WO2009112562A1

WO2009112562A1 - Door drive device, in particular direct drive

Info

Publication number: WO2009112562A1
Application number: PCT/EP2009/052951
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Sanke; Sepp Lachenmaier; Volker Quast
Original assignee: Hörmann KG Antriebstechnik
Priority date: 2008-03-12
Filing date: 2009-03-12
Publication date: 2009-09-17
Also published as: DE102009007634B4; EP2262969A1; DE102009007634A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a door drive device, in particular for driving a door which is to be at least partially raised, having an electric motor with a rotor (14) and a stator (17). To create a reliable door drive with improved efficiency, it is proposed that a holding and/or braking device (132, 18) be provided for holding or braking the rotor (14) during rest periods and/or in the event of faults.

Description

DOOR DRIVE DEVICE, ESPECIALLY DIRECT DRIVE

The invention relates to a door drive device according to the preamble of appended patent claim 1 Such a door drive device is known, for example, from EP 1 426 538 A2. The invention relates in particular to a door drive for driving a gate to be lifted

Industrial doors and garage doors are used to open and close mainly driven by worm gear motors in the Antπebsgehause the Torantπebs an electric motor is arranged, which transmits its power via a worm gear to an output shaft The worm gear stifles the driving force

Worm gears are self-locking, so that at standstill or failure of the Torantπebes still the gate - even in the raised state - held over the gearbox This is particularly important for meeting safety standards of recent European standards important

Almost all currently used motors are permanently magnet-induced motors or induction motors. All have a reduction gear upstream, which in addition to the reduction function mainly brake functions and self-locking functions - also with regard to Aufschiebeschutz - have

In particular, the initially mentioned EP 1 426 538 A2 describes a so-called Wellentorantrieb, which is designed to drive a door shaft. Many gates, such as garage or industrial doors, nowadays have a door shaft, which is rotatably connected to a gate If the door leaf moves, the door shaft rotates, and if the door shaft rotates, the door leaf moves as torsion spring torsion spring shafts (eg sectional doors, tilting, swiveling or lifting doors) or winding shafts (eg Torsion spring shafts have a torsion spring that tensions or relieves when turning the Torwelle With this torsion spring can thus compensate for the weight of an upward or overhead to be moved Torflugeis and thus a Gewichtsausgleichseinπchtung for the gate create A winding shaft is used in rolling doors or rolling grilles to wind the designed as a rolling tank gate

The known Wellentorantnebe have as a motor to a cost-effective DC motor, which is designed as a geared motor with a self-locking worm gear Such gear motors are identical, for example, as wiper motors of Motor vehicles used and are therefore in mass production according to cost on the

Market available At the same time, the worm gear offers a safety advantage, as its self-locking prevents unwanted Torwellen rotation, be it in burglary attempts, or in case of failure of a counterbalance device

However, the performance of such DC Getπebemotoren leave open to correspondingly larger doors to move, appropriate reduction gear must be used in known door drive device

A disadvantage of the known door drive devices is then that in a loss of Gewichtsausgleichseinπchtung the entire Torflugelgewicht resting on the drive train of the door drive This can lead to damage is decoupled in such a state with raised door the Torwelle from the geared motor, for example by pressing a coupling device to the Then manually operate the gate, the gate crashes and can damage objects underneath or injure persons standing underneath

Therefore, many efforts have been made to develop safety devices for preventing a fall in the door sails. Some solutions - as described, for example, in EP 1 279 789 B1 - tend to permit disconnection only when the door leaf is closed and / or in the unloaded state Other solutions As disclosed, for example, in EP 1 418 296 B1, the uncoupling makes accessibility only difficult, in order to warn the operators of the dangers

In particular, the mandatory to meet the relevant standards so far self-locking of the geared motor has the disadvantage that at each Storfall, such as power failure, the gate remains immobile and is held for manual operation you have the goal, namely in particular the door shaft, from self-locking gear Uncoupling of the geared motor Thus, the previous door drives are provided with a decoupling unit for decoupling the Torflugeis of the engine by default, to move the gate by hand in case of power failure or the like Such decoupling is also mandatory in many cases, as in many garages or warehouses the gate was the only access and then persons were trapped in Storfallen the door drive

On the other hand, the known door drives are controlled by means of taught-in door positions The gate operators are provided with position encoders that detect a rotational position of the drive For example, incremental encoders are provided on the motor shaft, which give impulses when turning, so that the rotational position can be detected via a payer But there are Gate drives with absolute value encoders are also available on the market, which do not record the rotational position relative to pulses, but absolutely, eg via potentiometers or Hall sensors. For all these gate drives, it is a common feature that during a learning run after assembly, the door positions (opening and closing position as well as any intermediate positions) and are assigned to it by the relative or absolute position encoders in the door drive. A controller controls In particular, shortly before reaching the respective end position is a deceleration and when reaching the end position a shutdown The accuracy of the taught positions and their control are dependent on the game of the respective intermediate gear used Therefore, the gear must be made either very accurate , or measures must be taken at the gate for a certain false control So z B Tor and drive had to withstand a faulty retraction of the gate with full force in the end position, if this was stored correspondingly inaccurate and the reaching of the end position was not recognized Also need - at least for incremental encoders - after each uncoupling, the door positions have to be taught in again Many gate drives therefore start a learn run again by default after a power failure and / or after a decoupling. This is often confusing and unsatisfactory for the operator

A major disadvantage of the previously used door drives is that the necessary self-locking reduction gear only have a relatively poor efficiency

The object of the invention is to provide a door drive provided for door drives safety regulations sufficient, which has a higher efficiency compared to previously known gate drives and / or requires less energy

This object is achieved by a door drive device according to claim 1

The aim of some particularly preferred embodiments of the invention is to make a door drive device referred to in the preamble of claim 1 in spite of higher Bedienfreundhchkeit safer Preferably, it should be especially easy to interpret in higher performance levels and / or be controlled with particular precision According to a particularly preferred embodiment of Invention, the aforementioned disadvantages of the known door drives should be avoided

Advantageous embodiments that achieve one, some or all of these goals are the subject of the dependent claims

Preferably, a drive of industrial doors and garage doors is created in which the drive for opening and closing of the door by a direct drive (torque motor), preferably without downstream gear reduction takes place

In or on the direct drive is preferably at least one - in particular switchable - braking device provided to brake the motor unit at least in the de-energized state and / or hold

Preferably, at least one of the following safety functions is integrated into the door drive itself, more preferably within the door housing, more particularly directly on the electric motor. • Keeping the door in a stop position (gate closed or gate open), ^β holding the gate in case of spring breakage and power failure, β catching (braking) and holding the gate during spring break during the movement,

»Impact protection of persons and objects during closing and closing

Opening movement and / or

»Manual operation for opening and closing the door without electric current The door operator particularly preferably has all these safety functions

For this purpose, according to advantageous embodiments of the invention, corresponding devices are provided on the direct drive. In particular, at least one of the following devices is provided integrated on the drive

A holding device for holding the gate in a holding position and / or for holding the gate in the event of a spring break and / or power failure,

A catch and / or brake device for braking and / or catching and / or holding the gate in the case of Storfallen such as spring breakage or power failure or the like,

»A force shut-off device for switching off the drive when a force threshold and / or

• An emergency operation device for manual operation of the gate in the case of Storfallen

The torque motor is particularly preferably used as a direct drive. Direct drives are drives in which the electric machine and the working machine are directly connected. The motor is designed so that it directly has the speed of the working machine, a transmission is dispensed with Substantial advantages of Direktantπebs are Gearbox elimination, integrated drive and high dynamics Gearbox elimination eliminates gearbox costs, reduces wear and noise, eliminates oil and gearbox maintenance, reduces space requirements and increases system stiffness The advantages of the integrated drive are the more compact design, the lower dead masses and a high power density Due to the high dynamics control operations can be made very accurately and accurately Due to the lack of clearance these control processes go The door can be controlled so much more precisely. A major advantage of the direct engine coupling is that directly on the engine, forces are directly available on the gate, even if smaller loads act on the door, for example then, if it drives on a soft obstacle, this can immediately be memorized and tapped on the direct drive The engine is overall much more sensitive than in the previous solutions with intermediate gear The drive can thus be controlled much more direct and sensitive It can also be much more specific profiles such as a very fast run in the intermediate area between the end positions and a very smooth approach to the end positions Due to the more precise control, it is very unlikely that the gate will have higher loads due to the drive. The gate and its entire transmission between the gate The door and the closing edge of the door can be made much more filigree, so that a considerable amount of material can be saved. Thus, the goal overall filigree and cheaper to build A torque motor is a gearless direct drive with very high torque and relatively low speeds A torque motor can be simplified as a high torque optimized, large servomotor with hollow shaft Physically and mathematically it has largely the same basis for calculation as a high-pole servo motor on torque motors are so far for fast and exact positioning and positioning tasks used in the machine tool sector

Special features of the torque motor are

• A short and compact design, in a torque motor, the diameter is relatively large in relation to engine length,

• Gearbox or timing belt omitted,

• there is a cost saving as energy and maintenance costs can be saved

A Hohlwellenausfuhrung allows an immediate placement on Torwellen or the like,

• there is no backlash,

• The rigidity is higher than with known drives

In an application as a door drive, the following advantages in particular arise

• The direct drive and in particular the torque motor is particularly easy to integrate with a gate, it can for example be placed directly on the door shaft,

• the axial position of the torque motor or direct motor can be selected locally, depending on the circumstances;

• Due to the lack of gearbox, there is a considerable freedom from maintenance for the drive train between the electric motor and the door shaft,

• the overall efficiency is considerably improved, «flexible assembly concepts are possible,

»The re-accuracy between multiple door runs is much improved,» the door drive can be controlled and controlled much more accurately and precisely,

• the noise development of the overall system can be significantly reduced,

»The dynamics of the door drive are far better than known systems. Β The direct drive can also be used in high-speed doors in particular

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides a door drive device for driving a gate having a gate and a door shaft, wherein the door shaft is rotatably coupled to the door leaf, so that the door leaf moves upon rotation of the door shaft and the door shaft rotates upon movement of the door leaf wherein the door drive device comprises a Abtπebwellen for placement or for possible coupling to the Torwelle to drive the Torwelle and thereby the gate, and a motor for driving the output shaft The inventive Torantriebsvorrichtung further preferably comprises a switchable braking device for braking and / or blocking the output shaft when the engine is stopped and a switching device for releasing the brake when running the engine

Even if the door shaft is decoupled from the engine or the motor is connected freely rotating with the door shaft without any self-locking, the door shaft is still held by the braking device is therefore no longer on self-locking In addition, very precisely controllable motors, such as synchronous motors and in particular direct motors such as torque motors can be used particularly preferred may now be a permanent coupling of the door shaft (without Entkupplungsmoglichkeit) to a freely rotating rotor of a Motors are made so that the rotor and the door shaft with dissolved brake device more or less unhindered freely rotate together This also manual movement in case of power failure without disconnection is possible Even after such a manual movement can be always detect the correct door position without re-learning exactly on the door drive itself, especially directly on the engine, where due to the already necessary circuitry a simple signal picking a rotary sensor is possible

If the gate is raised, it is possible to achieve, for example by controlled switching of the braking device, a slow shut-down of the gate flying ice even if the counterbalancing device fails

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the braking device has at least one spring brake, preferably a first coil spring brake or coil spring brake, the one wound around the output shaft or coupled to rotate together with the output shaft brake shaft coil or coil spring - in the following simply called brake spring - has to brake and block the output shaft or the brake shaft when rotating in a first direction

Such a spring brake has decisive advantages On the one hand, it is relatively easy and easy to assemble. It is a mechanical brake that works safely and long-lasting even with little or no maintenance. Nevertheless, a high braking force can be achieved by turning in the direction for the spring brake acts, the spring wraps around the associated shaft around which it is wrapped tightly This may be a separate brake shaft, preferably with a non-positive or formschlüssigen gear, such as a belt or gear, safely with This solution is often the most practical solution for reasons of space. In another embodiment, however, the brake spring can also be wound or looped directly around a part of the output shaft. If the spring is now tightened, it is caught by the rotating shaft Spring with and pulls them by turning the spring only fe This increases the frictional forces of the spring Continuing to turn further and further upwards There is a continuous, but rapidly increasing, braking torque that causes the shaft to stop

Such a spiral or coil springs usually act only in one direction braking the shaft is rotated in the other direction, it takes the spring again with and loosens them Thus, a simple construction for braking in only one direction of rotation is created, so that when rotated In the opposite direction no lots of spring brake is required The spring brake thus forms a kind Freilaufeinπchtung, which is particularly simple and yet easy and safe to use

In simpler versions, it may be sufficient to provide only one effective in one direction spring brake unit Accordingly, this first spiral or coil spring brake as needed for acting in the Offnungsπchtung associated direction of rotation or acting in the reverse direction of rotation, which corresponds to the closing movement of Torflugeis, When braking the closing rotation, in the case of upwardly opening doors, the door wing can be prevented from falling if the counterbalancing device fails. Braking in opening direction counteracts unwanted opening and acts, for example, as burglary protection or to hold the door closed, eg in the closed position. to achieve special tightness

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the braking device for braking and locking is designed in both directions For this purpose, in particular in an advantageous embodiment of the invention in addition to the at least one first spring brake still effective in the opposite direction of rotation second spring brake is provided in a preferred practical execution this version is provided that the braking device has at least one second coil spring brake or coil spring brake, which has a wound around the output shaft or the brake shaft or coupled to the common rotation with the output shaft further brake shaft wound coil or coil spring to the output shaft or the brake shaft or the to brake and block another brake shaft when rotating in a first direction

The second brake spring may act on the same shaft as the first brake spring. In this case, the second brake spring is preferably wound in the opposite direction as the first brake spring. However, a separate brake shaft may also be provided for the second brake spring

Preferably, the switching device has at least one switchable spring loosening unit for loosening the spiral or helical spring from the shaft around which it is looped. Thus, by manipulating the spring loosening unit, the brake spring can be slackened, so that the shaft also releases the spring when rotating in the corresponding braking direction not for further dressing As a result, the shaft can then be freely rotated for driving, be it by means of the motor or by means of an optionally provided manual actuation device

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one brake spring biased at rest engages the associated shaft so that the braking device is actuated at rest and the Torwelle braked upon rotation in the braking direction by the braking device and in the further course is completely blocked For each desired rotation of a biased in the engagement position spring brake first the switching device is actuated to release the spring brake Thus, the spring loosening unit is switched, the bias of the brake spring to their associated wave lost and thereby allows rotation of the shaft Through such a design a backup function in the de-energized state of the door drive device is ensured

Preferably, a Manualbetatigungseinπchtung or Handbetatigungseinπchtung for manually moving the output shaft is provided, which has a switching mechanism for releasing the brake device in manual operation and for attracting the braking device at the end of Handbetatigung particularly preferably let alone by Betatigen Handbetatigungseinπchtung also the brake loose, so that a simple operation is created

This solution can be structurally particularly simple to produce by means of the brake springs, which, for example, by an initial rotation or tilting acting as a switching mechanism element of Handbetatigungseinπchtung, which is automatically rotated or tilted by hand, loosen and thus loose

Particularly preferably, the motor is seated on the output shaft, so that the output shaft is formed by a motor shaft of the motor or is formed on a rotor of the motor This allows a compact, low-maintenance and durable door drive create, as is dispensed with intermediate gear Preferably, the engine as Torque motor can be flanged directly to the door shaft

With permanent coupling without uncoupling possibility, it is particularly easy to always grasp the absolute door shaft position and thus the absolute door position on the motor itself

Such a design creates a compact and durable direct drive for high efficiency doors

A particularly efficient and precisely controllable door drive is created by means of the door drive device when the motor is a multi-pole synchronous motor Such motors can be controlled quickly, accurately and effectively and are also for fast driving particularly difficult doors can be laid out Any desired door position can thus be approached particularly precisely by means of the door drive device. This allows precise door control to avoid strains on the door that could result from an inaccurate approach to the end positions The invention accordingly also encompasses a combination of a door, in particular with a door shaft, with a door drive device designed according to the invention or designed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention

Due to the execution as a direct drive or Torquemotorantπeb particular friction in the interior of the door drive and Effektivitatsverluste can avoid in transmissions, so that the door drive can be operated very energy efficient Due to a lack of self-locking, especially when using a torque motor, the motor can also be used as a generator for the shift operation This has particular advantages in a Akkumulatorbetrieb to more distant from a power supply or separate locations The braking device ensures that despite the lack of self-locking and the special smooth running a particularly secure door drive device is created, which all despite the advantages mentioned a lack of self-locking einschlagigen Safety regulations met

In concrete practical embodiment of the invention, a high-pitched synchronous motor is connected directly to the door shaft and drives it to open and close the gate thereby creating a direct drive for gates

The control of the motor is preferably via a frequency converter, which makes it possible to accelerate, to delay and to drive in different sectors of Torweges different speeds

It is further preferred that the door drive device is designed for active closing of the door under pressure of the door in the Schheßposition

In a preferred embodiment, for this purpose, a lifting or overhead gate when driving in the Schheßposition placed on the ground and to achieve a seal on the ground (for example, opaque and / or weatherproof) imprinted this is preferably designed as a synchronous machine door drive the gate with a ground speed on the ground The moving mass of the goalwing ice compresses a seal (eg rubber seal) arranged at the lower end of the door wing ice

As is well known, setpoint positions are stored in a controller of the door operator, in particular the set position for the closed position and the open position when the aforementioned start the target position is reached, the immediately incident brake is actuated and the engine is turned off

Preferably, the door drive device comprises a spring brake, which further preferably contains the following elements

A motor gear on the engine,

• a brake shaft gear on a brake shaft and

»At least two spiral or coil springs as brake springs, which are preferably both attached to the brake shaft

These brake springs wrap around the brake shaft each with a left-hand spiral or left-hand spiral and with a right-hand spiral or right-hand spiral and thus act differently for left-hand and right-hand rotation

In a practical embodiment may be provided between the engine gear and the brake shaft gear yet another gear for providing an advantageous translation between the brake shaft and engine A relation to the engine significantly faster rotation of the brake shaft on the one hand has the advantage that a setting of the brake shaft by the firmly screwing Brake springs can be done very quickly, on the other hand, the advantage that the braking force can be amplified by the translation

Preferably, the brake springs are in the idle state by another biasing device, in particular provided with further spring elements (for example helical or coil springs) to the brake shaft. For this purpose, the brake springs are preferably provided with straight bent legs or ends on which biasing and / or switching elements attack By biasing the thus formed as a torsion spring brake springs are pressed onto the brake shaft so that they tightly enclose the brake shaft and generate by self-locking a very strong braking effect, in each case for one direction of rotation

As a switching element (preferably as a switching element of the spring loosening device) can be used in particular at least one solenoid to start the drive, then in particular by the electromagnet, the legs or ends of the brake springs ventilate, so that, for example, a minimal clearance between the wraparound brake springs and the Brake shaft is formed The motor connected via the motor gear and the brake gear to the brake shaft, preferably designed as a synchronous motor can now rotate freely

Due to this construction of the spring brake, a safety component has arisen which, in the event of a power failure or power cutoff, in any case leads to an immediate deceleration of the synchronous machine and thus of the door

If the gate is to be stopped in any position, this spring brake can also be closed by switching off the electromagnet and the synchronous motor is switched off Use of the electromagnet or a comparable switching element that loosens the brake springs when energized and releases the bias in the braking position in the de-energized state, it allows that the switching element is easily controlled together with the motor and that so always when the motor is energized release of the Brake and when switching off the motor current closing the brake takes place

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a counterbalance failure sensor, in particular a spring breakage sensor, for detecting a failure of a weight balancing device of the door, in particular for detecting a spring breakage of a weight compensation spring - z torsion spring - provided, which is connected to the braking device to this in the case of Failure of Gewichtsausgleichseinπchtung (z B due to a spring break) immediately put in the braking state

In a further preferred embodiment, an absolute encoder is connected to the output shaft, which assigns a specific signal to each rotational position of the output shaft, so that based on the sensor signals, the absolute position of the output shaft and thus the associated door is associated

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the absolute value encoder serves as weight loss sensor or spring breakage sensor. This is preferably done in such a way that a rotational speed is detected on the basis of the signals of the absolute value transmitter, a signal being emitted when a predetermined rotational speed is exceeded, the spring break or other failure of a weight compensation device of the connected gate displays

In a further preferred embodiment, a control is provided such that upon detection of a counterbalance failure (in particular a spring break) the braking device is effectively switched in a preferred concrete embodiment, the electromagnet switches off, whereby the spring brake is effective Thus, the synchronous motor is stopped and preferably also switched off Thus can be stopped in a very short time with a very short braking distance even with spring breakage or other loss of weight balance

Industrial doors are often installed in halls, for the beginning, when installing the gates, no electricity is available Especially for these installation situations, it is advantageous if the gate can also be operated manually For this purpose, according to an embodiment of the invention, the already mentioned above Handbetatigungseinπchtung This has, in a concrete preferred embodiment, a hand chain with which an auxiliary wheel, which can be coupled to the output shaft, can be rotated. An example of a known hand chain operation can be found in EP 1 028 223 B1, to which reference is expressly made for further details This Handbetatigungseinπchtung is brought by pivoting a bearing for the executed as a gear wheel in engagement with the drive train The storage thus acts as a switching unit of Handbetatigungseignichtung Also in a preferred embodiment of the Handbetatigungseinπchtung a very similar to the construction according to EP 1 028 223 B1 or this identical executed mechanism is provided with hand chain, auxiliary gear and swivel storage manual movement is then initiated by train on the hand chain, pulled at the purpose of door operation For example, the legs or ends of the brake springs are pivoted by the pivoted mounting, whereby the spring brake is released At the same time the auxiliary wheel is coupled to the engine or the output shaft With further pulling the hand chain is introduced via the gears a rotary motion in the engine Preferably, this is a sub As a result, even with heavy doors, manual force can be limited to a value that is permissible according to valid standards

If the hand chain is released by the operating staff in this execution, the bearing swings back again The brake springs are brought by the bias back into the detection position, where they detect their associated shaft The gate is thereby braked and stopped

The Handbetatigungseinπchtung may in particular contain a formschlussiges gear, such as a worm gear The worm gear is only the

Hand coupling is coupled and is coupled only by manual actuation to the motor. The coupling is preferably such that the formschlussige gear is engaged first before the brake springs are solved In the reverse case, when loose the Handbetatigungseinπchtung, first the spring brake is set to effective again before Clutch profile the formschlüssige transmission is separated from the engine By using a formschlussigen gear can be avoided that at partial load of Handbetatigungseinπchtung a loosening of the brake spring takes place without the gate is held by other means

Additionally or alternatively, the Handbetatigungseinπchtung also have a function of Entkupplungseinπchtung of known Torantrieben fulfilling manual Losemechanik for the gate In contrast to the known solutions previously known gate drives in the proposed solution here, however, the freely rotatable rotor of the motor remain coupled to the door shaft, in a further preferred embodiment, a manual actuation unit for manually releasing the brake device is provided. This manual actuation unit can be part of the above-mentioned hand actuation device. Industrial doors are often required to be closed manually or manually can be opened when power failure occurs Since the industrial doors usually have a Gewichtsausgleichseinπchtung, this is usually also easily possible if the door is decoupled from the drive In the proposed here solution with free running motor and additional braking device only the loosening of the braking device is required to move the gate by hand When the door is moving, the rotor of the motor can rotate along

For example, the spring brake can be released by means of a Bowden cable or the like for "unlocking." In particular, the Bowden cable can act on the spring loosening device or on the brake springs to loosen it. The door can then be moved by hand, for example, by means of a handle on the gate

With the new door drive device proposed here, in addition to the basic function of opening and closing the door also safety functions can be implemented very easily Since in a preferred embodiment no decoupling of the door of the door drive, via an absolute encoder provided on the door drive at any time, the position of the gate, even in Always a safe operation possible In particular, even extreme situations such as failure of a counterbalance device, such as by spring break, or the like can be controlled

An advantageous embodiment of the door drive is characterized in that a braking or holding function is realized by a leg spring which wraps around a rotating shaft By the rotational movement of the shaft - this can be a separate brake shaft in particular - pulls the leg spring together and thus allows braking or holding the shaft

Preferably, the outer diameter of the shaft around which the brake spring is wound, in the inner diameter of the brake spring According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a contraction of a wound around a shaft brake spring by a rotational movement of the shaft is made possible by the fact that the diameter of the associated shaft is slightly larger As the inner diameter of the looped brake spring is preferably the difference between the diameter of the shaft and the inner diameter of the wrapped brake spring about 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm

Advantageously, a self-intensification of the braking effect occurs by a contraction of the looped leg spring

By means of a braking device configured as a spring brake, at least one, several or all of the following safety functions are further preferably integrated into the door drive

»Holding the gate in a stop position (eg in the position" gate closed "or" gate open "), β holding the gate in the event of a counterbalancing device (eg spring break of a torsion spring shaft torsion spring) or in the event of power failure, «Catching (braking) and holding the gate in case of failure of one

Weight compensation device during movement, β force protection of persons and objects during the closing movement, * manual operation for opening and closing the gate without electric current

As already explained above, the brake shaft can be a separate shaft, which is connected to the electric motor and thus to the door shaft. Thus, reduction ratios or ratios can also be realized in order to adapt the braking effect accordingly other spring brake is looped directly around the door shaft or connected to the door shaft output shaft of the door drive and so the applied holding or braking torque corresponds to the torque on the door shaft

To adapt the braking force, however, it is preferred that the brake shaft is not the door shaft or the output shaft of the drive connected thereto and that the brake spring - in particular the above-mentioned leg spring - is not wound directly around the door shaft or the output shaft of the door drive connected to the door shaft, but that the applied holding torque or braking torque compared to the moment on the door shaft by means of a translation stage (in particular by means of a gear or belt drive) is reduced

In a preferred embodiment, the brake shaft is part of the rotor of a direct drive

In a further preferred embodiment, the brake shaft is part of the door drive and in particular part of an output shaft, a door shaft, or a shaft of another transmission, such as a shaft of a gear stage

Preferably brakes the brake spring, which is designed in particular as a leg spring, by contraction the rotational movement in a sense of direction (z B clockwise) or prevents this rotation completely To brake or inhibit the rotational movement in the opposite sense (z B counterclockwise) is preferably a second brake spring, in particular a second leg spring, wound around the same brake shaft The winding directions of the two brake springs are different, one in particular designed as a leg spring brake spring has a left-handed winding direction, the other in particular designed as a leg spring brake spring has a rightward winding direction

Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the enclosed drawing

1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a

Door drive device for driving a door shaft, a perspective view of the first embodiment of

Door drive device similar to the view of Figure 1, with some elements omitted for illustrative purposes,

a front view of the door drive device of Figure 1,

a side view of the door drive device of Figure 1,

1 is a rear view of the door drive device of FIG. 1;

a sectional plan view of the door drive device of Figure 1;

1 is a detail view from the front of a partial area of the door drive device of FIG. 1;

the portion of Fig. 7 seen from the side,

a detailed view of a portion of the rear view of Figure 5; and

the portion of Figure 7 from the front, with some elements have been omitted for the purpose of illustration;

a perspective view of a further embodiment of the

Door drive device in the form of a door drive designed as a direct drive with a secondary housing;

a detailed view of a provided in an embodiment of the door drive of Figure 11 catcher, and

another perspective view of the door drive of Figure 11 with parts of a

Handbetatigungseinnchtung,

a perspective view from the front to further illustrate the

Handbetätigungseinnchtung the door drive of Figure 11,

another perspective view of the door drive of Figure 11, wherein also a

Torantriebssteuerung and another element of Handbetatigungseinseinchtung are shown;

a perspective view of the door drive of Figure 11 with a lid on the

Counter-home and a wave of manual manipulation; 17 is a view similar to FIG. 16, with ready-to-use hand actuation means and FIG

18 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the

Handbetätigungseinπchtung, and

19 shows an alternative switching element for switching a braking device

The door drives 10 shown in the figures as an example of door drive devices have a torque motor (direct drive) 12 in all their different embodiments as an electric motor

For example, as described in more detail in "EBERLEIN, W, BARAN" Better Direct ", in WISSENSPORTAL baumaschine de, 1 (2005)", torque motors are direct motors which are mounted directly on anti-theft machinery without intermediate links such as gears, belts or clutches The most important components of a torque motor are a stator and a rotor A torque motor can be simply considered as a high torque optimized, large servomotor with hollow shaft

In the illustrated examples, a high-pole synchronous motor 13 is used as the torque motor 12

The torque motor 12 generates the torque required to raise and lower the door (not shown - the construction of the door is analogous to the door shown in EP 1 426 538 A2. Document EP 1 1426 538 A2 is hereby incorporated by reference) The torque motor 12 operates depending on the operating state both motor and generator Therefore, a recovery of energy when driving down the gate is possible

In this case, the torque motor 12 may be designed as an external rotor or internal rotor machine. The rotor 14 of the torque motor (direct drive) is preferably directly or coupled, but particularly preferably without an additional gear ratio, with the door shaft 102 see, for example, FIGS. 11 and 13 - for example a torsion spring shaft Sectional or tilting gates or the like) connected Rotating the rotor 14 by the wandering electromagnetic field causes the rotation of the Torwelle 102 Here, speed and torque of the rotor 14 and the door shaft 102 are preferably identical

In the case of the triggering of a force action protection sensor (not shown), the torque motor 12 receives a signal for immediate reversal of direction of rotation by means of a control electronics - door drive control 38, and the direction of rotation of the rotor 14 and thus of the door shaft is reversed immediately (in fractions of a second) In the examples shown in the figures, the torque motor 12 is designed as an external rotor machine. The rotor 14 has a hollow shaft 15 acting as the output shaft of the torque motor 12 and is inserted directly onto the torque shaft 102 with this hollow shaft, as shown by way of example in FIGS. 11 and 13 As is apparent in particular from Figures 1 to 6 and 11 and in particular Figure 4, the stator 17 of the torque motor 12 is fixedly connected to a base plate 16 of a Antπebsgehauses 100, which is secured with a torque arm (not shown) on the frame of the door against rotation

Alternatively, the Antπebsgehause 100 of the direct drive can be performed as Fußgehause The Torwelle can then be coupled or connected via a plug connection with the hollow shaft 15

In the preferred embodiments of the door drive 10, as shown in the attached figures, the following security functions are integrated in addition to the main function "raising and lowering the door"

Holding the gate in a stop position (gate closed or gate open),

Holding the gate in the event of a spring break (failure of a gate counterbalancing device) and power failure,

Catching (braking) and holding the gate during spring break during the movement,

Force impact protection of persons and objects during the closing movement and

Manual operation for opening and closing the door eg in the event of a power failure or during assembly

The holding of the gate in a holding position by a braking device 18 with a brake 20th

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, which is presently preferred and which indicates the currently best possible way of carrying out the invention, the brake device 18 has as brake 20 a plurality of spring brakes 21, 21 '

In Fig 1, the base plate 16 is shown together with some essential elements of the door drive 10 on the base plate 16 of the torque motor 12 is mounted The rotor 14 surrounds as an external rotor, the stator 17, which is therefore partially visible in the figures at least on the rotor 14 Furthermore, the output shaft designed as a hollow shaft 15 is integrally arranged on the rotor 14. The hollow shaft 15 has a groove 24 for wedging a door shaft 102 to be received in the hollow shaft (only shown in the second exemplary embodiment in FIG. 11) the hollow shaft 15 are coupled directly to the door shaft 102 At the rotor toothing 22 engages an intermediate gear 26 and the intermediate gear 26, a gear 28 of a brake shaft 30 of the braking device 18 at

The braking device 18 is designed switchable by means of a switching device 31, as a switching device 31 acts here an electromagnet 32 which is energized simultaneously with the torque motor 12

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, an absolute value transmitter 34 is further provided on the rotor toothing 22, which is always coupled to the rotor 14 with a toothed wheel 36 and the rotational angle position of the rotor 14 by means of known measures, for example by means of a (not shown). Thus, the angular position of the rotor 14 and thus the coupled thereto Torwelle is always detected and given to a not shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, but according to the second embodiment in Figure 16 as a block indicated gate drive control 38 In the Torantriebssteuerung 38, a frequency converter is arranged, by means of which the torque motor 12 is driven Also, target positions for the gate are stored in the door drive control in non-volatile memory, which - controlled by the absolute encoder 34 - can be controlled by the torque motor 12

In Fig 1, a Handbetatigungseinπchtung 40 is further shown, by means of which the rotor 14 can be rotated manually and by means of the manual rotation, the brake 20 can be turned off The Handbetatigungseinnchtung 40 has a also acting as a first switching mechanism for the brake 20 storage 42 for a Chain drive 44 on The chain drive 44 is identical to the chain drive shown in EP 1 028 223 B1. Furthermore, the manual transmission device 40 has a manual actuation unit 46 as a second switching mechanism for switching the brake 20

In the following, the braking device 18 of the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 will be explained in more detail with reference to the illustration in FIG. 2, wherein the electromagnet 32 and the chain drive 44 have been omitted for better illustration purposes. The braking device 18 has the spring brake 21, 21 'as well a spring loosening device 48

The spring brake 21 has the brake shaft 30, which has at one end the gear 28 which meshes with the intermediate gear 26 and at another end another gear 50 At an interposed shaft region are for forming the spring brake 21, 21 ', two brake springs These are constituted by a first leg spring 54 and a second leg spring 55. As best seen in FIG. 4, both leg springs 54, 55 have a fixed end 57, 58 fixed to a bracket 56, a turn portion 59, 60 and a leg 61 The dimensions are chosen so that the inner diameter of the two turn portions 59, 60 of the unloaded torsion springs 54, 55 are slightly smaller than before installation the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the brake shaft 30th The difference amounts to between 0.2 and 0.5 mm. As a result, the winding regions 59, 60 of the torsion springs 54, 55 are pretensioned at rest on the shaft region of the brake shaft 30. In an alternative embodiment not shown, additional or alternative to the prestressing of the torsion springs 54 , 55 separate biasing elements - approximately on the legs 61, 62 attacking - provided to print the winding portion 59, 60 of the brake springs 52 on the associated brake shaft 30 As shown in Figures 1 to 10, the two legs 61, 62 of the Brake shaft 30 tangentially and are detected by the spring loosening 48

The spring loosening device 48 has a respective cam 64, 65 per leg spring 54, 55. The two cams 64, 65 are mounted on a camshaft 66, which can be rotated by pivoting the bearing 42. The two legs 61, 62 receive the camshaft 66 between them in that, when the camshaft is rotated in one direction of rotation, the one leg 61 is bent further away and thus the associated winding area 59 is released from the brake shaft and the cam 62 is bent away from the camshaft 66 when the camshaft 66 is rotated in the opposite direction , whereby the other winding portion 60 is released from the brake shaft 30 accordingly

As best seen in Figure 3, the bearing 42 of the chain drive 44 is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 68. At the opposite end, the bearing 42 is connected via a linkage 70 to the camshaft 66 of the spring-loosening device 48 as described in EP 1 028 223 B1 is explained in more detail and shown, engages a chain 72 of the chain drive 44 on a ring gear arranged as a ring gear with internal sprocket (not shown here) This ring gear is arranged with play by an internal gear 74 on a centrally disposed shaft 76 (see Figure 4) around The bearing 42 is biased by means of springs 78 in their middle position shown in Figures 3 and 4, where the Kettenhohlrad the inner gear 74 is not detected, biased

When pulling on a strand of the chain 72, however, the bearing 42 is pivoted against the bias of the springs 78 about the pivot axis 78 in the pulling direction Thus, the Kettenhohlrad engages with the inner gear 74, the shaft 76 of the internal gear is, as shown in Fig 4 closer is, via an intermediate gear 80 with the further gear 50 of the brake shaft into engagement via the brake shaft 30 and the intermediate gear 26 so the shaft 76 of the Handbetatigungseinπchtung 40 with the rotor toothing 22 is engaged

The linkage 70 is adjusted such that a loosening of the corresponding leg spring 54, 55 from the brake shaft 30 takes place only when meshing between the internal gear 74 and the chain ring gear

In addition to the camshaft 66 with the two cams 64, 65, the spring loosening device 48 also has a slide 82 which can be moved on the two legs 61, 62 and displaceable by means of the electromagnet 32. The legs 61, 62 are accommodated in oblong hole (not shown) of the slide 82 in that, when the slider 82 moves in one direction (z B down in Fig. 7), only one leg 61 is moved to loosen the first leg spring 54, while the second leg 62 of the second leg spring 55 remains unmoved When moving the

Slider 82 in the opposite direction (z B upwards in Figure 7) is then only the second leg 62, namely that of the second leg spring 55 for loosening this second leg spring 55 moves

As explained, the slider 82 can be moved by the electromagnet 32. For this, the slider 82 is provided with a rod portion 84 which extends through the electromagnet 32. Further, the slider 82 is movable by the switching mechanism of the manual operation unit 40, that is, here by the manual operation unit 46 For this purpose, on the slide 82, here on the rod region 84 at the opposite end, a pin 86 engages on a pivot shaft 88 of the manual actuation unit 46

As can be seen in FIG. 8 and FIG. 5, the manual actuation device 46 on the rear side of the base plate 16 has a lever 90 which is connected to the pivot shaft 88 for common rotation and which can be pivoted by means of a Bowden cable 94 via a pulley construction 92

The Bowden cable 94 can be operated by means of an emergency unlocking device, which is not shown here, but can be configured and shown in the same way as in DE 1 035 667 A1, DE 102 56 480 A1 or EP 1 418 296 B1

By pulling on the Bowden cable 94, the lever 90 is pivoted thereby the pivot shaft 88 is pivoted, so that on the pin 86 of the slider 82 is moved so as to relax one of the torsion springs 54, 55 and thus the braking device 18 thereby releasing Tor connected to the hollow shaft 15 without uncoupling of the door shaft 102 of the rotor 14 and thus be moved without decoupling of the absolute encoder 34 manually

The second embodiment of the door drive 10 shown in FIGS. 11 to 17 differs substantially from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 essentially in the execution of the brake device 18 and the brake 20

In the following, the structure of the second embodiment is explained in more detail with reference to the representation in FIGS. 11 to 17. In the second embodiment, a band brake 120 is provided as the brake 20, so that a functional part of the brake 20 is integrated in a component of the direct drive. Certain surfaces of the rotor 14 of the direct drive are then simultaneously functional surfaces - in particular a braking or holding surfaces 122 - the holding brake to these braking and holding surfaces 122, the movable active elements of the brake 20 to attack

In the second exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 11 to 17, the lateral surface (or part of this lateral surface) of the rotor 14 is the brake surface 122 for a brake band 124 (alternatively for brake shoes, not shown), which is actuated via a switchable tensioning device 126. spring force actuates the rotor 14 brakes the brake 120 is actuated by an electromagnet 128 An actuating mechanism 130 (eg knee lever) serves to optimize the spring and / or magnet

Alternatively, for example, the end face of the rotor 14 or a flange integrated on the rotor may be the braking surface for a disc brake (not shown)

For holding the gate in case of spring breakage and power failure, a holding device 132 is provided in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 to 17, in which a functional part is integrated into a component of the direct drive, see in particular FIG

Certain surfaces and / or elements of the rotor 14 of the direct drive are at the same time functional elements, namely braking elements and / or holding elements 134 of the holding device 132. In these holding elements 134 engage the active elements of the holding device 132 and prevent movement of the rotor 14 and thus the gate

In the second exemplary embodiment contains the rotor 14 on the lateral surface depressions 136 (z B holes or cavities) into which a catch element 138 - here in the form of a catch pin 139 - in the case of holding (braking) formschlussig and spring force actuated engages the lots of catch element 138th via an electromagnet 140

Alternatively, according to a further embodiment, not shown, for example, the end face of the rotor 14 has form-fitting elements (eg, toothings) in which corresponding counter-elements engage

As best seen in Figure 12, in the illustrated second embodiment for catching (braking) and holding the gate at spring break in a weight balancing device of the gate during the movement, a catching device 142 is provided in which a functional part is integrated into a component of the direct drive

Certain surfaces and / or elements of the rotor 14 of the direct drive are at the same time functional elements, ie catch elements of the catching device 142 in particular. These catching elements engage the active elements of the catching device 142 and stop the movement of the rotor 14 and thus of the gate

In the example shown, identical elements serve both for holding and braking in the event of a power failure and for spring breakage in the example. Accordingly, the holding device 132 is simultaneously designed as a catching device 142 and the catching elements 138 of the holding device 132 are simultaneously the catching elements of the catching device 142

A force impact protection of persons and objects during the closing and opening movement is also integrated in the direct drive according to both embodiments and This has the advantage that the deceleration and reversal can be initiated faster and more reliably than with the sole use of sequentially queried signals of a gantry sensor Furthermore, the direct intervention in the inverter control eliminates the use of reverse rotation protections and their dead times

To control the gate drive device 38 shown only in Fig. 15 is provided in both embodiments This has a frequency converter to accelerate the torque motor 12, decelerate and drive according to predetermined Verfahrkurven in predetermined positions

The gate controller 38 is further programmed to switch the solenoids 32 and 128, 140, respectively, at an exceeding of predetermined rotational speeds or rotational speed changes detected by the absolute value encoder 34 in such a way that the brake 20 is brought into braking and blocking position

As in the first embodiment, a hand-operated device 144 for opening and closing the gate without electric current is also integrated in the door drive 10 which can be used as a direct drive in the second embodiment, see in particular FIGS. 13 to 17

In this case, a toothing of the rotor - the rotor toothing 146 - is also provided in the second embodiment

When Handbetatigungseinπchtung 144 according to the second embodiment shown in more detail in FIGS. 13 to 17 upon actuation of the Handbetatigungseinπchtung 144 (train on a chain 148) another gear - Handbetatigungs gear 150 - pivoted into the rotor teeth 146 This creates a translation through which When the chain 148 is released, a spring 154 separates the manual actuation gear 150 from the rotor gear 146

The following functional movements for emergency manual actuation are integrated in the second embodiment in a movement sequence

Pivoting the hand-operated gear 150,

Release the holding brake - brake 20 - and

Pulling the catch pin 139 (catch element 138), or counteracting

Lots of manual actuation gear 150,

Actuation of the holding brake - brake 20 - and

Collapse of the catch pin 139 (blocking) Next is also a manual operation for opening and closing the gate integrated without electrical current in the direct drive with the help of on and disengageable components (gear, lever) of the rotor 114 activated (brake and blocking are solved) and the Rotor 14 and thus the door shaft 102 can be moved by hand

For the drive of industrial doors (overhead doors, roller doors and high-speed doors) according to the design proposed here a torque motor 12 can be used Such a motor comes without the usually existing jerk-acting self-locking gear and drives directly the door shaft 102 Thus, high speeds on the engine are not required

If this motor (for whatever reason) is de-energized, it can not apply a moment to hold the door in that position - a task that takes over the associated transmission in conventional door drives

Therefore, replacement structures are used here to keep the gate in its current position when the motor is not energized, since the motor can not be permanently energized

Furthermore, the previously used in conventional gate drives gear takes in weight-balanced gates the imbalance in spring break For non-weighted gates the gear break is secured by a catching device 142, which may also be formed as a spring brake 21, 21 '

In the previously known drives with self-locking gear previously had the self-locking gear for emergency manual actuation be disconnected This is no longer necessary in the door drive 10 shown here, the door drive 10 can remain permanently coupled to the door shaft 102, so once learned Torpositionen not through Uncoupling can be lost

The two embodiments differ essentially by the formation of the holding and braking device 18, 132 The braking device 18 and the holding device 132 are executed separately in the second embodiment, wherein the braking device 18 as a brake 20 has a band brake 120 The band brake function of the second Embodiment will be explained in more detail below

The band brake 120 is a holding brake, only in the event that a power failure occurs during a Torfahrt, it is too short time to a service brake

The band brake 120 has, as a brake band 124, a coated steel band and an electromagnet 128. The steel band is inoperative when the electromagnet 128 is energized. The electromagnet 128, which forms a switching device of the brake 20, is energized simultaneously with the torque motor 12 As soon as the electromagnet 128 is de-energized, the compression spring 160 inserted there via a toggle linkage 162 (generally a force amplifier) ensures that the brake band 124 engages around the rotor 14 in a force-locking and frictionally engaged manner

The holding device 132 of the second embodiment also has the function of a catching device 142 and has a catching pin 139 as a holding and catching element 139. The catching (stub) function of the second embodiment is explained in more detail below

In addition to the band brake 120, the catch pin 139 has the function of accommodating the gate imbalance in the event of a spring break in the case of non-weight-compensated gates. The additional electromagnet 140 is provided which moves the catch pin 139

As soon as the further electromagnet 140 is de-energized, a compression spring 164 provided on the catch pin 138 ensures that the catch pin 139 engages positively in the catch recesses 136 forming catch pockets which are evenly distributed over the circumference of the rotor 14 and stop the rotor 14

In the following, the emergency manual actuation function of the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 to 17, made possible by the manual actuation device 144, will be explained in more detail

Emergency manual actuation is used in the event of a power failure to manually operate the door with the aid of a gear reduction. An auxiliary gear wheel (here the manual actuation gear 150) pivots positively into the rotor toothing 146 and drives the rotor 14. The band brake 120 and the catch pin are thereby activated 139 is not set inactive until the manual actuation gear 150 is engaged

By the measures mentioned can be dispensed with self-locking gear, such as worm gear These transmissions have a very low efficiency, but have been considered necessary because of safety requirements Without such self-locking gear much higher efficiency can be achieved In particular with the torantπebsinternen measures for Holding and / or braking can still be readily provided the most important previously perceived by the self-locking gear safety functions

Although, as tests have shown, the door operator 10 according to the second embodiment works well, so it may come with prolonged use of the band brake 120 to wear. Also, the construction of the catcher 142 with the other electromagnet 140 is expensive to manufacture and control Therefore, the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 is currently preferred, in which both the braking function and the holding function and the catch function are perceived by the brake 20 designed as a spring brake

Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the door drive 10, which coincides in the essential components with the erstein embodiment These essential components such as in particular the braking device 18 are therefore not shown again in Figure 18. The difference of the third embodiment compared to the first embodiment is based in the principle of Handbetatigungseinπchtung 40th

However, like the one of the first embodiment, this hand-operated device 40 of the third embodiment also has a chain drive 44. The chain 72, however, engages a sprocket 166 that is non-rotatably connected to a worm wheel 168. This worm wheel 168 meshes with a gear 170 on a manual actuation shaft 172. which can be coupled via a clutch mechanism, not shown in more detail, to an intermediate gear 174 meshing with the rotor toothing 22. This clutch mechanism is designed in such a way that the spring brake 21 is released after coupling the manual actuation shaft 172. The worm wheel 168 and the gear wheel 170 form a self-locking Scheckenradgetπebe, here but only the Handbetatigungseininnchtung 40 is associated and is only coupled to the engine when a manual actuation is durchzufuhren The coupling device could for example be formed in that the self-locking gear 176, which is the Handbeta sion shaft 172, the gear 170 and the worm wheel 168 has, similar to the bearing 42 is mounted on a pivot bearing and can be brought by pivoting this bearing in the engagement position shown in Figure 18

FIG. 19 also shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of the door drive 10, which is also a modification of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1. Here again, all the elements are comparable to the door drive 10 of the first embodiment and no longer shown in detail is different However, the arrangement of the brake shaft 30 and the formation of the spring loosening 48 As shown, the spring loosening device 48 in the fourth embodiment, a lever arm 180 with two levers 182 and 184 Both levers 182, 184 are pivotally connected at one end to the slider 82 The other End of the respective lever 182, 184 is pivotally connected to a slot at one leg 61, 62 hinged

In the de-energized state of the electromagnet 32, the slider 82 is disposed in a retracted from the brake shaft 30 remote position The two levers 182, 184 include a relatively small angle between them, the legs 61, 62 remain so unloaded, and the torsion spring 54th , 55 are in the engaged position If the electromagnet 32 is energized, then the slider 82 hm is pushed to the brake shaft 30 As a result, the levers 182, 1854 apart, so that both legs 61, 62 are bent away from each other and the leg springs 54, 55 are lifted from the brake shaft 30 Thus can rotate the brake shaft 30

All other, the spring brake loosening device, in particular the Handbetatigungseinπchtung 40 and the Manualbetatigungseinheit 46 attack to relieve the spring brake on the lever rod 180 to bring it from the engagement position (idle state) in the release position This is shown in FIG Handbetatigungseinπchtung 40 or the manual actuation unit 46 betatigbaren lever 90 indicated that engages the lever arm 180 in the region of the slider 82

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 door drive

12 torque motor

13 synchronous motor

14 rotor

15 hollow shaft (output shaft)

16 base plate (a drive housing)

17 stator

18 Brake device 0 Brake 1 Spring brake 1 'Spring brake 2 Rotor toothing 4 Groove in the hollow shaft 6 Intermediate gear 8 Gear wheel

30 brake shaft

31 switching device

32 electromagnet

34 absolute encoders

36 gear

38 Door drive control 0 Manual operating device 2 Storage 4 Chain drive 6 Manual operating unit 8 Spring-loosening device 0 Additional gear of the brake shaft

52 brake spring 4 first leg spring 5 second leg spring

56 bracket

57 firm end

58 firm end

59 Winding area 0 Winding area 1 Leg 2 Leg 4 Cam 5 Cam camshaft

Swivel axis of storage

linkage

Chain

internal gear

wave

feathers

intermediate gear

pusher

bar area

pen

pivot shaft

lever

pulley construction

Bowden

Cover plate of the drive housing

drive housing

door shaft

band brake

Brake and / or holding surface

Brake band switchable tensioning device

electromagnet

actuating mechanism

holder

Braking or holding elements

wells

catching element

catching pin

electromagnet

catcher

Manual actuator

rotor teeth

Chain

Manual gear (auxiliary gear)

Sprocket

feather

compression spring

Toggle linkage

compression spring

Sprocket 168 worm wheel

170 gear

172 manual operation shaft

174 idler gear

176 self-locking

180 lever linkage

182 lever

184 lever

Claims

claims

First door drive device (10), in particular for driving an at least partially liftable door, with an electric motor with a rotor (14) and a stator (17), characterized in that a holding and / or braking device (132, 18) for holding or braking the rotor (14) is provided in rest periods and / or incidents.

2. Door drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor (14) is connected without gear reduction to a door shaft of the door.

3. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric motor is a torque motor (12).

4. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding and / or braking device (132, 18) a brake (20), in particular band brake (120) or spring brake (21), for holding and / or braking of the rotor (14).

5. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding and / or braking device (132, 18) has a catch element (138) for positive engagement in the rotor (14).

6. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed to drive a gate having a door leaf and a door shaft, wherein the door shaft is coupled to the door leaf gear, so that the door leaf moves when turning the door shaft and the door shaft rotates upon movement of the door leaf, the door drive device having an output shaft (15) for landing or gear coupling to the door shaft to drive the door shaft and thereby the door leaf, and a motor (12, 13) for driving the output shaft (15 ) having.

7. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the braking device (18) is designed to be switchable for braking and / or blocking the

Output shaft (15) at standstill of the electric motor (12, 13) and that a switching device (31) is provided for releasing the brake when running the motor.

8. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the braking device (18) has at least one first spring brake (21), in particular a helical spring brake or spiral spring brake, one about the output shaft (15) or one for common rotation with the output shaft coupled brake shaft (30) looped brake spring (52), in particular limb, coil or coil spring, to brake the output shaft (15) or the brake shaft (30) when rotating in a first direction and to block.

9. Door drive device according to claim 8, characterized in that the braking device (18) has at least one second spring brake (21 '), in particular helical spring brake or spiral spring brake, one to the output shaft (15) or the brake shaft (30) or one to the common Rotation with the output shaft (15) coupled further brake shaft looped brake spring (52), in particular helical or spiral spring, to brake the output shaft (15) or the brake shaft (30) or the further brake shaft upon rotation in a second direction and to To block.

10. Door drive device according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the switching device (31) comprises a switchable spring loosening device (48) for providing a distance of the brake spring (52) from the shaft (30) around which it is looped.

11. Door drive device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the at least one brake spring (52) biased at rest biased around their respective associated shaft (30) abuts against this shaft to block it when turning.

12. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a manual actuation device (40, 144) for manually moving the output shaft (15) is provided, which comprises a switching mechanism for releasing the holding and / or braking device (132, 18) by manual operation and for tightening the holding and / or braking device (132, 18) when terminating the hand actuation has ung.

13. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the motor (12, 13) is seated on the output shaft, so that the output shaft is formed by a motor shaft or the rotor (14) of the motor (12, 13).

14. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor is a multi-pole synchronous motor (13).

15. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door drive device is designed for active closure of the door under pressure of the door in the closed position.

16. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the free-running rotor (14) is permanently and freely running for common rotation without self-locking to the output shaft (15) connected to the door shaft permanently, without switchable coupling to the free rotatable rotor (14) for common rotation to connect.

17. Door drive device according to claim 16, characterized in that on the rotor (14) a rotation sensor, in particular in the form of an absolute encoder (34), for permanent determination of the door position, in particular the absolute door position, is connected.