WO2009119480A1 - ガスエンジン制御装置 - Google Patents
ガスエンジン制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009119480A1 WO2009119480A1 PCT/JP2009/055613 JP2009055613W WO2009119480A1 WO 2009119480 A1 WO2009119480 A1 WO 2009119480A1 JP 2009055613 W JP2009055613 W JP 2009055613W WO 2009119480 A1 WO2009119480 A1 WO 2009119480A1
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- opening degree
- value
- opening
- fuel gas
- gas supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
- F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
- F02D19/023—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
- F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
- F02D19/022—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure, temperature or composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0097—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating speed signals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1497—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
- F02D41/1498—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine measuring engine roughness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
- F02M21/0239—Pressure or flow regulators therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/04—Gas-air mixing apparatus
- F02M21/047—Venturi mixer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
- F02D2200/101—Engine speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
- F02D2200/1012—Engine speed gradient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas engine control device, and more particularly to a technique of opening degree correction control for NOx reduction of a fuel gas supply amount adjusting means provided in a fuel gas supply path that joins an intake path.
- a gas engine is known as an engine that supplies a mixture of air and fuel gas to a combustion chamber.
- lean combustion control that realizes NOx reduction by controlling the air-fuel ratio of the gas engine to the lean limit is also known.
- the fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve is a fuel gas supply amount adjusting means provided in the fuel gas supply path in order to control the air-fuel ratio.
- the opening degree of the fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve is set so as to achieve lean combustion that does not misfire based on an exhaust pressure sensor provided in the exhaust gas path. To do.
- the lean combustion control method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-131895 is disadvantageous in that it requires an expensive exhaust pressure sensor and increases the product cost.
- the intake air flow rate of the gas engine is reduced due to deterioration over time such as clogging of an air cleaner.
- the fuel gas supply amount adjustment valve needs to correct the opening of the fuel gas supply amount as the intake flow rate decreases.
- the correction of the opening degree of the gas engine mounted on the engine-driven heat pump is appropriately performed even after the installation on site. Therefore, it is desirable to perform the opening degree correction of the fuel gas supply amount in a short time.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a gas engine control device capable of accurately performing opening degree correction of a fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve for NOx reduction in a short time.
- the gas engine control device is provided in an engine load detecting means for detecting an engine load, an engine speed detecting means for detecting the engine speed, and a fuel gas supply path that joins the intake path.
- the fuel gas supply amount adjusting means for adjusting the fuel gas supply amount of the engine, and the combustion fluctuation value based on the difference in the engine speed between the instantaneous engine speed and the engine speed in the combustion stroke of each cylinder in one combustion cycle,
- the opening correction means is based on an opening correction value based on an internal value obtained by multiplying a maximum value and a minimum value of the opening in the process of convergence to the target combustion fluctuation value by a weighting factor. Is preferably calculated.
- the opening degree correction means detects the maximum value and the minimum value of the opening degree in the process of convergence to the target combustion fluctuation value twice, and these two maximum values and two minimum values are detected. It is preferable to calculate the opening correction value based on the value.
- the opening degree correction of the fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve for reducing NOx can be performed in a short time and with high accuracy.
- the block diagram which shows the structure of the gas engine control apparatus and gas engine of this invention The block diagram which shows the structure of the gas engine control apparatus of this invention.
- the engine 2 is mounted on an engine-driven heat pump.
- the engine 2 is a three-cylinder gas engine using a gaseous fuel gas such as natural gas, and includes three cylinders including the illustrated cylinder.
- the engine 2 includes an intake path, a fuel gas supply path, an engine body, and an exhaust path.
- the intake passage is configured by an intake pipe 11 that supplies mixed gas generated by mixing air and fuel gas taken from outside and a fuel gas, which will be described later, and an air cleaner 12 that removes dust and the like contained in the air. Yes.
- the engine body supplies the combustion chamber 21a, which is a space for burning the mixed gas, and the intake valve 23, which opens or closes the intake pipe 11 and the combustion chamber 21a by performing an opening / closing operation in the cylinder head 21, and the combustion chamber 21a.
- the spark plug 22 that generates sparks for burning the mixed gas, the mixed gas supplied to the combustion chamber 21a burns and expands, and the piston 25 slides in the vertical direction by expansion, and rotates by the reciprocating motion of the piston 25.
- the moving crankshaft 26 and an exhaust valve 24 that opens or closes the exhaust pipe 13 and the combustion chamber 21a by performing an opening / closing operation in the cylinder head 21 are provided.
- the exhaust path is configured by an exhaust pipe 13 that exhausts exhaust gas generated by combustion of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber 21 a to the outside of the engine 2.
- the mixer 3 as the fuel gas supply path includes a first fuel gas supply pipe 31 that supplies the fuel gas into the intake pipe 11, and an open / close fuel valve 32 that temporarily increases the fuel gas from the first fuel gas supply pipe 31.
- the second fuel supply pipe 34 connected to the first fuel supply pipe 31 by bypassing the open / close fuel valve 32, the amount of fuel gas passing through the second fuel supply pipe 34, that is, the amount of fuel gas contained in the mixed gas is adjusted.
- a differential pressure is generated between the fuel gas and the intake air in the fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve 35 and the first fuel supply piping 31 as the fuel gas supply amount adjusting means, and the fuel gas is supplied from the first fuel supply piping 31.
- a venturi 33 to be supplied to the intake pipe 11 and a throttle valve 36 for adjusting the supply amount of the mixed gas are provided.
- the open / close fuel valve 32 is omitted when the control for temporarily increasing the fuel gas is not incorporated.
- the gas engine control device 1 mainly includes a fuel gas supply amount adjustment valve 35, an engine speed sensor 132, a high pressure sensor 131, an electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as ECU) 150 for performing various calculations, and the like.
- the engine speed sensor 132 as an engine speed detection means is a sensor that can measure a pulse signal for each predetermined angle of a gear that rotates in synchronization with the crankshaft 26.
- the engine speed N is calculated based on the pulse number measurement time corresponding to one combustion cycle (two rotations of the crankshaft 26).
- the instantaneous engine speeds n1, n2, and n3 of the cylinder are calculated based on the pulse number measurement time corresponding to the combustion stroke for each cylinder.
- the high-pressure sensor 131 as engine load detecting means detects the discharge pressure (high-pressure HP) of the compressor of the engine-driven heat pump. And the adiabatic compression work of the refrigerant
- the engine load detection means the engine coolant temperature, the engine lubricating oil temperature, and the pressure may be detected and calculated from the correlation between these and the load.
- the ECU 150 includes a controller 100 having functions as an opening degree adjusting unit 200 and an opening degree correcting unit 300, which will be described later, and a storage unit 120.
- the PIV map 50 representing the combustion fluctuation value will be described with reference to FIG.
- the PIV map 50 is a plot of the target combustion fluctuation value PIVm corresponding to the target lean combustion region corresponding to the engine speed N and the engine load L.
- the PIV map 50 is a map stored in advance in the storage unit 120 included in the ECU 150.
- the closer the fuel supply amount of each cylinder is to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio the smaller the difference in engine speed N between the engine speed N and the instantaneous engine speed n1, n2, n3 in the combustion stroke of that cylinder.
- the target combustion fluctuation value PIVm is selected so as to correspond to a lean combustion region near the limit where no misfire occurs.
- the controller 100 has a function of performing opening degree adjustment control of the fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve 35 as the opening degree adjusting means 200.
- a target engine speed setting unit (Nm calculation unit) 102, a target combustion fluctuation value calculation unit (PIVm calculation unit) 103, an opening degree calculation unit (GVM calculation unit) 101, and a combustion fluctuation value calculation unit (PIV calculation unit) 105 These are the functions of the controller 100 as the opening degree adjusting means 200.
- the Nm calculation unit 102 calculates the target engine speed Nm based on the engine load L that is the adiabatic compression work of the refrigerant in the compressor calculated based on the high pressure HP.
- the PIVm calculation unit 103 calculates a target combustion fluctuation value PIVm from the PIV map 50 of the storage unit 120 based on the target engine speed Nm and the engine load L.
- the PIV calculation unit 105 calculates an actual combustion fluctuation value PIV based on the difference in engine speed between the engine speed N and the instantaneous engine speed n1, n2, and n3 in the combustion stroke of each cylinder.
- the GVM calculating unit 101 has a function of calculating a fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve opening GVM (hereinafter referred to as opening GVM) from the deviation ⁇ PIV.
- opening GVM a fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve opening GVM
- the opening correction control will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
- the controller 100 has a function of performing opening degree correction control of the fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve 35 as the opening degree correcting means 300.
- the controller 100 determines whether or not the accumulated operation time sum_t of the engine 2 has reached a predetermined time t_int (S110).
- the accumulated operation time sum_t is an accumulated operation time that is calculated after installation on site or after maintenance.
- the controller 100 forcibly increases the opening degree GVM to the opening degree command value by the GVM calculating unit 101 by a predetermined amount d (S120), and the sampling number n and The setting of the number of extreme values m is 1 (S130).
- the sampling number n represents the number of times the opening degree GVM is sampled from the start of the opening degree correction control. That is, GVM (n) is the opening degree GVM sampled by the controller 100 for the nth time.
- the number of extreme values m represents the number of extreme values from the start of the opening degree correction control when the extreme value to be detected when the local maximum value and the local minimum value are combined into the extreme value.
- the opening GVM is forcibly reduced by a predetermined amount d, that is, when the fuel gas is reduced and the initial value of the extreme number m is set to 1, the opening GVM is set when the extreme number m is an odd number. The maximum value appears, and when it is an even number, the minimum value of the opening degree GVM appears.
- the controller 100 calculates the actual combustion fluctuation value PIV (S140) by the opening degree adjusting means 200 as described above, and calculates the opening degree GVM (n) so as to converge to the target combustion fluctuation value PIVm ( S150).
- the horizontal axis represents time t (s)
- the lower vertical axis represents the actual combustion fluctuation value PIV
- the upper vertical axis represents the opening degree GVM.
- the solid line represents the time series change of the opening degree GVM
- the broken line represents the time series change of the actual combustion fluctuation value PIV and the target combustion fluctuation value PIVm.
- the controller 100 decreases the opening degree GVM so as to return the actual combustion fluctuation value PIV that rapidly decreases to the target combustion fluctuation value PIVm. In this way, the opening degree GVM and the actual combustion fluctuation value PIV are repeatedly increased and decreased to converge toward the target combustion fluctuation value PIVm.
- the opening correction control is a control that performs opening correction based on the maximum value and the minimum value of the opening GVM at this time.
- S210 to S360 the controller 100 calculates two local maximum values GVMmax1 and GVMmax2 and local minimum values GVMmin1 and GVMmin2 for the opening GVM (n) after the opening GVM is forcibly increased by a predetermined amount d (FIG. 6).
- S210 is a step of determining whether GVM (n) to be determined is a process toward a minimum value or a process toward a maximum value. As described above, if the extreme value number m is an odd number, the GVM (n) to be determined is a minimum value, and if the extreme value number m is an even number, it is a maximum value.
- S220 is a step of determining whether GVM (n) is greater than GVM (n-1), that is, whether it is a minimum value.
- S250 is a step of determining whether GVM (n) is smaller than GVM (n-1), that is, a maximum value.
- S240 and S270 are steps for increasing the number of samplings n and returning to S140 again until GVM (n) reaches the minimum and maximum values.
- S230 and 260 are steps for determining whether the maximum value (or minimum value) is first or second from the start of the opening degree correction control.
- S310 and 320 are steps in which the current GVM (n) is set to the first minimum value GVMmin1 and the second minimum value GVMmin2.
- S330 and 340 are steps in which the current GVM (n) is set to the first maximum value GVMmax1 and the second maximum value GVMmax2.
- S350 is a step of increasing the number m of extreme values by 1 when a local maximum value (or local minimum value) is detected.
- S360 is a step in which it is determined whether the number of extreme values m is greater than 4, and if it is greater than 4, the detection of extreme values is terminated, and the process proceeds to S410. That is, the extreme value detection step started from S130 is ended when the local minimum value and the local maximum value are detected twice.
- the controller 100 calculates the average maximum value GVMmax from the average of the maximum values GVMmax1 and GVMmax2 (S410). At the same time, the controller 100 calculates the average minimum value GVMmin from the average of the minimum values GVMmin1 and GVMmin2 (S410). Next, the controller 100 calculates, as the opening update value GVM_rn, an internal value of W vs. 1-W of the average minimum value GVMmin and the average maximum value GVMmax using the weighting factor W (S420). Next, the controller 100 calculates an opening correction value GVM_rv obtained by subtracting the opening update value GVM_rn calculated in the previous opening correction control from the opening update value GVM_rn (S430). The opening update value GVM_rn is an absolute amount, and the difference from the previous update value is used as the current update value.
- the maximum values GVMmax1 and GVMmax2 and the minimum values GVMmin1 and GVMmin2 of the opening degree GVM can be determined in a short time.
- the calculation accuracy of the opening correction value GVM_rv can be improved. That is, the opening degree correction for maintaining the lean combustion of the fuel gas supply amount adjusting valve 35 can be performed in a short time and accurately without using an exhaust pressure sensor or the like. Further, since the actual combustion fluctuation value PIV can be converged to the target combustion fluctuation value PIVm regardless of the reduction of the intake flow rate due to the aging deterioration of the intake passage, the NOx generation amount can be reduced.
- the present invention can be used for a gas engine.
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Abstract
Description
特開平10-131795号公報に開示される希薄燃焼制御方法は、排ガス経路中に設けた排気圧センサーに基づいて失火しない程度の希薄燃焼となるように燃料ガス供給量調整弁の開度を設定する。
しかし、特開平10-131795号公報に開示される希薄燃焼制御方法では、高価な排気圧センサーが必要であるため、製品コストが嵩む点で不利である。
さらに、例えばエンジン駆動式ヒートポンプに搭載されるガスエンジンの開度補正は、現地設置後でも適宜に行われる。そのため、燃料ガス供給量の開度補正は、短時間で行うことが望まれる。
本実施形態において、エンジン2は、エンジン駆動式ヒートポンプに搭載されるものとする。
エンジン2は、天然ガス等の気体状の燃料ガスを用いる3気筒のガスエンジンであって、図示される気筒を含めて3つの気筒を備えている。
エンジン2は、吸気経路、燃料ガス供給経路、エンジン本体、排気経路を備えて構成されている。
吸気経路は、外部から取り込む空気と燃料ガスとを後述するミキサ3により混合して生成した混合ガスを供給する吸気配管11及び空気中に含まれる塵挨等を除去するエアクリーナー12によって構成されている。
エンジン本体は、混合ガスを燃焼させるための空間である燃焼室21a、シリンダヘッド21において開閉動作を行うことにより吸気配管11と燃焼室21aとを連通又は遮断する吸気バルブ23、燃焼室21aに供給された混合ガスを燃焼させるために火花を発生する点火プラグ22、燃焼室21aに供給された混合ガスが燃焼し、膨張することにより上下方向に摺動するピストン25、ピストン25の往復運動により回転運動するクランク軸26、並びにシリンダヘッド21において開閉動作を行うことにより排気配管13と燃焼室21aとを連通または遮断する排気バルブ24、を備えて構成されている。
排気経路は、燃焼室21aで混合ガスが燃焼することにより生成する排気ガスをエンジン2の外部に排出する排気配管13によって構成されている。
ガスエンジン制御装置1は、主に燃料ガス供給量調整弁35、エンジン回転数センサー132、高圧センサー131、各種演算を行うElectronic Control Unit(以下ECUと称する)150等を含んで構成されている。エンジン回転数検出手段としてのエンジン回転数センサー132は、クランク軸
26と同期回転する歯車の所定角度毎のパルス信号を計測可能なセンサーである。本実施形態では、1燃焼サイクル(クランク軸26の2回転)相当のパルス数計測時間に基づいてエンジン回転数Nを算出している。一方で、気筒毎の燃焼行程相当のパルス数計測時間に基づいて当該気筒の瞬時エンジン回転数n1、n2、n3を算出している。
エンジン負荷検出手段としての高圧センサー131は、エンジン駆動式ヒートポンプの圧縮機の吐出圧力(高圧圧力HP)を検出する。そして、図示しない圧縮機による冷媒の断熱圧縮仕事を算出する。エンジン負荷検出手段としては、その他にエンジン冷却水温度やエンジン潤滑油温度、圧力を検出して、これらと負荷との相関関係から算出しても良い。
ECU150は、後述する開度調整手段200及び開度補正手段300としての機能を有するコントローラ100、並びに記憶部120を含んで構成されている。
PIVマップ50は、エンジン回転数Nとエンジン負荷Lに対応した目標希薄燃焼域に相当する目標燃焼変動値PIVmをプロットしたものである。ここで、PIVマップ50は、予めECU150に含まれる記憶部120に記憶されているマップである。
ここで、各気筒の燃料供給量が理論空燃比に近い程、エンジン回転数Nとその気筒の燃焼行程の瞬時エンジン回転数n1、n2、n3との回転数差が小さく、希薄燃焼域では回転数差が大きくなるという、相関があり、この回転数差に基づく関数を燃焼変動値としている。
すなわち、燃焼変動値が大きい程、希薄燃焼域でNOx発生量を低減でき(但し、失火し易い)、燃焼変動値が小さい程、理論空燃比に近く、NOx発生量が増加(但し、失火し難い)する。目標燃焼変動値PIVmは、失火しない限界近傍の希薄燃焼域に相当するように選定される。
コントローラ100は、開度調整手段200として、燃料ガス供給量調整弁35の開度調整制御を行う機能を有している。
目標エンジン回転数設定部(Nm演算部)102、目標燃焼変動値算出部(PIVm算出部)103、開度演算部(GVM演算部)101、及び燃焼変動値演算部(PIV演算部)105は、開度調整手段200としてのコントローラ100のそれぞれの機能である。
まず、Nm演算部102は、高圧圧力HPに基づいて算出される圧縮機での冷媒の断熱圧縮仕事であるエンジン負荷Lに基づいて、目標エンジン回転数Nmを算出する。次に、PIVm算出部103は、目標エンジン回転数Nm及びエンジン負荷Lに基づいて記憶部120のPIVマップ50より目標燃焼変動値PIVmを算出する。一方、PIV演算部105は、エンジン回転数Nと各気筒の燃焼行程での瞬時エンジン回転数n1・n2・n3とのエンジン回転数差に基づく実燃焼変動値PIVを演算する。ここで、GVM演算部101は、偏差ΔPIVから、燃料ガス供給量調整弁開度GVM(以下、開度GVM)を演算する機能を有する。ここで、偏差ΔPIVとは、目標燃焼変動値PIVmと実燃焼変動値PIVとの偏差である。
コントローラ100は、開度補正手段300として、燃料ガス供給量調整弁35の開度補正制御を行う機能を有する。
まず、コントローラ100は、エンジン2の積算運転時間sum_tが所定時期t_intに到達したかどうかを判定する(S110)。ここで、積算運転時間sum_tとは、現地設置後又はメンテナンス後から起算する積算運転時間である。
次に、コントローラ100は、積算運転時間sum_tが所定時期t_intに到達したならば、開度GVMをGVM演算部101による開度指令値に所定量dだけ強制増加させ(S120)、サンプリング数n及び極値数mの設定を1とする(S130)。ここで、サンプリング数nは、開度補正制御開始から開度GVMをサンプリングした回数を表している。つまり、GVM(n)は、コントローラ100がn回目にサンプリングした開度GVMである。また、極値数mは、極大値及び極小値を併せて極値としたときに、現在検出しようとする極値が開度補正制御開始から何番目の極値であるかを表している。本実施形態のように制御当初に開度GVMを強制増加し、すなわち、燃料ガスを増加し、極値数mの初期値を1とする場合は、極値数mが奇数のときに開度GVMの極小値が出現し、偶数のときに開度GVMの極大値が出現する。
なお、開度GVMを所定量dだけ強制減少させて、すなわち、燃料ガスを減少し、極値数mの初期値を1とする場合は、極値数mが奇数のときに開度GVMの極大値が出現し、偶数のときに開度GVMの極小値が出現する。
次に、コントローラ100は、上述したように開度調整手段200によって、実燃焼変動値PIV(S140)を算出し、目標燃焼変動値PIVmに収束するように開度GVM(n)を算出する(S150)。
図6は、横軸を時間t(s)、縦軸下側を実燃焼変動値PIV並びに縦軸上側を開度GVMとして表されている。また、図6において、実線は開度GVMの時系列変化を表しており、破線は実燃焼変動値PIVの時系列変化及び目標燃焼変動値PIVmを表している。S120において、開度GVMを所定量dを強制増加させたため、実燃焼変動値PIVは急激に減少する。コントローラ100は、急激に減少する実燃焼変動値PIVを目標燃焼変動値PIVmに復帰させようとして、開度GVMを減少させる。
このようにして、開度GVM及び実燃焼変動値PIVは、互いに増加及び減少を繰り返して目標燃焼変動値PIVmに向かって収束する。開度補正制御は、このときの開度GVMの極大値及び極小値に基づいて、開度補正を行う制御である。
S210~S360において、コントローラ100は、開度GVMを所定量dだけ強制増加させてからの開度GVM(n)について、それぞれ2つの極大値GVMmax1・GVMmax2及び極小値GVMmin1・GVMmin2を算出する(図6参照)。
S210は、これから決定しようとするGVM(n)が極小値に向かう過程であるか、極大値に向かう過程であるかを判断するステップである。上述したように、極値数mが奇数であれば、これから決定しようとするGVM(n)は極小値であり、極値数mが偶数であれば、極大値である。
S220は、GVM(n)がGVM(n-1)より大きい、すなわち極小値であるかを判定するステップである。S250は、GVM(n)がGVM(n-1)より小さい、すなわち極大値であるかを判定するステップである。
S240、S270は、GVM(n)が極小値、極大値に到達するまで、サンプリング数nを増加して、再度S140に戻るためのステップである。
S230及び260は、極大値(又は極小値)が、開度補正制御開始からそれぞれ1番目か2番目かを判定するステップである。
S310、320は、現在のGVM(n)を1番目の極小値GVMmin1、2番目の極小値GVMmin2とするステップである。他方、S330、340は、現在のGVM(n)を1番目の極大値GVMmax1、2番目の極大値GVMmax2とするステップである。
S350は、極大値(又は極小値)を検出したならば、極値数mを1増加するステップである。S360は、極値数mが4より大きいかを判定し、4より大きければ極値の検出を終了し、S410へ移行するステップである。すなわち、極小値、極大値をそれぞれ、2回ずつ検出した段階でS130から開始した極値検出ステップを終了する。
まず、コントローラ100は、極大値GVMmax1・GVMmax2の平均より、平均極大値GVMmaxを算出する(S410)。同時に、コントローラ100は、極小値GVMmin1・GVMmin2の平均より、平均極小値GVMminを算出する(S410)。
次に、コントローラ100は、重み係数Wにより平均極小値GVMminと平均極大値GVMmaxのW対1-Wの内分値を開度更新値GVM_rnとして算出する(S420)。
次に、コントローラ100は、開度更新値GVM_rnから前回の開度補正制御において算出した開度更新値GVM_rnを差し引いた開度補正値GVM_rvを算出する(S430)。開度更新値GVM_rnは絶対量であり、前回更新値との差分を今回の更新値とするのである。
また、実燃焼変動値PIVを吸気経路の経年劣化による吸気流量の低下に係らず目標燃焼変動値PIVmに収束できるため、NOx発生量の低減が可能となる。
さらに、補正値算出に用いる極大値及び極小値をそれぞれ2回ずつまでの検出に留めることで、時間短縮と精度向上を両立する上で最適な制御を実行できる。
さらに、平均極小値GVMmin又は平均極大値GVMmaxに重み付けをすることで、平均極小値GVMminに重みを付ける希薄燃焼重視、或いは平均極大値GVMmaxに重みを付ける失火防止重視の選択ができる。
Claims (3)
- エンジン負荷を検出するエンジン負荷検出手段と、
エンジン回転数を検出するエンジン回転数検出手段と、
吸気経路へ合流する燃料ガス供給経路に設けられ、該吸気経路への燃料ガス供給量を調整する燃料ガス供給量調整手段と、
1燃焼サイクルにおける各気筒の燃焼行程での瞬時エンジン回転数とエンジン回転数と
のエンジン回転数差に基づく燃焼変動値を、前記エンジン負荷に基づく目標燃焼変動値に収束するように前記燃料ガス供給量調整手段を調整する開度調整手段と、
を有するガスエンジン制御装置において、
所定時期において、前記燃料ガス供給量調整手段の開度を強制的に増加又は減少させ、前記目標燃焼変動値への収束過程における前記開度の極大値及び極小値に基づいて、開度補正値を算出する開度補正手段を備えることを特徴とするガスエンジン制御装置。 - 請求項1記載のガスエンジン制御装置において、
前記開度補正手段は、目標燃焼変動値への収束過程の開度の極大値及び極小値について重み係数を乗じた内分値に基づいて開度補正値を算出することを特徴とするガスエンジン制御装置。 - 請求項1又は2記載のガスエンジン制御装置において、
前記開度補正手段は、目標燃焼変動値への収束過程の開度の極大値及び極小値を2回ずつ検出し、これら2つの極大値及び2つの極小値に基づいて開度補正値を算出することを特徴とするガスエンジン制御装置。
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CN2009801091081A CN101970836B (zh) | 2008-03-24 | 2009-03-23 | 燃气发动机控制装置 |
AU2009230168A AU2009230168B2 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2009-03-23 | Gas engine controller |
KR1020107017570A KR101222176B1 (ko) | 2008-03-24 | 2009-03-23 | 가스 엔진 제어 장치 |
EP09725879.2A EP2275658B1 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2009-03-23 | Gas engine controller |
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CN107747549B (zh) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-05-31 | 江苏大学 | 一种离心泵内部流场观测试验台 |
JP7457663B2 (ja) | 2021-02-12 | 2024-03-28 | 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 | エンジン制御装置、エンジン制御方法およびプログラム |
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JPH0893568A (ja) * | 1994-09-27 | 1996-04-09 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | ガスエンジンの運転制御方法及び装置 |
JPH10131795A (ja) | 1996-10-29 | 1998-05-19 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 内燃エンジンの希薄燃焼制御方法 |
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CN101970836B (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
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EP2275658B1 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
AU2009230168B2 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
EP2275658A4 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
KR20100112614A (ko) | 2010-10-19 |
EP2275658A1 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
CN101970836A (zh) | 2011-02-09 |
KR101222176B1 (ko) | 2013-01-14 |
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