WO2009149593A1 - 用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器 - Google Patents
用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009149593A1 WO2009149593A1 PCT/CN2008/002140 CN2008002140W WO2009149593A1 WO 2009149593 A1 WO2009149593 A1 WO 2009149593A1 CN 2008002140 W CN2008002140 W CN 2008002140W WO 2009149593 A1 WO2009149593 A1 WO 2009149593A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/29—Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beam; Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
- G01T1/2914—Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
- G01T1/2921—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions; Radio-isotope cameras
- G01T1/2928—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions; Radio-isotope cameras using solid state detectors
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- This invention relates to detectors for radiation detection (e.g., radiation imaging systems), and more particularly to array solid state detectors for radiation detection of large objects. Background technique
- an array detector In a radiation imaging system, the role of an array detector is to convert an X-ray or gamma ray signal transmitted through an object to be detected into an electrical signal.
- a single array detector array In large object radiation imaging systems, a single array detector array is typically employed, including ionization chamber type gas detectors and scintillator type solid state detectors.
- the Applicant discloses two radiation imaging solid state detector technologies, and the solid detector arrays using these patented technologies have been widely used in X-ray container scanning systems. Multi-column detector arrays have been proposed to accommodate the increased scanning speed of large objects, such as radiation scanning detection of trains. Increasing the width of the sensitive area of the detector in the scanning direction can increase the scanning speed.
- multi-column detectors are generally used.
- a multi-array detector module structure for radiation imaging is disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 200520136585. 6, but the patent does not teach how to construct a multi-column solid state detector.
- the coupling of the scintillator and the photodiode in the solid state detector or the array solid state detector of the patents 02148670. 0 and 200420009319. 2 are both on the side of the scintillator parallel to the ray direction, and the two detectors are used to construct more than two columns.
- the dead zone between at least two columns of sensitive areas of the detector will be relatively large, and the larger dead zone will change the contrast sensitivity of the scanned image. difference.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a detector for a large object radiation detection system.
- the coupling faces of the photodiode 102 and the scintillator 101 are parallel to the radiation irradiation direction (as indicated by an arrow 105 in the figure).
- Ionizing radiation 105 deposits energy inside the scintillator 101 to generate visible light, passing through the reflective material (coating After collecting on the surface of the scintillator, it enters the photodiode 102 through the coupling surface, and is converted into a charge signal in the photodiode 102. After the charge signal passes through the PCB board 103, it is output from the socket 104 on the PCB board 103 to subsequent signal amplification and data acquisition. Circuit.
- the characteristic of this structure is that the energy deposition light-emitting point in the scintillation body is relatively close to the light collecting surface of the photodiode, and more visible light can be collected when the light transmission condition in the scintillation body is not good.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an array solid-state detector for radiation imaging, which can be constructed into any array of array solid-state detectors, without sacrificing spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity of scanned images. The case of increasing the radiation detection speed of large objects.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an array solid state detector for radiation imaging, in which a multi-row solid state detector constructed using the array solid-state detector maintains long-term stability and is easy to manufacture and maintain.
- an array solid state detector for radiation detection, the array solid state detector comprising: a plurality of sensors for detecting radiation radiated in a predetermined direction, the sensor having an end face to which radiation is incident And a plurality of first plates, the plurality of first plates are disposed substantially in parallel to form at least one row of spaces, and the plurality of sensors are arranged in the space, wherein the plurality of first plates are formed of metal.
- the array solid state detector for radiation detection may further include: a plurality of second plates, the plurality of second plates intersecting the plurality of first plates, whereby the at least Each of the rows of space is separated into a plurality of spatial arrays, each of the sensors being located in one of the plurality of spatial arrays, wherein the plurality of second plates are formed of metal.
- the plurality of second plates are substantially perpendicular to the plurality of first plates.
- the sensor may include a plurality of scintillators that receive radiation radiated in a predetermined direction and convert the rays into visible light, and a plurality of photodiodes respectively coupled to the plurality of scintillators through a coupling plane, Visible light is introduced into the photodiode to convert the visible light into a charge signal.
- the coupling surface is substantially perpendicular to the predetermined direction.
- the plurality of first plates and the plurality of second plates project in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction beyond a predetermined length of the end faces to form a collimator.
- the surface is surrounded by a reflective material that is used to reflect the visible light.
- the refractive index of the reflective material is smaller than the refractive index of the scintillator.
- the outermost plates of the plurality of first plates and the plurality of second plates form a first casing to surround respective sides extending in a predetermined direction.
- the array solid state detector for radiation detection may further include: a printed circuit board for outputting a charge signal of the plurality of photodiodes, and a second casing of metal, the second casing surrounding at least A portion of the printed circuit board.
- the plurality of photodiodes are photodiodes of a chip size package structure.
- the plurality of photodiodes are coupled to the corresponding plurality of scintillators along the coupling surface by an optically transparent double-sided tape or an optically transparent adhesive film.
- the array solid state detector for radiation detection may further include: a printed circuit board for outputting a charge signal of the plurality of photodiodes, and for connecting the plurality of photodiodes to the printed circuit board
- the elastic connector is an insulating rubber sheet, and is provided with a conductive medium stripe in the predetermined direction, and the conductive medium strip connects the plurality of photodiodes to the printed circuit board.
- the projection of the photodiode in the predetermined direction substantially falls into the projection of the scintillator in the predetermined direction.
- the plurality of first plates and the plurality of second plates may be formed of heavy metals.
- the heavy metal may be one of tungsten, lead or antimony, or one of alloys of tungsten, lead or antimony.
- Any number of columns of solid state detectors can be constructed in accordance with the construction of the present invention to meet the need to improve fast scanning of large object radiation imaging without sacrificing the spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity of the scanning system.
- the detector In addition to the functions of moisture-proof, light-proof and anti-electromagnetic interference, the detector has the advantages of good reliability, convenient assembly and maintenance.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the detectors for large-scale object radiation detection systems.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a detector scintillator and a photodiode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a detector housing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a coupling surface of a scintillator and a photodiode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of a photodiode and a PCB board through an elastic connector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a weighted metal separator between scintillator channels in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the forward extension of a heavy metal separator between scintillator channels in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- the array solid state detector for radiation detection includes: a plurality of scintillators 201 that receive radiation radiated in a predetermined direction (for example, a radiation irradiation direction 205) and convert the rays into visible light, and A plurality of photodiodes 202 are respectively coupled to the plurality of scintillators through a coupling surface to allow visible light to enter the photodiode 202 and convert the visible light into a charge signal.
- the coupling surface is generally perpendicular to the predetermined direction. SP, the coupling surface of the photodiode 202 and the scintillator 201 is perpendicular to the radiation irradiation direction 205.
- the scintillator surface is surrounded by a reflective material in addition to the photodiode coupling surface.
- the photodiode signal is output through the PCB board 203.
- the length of the scintillator 201 in the device may be relatively long (for example, greater than 30 mm), and in order to achieve a specific spatial resolution, the sensitivity area of each detector channel in the direction perpendicular to the radiation direction 205 may be relatively small (for example, less than 5 mm 2 ) ).
- the scintillator 201 exhibits an elongated strip shape.
- a reflector material whose refractive index is smaller than the refractive index of the scintillator 201 is selected, and an optical waveguide structure can be formed inside the scintillator, and the optical waveguide structure is more favorable for transmitting visible light generated by radiant energy deposition to The two end faces of the strip-like scintillator 201, thus coupling the photodiode 202 to the end face of the scintillation crystal, although the visible light is transmitted farther inside the scintillation crystal than the photodiode is coupled to the side of the scintillation crystal, Get enough visible light signals.
- the scintillator has a generally columnar shape.
- the senor for detecting radiation in addition to the above-described plurality of scintillators 201 and a plurality of photodiodes 202, other suitable elements in the art may be employed: for example, a compound semiconductor ray detector or the like.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the detector of the present invention plus a metal housing.
- the first housing 301 and the second housing 302 include the scintillator 201, the photodiode 202, and a portion of the PCB board 203 shown in FIG. 2 in the middle.
- the side faces of the first casing 301 other than the incident surface 3011 perpendicular to the radiation irradiation direction 205 are composed of a heavy metal material or lined with a heavy metal material.
- the heavy metal material may be W, Pb or Ta or the like.
- the metal housing protects the scintillator and the photodiode from light and moisture, and can also be used for various components or parts in the housing. Supporting.
- the role of the heavy metal material is to attenuate the effect of scattered ionizing radiation around the detector on the edge channels of the multi-row detector module.
- the photodiode is preferably a photodiode of a CSP (Chip Size Package chip size package) structure.
- the photodiode of the CSP structure is characterized in that its sensitive area and external dimensions are almost the same, and there is no jumper on the surface of the photodiode, which is beneficial to improve the coupling efficiency of the photodiode and the scintillator, and increase the signal sensitivity of the detector channel. Further, as shown in FIG.
- one scintillator 201 and one photodiode 202 coupled to each other form a unit, and in each unit, a projection of the photodiode in the predetermined direction substantially falls into the scintillator In the projection in the predetermined direction.
- another embodiment of the present invention preferably employs an optically transparent double-sided tape or an optically clear adhesive film.
- optically transparent double-sided tape or an optically clear adhesive film Compared with general optical coupling adhesives, such as optically clear epoxy or optically transparent silicone rubber, the advantages are simple process, easy assembly and maintenance.
- the connection of the photodiode 202 and the PCB board 203 is connected by an elastic connector, see 501 in FIG.
- the term "elastic connector” as used herein refers to a special insulating rubber sheet in which conductive strips 5011 are buried in only one direction, and the patterns of the strips of the conductive medium correspond to the gold contact patterns on the photodiode 202 and the PCB board 203, respectively.
- the purpose of conducting a current signal is achieved.
- the use of this flexible connection technology makes the array detectors easier to package, does not require high temperature operation such as soldering, and is easy to maintain.
- an array solid state detector for radiation detection includes: a plurality of sensors that detect radiation radiated in a radiation direction 205 (for example, a scintillator 201, and a plurality of photodiodes 202), the sensor has an end face on which the ray is incident (the upper end face in FIG. 7), and a plurality of first plates 601, the plurality of first plates being disposed substantially in parallel, at least one line Space, the plurality of sensors are arranged in the space. .
- the array solid state detector for radiation detection may further include a plurality of second plates (not shown) that intersect the plurality of first plates 601, thereby Each of the at least one row of spaces is separated into a plurality of spatial arrays, each of the sensors being located in one of the plurality of spatial arrays.
- the plurality of second plates may be substantially perpendicular to the plurality of first plates 601 or may form an angle of, for example, 80-100 degrees.
- one scintillator and one photodiode coupled to each other form one unit, and spacers (i.e., first and second plates) of heavy metals are disposed between adjacent ones of the units. That is, a heavy metal separator as a first plate is added between each of the scintillator and the photodiode channel, as shown by 601 in FIG.
- the first board 601 can substantially eliminate the crosstalk of the scintillation light between the two adjacent channels, and can also reduce the string of ionizing radiation between the two channels. Disturbance, which increases the spatial resolution of the scanned image.
- the heavy metal separator material may be tungsten (W), lead (Pb) or tantalum (Ta) metal or an alloy material mainly composed of these metals. '
- the heavy metal separator may also protrude toward the front end face of the scintillator in a direction opposite to the radiation irradiation direction 205, as shown by 701 in FIG.
- These forward-looking heavy metal separators actually form a set of grid collimators (only one direction of heavy metal separators are extended) or a grid collimator (the heavy metal partitions in both directions are extended forward), These collimators reduce the amount of scattered radiation entering the multi-row detector, which in turn increases the contrast sensitivity of the scanned image.
- the metal casing 301 is separately formed, and alternatively, the metal shell 301 may be formed by the outermost first plate 601 and the second plate to surround the respective side faces extending in the predetermined direction.
- the partitions of the heavy metal i.e., the first and second plates
- the partitions may be A light transmissive material such that the spacers (i.e., the first and second plates) function to isolate the light.
- the spacers i.e., the first and second plates
- the spacers may also be ordinary metal materials such that the spacers (i.e., the first and second plates) function to isolate light, electricity, and magnetism.
- the separators i.e., the first and second plates function to isolate optical, electrical, magnetic, and ionizing radiation.
- the array solid state detector of the present invention is described for use in radiation imaging in the above embodiments, the detector can also be used in other radiation detecting systems or devices.
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Description
用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器 技术领域
本发明涉及用于辐射探测 (例如, 辐射成像系统) 的探测器, 尤其涉及到对大 型物体进行辐射探测所用的阵列固体探测器。 背景技术
在辐射成像系统中, 阵列探测器的作用是将透过被检测物体的 X射线或者 γ射 线信号转换为电信号。 在大型物体辐射成像系统中, 一般是采用单列探测器阵列, 其 中包括电离室型的气体探测器和闪烁体型的固体探测器。 在中国专利 02148670. 0 和 200420009319. 2 中本申请人公开了两种辐射成像固体探测器技术, 应用这些专利技 术的固体探测器阵列已经广泛应用在 X射线集装箱扫描系统中。 多列探测器阵列的提 出是为了适应大型物体辐射检测扫描速度提高的要求, 比如对火车的辐射扫描检测 等。 提高探测器灵敏区在扫描方向的宽度可以提高扫描速度, 然而提高探测器灵敏区 的宽度会牺牲辐射成像系统的空间分辨率, 导致扫描图像质量下降。 要同时满足提高 扫描速度和扫描图像质量的要求, 一般采用多列探测器。 中国专利 200520136585. 6 中公开了一种用于辐射成像的多阵列探测器模块结构, 但是该专利并没有指出如何构 建多列的固体探测器。 专利 02148670. 0和 200420009319. 2中的固体探测器或阵列固 体探测器中闪烁体和光电二极管的耦合都是在和射线方向平行的闪烁体的侧面, 用这 两种探测器构建超过 2列的多列固体探测器时, 由于光电二极管及其输出电路板会占 用空间, 至少有两列探测器灵敏区之间的死区会比较大, 而较大的死区会使扫描图像 的反差灵敏度变差。
在医学检测和小型物品检测领域内己经有许多辐射成像多列固体探测器的实 例, 比如多层 CT 探测器、 平板探测器等。 然而这些为小型物体检测设计的探测器结 构并不适合构建大型物体的辐射成像检测, 主要原因是这些探测器对高能电离辐射 (比如由加速器产生的脉冲 X射线) 的探测效率太低, 同时过于精细的像素尺寸使得 依此构建大型物体检测通道的建造和维护成本太高。
图 1 是目前常用大型物体辐射检测系统探测器的示意图。 在这种探测器的结构 中, 光电二极管 102和闪烁体 101的耦合面平行于射线照射方向 (如图中的箭头 105 所示) 。 电离辐射 105在闪烁体 101内部沉积能量产生可见光, 经过反射材料 (涂覆
在闪烁体表面) 收集后通过耦合面进入光电二极管 102, 在光电二极管 102 内转换成 电荷信号, 此电荷信号经过 PCB板 103后由 PCB板 103上的插座 104输出到后续的信 号放大和数据采集电路。 这种结构的特点是闪烁体内的能量沉积发光点离光电二极管 的光收集面比较近, 在闪烁体内光传输条件不好时还能够收集到较多的可见光。 发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种辖射成像用的阵列固体探测器, 这种阵列固体探 测器可以构建成任意多列的阵列固体探测器, 能够在不牺牲扫描图像的空间分辨率的 情况下提高大型物体辐射检测速度。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种辐射成像用的阵列固体探测器, 这种阵列固体 探测器可以构建成任意多列的阵列固体探测器, 能够在不牺牲扫描图像的空间分辨率 和反差灵敏度的情况下提高大型物体辐射检测速度。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种辐射成像用的阵列固体探测器, 利用该阵列固 体探测器构建的多列固体探测器既能保持长期稳定性, 又便于制造和维修。
根据本发明的一方面, 本发明提供了一种用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 该 阵列固体探测器包括: 检测沿预定方向辐射的射线的多个传感器, 所述传感器具有射 线入射的端面, 和多个第一板, 所述多个第一板大体平行设置, 形成至少一行空间, 所述多个传感器排列在所述空间中, 其中所述多个第一板由金属形成。
根据本发明的一方面, 所述用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器还可以包括: 多个 第二板, 所述多个第二板与多个第一板交叉, 由此, 将所述至少一行空间中的每一行 分隔成多个空间阵列, 所述传感器中的每一个位于多个空间阵列中的一个中, 其中所 述多个第二板由金属形成。
优选方式是, 所述多个第二板与多个第一板大体垂直。
所述传感器可以包括接收沿预定方向辐射的射线并将射线转变成可见光的多个 闪烁体, 和多个光电二极管, 所述多个光电二极管分别与所述多个闪烁体通过瑀合面 耦合, 使可见光进入光电二极管, 以便将该可见光转换成电荷信号。
优选方式是, 所述耦合面大体垂直于所述预定方向。
优选方式是, 所述多个第一板和所述多个第二板沿与所述预定方向相反的方向 伸出超过所述端面预定长度, 而形成准直器。
优选方式是, 所述多个闪烁体中的每一个的、 除了与光电二极管耦合的表面之外
的表面都由反射材料包围, 该反射材料用于反射所述可见光。
优选方式是, 所述反射材料的折射率小于所述闪烁体的折射率。
优选方式是, 所述多个第一板和所述多个第二板中的最外侧的板形成第一壳 体, 以包围 沿预定方向延伸的各个侧面。
根据本发明的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器还可以包括: 用于输出所述多个 光电二极管的电荷信号的印刷电路板, 以及金属的第二壳体, 所述第二壳体至少围绕 所述印刷电路板的一部分。
优选方式是, 所述多个光电二极管是芯片尺寸封装结构的光电二极管。
优选方式是, 所述多个光电二极管与相应的所述多个闪烁体沿耦合面用光学透 明双面胶带或光学透明胶膜耦合。
根据本发明的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器还可以包括: 用于输出所述多个 光电二极管的电荷信号的印刷电路板, 以及用于将多个光电二极管与印刷电路板之间 进行连接的弹性连接器, 该弹性连接器为绝缘橡胶薄片, 并在所述预定方向设有导电 介质条纹, 该导电介质条纹将多个光电二极管与印刷电路板连接。
优选方式是, 所述光电二极管在所述预定方向上的投影大体落入所述闪烁体在 所述预定方向上的投影中。
所述多个第一板和所述多个第二板可以由重金属形成。
所述重金属可以是钨、 铅或钽中的一种, 或钨、 铅或钽构成的合金中的一种。 根据本发明的结构方式可以构造任意多列的固体探测器, 满足在不牺牲扫描系统 空间分辨率和反差灵敏度的情况下提高大型物体辐射成像快速扫描的需要。 这种探测 器除了具有防潮、 避光、 防电磁干扰等功能外, 还具有可靠性好、 方便装配、 维修的 优点。 附图说明
为了更加全面地理解本发明的特性和目的, 以下参照附图对本发明进行详细描 述。
图 1 是目前常用大型物体辐射检测系统探测器原理示意图。
图 2 是根据本发明实施例的探测器闪烁体和光电二极管结构示意图。
图 3 是根据本发明实施例的探测器壳体结构示意图。
图 4 是根据本发明实施例的闪烁体和光电二极管耦合面示意图。
图 5 是根据本发明实施例的光电二极管和 PCB板通过弹性连接器连接示意图。 图 6 是根据本发明实施例的闪烁体通道之间加重金属隔板的示意图。
图 7 是根据本发明实施例的闪烁体通道之间重金属隔板向前延伸的示意图。 具体实施方式
图 2 是本发明的辐射检测系统探测器的示意图, 其中该探测器是包括多个闪烁 体和多个光电二极管的多列固体探测器。 如图 2所示, 根据本发明的用于辐射探测的 阵列固体探测器包括: 接收沿预定方向 (例如, 射线照射方向 205 ) 辐射的射线并将 射线转变成可见光的多个闪烁体 201, 和多个光电二极管 202, 所述多个光电二极管 分别与所述多个闪烁体通过耦合面耦合, 以使可见光进入光电二极管 202并将该可见 光转换成电荷信号。 所述耦合面大体垂直于所述预定方向。 SP, 光电二极管 202和闪 烁体 201 的耦合面垂直于射线照射方向 205。 闪烁体表面除了和光电二极管耦合面之 外都有反射材料包围。 光电二极管信号通过 PCB板 203输出。 大型物品辐射检测系统 一般采用较高能量的辐射源 (比如电子直线加速器、 高能量的放射源) , 与之相对应 的探测器也要求对该辐射有较高的探测效率, 因此本发明中探测器中闪烁体 201的长 度可以比较长 (比如大于 30mm) , 而为了达到特定的空间分辨率, 每个探测器通道 在垂直于射线照射方向 205的闪烁体灵敏面积可比较小 (比如小于 5mm2) 。 这样闪烁 体 201就呈现出一种细长条状。 优选方式是选用其折射率小于闪烁体 201的折射率的 反射体材料, 在闪烁体内部就可以形成了一种光波导结构, 这种光波导结构更有利于 将辐射能量沉积产生的可见光传输到长条状闪烁体 201的两个端面, 因此将光电二极 管 202耦合在闪烁晶体的端面时, 尽管可见光在闪烁晶体内部的传输距离比将光电二 极管耦合在闪烁晶体的侧面会更远, 却仍然能够得到足够多的可见光信号。
优选方式是, 闪烁体呈大体柱状形状。
作为检测射线的传感器, 除了采用上述的多个闪烁体 201和多个光电二极管 202 之外, 也可以采用本领域其它适合的元件: 比如化合物半导体射线探测器等。
图 3 是本发明探测器加上金属壳体的示意图。 其中第一壳体 301和第二壳体 302 将图 2中所示的闪烁体 201、 光电二极管 202以及一部分 PCB板 203包含在中间。 第 一壳体 301除了和射线照射方向 205垂直的入射面 3011之外的几个侧面是由重金属 材料组成, 或者衬有重金属材料。 重金属材料可以是 W、 Pb或者 Ta等。 金属壳体对 闪烁体和光电二极管起到避光、 隔潮的作用, 同时也可以对壳体内的各种元件或零件
起支撑作用。 重金属材料的作用在于减弱探测器周围的散射电离辐射对多列探测器模 块边缘通道的影响。
图 4 是闪烁体 201和光电二极管 202耦合面的示意图。 根据本发明的一个实施 例, 光电二极管优选 CSP (Chip Size Package芯片尺寸封装)结构的光电二极管。 CSP 结构的光电二极管的特点是其灵敏区和外形尺寸几乎相同, 而且光电二极管的表面上 没有跳线, 有利于提高光电二极管和闪烁体的耦合效率, 增加探测器通道的信号灵敏 度。 此外, 如图 4中所示, 相互耦合的一个闪烁体 201和一个光电二极管 202形成一 个单元, 在每一个单元中, 所述光电二极管在所述预定方向上的投影大体落入所述闪 烁体在所述预定方向上的投影中。
对于闪烁体 201和光电二极管 202的耦合, 本发明另一个实施例优选采用光学透 明双面胶带或者光学透明胶膜。 和一般光学耦合胶, 如光学透明环氧树脂或光学透明 硅橡胶相比, 其优点是工艺简单、 便于装配及维修。
根据本发明的另一个实施例, 光电二极管 202和 PCB板 203的连接采用弹性连接 器连接, 参见图 5中的 501。 这里所指的弹性连接器是指特制的只在一个方向埋有导 电介质条纹 5011 的绝缘橡胶薄片, 这些导电介质条纹的图案分别和光电二极管 202 以及 PCB板 203上的金触点图案相对应以达到传导电流信号的目的。 应用这种弹性连 接技术可以使阵列探测器的封装更加简便, 不需要焊接等高温操作, 而且便于维护。
如图 6-7 所示, 在本发明的另一个实施例中, 根据本发明的用于辐射探测的阵 列固体探测器包括: 检测沿射线照射方向 205辐射的射线的多个传感器 (例如, 多个 闪烁体 201, 和多个光电二极管 202 ) , 传感器具有射线入射的端面 (图 7 中的上端 面) , 和多个第一板 601 , 所述多个第一板大体平行设置, 形 至少一行空间, 所述 —多个传感器排列在所述空间中。 . .
根据本发明的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器还可以包括多个第二板 (图中未 示出) , 所述多个第二板与多个第一板 601交叉, 由此, 将所述至少一行空间中的每 一行分隔成多个空间阵列, 所述传感器中的每一个位于多个空间阵列中的一个中。 所 述多个第二板与多个第一板 601可以大体垂直, 或形成例如 80-100度的角度。
即, 相互耦合的一个闪烁体和一个光电二极管形成一个单元, 相邻的所述单元 之间设有重金属的隔板 (即第一和第二板) 。 即, 在每个闪烁体和光电二极管通道之 间增加作为第一板的重金属隔板, 如图 6中的 601所示。 第一板 601可以基本消除与 之相邻的两个通道之间闪烁光的串扰, 同时也可以减轻电离辐射在两个通道之间的串
扰, 使得扫描图像的空间分辨率提高。 重金属隔板材料可以是钨 (W)、 铅 (Pb ) 或钽 (Ta) 金属或者是主要由这些金属构成的合金材料。 '
根据本发明的另一个实施例, 上述重金属隔板还可以朝向与射线照射方向 205相 反的方向伸出闪烁体的前端面, 如图 7中的 701所示。 这些前伸的重金属隔板实际上 形成了一组栅格准直器 (只有一个方向的重金属隔板伸出) 或网格准直器 (两个方向 的重金属隔板都向前伸出) , 这些准直器可以减少进入多列探测器的散射射线, 进而 提高扫描图像的反差灵敏度。
在上述实施例中, 金属壳体 301 单独形成, 作为选择也可以由最外侧的第一板 601和第二板形成金属壳体 301, 以包围沿预定方向延伸的各个侧面。
_此外, 尽管在上述是示例中, 相邻的所述单元之间设有重金属的隔板 (即第一和 第二板), 但是隔板 (即第一和第二板) 也可以是不透光的材料, 这样隔板 (即第一 和第二板) 的作用是隔离光。 此外, 隔板 (即第一和第二板) 也可以是普通金属材 料, 这样隔板 (即第一和第二板) 的作用是隔离光、 电和磁。 在采用重金属材料的情 况下, 隔板 (即第一和第二板) 的作用是隔离光、 电、 磁和电离辐射。
尽管上述实施例中描述了本发明的阵列固体探测器用于辐射成像的情况, 但是该 探测器也可以用于其它辐射探测系统或设备。
Claims
1. 一种用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 包括:
检测沿预定方向辐射的射线的多个传感器, 所述传感器具有射线入射的端面, 和多个第一板, 所述多个第一板大体平行设置, 形成至少一行空间, 所述多个传感器 排列在所述空间中, 其中所述多个第一板由金属形成。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 还包括: 多个第二 板, 所述多个第二板与多个第一板交叉, 由此, 将所述至少一行空间中的每一行分隔 成多个空间阵列, 所述传感器中的每一个位于多个空间阵列中的一个中, 其中所述多 个第二板由金属形成。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中所述多个第二 板与多个第一板大体垂直。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中所述传感器包 括: 接收沿预定方向辐射的射线并将射线转变成可见光的多个闪烁体, 和多个光电二 极管, 所述多个光电二极管分别与所述多个闪烁体通过耦合面耦合, 以使可见光进入 光电二极管, 以便将该可见光转换成电荷信号。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中所述耦合面大 体垂直于所述预定方向。
6. 根据权利要求 2所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中: 所述多个第 一板和所述多个第二板沿与所述预定方向相反的方向伸出超过所述端面预定长度, 而 形成准直器。
7. 根据权利要求 5 所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中: 所述多个闪 烁体中的每一个的、 除了与光电二极管耦合的表面之外的表面都由反射材料包围, 该 反射材料用于反射所述可见光。
8. 根据权利要求 7 所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中: 所述反射材 料的折射率小于所述闪烁体的折射率。
9. 根据权利要求 6所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中所述多个第一 板和所述多个第二板中的最外侧的板形成第一壳体, 以包围 沿预定方向延伸的各个 侧面。
10. 根据权利要求 7 所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 还包括: 用于输 _ 出所述多个光电二极管的电荷信号的印刷电路板, 以及金属的第二壳体, 所述第二壳 体至少围绕所述印刷电路板的一部分。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中所述多个光 电二极管是芯片尺寸封装结构的光电二极管。
12. 根据权利要求 11 所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中所述多个光 电二极管与相应的所述多个闪烁体沿耦合面用光学透明双面胶带或光学透明胶膜耦 合。
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 还包括: 用于输 出所述多个光电二极管的电荷信号的印刷电路板, 以及用于将多个光电二极管与印刷 电路板之间进行连接的弹性连接器, 该弹性连接器为绝缘橡胶薄片, 并在所述预定方 向设有导电介质条纹, 该导电介质条纹将多个光电二极管与印刷电路板连接。
14. 根据权利要求 13所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中: 所述光电 二极管在所述预定方向上的投影大体落入所述闪烁体在所述预定方向上的投影中。
15. 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中: 所述多个 第一板由重金属形成。
16. 根据权利要求 2 所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中: 所述多个 第一板和所述多个第二板由重金属形成。
17. 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的用于辐射探测的阵列固体探测器, 其中: 所述 重金属是钨、 铅或钽中的一种, 或钨、 铅或钜构成的合金中的一种。
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| CN114447146A (zh) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-05-06 | 江苏赛诺格兰医疗科技有限公司 | 一种sipm探测器的返修方法 |
| CN114447146B (zh) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-05-26 | 江苏赛诺格兰医疗科技有限公司 | 一种sipm探测器的返修方法 |
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| CN101604023B (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
| CN101604023A (zh) | 2009-12-16 |
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