WO2010001118A1 - Chauffage électrique radiant - Google Patents

Chauffage électrique radiant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010001118A1
WO2010001118A1 PCT/GB2009/001647 GB2009001647W WO2010001118A1 WO 2010001118 A1 WO2010001118 A1 WO 2010001118A1 GB 2009001647 W GB2009001647 W GB 2009001647W WO 2010001118 A1 WO2010001118 A1 WO 2010001118A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heater
thermal insulation
insulation material
percent
weight
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2009/001647
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kevin Ronald Mcwilliams
Original Assignee
Ceramaspeed Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceramaspeed Limited filed Critical Ceramaspeed Limited
Priority to AT09772798T priority Critical patent/ATE540556T1/de
Priority to EP09772798A priority patent/EP2314131B1/fr
Priority to US12/737,279 priority patent/US20110262118A1/en
Priority to ES09772798T priority patent/ES2380124T3/es
Publication of WO2010001118A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010001118A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a radiant electric heater, and in particular to a radiant electric heater which incorporates two different types of thermal insulating material.
  • Radiant electric heaters for example for glass ceramic cooktops, operate at high temperatures, in the region of 1100 degrees Celsius. Maximum cooking performance is therefore achieved by using a thermal insulation material which has optimum characteristics in terms of thermal conductivity, infra-red reflectivity, electrical insulation and mechanical strength.
  • thermal insulation materials are costly and it is therefore desirable to use a minimum amount of such insulation in order to minimise overall cost.
  • a radiant electric heater for use with a glass ceramic cooktop which comprises a dish-like enclosure of highly porous inorganic material, such as vermiculite, together with a binder to provide a relatively low-performance thermal insulation material within which is provided a layer of a high-performance microporous thermal insulation material comprising a finely divided metal oxide, such as pyrogenic silica, optionally with an opacifier and/or an inorganic binder.
  • a circular opening is preferably provided in the base of the vermiculite enclosure which in practice reduces the amount of the vermiculite insulation material that is required.
  • a disadvantage of such a construction is that, while it may reduce the amount of one of the components, the component concerned is the relatively inexpensive vermiculite thermal insulating material and not the relatively expensive microporous thermal insulation material.
  • a radiant electric heater comprising:
  • a dish-shaped enclosure formed of a first thermal insulation material and having a base and a peripheral wall and at least one upwardly-extending protrusion formed in the base and defining a channel in the base within the peripheral wall;
  • the upper level of the upwardly-extending protrusion may not be higherthan the upper level of the peripheral wall and is preferably somewhat lower than the upper level of the peripheral wall.
  • the layer of the second thermal insulation material may be substantially annular in configuration, extending between the upwardly-extending protrusion and the peripheral wall.
  • the layer of the second thermal insulation material may be in the form of a narrow track which corresponds to the course of the heating element.
  • the first thermal insulation material may comprise a highly porous inorganic material which incorporates a high proportion of silicon dioxide.
  • the first thermal insulation material may not be microporous.
  • the first thermal insulation material may be selected from an expanded sheet silicate, such as vermiculite or mica, highly porous volcanic material, such as perlite or pumice, siliceous fossil earth, such as kieselguhr, or plant ash, such as rice ash or maize ash, or cementitious materials such as portland cement and quicklime, and mixtures thereof.
  • expanded sheet silicate such as vermiculite or mica
  • highly porous volcanic material such as perlite or pumice
  • siliceous fossil earth such as kieselguhr
  • plant ash such as rice ash or maize ash
  • cementitious materials such as portland cement and quicklime, and mixtures thereof.
  • the highly porous inorganic material is vermiculite.
  • the first thermal insulation material may include a binder, for example in an amount in the range from 0.01 to 40 percent by weight, preferably in the range from 10 to 30 percent by weight.
  • the binder may be selected from an aqueous phosphate solution, such as monoaluminium phosphate, a silicophosphate, an alkali metal water glass, or a silica sol, and mixtures thereof.
  • the second thermal insulation material may be compacted microporous thermal insulation.
  • the microporous thermal insulation material may comprise:
  • opacifier 0 to 50 weight percent opacifier; 0 to 50 weight percent reinforcing fibre; 0 - 15 weight percent inorganic binder.
  • the finely divided metal oxide may be silica and/or alumina.
  • the finely divided metal oxide may preferably be present in a range from 50 to 90 percent by weight.
  • the opacifier may be selected from titanium dioxide, such as rutile, ilmenite, silicon carbide, iron oxide, chromium dioxide, zirconium oxide, manganese dioxide, zirconium silicate and mixtures thereof.
  • the opacifier may preferably be present in a range from 20 to 50 percent by weight.
  • the reinforcing fibre may be selected from glass wool, glass fibres, aluminosilicate fibres, rock wool, ceramic fibres, such as of alumina and/or silica, and mixtures thereof.
  • the reinforcing fibre may preferably be present in a range from 5 to 20 percent by weight.
  • the inorganic binder may preferably be present in a range from 0 to 2 percent by weight.
  • the heating element may comprise a corrugated ribbon heating element partially embedded edgewise in the layer of the second thermal insulation material.
  • the heating element may comprise a coiled heating element secured to the layer of the second thermal insulation material, for example by means of staples.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view through one embodiment of a radiant electric heater according to the present invention.
  • FIG 2 is a view of part of another embodiment of a radiant electric heater according to the present invention.
  • the radiant electric heater shown in Figure 1 comprises a dish-shaped enclosure 1 which includes a base portion 3 and a peripheral wall 5.
  • the base portion 3 is continuous in that it has no apertures, however, it is not necessarily planar on its lower side, while on its upper side it has at least one upwardly-extending protrusion 7.
  • the upwardly-extending protrusion is arranged substantially centrally within the peripheral wall 5 and is generally circular in configuration, although as an alternative in a rectangular heater the protrusion 7 could also be substantially rectangular.
  • the upper level of the upwardly-extending protrusion 7 is not higher than the upper level of the peripheral wall 5 and in general is somewhat lower than the upper level of the peripheral wall. Consequently there is formed in the base portion 3 within the peripheral wall 5 a channel or trough 9 which in the illustrated embodiment is generally annular in configuration.
  • the dish-shaped enclosure 1 is made of an inorganic material which is highly porous and incorporates a high proportion of silicon dioxide, but which is not microporous.
  • suitable materials include, either alone or in combination, expanded sheet silicates, such as vermiculite and mica, highly porous volcanic materials, such as perlite and pumice, siliceous fossil earths, such as kieselguhr, and plant ashes, such as rice ash and maize ash, or cementitious materials such as portland cement or quicklime. Most preferable is expanded vermiculite without any additional highly porous inorganic material.
  • a binder is mixed with the highly porous inorganic material in an amount in the range from 0.01 to 40 percent by weight, preferably in the range from 10 to 30 percent by weight.
  • the binder may be, for example, one or more of an aqueous phosphate solution, such as monoaluminium phosphate, a silicophosphate, an alkali metal water glass, or silica sol.
  • a foaming agent such as powdered aluminium, sodium bicarbonate and/or flour can be used.
  • a microporous thermal insulation material is compacted into the trough 9 to provide an annular layer 11 of compacted microporous thermal insulation.
  • the thickness of the layer 11 is such that the upwardly-extending protrusion 7 and the peripheral wall 5 are at a higher level than the layer 11.
  • the microporous thermal insulation material is based on a microporous, finely divided metal oxide, for example of silica and/or alumina in an amount in the range from 30 to 100 percent by weight, preferably, 50 to 90 percent by weight.
  • a microporous, finely divided metal oxide for example of silica and/or alumina in an amount in the range from 30 to 100 percent by weight, preferably, 50 to 90 percent by weight.
  • an opacifier in an amount from 0 to 50 percent by weight, preferably, 20 to 50 percent by weight
  • a reinforcing fibre in an amount from 0 to 50 percent by weight, preferably from 5 to 20 percent by weight
  • an inorganic binder in an amount from 0 to 15 percent by weight, preferably from 0 to 2 percent by weight.
  • the finely divided metal oxide has a specific surface area, measured by the BET method, in the range from 50 to 700 m 2 /g, preferably 70 to 400 m 2 /g and ideally substantially 200 m 2 /g.
  • the finely divided metal oxide may be made by a pyrogenic process, by precipitation or may be an aerogel.
  • the infra-red opacifier may be, for example, one or more of titanium dioxide (such as rutile), ilmenite, silicon carbide, iron oxide, chromium dioxide, zirconium oxide, manganese dioxide or zirconium silicate.
  • the reinforcing fibre may be one or more of glass wool, glass fibres, aluminosilicate fibres, rock wool, or ceramic fibres, for example of alumina and/or silica.
  • a heating element 13 is mounted relative to the microporous layer 11. As illustrated, a corrugated ribbon heating element is partially embedded edgewise in the microporous layer. Alternatively, a coiled heating element may be secured to the microporous layer, for example with metal staples. Other forms of heating element are also possible.
  • the microporous layer 11 provides a layer of high-performance thermal insulation material in the region of the heating element to minimise conduction of heat into the heater and to reflect incident radiation from the surface of the layer 11 as illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 1.
  • the dish-shaped enclosure 1 provides a relatively inexpensive support for the layer 11 of microporous thermal insulation material, while the upwardly-extending protrusion 7 occupies a region within the peripheral wall 5 where there is no heating element 13 and therefore reduces the extent of the microporous layer 11 and consequently reduces the overall cost of the radiant electric heater.
  • the radiant electric heater illustrated in relation to Figure 2 develops the concept of Figure 1 and the same references are used to denote the same or similar components.
  • the tracks may each be independent with a separate heating element for each track, or they may be arcuate but interconnected in a radial direction with one or more heating elements passing from the periphery towards the centre of the heater and back again by way of the radial interconnections, or a single spiral track may be provided which conducts one or more heating elements from the periphery of the heater towards the centre and back again along the spiral track.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Ovens (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un chauffage électrique radiant comprenant une enceinte (1) en forme de disque composée d’un premier matériau thermo-isolant et ayant une base (3) et une paroi périphérique (5) et au moins une saillie (7) s’étendant vers le haut formée dans la base et définissant un canal (9) dans la base à l’intérieur de la paroi périphérique. Une couche (11) d’un second matériau thermo-isolant, ayant des propriétés d’isolation thermique supérieures à celles du premier matériau thermo-isolant est ménagée dans le canal. Un élément de chauffage électrique radiant (13) est disposé sur ou dans la couche du second matériau thermo-isolant.
PCT/GB2009/001647 2008-07-01 2009-07-01 Chauffage électrique radiant WO2010001118A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT09772798T ATE540556T1 (de) 2008-07-07 2009-07-01 Elektrischer strahlungsheizer
EP09772798A EP2314131B1 (fr) 2008-07-07 2009-07-01 Chauffage électrique radiant
US12/737,279 US20110262118A1 (en) 2008-07-01 2009-07-01 Radiant electric heater
ES09772798T ES2380124T3 (es) 2008-07-01 2009-07-01 Calentador eléctrico radiante

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0811980.2 2008-07-01
GBGB0811980.2A GB0811980D0 (en) 2008-07-07 2008-07-07 Radiant electric heater

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010001118A1 true WO2010001118A1 (fr) 2010-01-07

Family

ID=39683419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2009/001647 WO2010001118A1 (fr) 2008-07-01 2009-07-01 Chauffage électrique radiant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20110262118A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2314131B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE540556T1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2380124T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB0811980D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010001118A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014072881A1 (fr) 2012-11-08 2014-05-15 Pfizer Inc. Composés hétéroaromatiques et leur utilisation comme ligands de la dopamine d1
CN104113511A (zh) * 2013-04-17 2014-10-22 中国移动通信集团公司 一种接入ims网络的方法、系统及相关装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US11820206B2 (en) * 2021-01-13 2023-11-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Climate control device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0644707A1 (fr) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-22 Wacker-Chemie GmbH Elément de chauffage par radiation, en particulier pour une plaque vitrocéramique
US5532458A (en) 1993-09-17 1996-07-02 Wacker-Chemie Gmbh Radiant heater, in particular, for heating a glass-ceramic hot plate
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014072881A1 (fr) 2012-11-08 2014-05-15 Pfizer Inc. Composés hétéroaromatiques et leur utilisation comme ligands de la dopamine d1
CN104113511A (zh) * 2013-04-17 2014-10-22 中国移动通信集团公司 一种接入ims网络的方法、系统及相关装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2314131A1 (fr) 2011-04-27
GB0811980D0 (en) 2008-07-30
ES2380124T3 (es) 2012-05-08
ATE540556T1 (de) 2012-01-15
EP2314131B1 (fr) 2012-01-04
US20110262118A1 (en) 2011-10-27

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