WO2010002504A1 - Capteur/interrupteur de la qualité de l’air - Google Patents

Capteur/interrupteur de la qualité de l’air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010002504A1
WO2010002504A1 PCT/US2009/044124 US2009044124W WO2010002504A1 WO 2010002504 A1 WO2010002504 A1 WO 2010002504A1 US 2009044124 W US2009044124 W US 2009044124W WO 2010002504 A1 WO2010002504 A1 WO 2010002504A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
air quality
gas appliance
unsafe
appliance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2009/044124
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jon Bridgwater
Martin Yan
Original Assignee
Rh Peterson Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rh Peterson Company filed Critical Rh Peterson Company
Publication of WO2010002504A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010002504A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/80—Selection of a non-toxic gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to air quality detection systems, and in particular, to such systems that take action based on the air quality detected.
  • Gas appliances can generate unsafe levels of various gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), into the air.
  • gases need to be detected so that people within the air space do not get ill or suffer any other health-related problems. For example if a burner system in a gas appliance is not burning properly, unsafe levels of combustion by-products are released into the environment because of incomplete combustion.
  • a typical ODS pilot system includes an oxygen-sensitive pilot burner that regulates flame characteristics, a thermocouple positioned in the mantle of the pilot flame, and a safety shut-off valve.
  • the pilot flame is designed to be stable within a very narrow operating range.
  • the thermocouple responds to changes in the pilot flame characteristics and, when heated, generates a voltage, e.g., in the millivolt range, which keeps the gas supply valve in the open position.
  • Non-pilot light based systems such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,482,311, address some of the deficiencies of ODS pilot systems.
  • the system of the ⁇ 311 patent and known systems for automatic shut-off of a heating system based on carbon monoxide detection such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,793,296, do not go much beyond shutting off the system.
  • a sensor/detector fails, the system is no longer functional.
  • the system simply shuts off the heating system.
  • dangerous amounts of low oxygen may still be present.
  • an air quality sensor/interrupter includes an air quality sensor and a means of interrupting the operation of the appliance when a low air quality is detected.
  • a signal is sent to the shut-down mechanism to shut down the gas appliance.
  • the air quality sensor/interrupter is a device that measures air quality in a confined space, and if unsafe air is detected, shuts down the appliance (s) affecting the air in the monitored space.
  • the sensor may communicate to the interrupter or shut-down mechanism by a wired or a wireless system. Upon receipt of the signal, the interrupter will stop the flow of power, gas, or electricity to the heating element of the appliance (s) .
  • the interrupter may shut down only the heater or burner element of the system and allow the rest of the appliance to function, such as blowers and lights.
  • the appliance is not turned back on until the interrupter or system is reset, either by the user or automatically upon detection of "safe" air.
  • the air quality sensor/interrupter measures the actual air quality in the space and shuts down the appliance based on a detection of unsafe air, the present invention does not have many of the inherence problems of conventional ODS systems.
  • the system also activates an exhaust to clear away the unsafe air.
  • the exhaust may be a fan or any conventional exhaust device. Once the system is reset, either with a "safe" air detection or by the user, the exhaust is turned off.
  • the gas supply to appliances connected to the system will be shut off and an alarm will be activated to let the user know of the faulty device.
  • the system opens up the gas supply, assuming the air quality is safe.
  • the system may be equipped with a user-enabled bypass switch, which allows gas to flow to the appliances for operation. In one embodiment, when the bypass switch is enabled, the switch is only operational for a set period of time, such as 36 hours.
  • the gas supply is shut off again to the appliances, although the user may again trigger the bypass switch.
  • Such a mechanism enables the appliances to operate even without a functional sensor/interruptor, but does not allow continuous operation unless a functional sensor/interruptor is installed.
  • features of the present invention provide a safer detection and shut-off system, as unsafe air is automatically removed upon an unsafe air detection and the user is warned when the detection mechanism fails, while still allowing the connected appliances to operate.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an air quality detection/shut-down system according to one embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing steps for shutting down an appliance when unsafe air is detected according to one embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an air quality detection/shut-down system with an automated exhaust system according to one embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an air quality detection/shut-down system with a faulty detector warning system according to one embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing steps for removing unsafe air when unsafe air is detected and/or warning the user of a faulty detection mechanism.
  • a sensor is used to measure the quality of air in a room or area. If the measurement indicates unsafe air, a signal is sent to a shut-down device, which then shuts down the appliance or appliances in the monitored air space.
  • the sensor may employ one of several known technologies and products, such as electromechanical, semiconductor, catalytic bead, and zirconia lambda.
  • Suitable sensors or detectors include the TX-2000 Toxic Gas and OX-2000 Oxygen Intrinsically Safe series of detectors from Enmet Corporation of Ann Arbor, Michigan. These detectors are capable of continually monitoring toxic gases or oxygen and indicating when a certain gas is detected or a certain gas has reached a threshold, such as by an audio alarm or visual display.
  • Gases that can be monitored include, but may not be limited to chlorine (Cl 2 ) , carbon monoxide (CO) , hydrogen (H 2 ) , hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) , ammonia (NH 3 ) , nitrogen oxide (NO) , nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) , oxygen (O2) , and ozone (O3) .
  • a shut-down device or interrupter when the sensor detects low oxygen levels, such as at 18.0% or less, an alarm will sound and a signal will be sent to a shut-down device or interrupter.
  • the signal can be sent along a wired channel, such as along a wire, or through a wireless communication.
  • a wireless shut-down device is a RR-I or RR-IA remote system receiver and transmitter from the Robert H. Peterson Company, the City of Industry, California.
  • the RR-I or RR-IA system can be modified to act as transmitter and receiver grounding device.
  • the grounding circuit will activate or close and either directly ground the thermocouple/thermopile/battery or magnet power circuit. This would then result in the magnet/valve dropping out or shutting off, causing the gas appliance to shut down.
  • a remote transmitter may be activated to send a signal to a grounding system which would shut down the gas appliance .
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the just-described invention.
  • an air quality sensor and control system 100 is shown in use with a gas appliance 102.
  • Gas appliance 102 is shown as a gas log system, although any suitable gas appliance can be used with the present invention.
  • Gas appliance 102 is connected to a receiver 104, which operates to receive signals and in response to the signals, turn gas appliance 102 off or on.
  • Receiver 104 receives signals transmitted by a transmitter 106. Signals can be transmitted wireless or over a wired connection.
  • Receiver 104 and transmitter 106 are conventional components to a system, such as the Model # RR-I or RR-IA kit from the RH Peterson Co. of the City of Industry.
  • An oxygen sensor 108 is connected to transmitter 106.
  • the sensor may be located in the whole house or room area dependent on the sensitivity of the detector. Multiple detectors may be required in a whole house situation.
  • oxygen sensor 108 When oxygen sensor 108 detects low oxygen, e.g., 18.0% or lower, or a toxic gas, it sends a signal to transmitter 106. In response, transmitter 106 sends a turn-off signal to receiver 104. Receiver 104 then turns off gas appliance 102, such as by closing a hot lead/ground circuit 110 in gas appliance 102. In one embodiment, only the burner or gas supply is shut down, while leaving other components of the appliance functional. In other embodiments, all functions or components of the appliance are shut down upon receiving indication of low oxygen environment or toxic air quality.
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating steps for shutting down a gas appliance, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • step 200 the quality of the air proximate to the gas appliance is sensed or measured. Sensing can be with any conventional air quality sensor to detect oxygen levels in the air or to detect the presence of toxic gas.
  • step 202 a determination is made whether the air quality is safe. In one embodiment, unsafe air quality occurs when the oxygen level is approximately 18.0% or lower. If an unsafe air quality is detected, as determined in step 202, a signal is sent, in step 204, to a device or system for turning off the gas appliance.
  • the device or system may comprise of a transmitter/receiver pair or a single transceiver.
  • step 208 upon receipt of a signal indicating unsafe air quality, the gas appliance is shut down or turned off, either in whole or only specific parts, such as the gas burners. The gas appliance remains shut down until the quality of air is no longer unsafe.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an air quality detection/shut-down system 300 with an automated exhaust system according to one embodiment.
  • System 300 is the same as system 100 described above, but includes an exhaust system 302 in communication with receiver 104. Note that in other embodiments, exhaust system can be in communication directly with transmitter 106.
  • oxygen sensor 108 detects unsafe air
  • receiver 104 turns off the gas supply to gas appliance 102, as described above.
  • exhaust system 302 when oxygen sensor 108 detects unsafe air, exhaust system 302 also receives a signal, either through transmitter 106 or receiver 104. In response, exhaust system 302 removes the unsafe air surrounding sensor 108 and/or appliance 102. As a result, the corresponding surrounding area is made safe to humans, animals, or anything in contact with the area.
  • the exhaust system can be any conventional exhaust, including vacuum systems that suck in and/or filter the air and fan systems that blow out the unsafe air.
  • the exhaust systems may be activated upon immediate receipt of the unsafe air detection signal and may operate simultaneously with the appliance shut off system. However, simultaneous operation is not required.
  • system 300 resets itself.
  • System reset can be triggered in any number of ways, including when sensor 108 detects safe air again, the user manually resetting the system, or after the exhaust system has been operating for a specified period of time.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an air quality detection/shut-down system 400, in which an alarm system 402 and a bypass system 404 are in communication with sensor 108.
  • alarm system 402 when sensor 108 fails or otherwise becomes inoperative, such as accuracy falls below a set threshold, alarm system 402 notifies the user. Notification can be provided using various methods, including an audio alarm, a visual alarm, a combination of the two, and an automated message sent to a user's cell phone or computer. This gives the user instant notification for sensor failure, which minimizes the time required to fix or install a new sensor 108. As a result, the time that system 400 is not functioning properly can be greatly reduced. Note that when alarm system 402 is triggered, a signal is sent to transmitter 106 and/or receiver 104 to shut down gas to appliance 102 and any other connected appliances. These appliances remain shut down until sensor 108 is replaced or repaired.
  • bypass system 404 enables the user to manually bypass appliance shut down and start or maintain the flow of gas to appliance 102.
  • the bypass is only in effect for a specified period of time, such as 36 hours. Other periods of time may be set by the user, depending on system needs and uses. The user may continually restart the bypass system, but must do so no later than the specified period of time. This allows the system to continue functioning, but also requires the user to monitor the system as well. Consequently, a level of safety is maintained due to the necessity for user intervention.
  • alarm system 402 and/or bypass system 404 may be used in conjunction with exhaust system 302.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart 500 illustrating steps for operating the systems of Fig. 3 and 4 according to one embodiment.
  • step 502 a determination is made as to whether the air sensor is faulty. Faulty can mean that the sensor has failed or that its accuracy has dropped below a minimum threshold. If the air sensor is functioning properly, the air quality is sensed at step 200. Steps 200 to 208 are the same as in Fig. 2 and thus their description will not be repeated. However, if as determined in step 502 that the air sensor is faulty, a turn off signal is sent (step 204) and the appliance is turned off (step 208). Next, or simultaneously, an alarm is activated in step 504. Alarm activation may include a visual alarm, an audio alarm, a combination of the two, and/or a call sent to the user, such as via a cell phone or computer.
  • step 506 the user determines whether the appliances are to remain operational. If not, appliances remain shut off until a functional sensor is in place. However, if the appliances are to remain operational, a bypass is activated to resume or maintain gas flow to the appliance in step 508.
  • Step 510 determines whether the appliances have been operational more than a specified period of time after the bypass was activated. If so, the appliances are turned off at step 208. However, if the specified period of time has not passed, the user may activate the bypass again in step 508 to continue operation of the appliances . Once the air sensor has been repaired or replaced, normal operation resumes at step 200 with air quality sensing or detection.
  • the above enables the air sensor to be continually monitored for proper operation and for the appliances to be turned off in the event of air sensor failure.
  • the appliances can remain operational by a user bypass, although the bypass is only for a specified period of time, which can be continually reset by the user for uninterrupted operation.
  • step 512 after unsafe air is detected, an exhaust system is activated, which can be in response to the turn-off signal in step 204, to a separate signal from sensor 108, or to the appliance being turned off.
  • the exhaust system is deactivated when the air quality is detected to be safe or when the user deactivates the system.
  • step 512 can be performed in parallel with or before step 208 and does not need to sequentially follow step 208.
  • the exhaust system may remain activated until safe air is detected or when the user manually turns off the exhaust system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système capteur et interrupteur de la qualité de l’air comportant un capteur de la qualité de l’air pour mesurer la qualité de l’air autour d’un appareil à gaz et un dispositif d’arrêt pour éteindre le dispositif en réponse à un signal provenant du capteur indiquant de l’air insalubre. Un échappement peut également être activé pour éliminer l’air insalubre. L’air insalubre est indiqué par une mesure égale ou inférieure à 18,5% d’oxygène dans l’air. Si le capteur est défaillant, une alarme peut alerter l’utilisateur et l’appareil est stoppé jusqu’au remplacement ou la réparation du capteur. Une dérivation permet à l’utilisateur de maintenir l’appareil allumé, mais seulement pour une période de temps limitée. L’utilisateur peut continuer à utiliser la dérivation pour maintenir l’appareil allumé pour des périodes de temps prolongées.
PCT/US2009/044124 2008-05-23 2009-05-15 Capteur/interrupteur de la qualité de l’air WO2010002504A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/126,215 2008-05-23
US12/126,215 US20080220384A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2008-05-23 Air quality sensor/interruptor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010002504A1 true WO2010002504A1 (fr) 2010-01-07

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US (1) US20080220384A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010002504A1 (fr)

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