WO2009145705A1 - Method for galvannealing steel materials - Google Patents

Method for galvannealing steel materials Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009145705A1
WO2009145705A1 PCT/SE2009/050567 SE2009050567W WO2009145705A1 WO 2009145705 A1 WO2009145705 A1 WO 2009145705A1 SE 2009050567 W SE2009050567 W SE 2009050567W WO 2009145705 A1 WO2009145705 A1 WO 2009145705A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steel material
caused
process temperature
dfi
alloying metal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2009/050567
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Mats Gartz
Ola Ritzen
Original Assignee
Aga Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aga Ab filed Critical Aga Ab
Priority to BRPI0909599A priority Critical patent/BRPI0909599A2/en
Priority to CN2009801192909A priority patent/CN102046830A/en
Priority to US12/994,594 priority patent/US20110146851A1/en
Publication of WO2009145705A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009145705A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/40—Plates; Strips

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for use when galvannealing steel materials.
  • Galvannealing is a process in which steel material is both galvanised and annealed.
  • the galvanising typically takes place by dipping the steel material in a bath of liquid zinc.
  • the steel material may be preheated before it is dipped and/or may be heated by contact with the liquid zinc.
  • the steel material is further heated, up to a temperature where annealing takes place.
  • the zinc coating forms an alloy at the surface of the steel material, which alloy offers attractive properties in terms of corrosion resistance, etc.
  • Induction heating is indeed efficient, but it is sensitive for the dimensions and the geometrical configuration of the heated material. Moreover, zinc is not heated as well as steel, why temperature gradients may arise. Finally, devices for induction heating are typically very costly.
  • Heating in an air gas furnace does not lead to any dimension or material geometry related problems, but on the other hand it is substantially less efficient as compared to induction heating. Because of the low emission factor of zinc, it is also difficult to increase the heat transfer to the material, why the rate of production is limited.
  • the present invention solves the above described problems.
  • the invention relates to a method when galvannealing a steel material, in which the material, in a first step, is preheated to a first process temperature and is coated with a layer of a liquid alloying metal, in a second step is further heated to a second, higher process temperature, and in a third step is kept at the second process temperature during a predetermined time period so that the alloying metal coating at least partially is caused to alloy with the steel material, and is characterised in that the heating in the second step is caused to be carried out by one or several DFI burners .
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional overview showing the various component parts used in a process in which a conventional galvannealing process is carried out.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional overview showing the various component parts used in a process in which a galvannealing process according to the present invention is carried out.
  • Figure 1 it is illustrated how a steel product 101 in the form of an elongated strip is transported along various process steps in a conventional, continuous process for galvannealing.
  • the steel product is conveyed through a bath 102 in which an alloying metal in the form of liquid zinc 103 is present. Accordingly, the steel strip 101 thus dipped is coated with a layer of liquid zinc.
  • the steel strip 101 is transported past a pair of air knives 104, removing surplus zinc from the surface of the strip 101.
  • the strip is conveyed through a gas or in- duction furnace 105, which boosts the temperature of the steel strip 101 so that annealing is initiated.
  • the annealing is completed during a certain time period by the strip 101 being transported through a holding furnace 106 in which the temperature of the steel material 101 is kept constant.
  • FIG. 2 The process illustrated in Figure 2 is similar to that of Figure 1.
  • the metal strip 1 runs through a bath 3 with liquid zinc 2, and thereafter past a pair of air knives 4.
  • one or several DFI burners 5 are used in a second step in order to further heat the steel strip 1 to its annealing temperature.
  • the DFI burners 5 are arranged at such a distance from the steel material 1 so that their respective flames strike the surface of the material 1. This guarantees very good heat transfer efficiency.
  • the strip 1 is transported, in a third step, through a holding furnace 6 during a certain predetermined time period, to allow the annealing to be completed.
  • DFI burners 5 instead of a conventional furnace or an induction furnace 105 in order to further boost the temperature of the steel material 1, a number of advantages are achieved.
  • heating with DFI burners is not as sensitive for the dimensions of the material 1 and its mechanical and geometrical configuration, which is the case with, for example, conventional induction heaters.
  • the temperature of the steel strip 1 when leaving the zinc bath 2, in the following referred to as "the first process temperature”, is preferably between 350 0 C and 450°C, according to a preferred embodiment above about 420°C, at which temperature zinc melts.
  • the heating using the DFI burners 5 is preferably so intense that the final temperature of the steel material 1, in the following referred to as "the second process temperature", is achieved within a few seconds.
  • the second process temperature is preferably between 50 and 15O 0 C warmer than the first process temperature.
  • the oxidant being used for the combus- tion of the fuel is comprised of at least 80 percentages by weight of oxygen.
  • the fuel may be any suitable fuel, such as natural gas or propane.
  • the process being of a continuous type, in which the steel material 1 is continuously transported along the process line and thereafter at all the time has a certain velocity in relation to the components being arranged on the line, notably the DFI burners 5.
  • the DFI burners are arranged at such a distance from each other so that the surface of the steel material 1 has time to cool down between two consecutive DFI burners to such an extent so that when passing the next DFI burner it will not be heated above a certain predetermined temperature.
  • the predetermined temperature is suitably a temperature at which the risk for material deterioration is unacceptably high, most preferably maximally 560°C.
  • the predetermined time period during which the steel material 1 is kept at annealing temperature in the furnace ⁇ is at least a number of seconds, however this time period can naturally be adapted to the present prerequisites, the used steel material and alloying metal, and so forth.
  • the steel material 1 is kept at an essentially constant temperature during a time period which is sufficiently long in order to allow at least partial alloying between the alloying metal 3 and the steel material 1.
  • alloying metals examples of such metals are aluminium and mixtures of aluminium and zinc.
  • the first process temperature may be adapted to the melting point, or to any other essential material property, of the currently used alloying metal.
  • the steel material 1 does not have to be in the form of an elongated steel strip.
  • the method is also useful for other elongated steel products, such as wire and rods.
  • the air knives 4 may in certain applications be replaced with blowing action from the DFI burners 5.
  • the DFI burners 5 may remove surplus alloying metal using the striking of the flames against the surface of the steel material 1, whereby the air knives 4 are no longer necessary.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Abstract

Method for use when galvannealing a steel material (1), in which the material (1), in a first step, is preheated to a first process temperature and is coated with a layer of a liquid alloying metal (3), in a second step is further heated to a second, higher process temperature, and in a third step is kept at the second process temperature during a predetermined time period so that the alloying metal coating at least partially is caused to alloy with the steel material (1). The invention is characterised in that the heating in the second step is caused to be carried out by one or several DFI burners (5).

Description

Method for galvannealing steel materials
The present invention relates to a method for use when galvannealing steel materials.
Galvannealing is a process in which steel material is both galvanised and annealed. The galvanising typically takes place by dipping the steel material in a bath of liquid zinc. The steel material may be preheated before it is dipped and/or may be heated by contact with the liquid zinc.
Thereafter, the steel material is further heated, up to a temperature where annealing takes place. As the material is kept at this higher temperature, the zinc coating forms an alloy at the surface of the steel material, which alloy offers attractive properties in terms of corrosion resistance, etc.
Conventionally in such a process, either induction heating or heating in an air gas furnace is used for further heating the material. Both of these strategies involve problems.
Induction heating is indeed efficient, but it is sensitive for the dimensions and the geometrical configuration of the heated material. Moreover, zinc is not heated as well as steel, why temperature gradients may arise. Finally, devices for induction heating are typically very costly.
Heating in an air gas furnace does not lead to any dimension or material geometry related problems, but on the other hand it is substantially less efficient as compared to induction heating. Because of the low emission factor of zinc, it is also difficult to increase the heat transfer to the material, why the rate of production is limited.
The present invention solves the above described problems.
Thus, the invention relates to a method when galvannealing a steel material, in which the material, in a first step, is preheated to a first process temperature and is coated with a layer of a liquid alloying metal, in a second step is further heated to a second, higher process temperature, and in a third step is kept at the second process temperature during a predetermined time period so that the alloying metal coating at least partially is caused to alloy with the steel material, and is characterised in that the heating in the second step is caused to be carried out by one or several DFI burners .
In the following, the invention will be described in detail, with reference to exemplifying embodiments of the invention and to the appended drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional overview showing the various component parts used in a process in which a conventional galvannealing process is carried out.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional overview showing the various component parts used in a process in which a galvannealing process according to the present invention is carried out.
In Figure 1, it is illustrated how a steel product 101 in the form of an elongated strip is transported along various process steps in a conventional, continuous process for galvannealing. In a first step, the steel product is conveyed through a bath 102 in which an alloying metal in the form of liquid zinc 103 is present. Accordingly, the steel strip 101 thus dipped is coated with a layer of liquid zinc.
In a second step, the steel strip 101 is transported past a pair of air knives 104, removing surplus zinc from the surface of the strip 101.
In a third step, the strip is conveyed through a gas or in- duction furnace 105, which boosts the temperature of the steel strip 101 so that annealing is initiated.
Thereafter, the annealing is completed during a certain time period by the strip 101 being transported through a holding furnace 106 in which the temperature of the steel material 101 is kept constant.
The process illustrated in Figure 2 is similar to that of Figure 1. In a first step, the metal strip 1 runs through a bath 3 with liquid zinc 2, and thereafter past a pair of air knives 4.
However, instead of the furnace 105, one or several DFI burners 5 are used in a second step in order to further heat the steel strip 1 to its annealing temperature. The DFI burners 5 are arranged at such a distance from the steel material 1 so that their respective flames strike the surface of the material 1. This guarantees very good heat transfer efficiency.
Thereafter, the strip 1 is transported, in a third step, through a holding furnace 6 during a certain predetermined time period, to allow the annealing to be completed. By using DFI burners 5 instead of a conventional furnace or an induction furnace 105 in order to further boost the temperature of the steel material 1, a number of advantages are achieved.
Firstly, heating using DFI burners is rapid and efficient, and substantially more efficient than a conventional heating furnace. The reason for this is that zinc has a low emission factor, which gives a low heat transfer rate between the furnace atmosphere and the zinc coated metal surface in a conventional furnace. This problem does not arise with DFI burners .
Secondly, heating with DFI burners is not as sensitive for the dimensions of the material 1 and its mechanical and geometrical configuration, which is the case with, for example, conventional induction heaters.
Thirdly, heating with DFI burners is a cheaper alternative to induction heaters, the latter requiring a more complex installation than what is necessary for corresponding DFI heating.
The temperature of the steel strip 1 when leaving the zinc bath 2, in the following referred to as "the first process temperature", is preferably between 3500C and 450°C, according to a preferred embodiment above about 420°C, at which temperature zinc melts.
The heating using the DFI burners 5 is preferably so intense that the final temperature of the steel material 1, in the following referred to as "the second process temperature", is achieved within a few seconds. This means that those parts of the surface structure of the steel material that take part in the alloying process with the alloying metal essentially and in their entirety have a temperature which at least amounts to the second process temperature within a few seconds. The second process temperature is preferably between 50 and 15O0C warmer than the first process temperature.
In order to achieve maximum efficiency for the DFI burners 5, it is preferred that the oxidant being used for the combus- tion of the fuel is comprised of at least 80 percentages by weight of oxygen. The fuel may be any suitable fuel, such as natural gas or propane.
In order to avoid overheating of the surface of the steel material 1, it is preferred that it is in continuous motion in relation to the DFI burners 5. For example, this may be achieved by the process being of a continuous type, in which the steel material 1 is continuously transported along the process line and thereafter at all the time has a certain velocity in relation to the components being arranged on the line, notably the DFI burners 5.
It is also possible to arrange several consecutive DFI burners along the process line, so that the surface of the steel material 1 obtains a thermal impulse when passing each DFI burner, and thereafter has time to cool down somewhat before passing the next DFI burner and there receiving additional thermal energy. In this way, the heat has time to transfer through heat conduction from the surface of the steel mate- rial 1 to the central parts of the steel material 1 between the thermal impulses received from the DFI burners. Preferably, in this case the DFI burners are arranged at such a distance from each other so that the surface of the steel material 1 has time to cool down between two consecutive DFI burners to such an extent so that when passing the next DFI burner it will not be heated above a certain predetermined temperature. The predetermined temperature is suitably a temperature at which the risk for material deterioration is unacceptably high, most preferably maximally 560°C.
It is also possible to arrange two or several groups of DFI burners in a corresponding manner, where each group of DFI burners simultaneously heats the steel material 1 from different sides.
It is preferred that the predetermined time period during which the steel material 1 is kept at annealing temperature in the furnace β is at least a number of seconds, however this time period can naturally be adapted to the present prerequisites, the used steel material and alloying metal, and so forth. Preferably, the steel material 1 is kept at an essentially constant temperature during a time period which is sufficiently long in order to allow at least partial alloying between the alloying metal 3 and the steel material 1.
Above, preferred embodiments have been described. However, many modifications may be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Thus, other alloying metals than zinc may be used for coating the surface of the steel material 1 in liquid form. Examples of such metals are aluminium and mixtures of aluminium and zinc. In these cases, it is also realised that the first process temperature may be adapted to the melting point, or to any other essential material property, of the currently used alloying metal. Of course, it is also possible to apply the liquid alloying metal 3 onto the steel material 1 in other ways than by dipping, as long as the application takes place mechanically and as long as the alloying metal is in liquid form.
Furthermore, the steel material 1 does not have to be in the form of an elongated steel strip. The method is also useful for other elongated steel products, such as wire and rods.
Moreover, the air knives 4 may in certain applications be replaced with blowing action from the DFI burners 5. In other words, the DFI burners 5 may remove surplus alloying metal using the striking of the flames against the surface of the steel material 1, whereby the air knives 4 are no longer necessary.
Thus, the invention shall not be limited by the described embodiments, but may be varied within the frame of the ap- pended claims.

Claims

C L A I M S
1. Method for use when galvannealing a steel material (1), in which the material (1), in a first step, is preheated to a first process temperature and is coated with a layer of a liquid alloying metal (3) , in a second step is further heated to a second, higher process temperature, and in a third step is kept at the second process temperature during a predetermined time period so that the alloying metal coating at least partially is caused to alloy with the steel material (1), c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the heating in the second step is caused to be carried out by one or several DFI burners (5) .
2. Method according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the first process temperature is caused to be between 350 and 450°C.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r - i s e d i n that the second process temperature is caused to be between 50 and 200°C warmer than the first process temperature .
4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that at least one DFI burner
(5) is caused to be driven with an oxidant which to at least 80 percentages by weight is comprised of oxygen.
5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the steel material (1) is held in continuous motion in relation to each DFI burner (5) in the second step.
6. Method according to claim 6, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the steel material (1) is an elongated steel product .
7. Method according to claim 6, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the steel material (1) is a steel strip.
8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the predetermined time period is at least a number of seconds.
9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the additional heating is caused to be so intense that it goes on only a few seconds before the second process temperature is reached.
10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the flame from at least one DFI burner (5) is caused to remove any surplus alloying metal from the surface of the material (1) .
11. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the alloying metal (3) comprises zinc.
12. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the alloying metal (3) comprises aluminium.
13. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that several consecutive DFI burners (5), arranged along the direction of motion of the material, are caused to heat the steel material (1) according to their consecutive order, so that the surface of the steel material (1) will have time to cool down between two consecutive DFI burners (5) to such an extent so that the surface is not heated above a predetermined temperature when passing the next DFI burner.
PCT/SE2009/050567 2008-05-26 2009-05-19 Method for galvannealing steel materials WO2009145705A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRPI0909599A BRPI0909599A2 (en) 2008-05-26 2009-05-19 method for galvanizing and tempering a steel material
CN2009801192909A CN102046830A (en) 2008-05-26 2009-05-19 Method for galvannealing steel materials
US12/994,594 US20110146851A1 (en) 2008-05-26 2009-05-19 Method for galvannealing steel materials

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0801224-7 2008-05-26
SE0801224A SE532603C2 (en) 2008-05-26 2008-05-26 Method of galvanizing steel material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009145705A1 true WO2009145705A1 (en) 2009-12-03

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US (1) US20110146851A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2128296A1 (en)
KR (1) KR20110010814A (en)
CN (1) CN102046830A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0909599A2 (en)
SE (1) SE532603C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2009145705A1 (en)

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CN103884582B (en) * 2014-03-27 2016-05-04 上海江南长兴重工有限责任公司 JFE-LT-FH32 low-temperature steel Flame process and verification method thereof

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SE532603C2 (en) 2010-03-02
BRPI0909599A2 (en) 2015-09-22
EP2128296A1 (en) 2009-12-02
US20110146851A1 (en) 2011-06-23
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