WO2010003349A1 - 一种高强度铸造铝合金材料 - Google Patents

一种高强度铸造铝合金材料 Download PDF

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WO2010003349A1
WO2010003349A1 PCT/CN2009/072603 CN2009072603W WO2010003349A1 WO 2010003349 A1 WO2010003349 A1 WO 2010003349A1 CN 2009072603 W CN2009072603 W CN 2009072603W WO 2010003349 A1 WO2010003349 A1 WO 2010003349A1
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rare earth
alloy material
alloy
aluminum alloy
strength
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PCT/CN2009/072603
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English (en)
French (fr)
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车云
卢锦德
张中可
张德恩
张晓燕
燕光谱
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贵州铝厂
贵州大学
贵州科学院
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Priority claimed from CN2008103026703A external-priority patent/CN101319287B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2008103026718A external-priority patent/CN101363094B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2008103026686A external-priority patent/CN101363092B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2008103026690A external-priority patent/CN101363093B/zh
Application filed by 贵州铝厂, 贵州大学, 贵州科学院 filed Critical 贵州铝厂
Priority to CA2729251A priority Critical patent/CA2729251C/en
Priority to EP09793824.5A priority patent/EP2298947B1/en
Priority to JP2011516953A priority patent/JP2011526967A/ja
Priority to US13/001,782 priority patent/US20110176957A1/en
Publication of WO2010003349A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010003349A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/057Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum alloy material, in particular to a high strength cast aluminum alloy material. Background technique
  • Aluminum alloy is a younger metal material that was only used in industrial applications in the early 20th century.
  • Second World War aluminum was mainly used to make military aircraft.
  • the aluminum industry began to develop civilian aluminum alloys, expanding its application range from the aviation industry to the construction industry, container packaging, transportation, power and electronics industries.
  • Various sectors of the national economy, such as machinery manufacturing and petrochemicals are applied to people's daily lives.
  • aluminum is used in a wide range and is second only to steel and is the second largest metal material.
  • the development of aluminum alloys dates back to 1906. The aging strengthening phenomenon was discovered by Alfred Wilm in Berlin, and the hard aluminum Duralumin was successfully developed and used on aircraft structural parts.
  • the 1974 204.0 aluminum alloy is equivalent to A-U5GT; 201.0
  • the trade name of (AlCu4AgMgMn) is KO-l (ASTMB26/B26(M) - 1999, tensile strength T7 state is 415Mpa, elongation 3%), protected by US patents, and the composition contains Ag (0.4 -1.0), cost high.
  • Russia's BAJI10 main element is equivalent to the domestic ZL204, but the addition of trace elements is confidential and is only used in military or other demanding areas.
  • ZL204A has a tensile strength T5 of 435 MPa
  • T6 is 465 MPa (GB/Tl 173-1995
  • ZL205A (T6) has a tensile strength of 470 MPa).
  • T5 has good plasticity and elongation of 7%.
  • the alloy has been widely used in China's aviation and aerospace fields, but its composition contains V precious metal elements, which are expensive; at the same time, it needs to use refined aluminum or high purity.
  • Aluminum is used as a base metal, which not only increases the cost, but also limits the supply of raw materials.
  • Lu Jie Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, developed an aluminum alloy similar to the main component of ZL205 A, but the trace elements contained 0.1%-0.25% V, and the tensile strength was between 385-405Mpa and the elongation was 19 % ⁇ 23%, only reported in the literature, and the tensile strength is slightly lower, the raw material contains expensive V.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the high-cost formula existing in the field of high-strength cast aluminum alloy has low strength, poor castability, short fatigue life, poor resistance to stress corrosion, etc., by optimizing common element formula and casting and purifying. And other processes, the development of high strength, high toughness and high corrosion resistance of military and civilian cast aluminum alloy materials.
  • the present invention provides a high strength cast aluminum alloy material, which has a composition of Cu 2.0 to 6.0%, Mn 0.05 to 1.0%, Ti 0.01 to 0.5%, Cr 0.01 to 0.2% by weight percent. , Cd0.01 ⁇ 0.4%, Zr 0.01-0.25%, B0.005 ⁇ 0.04%, rare earth element 0.05 ⁇ 0.3 ⁇ / ⁇ , the rest are ⁇ 1 and trace impurity elements.
  • the rare earth element is Pr, Ce, La or a mixed rare earth RE.
  • the total amount of the various rare earths contained in the mixed rare earth RE is not less than 98% by weight based on the total weight of the mixed rare earth RE.
  • the mixed rare earth RE contains 40 to 50% by weight of ruthenium (based on the total weight of the mixed rare earth RE).
  • the preparation method of the high-strength cast aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the high-strength cast aluminum alloy material 1 was found through the New Center of the Southwest Information Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology. The conclusion is: "The development and industrialization of the new high-strength cast-cast aluminum alloy using the elemental composition of the project to achieve the parameters", domestic No literature has been reported outside. "The intellectual property rights and research results of this subject will not cause disputes and conflicts.
  • composition and performance parameters of the new materials The following table compares the mechanical properties of some Al-Cu alloys with the high-strength cast aluminum alloys.
  • the alloy composition is Cu2.0 ⁇ 6.0%, Mn0.05 ⁇ 1.0%, Ti0.01 ⁇ 0.5%, Cr0.01 ⁇ 0.2%, Cd0.01 ⁇ 0.4%, Zr 0.01-% by weight. 0.25%, B0.005 ⁇ 0.04%, rare earth element Pr, Ce, La or mixed rare earth RE 0.05 ⁇ 0.3%, and the rest are Al and trace impurity elements.
  • the total amount of the various rare earths contained in the mixed rare earth RE is not less than 98%, and the cerium content in the mixed rare earth RE is 45% by weight. (Since the ionic radius, oxidation state and all other elements of rare earth elements are similar, they are often symbiotic with other elements in minerals.)

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

一种高强度铸造铝合金材料 技术领域
本发明涉及一种铝合金材料, 具体来说是一种高强度铸造铝合金材料。 背景技术
铝合金是一种较年轻的金属材料,在 20世纪初才开始工业应用。第二次世界 大战期间, 铝材主要用于制造军用飞机。 战后, 由于军事工业对铝材的需求量骤 减, 铝工业界便着手开发民用铝合金, 使其应用范围由航空工业扩展到建筑业、 容器包装业、 交通运输业、 电力和电子工业、机械制造业和石油化工等国民经济 各部门, 应用到人们的日常生活当中。 现在, 铝材的用量之多, 范围之广, 仅次 于钢铁,成为第二大金属材料。铝合金的发展可追溯到 1906年时效强化现象在柏 林被 Alfred Wilm偶然发现, 硬铝 Duralumin、 随之研制成功并用于飞机结构件上。 在此基础上随后开发出多种 Al-Cu系合金。 法国于 20世纪初研制成功 A-U5GT ((W)si<0.05 , (W)Fe≤0.10%)铝合金,抗拉强度(T4)≥275Mpa、 SAEJ452-1989), 投入生产应用, 已列入法国国家标准和宇航标准; 美国铝协会牌号 201.0(1968年) 和 206.0(1967年)合金都是在 A-U5GT基础上经改进而形成的, 1974年的 204.0铝合 金等同于 A-U5GT; 201.0(AlCu4AgMgMn)的商业名称是 KO-l(ASTMB26/B26(M) - 1999, 抗拉强度 T7状态为 415Mpa, 延伸率 3%), 受美国专利保护, 且成分含 Ag(0.4 -1.0 ), 成本高。 俄罗斯 BAJI10主元素成分相当于国内的 ZL204, 但添 加微量元素保密, 仅用于军事或其他要求高的领域。
我国研制了 ZL204A、 ZL205A等铸造用铝合金牌号, ZL204A T5状态值下抗 拉强度 440Mpa, δ5〉4%, 但该合金在 Al-Cu系铸造合金中流动性最差, 抗热裂性 最差。 按技术标准 (GB1173-86)规定, ZL205A的抗拉强度 T5状态为 435Mpa, T6 状态下为 465Mpa(GB/Tl 173-1995标准, ZL205A(T6)的抗拉强度为 470 Mpa), 是 目前世界上强度最高的铸造铝合金材料之一。 ZL205A (T5 ) 的塑性好, 伸长率 可达 7%, 该合金已在我国航空、航天领域得到广泛应用, 但其成分含有 V贵重金 属元素, 价格高昂; 同时, 需用精铝或高纯铝作基体金属, 不但增加成本, 原料 供应也受限制。 另外, 在 ZL205A基础上加入 RE研制了 ZL209, 仍受添加 V元素 成本高的限制。 北京航空材料研究院吕杰等研制出一种与 ZL205 A主成分相近的 铝合金, 但微量元素中含有 0.1%-0.25%V,其抗拉强度在 385-405Mpa之间、 伸长 率达 19 %〜23 %, 仅见文献研究报道, 且抗拉强度稍低, 原材料含有价格昂贵的 V。
综上所述, 可知目前国内外在高强度铸造铝合金领域研究中存在的问题有: 强度不够高, 极少有高于 450Mpa的铸造铝合金; 配方中普遍加入了千分之一以 上的贵金属和稀有元素 (银、 钒、 铍等), 且基体金属多采用高纯级铝, 成本高, 原料来源受限, 难以在民用领域推广应用; 未能解决强塑比问题, 合金强度与可 铸性的矛盾突出; 疲劳寿命短, 抗应力腐蚀性差。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对目前高强度铸造铝合金领域存在的高成 本配方, 强度低, 可铸性差, 疲劳寿命短, 抗应力腐蚀性差等技术难题, 通过优 选普通元素配方和熔铸、净化等工艺,研制出高强高韧高抗蚀性的军民两用铸造 铝合金材料。
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种高强度铸造铝合金材料,按重量百分 比计, 该合金成分为 Cu 2.0〜6.0%, Mn 0.05〜1.0%, Ti 0.01〜0.5%, Cr 0.01— 0.2%, Cd0.01 ~0.4%, Zr 0.01—0.25%, B0.005~0.04%, 稀土元素 0.05〜0.3ο/ο, 其余为 Α1及微量杂质元素。
稀土元素为 Pr、 Ce、 La或混合稀土 RE。
混合稀土 RE中所含的各种稀土的总量不小于 98重量% (以混合稀土 RE的总 重量为基准) 。
混合稀土 RE含 40〜50重量%的铈 (以混合稀土 RE的总重量为基准) 。
该高强度铸造铝合金材料的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)往熔炼炉中加入适量的铝锭或熔融铝液, 加热使之完全融化并在 660〜
850 °C下保温;
(2)再按配方比例先加入 Cu、 Mn合金元素搅拌均匀后再加入 Ti、 Cr 、 Cd、 Zr、 B、 稀土元素 Pr、 Ce、 La或混合稀土 RE微量元素, 搅拌均匀;
(3)然后对上述合金熔体进行炉内精炼; 往合金熔体中加入精炼剂 (可根据不 同工况采用氯气、 六氯乙烷、 氯化锰等作为精炼剂), 并搅拌均匀, 同时为防止 熔体吸入水份和烧损, 熔体精炼应尽可能在封闭环境中操作;
(4)合金液倾倒出炉, 在线过滤、 除气、 除渣处理;
(5)金属型铸造;
(6)最后在进行 620°C以下、 72小时以内的固溶析出强韧化热处理。
与现有技术相比, 本发明具有如下优点:
(1)先进的合金成分设计及微合金化设计。 在 Al-Cu-Mn主成分的基础, 找到 了合理的微合金元素 (Ti、 Cr 、 B、 Zr、 稀土元素 Pr、 Ce、 La和混合稀土等) 并 确定其成分范围, 能够实现替代贵重稀有金属 Ag、 V等的作用, 降低了配方成本 5〜10%。
(2)先进的熔炼除杂技术,有效破解了除杂的技术瓶颈, 使材料的抗拉强度大 于 450Mpa, 同时延伸率大于 5%。
(3)在保持高强度的同时能明显提高其塑性的方法。
本高强度铸造铝合金材料 1经科技部西南信息中心查新中心查新结论为:"采 用本项目所述元素成分达到所述参数的'新型高强度铸造铸造铝合金研发及产业 化', 国内外未见文献报道。 "该课题知识产权和研究成果不会产生纠纷和冲突。
新材料的组成及性能参数表征: 下表为部分 Al-Cu合金国家标准力学性能与 本高强度铸造铝合金材料的对比。
Al-Cu合金国家标准力学性着 GB/T1173-1995)与萵强度铸造 ΐ吕合金材料 1的对比 合金脾号 合金代号 热处理 抗拉强度 0 t/HPa 断后伸长率 (%) 状态
ZAICuSMn ZL201 Τ5 335 4
ZAICuSMnA ZL201A Τ5 390 8
ZAICulO ZL202 Τ6 163 ―
ZAlCu4 ZL203 Τ5 225 3
ZAICuSmnCdA ZL204A Τ5 440 4
Τ5 440 7
ZAlCu5 nCdVA ZL205A Τ6 470 3
Τ7 460 2
ZAlEE5Cu3Si2 ZL207 T1 175 ―
AlCu4AgIgMn 201. 0 Τ7 415 3
AlCu4HgTi (it) 206. 0 Τ4 275 8 除 Al、 Cu外, 其余未 最差 4 (对]^ ΜΑΧ σ J,
(俄) BAJ110 Τ4-Τ7 最高 500, w 3Ξ0 知 最忧 12 (吋应 。 J
AlCuIlnTiQCdZrBRE 新型高强 ^D
450 5 韧 1 ¾73ι 具体实施方式
实施例: 按重量百分比计, 该合金成分为 Cu2.0〜6.0%, Mn0.05〜1.0%, Ti0.01〜0.5%, Cr0.01〜0.2%, Cd0.01〜0.4%, Zr 0.01—0.25%, B0.005〜0.04%, 稀土元素 Pr、 Ce、 La或混合稀土 RE0.05〜0.3%, 其余为 Al及微量杂质元素。
混合稀土 RE中所含的各种稀土的总量不小于 98%, 混合稀土 RE中的铈含量 按重量百分比计为 45%。 (由于稀土元素的离子半径、 氧化态和所有其它元素都 近似, 因此在矿物中它们常与其它元素一起共生。 )
(1)往熔炼炉中加入适量的铝锭或熔融铝液, 加热使之完全融化并在 660〜 850 °C下保温;
(2)再按配方比例先加入 Cu、 Mn合金元素搅拌均匀后再加入 Ti、 Cr、 Cd、 Zr、 B、 稀土元素 Pr、 Ce、 La或 RE微量元素, 搅拌均匀;
(3)然后对上述合金熔体进行炉内精炼; 往合金熔体中加入精炼剂 (可根据不 同工况采用氯气、 六氯乙烷、 氯化锰等作为精炼剂), 并搅拌均匀, 同时为防止 熔体吸入水份和烧损, 熔体精炼应尽可能在封闭环境中操作;
(4)合金液倾倒出炉, 在线过滤、 除气、 除渣处理;
(5)金属型铸造;
(6)最后在进行 620°C以下、 72小时以内的固溶析出强韧化热处理。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种高强度铸造铝合金材料, 其特征在于: 按重量百分比计, 该合金的 成分为 Cu 2.0〜6.0%, Mn 0.05〜1.0%, Ti 0.01—0.5%, Cr 0.01—0.2%, Cd 0.01〜 0.4%, Zr 0.01—0.25%, B 0.005—0.04%, 稀土元素 0.05〜0.3%, 其余为 Al及微 量杂质元素。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的高强度铸造铝合金材料, 其特征在于: 稀土元素为 Pr、 Ce、 La或混合稀土 RE。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的高强度铸造铝合金材料, 其特征在于: 混合稀土 RE中所含的各种稀土的总量不小于 98重量%。
4、 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的高强度铸造铝合金材料, 其特征在于: 混合稀 土 RE中的铈含量为 40〜50重量%。
PCT/CN2009/072603 2008-07-09 2009-07-02 一种高强度铸造铝合金材料 WO2010003349A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2729251A CA2729251C (en) 2008-07-09 2009-07-02 High strength casting aluminum alloy material
EP09793824.5A EP2298947B1 (en) 2008-07-09 2009-07-02 High strength casting aluminium alloy material
JP2011516953A JP2011526967A (ja) 2008-07-09 2009-07-02 高強度鋳造用アルミニウム合金
US13/001,782 US20110176957A1 (en) 2008-07-09 2009-07-02 High strength casting aluminum alloy material

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2008103026703A CN101319287B (zh) 2008-07-09 2008-07-09 一种高强度铸造铝合金材料
CN200810302670.3 2008-07-09
CN200810302671.8 2008-07-09
CN2008103026718A CN101363094B (zh) 2008-07-09 2008-07-09 一种高强度铸造铝合金材料
CN200810302669.0 2008-07-09
CN200810302668.6 2008-07-09
CN2008103026686A CN101363092B (zh) 2008-07-09 2008-07-09 一种高强度铸造铝合金材料
CN2008103026690A CN101363093B (zh) 2008-07-09 2008-07-09 一种高强度铸造铝合金材料

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WO2019034837A1 (en) 2017-08-14 2019-02-21 Brunel University London METHOD FOR FORMING A CAST ALUMINUM ALLOY

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US9347558B2 (en) 2010-08-25 2016-05-24 Spirit Aerosystems, Inc. Wrought and cast aluminum alloy with improved resistance to mechanical property degradation
US10266933B2 (en) 2012-08-27 2019-04-23 Spirit Aerosystems, Inc. Aluminum-copper alloys with improved strength
CN103436743B (zh) * 2013-07-16 2015-08-26 安徽省天马泵阀集团有限公司 泵盖用高强度铸造铝合金材料及其制造方法
CN112951474A (zh) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-11 安徽阿尔泰克铝业材料科技有限公司 一种航空航天电缆用铝合金导体
CN114277293B (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-07-26 山西汤荣机械制造股份有限公司 轻量化复合制动盘及其制备方法

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