷单体上或由减荷单体组合， 比如： 两根筒状减荷单体 2端 头处构成的间距空间或者为开设在并径向贯穿筒状减荷单体 2的通孔或者为球 状减荷单体 6四个进行组合形成， 可在通孔中加套管与筒腔进行封闭， 同样筒 状减荷单体） 的端头处也为封闭状态， 防止浇注混凝土进入空腔。 浇注口或浇 注槽的尺寸不小于 80mmx80mm或直径不小于 80mm，浇注口或浇注槽 8在浇注后 可用混凝土或轻质材料填充封堵。 , 本发明的现浇空心楼盖， 为单向板或双向板或连续单向板或连续双向板， 或者为密肋梁楼盖或无梁楼盖， 或者为非预应力楼盖或预应力楼盖， 或者为无 粘结预应力楼盖或有粘结预应力楼盖。
本发明所述的减荷单体为薄壁硬质空心体或轻质泡沬体或充气囊， 材料可, 以是金属， 水泥， 塑料， 硬纸等， 截面形状多样， 对于筒状减荷单体可以为圆 形、 矩形、 菱形、 椭圆形、 折线形、 圆弧与矩形组合、 不等径圆弧组合图形、 圆弧与折线组合， 筒式组合筏片也可以为不同截面形状进行相互组合。
减荷构件的放置根据所在区域的受力的情况进行布置， 其布置方向荽与板 内弯矩较大的方向一致。 ' 本发明的施工方法分为两大步骤：
( 1 )支模铺设步骤：
先支侧模底模， 在底模上铺设下层钢筋或钢筋网片， 绑扎梁、 肋梁钢筋； ' 安置预埋水电暖及通风管线； 然后铺设垫块， 安放和定位减荷构件； 用铁丝或' 铁丝网将所述的减荷构件固定在下层有可靠拉结的钢筋或者模板下的支撑结构 上； 铺设绑扎上层钢筋或钢筋网片；
对跨度较大的现浇楼盖， 其模板应按设计要求起拱； 预埋水平管线应根据 管径大小尽量布置在暗梁处或密肋梁间；减荷构件安放过程中要随时铺设架板，. 对钢筋、 减荷构件成品进行保护； 减荷构件的安放和预留工作全部完成后铺设 面筋， 并与肋钢筋进行绑扎； 减荷构件安放完毕， 面筋绑扎后， 为防止面筋与 减荷构件直接接触， 还可以在纵横面筋的交叉点放置垫块在交叉点与减荷构件 之间； 抗浮措施一般设抗浮点， 抗浮点的距离可以为纵橫每隔 1500 ram— 2000 mm,- 施工过程中， 安装工程的预留预埋工作必须与钢筋绑扎、 减荷构件的安放 等工序交叉平行进行；
(2)浇注步骤：
按次序、 方向， 先后分层浇注振捣混凝土， 首先通过梁、 肋梁钢 空隙， 浇注口或浇注槽， .浇注振捣下层混凝土， 并观察确认下层混凝土浇注充盈崈实 后， 用混凝土或轻质材料进行填充封堵浇注口或浇注槽， 然后， 浇注上层混凝 土； 混凝土填充减荷构件和钢筋之间以及减荷构件之间的空隙并振捣密实， 刮 平抹平至设计厚度； 养护至强度达到设计要求龄期、 拆模， 得到本发明的楼盖' 广品。
混凝土浇注宜采用泵送， 一次侥注成型， 、浇注推进方向沿肋梁轴线方向或 浇注口或浇注槽循序渐进地进行， 混凝土卸料应均匀， 防止堆积过高而损坏减 荷构件， 利用振动的作用范围， 使混凝土挤进减荷构件底部， 保证下层混凝土. 砂浆渗入和肋梁的密实， 对于浇注口或浇注槽可以用轻质材料进行封堵或者通 过绕注上层混凝土使得混凝土填充浇注口或浇注槽， 形成有力的支撑结构， 增 强楼盖受力情况。
本发明未经描述的技术特征可以通过现有技术实现， 当然， 上述说明并非 是对本发明的限制， 本发明也并不仅限于上述举例， 本技术领域的普通技术人 员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、 改型、 添加或替换， 也应属于本发明 的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求
1.一种组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖， 包括通过固定连接件固定于上层钢. 筋和下层钢筋之间的减荷构件， 混凝土填充整个楼盖内减荷构件和钢筋之间以 及减荷构件之间的空隙， 其特征在于： 所述的减荷枸件包括筒状、 盒状或球状 减荷单体中至少两种， 所述的减荷构件间隔或紧密排列。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖， 其特征在于： 所 述的减荷构件为减荷单体或者由减荷单体紧密或间隔排列组成的减荷筏片。 '
3.根据权利要求 2所述的组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖， 其特征在于： 所 述的减荷筏片为筒状、 盒状或球状减荷单体至少两种组合的混合式减荷筏片。
4.根据权利要求 2所述的组合式减荷构件现侥空心楼盖， 其特征在于： 所 述的减荷筏片为筒状、 盒状或球状减荷单体单独组合的筒式减荷筏片、 盒式减 荷筏片或球式减荷筏片。 ·
5.根据权利要求 1所述的组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖， 其特征在于： 所 述的减荷构件位于楼盖内梁或暗梁分割的区域内。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖， 其特征在于： 所 述的减荷构件设有支撑垫块。 '
7.根据权利要求 2或 3或 4所述的组合式减荷枸件现浇空心楼盖， 其特征 在于:所述的减荷筏片通过固定件将减荷单体连接或者通过胶凝材料粘结连接。
8.根据权利要求 2或 3或 4所述的组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖， 其特征 在于： 当所述的减荷筏片的长、 宽大于等于 600mm时， 在减荷筏片上设有浇注 口或浇注槽。 '
9.根据权利要求 8所述的组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖， 其特征在于： 所 述的浇注口或浇注槽为开设在减荷单体上或由减荷单体组合。
10.根据权利要求 1所述的组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖，其特征在于：所 述的减荷单体为薄壁硬质空心体或轻质泡沬体或充气囊。
11.一种如权利要求 1所述的组合式减荷构件现浇空心楼盖的施工方法，其. 特征在于： .
( 1) 支模铺设步骤 ·.
先支侧模底模， 在底模上铺设下层钢筋或钢筋网片， 绑扎梁、 肋梁钢筋； 安置预埋水电暖及通风管线， 预埋水平管线应根据管径大小尽量布置在梁或肋 梁处； 然后铺设垫块， 安放和定位减荷构件； 用固定连接件将所述的减荷构件' 固定在下层有可靠拉结的钢筋或者模板下的支撑结构上； 铺设绑扎上层钢筋或 钢筋网片；
(2)浇注步骤- 按次序、方向， 先后分层浇注振捣混凝土， 首先通过梁、肋梁钢筋空隙， 浇 注口或浇注槽，浇注振捣下层混凝土，并观察确认下层混凝土浇注充盈密实后， 用混凝土或轻质材料进行填充封堵浇注口或浇注槽， 然后， 浇注上层混凝土； 混凝土填充减荷构件和钢筋之间以及减荷构件和减荷构件之间的空隙并振捣密 实， 刮平抹平至设计厚度； 养护至强度达到设计要求龄期、 拆模， 得到本发明 的楼盖产品。
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