WO2009074145A2

WO2009074145A2 - Method for controlling or regulating a heating system, and heating system

Info

Publication number: WO2009074145A2
Application number: PCT/DE2008/002055
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hans Georg Baunach
Original assignee: Hg Baunach Gmbh & Co Kg
Priority date: 2007-12-09
Filing date: 2008-12-09
Publication date: 2009-06-18
Also published as: WO2009074145A3; DE102008061135A1; DE112008003716A5

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for regulating a heating system (1) comprising a buffer tank (2) which can be charged by means of a boiler (3, 68) having a boiler pump (26, 70). The buffer tank (2) is equipped with three connections (20, 21, 22, 23) located at different levels, a high-temperature heating branch (5) that is directly connected to the buffer tank (2), and a low-temperature heating branch (6) which is indirectly connected by means of a system separation (46) and the flow temperature of which can be controlled using a valve (44) that can be controlled using a three-point signal. The high-temperature heating branch (5) and the low-temperature heating branch (6) form a heat sink. In the disclosed method, the following operating states can be obtained: The secondary flow temperature of the low-temperature heating branch (6) is modified by affecting the primary flow from the system separation (46). i.e. by modifying the mixing ratio between the water flowing out of the boiler and the water returning from the high-temperature heating branch or by modifying the flow rate of the water returning from the high-temperature heating branch. The flow rate of the heating medium through the high-temperature heating branch (5) and the system separation (46) of the low-temperature heating branch is supplied by a single pump located in the boiler flow path or a differential pressure valve (40) disposed in the return flow path of the high-temperature heating branch, and the portion of the returning water of the high-temperature heating branch which does not flow through the system separation is fed back to the buffer tank separately from the water of the primary low-temperature heating branch which returns from the system separation.

Description

HG Baunach GmbH & Co. KG 1602/08

Rheinstr. 7 December 9, 2008

41 836 Hückelhoven

Method for controlling or regulating a heating system and heating system

The present invention relates first to a method according to the introductory features of the independent method claims and then further to a heating system according to the introductory features of the independent apparatus claims.

German patent application DE 102 45 571, which is formulated as an addition to German patent application DE 102 14 242 and is published as DE-A-number, discloses both the multipath mixing valve described in the underlying patent application DE 102 14 242 for supplying a two-circuit heating system can be used from two partial heat sources and with a heat source for operating a heat exchanger as a system separation for the low-temperature heating branch of a two-circuit heating system.

On the one hand, heating systems with such mostly regenerative partial heat sources are increasingly gaining in importance due to the shortage and increase in the price of fossil energy reserves, as well as the increasing limitation of emissions of climate-damaging greenhouse gases. Due to the limited performance or lower controllability of this part of the heat generation storage of regenerative heat is essential. For this purpose are usually with water or similar fluid heating media filled buffer storage used. The supply of so-called sensible heat increases the temperature of the heating medium in the buffer tank. If this is insufficient in the case of heat extraction in order to meet a specific requirement - such as drinking water heating, radiator or surface heating - it must be reheated by a high-performance, easily controllable and therefore usually fossil or electric peak load source. In order to maximize the proportion of regeneratively generated heat in any kind of annual demand profile, heat storage must strive for the following goals:

1. The ability of the specific heat absorption of the buffer must be as high as possible.

2. High temperatures in the buffer must be maintained as long as possible.

These two goals are already achieved by the operation of the multi-way mixing valve with two partial heat sources described in DE 102 45 571 A1. On the other hand, existing low-temperature circuits are frequently equipped with system separations in the case of renovation, in order to protect modern boilers against corrosion damage by oxygen diffusion through plastic tubes. This not only requires the use of an additional pump. Very often, an excessively high volume flow on the generator side of the system separation leads to an excessively high return temperature in the heat source. High return temperatures, however, not only lead to lower utilization rates of modern condensing boilers; For the reasons mentioned, they can, above all, significantly reduce the proportion of regeneratively generated heat in any type of annual demand profile.

The present invention is therefore based on the object, the said adverse effect of the through the use of system tions or system separation heat exchangers and additional pumps in low-temperature heating branches caused too high return temperatures to reduce the proportion of regeneratively generated partial heat.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a method of the initially described type primarily by the features of the independent method claims and secondarily by the features of the independent device claims.

These methods according to the invention and the devices enabling their operation thus describe the two operating states "high-temperature mixing" or "low-temperature throttling".

Five embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 of the drawing.

Show it :

1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a heating system with a boiler,

2 shows a detail of FIG. 1 with a variant,

3 shows a further modification of FIG. 1 with typical wall-mounted circulating water heaters,

Fig. 4 shows a third variant of the invention and

Fig. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the invention.

In all five figures, like reference numerals indicate the same details, respectively. A heating system 1 has essentially five elements, namely a buffer memory 2, a well controllable peak load boiler 3, a mixing valve device 4, a Hochtemperaturheizzweig 5 and a Niedertemperaturheizzweig 6, which together form a heat sink and which are all connected to each other via a plurality of lines.

The buffer memory 2 is formed by a vessel standing upright, through the top 7 of a provided with a valve 8 service water pipe 9 goes off. An interior 10 of the vessel is subdivided by a step insert 11 which separates a service water space 12 from a heating water space 13. Alternatively, the interior is formed as a helically shaped heat exchanger tube. In the lower part of the hot water room 12 opens a Kaltbrauchwasserzulaufleitung 14. In Heizheizraum 13, the lower portion of the hot water room 12 enclosing a heat exchanger coil 15 is arranged, which is connected with its two ends 16 and 17 to a series connection of a solar collector 18 with a charge pump 19 , Alternatively, the solar collector 18 via an external heat exchanger - or even directly - connected to the Heizwasserraum 13.

The buffer tank 2 has four further connections 20, 21, 22 and 23, of which the highest connection 20 is connected to a line leading to a boiler feed line 24, in which a series circuit of a storage loading pump 26 with a gravity brake or a backflow preventer or check valve 27th is provided. A boiler return 28 is directly connected to the next lower terminal 21 by a line 29. In an alternative embodiment, the connection 20 as well as the part of the buffer storage tank required for heating the service water may also be omitted.

With the boiler feed 24 is further via a with a pressure regulated pump 30 provided line 31, the mixing valve device 4 is connected. This pump has a pressure regulator 32, which measures the differential pressure via the pump 30 in the line 31 with a pair of sensors 33, compares with a presettable at a setpoint generator 58 on the pressure regulator 32 and a differential pressure of about 200 to 250 mbar 2 up to 2.5m water column regulates. Alternatively, an unregulated pump 30 'can be used in conjunction with an overflow valve 57 in the high-temperature heating branch 5. The line 31 passes through the mixing valve device 4, wherein in the mixing valve device 4 downstream of a line branch 34, a gravity brake or a backflow preventer or check valve 35 is located. The line 31 continuing at the outlet 36 from the mixing valve device 4 leads to the high-temperature heating branch 5, which consists of a parallel connection of a multiplicity of radiators and / or convectors 38 each provided with a thermostatic valve 37, all of which are possibly bridged by the overflow valve 57 , consists. A return line 39 of the high-temperature heating branch 5 leads to a pressure regulating valve 40 arranged in the mixing valve device 4, which is provided downstream of a branching point 41 in the return line 39, which then continues to the connection 22 on the buffer store 2.

This pressure control valve 40 generates a largely independent of the throughput through the return line 39, constant pressure difference, which corresponds approximately to that pressure difference, which would cause the full water flow rate of Niedertemperaturheizzweiges 6 in a counter-current operated plate heat exchanger 46 in a series connection of the two and typically at 60 mbar or 0.6 m water column, cf. later operating state 3.

From the manifold 34 leads within the mixing valve device 4 is provided with a gravity brake or a backflow preventer or check valve 42 line 43 to a first input (El) of the actual mixing valve 44, which still has another input (E2). A particularly advantageous design of the actual mixing valve 44 results when it receives a third input E3, but closed in the present invention and thus is inoperative, but can be opened and used for other applications. The input E2 is connected directly to the branching point 41 in the return line 39. An output A of the actual mixing valve 44 is connected via a line 45 with the counter-current acting plate heat exchanger 46, which is part of the Niedertemperaturheizzweiges 6. On the return side of the plate heat exchanger 46 is connected to a passing through the mixing valve means 4 line 47, which leads to the terminal 23. Instead of a plate heat exchanger 46, another structure of the heat exchanger can be used, for example, a coiled tubing heat exchanger. The low-temperature heating branch 6 has, on the secondary side, a circuit 48, which consists of a series connection of a secondary side 49 of the plate heat exchanger 46 with one or more floor heating coils 50 with a circulating pump 51.

Instead of the two gravity brakes or non-return valves or check valves 35 and 42 could alternatively be provided in the conduit 31 between the pump 30 and the manifold 34, a single gravity brake or a single backflow preventer or check valve, but which is within the mixing valve device 4. The individual modules of the heating system 1 are separated by shut-off or inspection valves 75 for maintenance from each other. Between the entrance E2 and the branching point 41 is a backflow preventer 59.

Fig. 2 shows the hydraulic and mechanical structure of the mixing valve device 4 enlarged and thus more clearly. The actual mixing valve can be used both as a rotary valve and as a slide valve with three inputs El, E2 and E3 and one output A be guided, of which the input E3 is closed with a cap cover 52 or with a stopper. In the interior 53 of a housing 54, a control body 55 is mounted rotatably or slidably and driven by a servomotor 56 in order to be able to approach certain positions of the actuating body. The individual modules of the heating system 1 are here separated by shut-off or inspection valves 75 for maintenance from each other. The pump 30 'is designed as an unregulated pump, but the already mentioned overflow valve 57 is parallel to the high-temperature heating branch 5 available. Irrespective of the effect, the above-mentioned overflow valve 57 keeps the differential pressure above the mixing valve 44 constant regardless of the throughput in the high-temperature heating branch 5, specifically set to typically 200 to 250 mbar. There are a variety of individual equipped with a thermostatic valve 37 convectors and / or radiators 38 in the high-temperature heating branch 5 available.

In a low-temperature heating branch supply line 60, an electronic temperature sensor 61 is provided in series with the pump 51 and the shut-off valve 57 downstream, which measures the temperature prevailing in this line and via a measuring line 62 to a three-point regulator 63. This is assigned via a line 64, a setpoint generator 65 whose setpoint is variable by a setpoint adjuster 66, which is preferably variable with the outside temperature. When comparing setpoint and actual value, the control amplifier 63 generates a control signal given via a control line 67 to the drive motor 56 of the mixing valve 44 for (further) opening or closing of the mixing valve.

The use of the actual mixing valve 44 with a sealed input (E3) allows the advantage of using a valve of identical design both according to the applications of German Patent Applications 102 45 571.4 and 102 45 572.6, as well as additionally according to the inventive method and its circuit ztur Duchführung of Use procedure. For the latter, the following operating States of the actual mixing valve 44 possible and provided:

1. Input El is fully open and input E2 is fully closed. This means that the low-temperature heating branch is fed directly by the flow of the boiler and thus also with its original temperature.

2. Input El is more or less open and input E2 is less or more open. This means that the low-temperature heating branch is fed by a mixing temperature between that of the boiler flow and the return of the high-temperature heating branch.

3. Input El is fully closed and input E2 is fully open. This means that the low-temperature heating branch is fed by the temperature of the return of the high-temperature heating branch.

4. Input El is fully closed and input E2 is more or less open. This means that the low-temperature heating branch is supplied by the temperature of the return of the high-temperature heating branch but with a reduced throughput.

5. The input El is completely closed and the input E2 is completely closed. This means that the low-temperature heating branch is hydraulically locked.

The sensor 61 of the three-point controller 63, which is weather-compensated, for example in its setpoint generator 65, detects the flow temperature of the low-temperature heating branch 6 on the secondary side 49 of the system separation (plate heat exchanger 46). If this temperature is above the setpoint, which is preferably predetermined by the weather, the output A of the mixing valve 44 is closed via the drive 56; if it lies below it, it is opened. An opening of the mixing valve 44 now either

1. an increase in the primary side flow temperature for system separation, when both inputs El and E2 are open by opening El more and E2 less. Since the water throughput through the primary side of the plate heat exchanger 46 remains almost constant, the secondary-side flow temperature is raised, without there being a sharp increase in the primary return temperature in the line 47 from the system separation to the connection 23 of the buffer 2,

2. or else, if only the input E2 is partially opened, the opening of the outlet A of the mixing valve 44 causes a further opening of the input E2 and thus an increase in the water extraction from the high-temperature Heizweig return 39. This passes through the terminal 22nd less warm and more cold water into the interior space 10 of the buffer 2 via the connection 23 back.

In this way, the task is performed to keep the water in the interior 10 of the buffer memory 2 despite using a system separation without additional pump using the three-point controller 63 up for as long as possible and cool down as quickly as possible, which increases the usability of regenerative heat.

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment, a heating system 1 with several parallel commercial wall heaters 68, 68 'with each in a housing 69, 69' built unregulated boiler pump 70, 70 ', burner 81, 81' and a switching valve 71, for dhw heating or for charging the buffer memory 2 as a peak load boiler. With appropriate performance, only a single wall heater 68 can be used.

This is precisely where the simplicity of the piping is evident: the wall-hung ing circulating water heater 68 is connected with its hot water supply 72 to the terminal 20 and with its return 73 via the line 29 to the terminal 21 of the buffer memory 2; the heating flow 74 is connected to the line 31 of the heat sink 5,6. Alternatively, a buffer memory 2 'with three connections without dhw heating and / or without solar collector 18 can be used.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the buffer memory 2 has been replaced by a series connection of a boiler 3 with a plate heat exchanger 76 and which is fed on its primary side 77 of the aforementioned solar collector 18 to the pump 19. A feed line 78 on the secondary side 79 of the plate heat exchanger 76 is connected to the line 39, which comes back from the mixing valve device 4 and leads to the line 29, which leads to the return port 28 of the boiler 3, the supply line 24 is connected to the line 25 , Instead of the buffer memory 2, two series-connected partial heat sources are now provided as an alternative.

The embodiment of FIG. 5 is based on the just described and adds this circuit the hot water tank 12, which is part of a storage enclosure 80, which fed from the boiler 3 and / or from the solar collector 18 via lines 83 and 84 by means of a pump 85 Coil 82 for heating the hot water contains, and to which the lines 14 and 9 are connected to the valve 8. The heating of the buffer memory 2 is carried out with a regenerative heat source, preferably with a solar collector (18), by a biomass boiler or a combined heat and power plant (combined heat and power) or a heat pump.

All Drehströmrichtungen are characterized by not separately designated arrows.

Claims

HG Baunach GmbH & Co. KG 1602 / 08Rheinstr. 7 December 9, 200841 836 HückelhovenPatent claims

1. A method for controlling or regulating a heating system (1) with a heat source, comprising a regeneratively heatable buffer memory (2) and a nachheiz to controllable with a boiler pump (30, 30 ', 70, 70') in series peak load boiler (3 , 68), wherein the buffer memory (2) is provided with at least three at different heights terminals (20,21,22,23), a directly to the buffer memory (2) connected to high-temperature heating branch (5) and indirectly via a System separation (46) connected and controllable by a three-point signal controllable valve (44) in its flow temperature controllable or controllable low-temperature heating branch (6), both of which form a heat sink, characterized in that the following operating conditions are possible: The secondary-side flow temperature of the low-temperature heating branch (6) is changed by acting on the primary-side flow of the system separation (46) a. either by changing the mixing ratio of boiler feed water and high-temperature heating branch return water or b. by changing the flow rate of high-temperature Heizzweig-return water, wherein the pressure-regulated flow rate of the heating medium by the High-temperature heating branch (5) is divided, a part flows back to the buffer memory (2) via a possible constant pressure drop generated by the flow and the other part via the system separation (46) of the low-temperature heating branch flows and not flowing through the system separation Part of the high-temperature Heizzweig return separately from the primary-side low-temperature Heizzweig return from the system separation (46) to the buffer memory (2) is fed back.

2. A method for controlling or regulating a heating system (1) with a heat source, comprising a regeneratively heatable buffer memory (2) and a nachheiz for controllable with a boiler pump (30, 30 ', 70, 70') in series peak load boiler (3 , 68), wherein the buffer memory (2) is provided with at least three at different heights terminals (20,21,22,23), a directly to the buffer memory (2) connected to high-temperature heating branch (5) and indirectly via a System separation (46) connected and controllable by a three-point signal controllable valve (44) in its flow temperature controllable or controllable low-temperature heating branch (6), both of which form a heat sink, characterized in that the following operating conditions are possible: The primary-side flow the system separation (46) becomes a. fed exclusively from boiler feed water, b. fed from a mixture of boiler feed water and high-temperature heating branch return water, c. fed only by the entire high-temperature Heizzweig-return water, d. fed only from part of the high-temperature Heizzwei- return water and e. completed with respect to the heat source, that is not fed by it, wherein the pressure-controlled flow rate of the heating medium through the high-temperature heating branch (5) is divided, a part flows back to the buffer memory (2) via a pressure drop as constant as possible, and the other part flows off via the system separation (46) of the low-temperature heating branch and the part not flowing through the system separation of the high-temperature Heizzweig return separately from the primary-side low-temperature Heizzweig return from the system separation (46) to the buffer memory (2) is fed back.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the buffer memory (2) is replaced with three terminals located at different heights by two series-connected partial heat sources.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the buffer memory (2) with four at different levels located terminals (20,21,22,23) is replaced by two series-connected partial heat sources and a memory for domestic water heating.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the buffer memory (2) by at least one regenerative heat source, in particular a solar collector (18) or by a biomass boiler, or a combined heat and power plant (combined heat and power) or a Heat pump is regeneratively heated.

6. heating system (1) with a heat source, comprising a regeneratively heatable buffer memory (2) and a post-heating as controllable with a boiler pump (30, 30 ', 70, 70') in series peak load boiler (3,68), wherein the Buffer memory (2) is provided with at least three terminals lying at different heights (20,21,22,23), one directly with the high-temperature heating branch (5) connected to the buffer store (2) and a controllable low-temperature heating branch (6) connected indirectly via a system separation heat exchanger (46) and controllable by a three-point signal to its drive valve (44) ), which both form a heat sink, characterized in that the following operating conditions are possible: The secondary-side flow temperature of the low-temperature heating branch (6) is changed by acting on a valve device (4) provided in the primary-side flow of the system separation heat exchanger (46) a. either by changing the mixing ratio of boiler feed water and high-temperature heating branch return water or b. by changing the flow rate of high-temperature Heizzweig-return water, wherein the pressure-controlled flow rate of the heating medium through the high-temperature heating branch (5) in its return (39) at a branch point (41) is divided and these on the one hand via a differential pressure valve (57) with the Buffer memory (2) and on the other hand via a series circuit of the mixing valve (44) with the heat exchanger (46) of the system separation (46) of the low-temperature heating branch (6) with the buffer memory (2) is connected.

7. heating system (1) with a heat source, comprising a regeneratively heatable buffer memory (2) and a post-heating as a controllable with a boiler pump (30, 30 ', 70, 70') in series peak load boiler (3,68), wherein the Buffer memory (2) is provided with at least three terminals located at different heights, a directly connected to the buffer high temperature heating branch and indirectly connected via a system separation heat exchanger and by a controllable with a three-point signal to its drive valve in its flow temperature control or controllable low-temperature heating branch, both of which form a heat sink, characterized in that the following operating states are possible: The primary-side flow of the system separation is a. fed exclusively from boiler feed water, b. fed from a mixture of boiler feed water and high-temperature heating branch return water, c. fed only by the entire high-temperature Heizzweig-return water, d. fed only from part of the high-temperature Heizzwei- return water and e. completed with respect to the heat source, that is not fed by her, wherein the pressure-regulated flow rate of the heating medium through the high-temperature heating branch (5) in its return (39) at a branch point (41) is divided and these on the one hand via a differential pressure valve (57) connected to the buffer memory (2) and on the other hand via a series connection of the mixing valve (44) with the heat exchanger (46) of the system separation (46) of the low-temperature heating branch (6) with the buffer memory (2).

8. heating system (1) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the two return ports (22, 23) from the high and the low-temperature heating branch (5,6) on the buffer memory (2) are arranged at different heights, the one higher temperature leading water connection (22) is higher.

9. heating system (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, in the flow rate of the heating medium through the high-temperature heating branch and the system separation of the low-temperature Heizzweiges of a single in series with the boiler or circulating water heater heat exchanger arranged by a pressure regulator (32) pressure-controlled pump (30) or in an unregulated pump (30 ') arranged by a high-temperature Heizzweig-return Differential pressure valve (57) is applied.