DE20305438U1 - Collection/distribution unit for the hot water in a heating installation, for a building, has a four-way valve in the connection to the heating circuits to give flows of different temperatures and a backflow - Google Patents

Abstract

The central collection/distribution unit (2) for a heating system, with a hot water heating installation (1), has paired pipe connections for the water inflow and outflow links to the oil/gas boiler (3). The assembly has one or more hot water circuits (7) to heat the building, with a four-way mixing valve (2.1) in the circuit connection. The valve has three outflow openings, and one backflow opening, to give flows of different temperatures. The heating installation has a hot water supply tank (5), and a control unit (3.1).

Description

The invention relates to a collection and distribution device for a heating and hot water supply system with a heat transfer medium, which consists of several heat sources with thermal energy is supplied.

By increasing the price of fossil Fuels reinforced the demand for technical equipment on the energy market for the use of alternative types of energy, for example solar energy, or warmth from "renewable" solid fuels, for example wood.

Difficulties arise especially when when heat flows are different Value from different sources merged and meaningful be used in a heating and hot water supply system should. In many cases, complex installation systems are created, which through their numerous fittings, changeover valves, mixers, Pumps require a particularly high level of control engineering.

In search of better solutions there are in heating technology trends, media flows with different levels Temperatures in large container to guide and here using the principle of gravity with the help to implement appropriate installations to store strata.

Because alternative energy is basically only discontinuously and with different intensities and the heat requirement not fully covered by consumers due to low temperatures can become, it is common the upper areas of the stratified storage with heat from boilers that with fossil fuels are operated to reheat. If at a heat reservoir this type of heating circuit with different operating temperatures are connected, the temperature of the stratified storage tank depends in the upper area always after the heating circuit with the highest operating temperature. In heating circuits with low operating temperatures, these are by adding return water lowered. That means extra energy from fossil fuels is used to achieve a higher temperature level as required, and subsequently then you go back to low temperatures.

This extra effort in conventional energy technical solutions are to be avoided have been found, the heat flows at the stratified storage at different heights and thus retrieve with a graduated temperature level.

Technical solutions for heating systems that are equipped with stratified tanks are shown, for example, in the versions in DE 198 46 364 A1 or DE 200 01539 U1 ,

But since the temperature stratification the individual tapping points are subject to constant change Heat exchanger or stepping devices associated with an adjustment of Extraction temperature to the requirements of the respective building heating circuit enable. In this way, stratified storage is to be carried out on the monolithic structure through relatively complex Add a gradation of the heating or hot water temperatures or more flexibility can be achieved in the way the heating circuits are operated. The disadvantage of such solutions consists in particular in that individual Adjustment work gain the upper hand and a generalizing one Principle as a prerequisite for an economical series production of corresponding devices is not is enforceable.

In many building services systems there is a need in addition to covering the heating requirements a water heater for sanitary purposes. Experience has shown that the hot water temperatures in the heater should be between 55 ° C and 60 ° C. The disadvantages of not complying with this temperature range are adequately known. However, it has been shown that manufacturers of stratified storage media and appropriate facilities better knowledge of these basic principles of sanitary engineering Disregard the design. So regardless of the deterioration the drinking water quality by overheating combination solutions created in which the water heater in the upper part of the heating water stratified tank is housed. Since the hot water temperature sometimes to 80 to Rise 90 ° C fittings can be used with the help of regulated admixture of cold water outside of the water heater the wished Temperature level in the subsequent hot water system is realized.

There are also facilities known with solar-heated hot water tanks, where in addition to Charging heat exchanger the solar thermal system, another heat exchanger in the hot water storage room built in, which has the task of preventing the storage tank from overheating with the help of mixing devices in the inflow line to this heat exchanger to protect. These facilities disadvantageously require a relative high expenditure on equipment and control technology. they provide for this reason it represents more or less single - purpose facilities and are for series production unsuitable.

Furthermore, according to DE 201 03 062 U1 a device in the form of a distribution station for a heating and hot water supply system is already known, which is designed as a prefabricated, portable device and can be put into an operational state by connecting external media lines as well as power supply and control lines.

Such devices have long been known in heating technology in various forms, for example in the form of house connection stations for district heating systems to which heating circuits for the use of renewable energies with buffer storage and hot water heating systems can be connected in a known manner. Typical of these devices is the use of mixing devices based on 3-way mixing valves, which can usually only be used together with switching valves or with additional pumps when several heat generators are coupled. A particularly disadvantageous effect in these known systems is that, for example, when a heating circuit is operated in a weather-dependent manner, a switch from oil or gas heating boilers to storage operation with renewable energies can only take place at a sufficiently high storage tank temperature and the necessary mixture control between the boiler and storage tank to the required extent either is insufficient or, in extreme cases, not possible at all.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a collection and distribution facility at which the hydraulic links for the above Components of the heating technology with the associated circulation and mixing devices for the Heat transfer medium in more usual Way to a central to be prefabricated in series transportable unit are combined so that a coupling from different heat sources can be realized with a sliding mixture control.

The object of the invention is achieved by solved the features of claim 1.

According to the preferred embodiment the collecting and distribution device has a four-way mixing valve as the main element on. The four-way mixing valve has two heating circuit distributors, one Return collector, a heating circuit pump with backflow preventer, one also with a non-return valve connected charge pump, two separate non-return valves and shut-off valves on all exits interconnected, with a large two-part insulation body as mechanical support structure which is advantageously compact Unit trained collection and distribution facility is used.

For the four-way mixing valve according to the invention is a constructive solution according to the patent application provided with the file number 102 16 749.4 in order to be particularly favorable Way multiple heat sources different values in a heating and hot water supply system to be able to use. This four-way mixing valve has three inflow openings, one outflow opening and a rotary valve arranged in a cylindrical valve housing with associated Motor drive on.

It is in accordance with the preferred embodiment the invention, the first inflow of Four-way mixing valve with a first manifold for a heat transfer medium higher value, the offset by 90 ° second inflow opening of the Four-way mixing valve with a second manifold for a heat transfer medium of lesser value and the third inflow opening of the Four-way mixing valve with the return line of the heating circuit. The fourth outlet of the four-way mixing valve, the outflow opening, is the heating circuit pump of the heating and hot water supply system assigned.

In order to collect and distribute the Heating and hot water supply system assembly of the pipelines in one level to allow are in accordance with inexpensive training of the invention at the crossing points in the piping either used in horizontal or vertical direction ring fittings, by their openings the crossing pipes are passed through.

After an additional development of the invention assembly advantages can be achieved in that the two the four-way mixing valve facing distributor made of hollow profiles used bushings for the cross cables consist.

In the two inflow lines to the mixing valve according to a further embodiment of the invention return valve, which serve to avoid incorrect circulation, in an advantageous Installed in each case within a pipe fitting. By the presence of these releasable connections the four-way mixing valve can be easily dismantled if necessary become.

The pipe connections are in a known manner always in pairs, each for forward and reverse of the Heat transfer medium educated.

According to the preferred embodiment of the invention are the hydraulic links for the above Discrete components of heating technology with the associated recirculation and Mixing devices for the heat transfer medium to a central unit to be manufactured as a series product so united that the individual components only by installing connecting lines can be connected and the mostly ready-made external boiler, district heating or Heating circuit control devices the control and regulating functions for the components the central unit.

By maintaining discrete components instead the combined, such as heating water / hot water combination storage, are advantageously a clear Construction and an energy economic Driving style of the entire system and strict adherence to specified Temperature limits attainable.

The unit to be created is thus for both the equipment of new plants as well as for retrofitting existing heating systems.

This makes it more advantageous Way possible when using conventional discrete components of heating technology, for example oil / gas boilers, Water heater with charge pump, heating water buffer storage with connected heat generator, Heating circuit collector and distributor with mixture control and circulation pump, one optimal merging of heating medium flows different origins and values on circuit and control technology simple type and high efficiency according to the technical rules of Heating and sanitary technology to reach.

Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are described below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention using the 1 to 6 shown in more detail.

Show it:

1 the preferred embodiment of the invention in the form of a hydraulic circuit diagram,

2 : an advantageous development of the in 1 illustrated embodiment of the invention,

3 to 6 : additional training of the in 1 shown embodiment of the invention.

In the in 1 The arrangement shown is an oil or gas boiler 3 , one by means of a solar panel 4 heated buffer tank 6 , a heating circuit 7 with low-temperature heating surfaces and a water heater 5 with preheating and post-heating surfaces for a heating and hot water supply system 1 connected together. In the heating and hot water supply system 1 is a circulation pump 2.5 and a drive M for the four-way mixing valve 2.1 intended. These units receive their control commands directly from one of the boilers 3 associated control device 3.1 , The heating circuit 7 Driven in a favorable weather-dependent manner in day mode and / or night setback mode. One in the system 1 provided boiler loading pump 2.11 takes precedence over heating. The boiler loading pump 2.11 has a high delivery rate to achieve the shortest possible loading times. The load of the boiler 6 is preferably done depending on the temperature in the water heater 5 ,

The central collection and distribution facility is included 2 designated.

In a further embodiment of the solution according to the invention is in the heating and hot water supply system 10 as shown in 2 in the collection and distribution facility 12 an additional mixer assembly with a four-way mixing valve 12.2 installed for a second heating circuit T, which, like the mixer assembly with the four-way mixing valve 12.1 from the boiler circuit control 3.1 receives their control commands. Because the return lines of both heating circuits 7 and 7 ' be brought together in a collecting pipe and the heating medium partly in the heating water buffer storage 6 flows and here also via the solar collector 4 the heating circuit can be warmed up by solar energy 7 ' with the low operating temperature partly with heat from the buffer storage 6 operate. This results in considerable energy saving effects.

The in the 3 . 4 . 5 and 6 Units shown differ from the two previous solution examples by the installation of a second boiler loading pump 22:12 . 32.12 . 42.12 respectively. 52.12 , This makes sense if the heating water buffer cylinder 6 respectively. 6 ' independent of the external weather conditions by using alternative energy, for example with the help of a wood boiler. The second pump 22:12 . 32.12 . 42.12 respectively. 52.12 receives its switching impulses on the one hand together with the charge pump 22:11 . 32.11 . 42.11 . 52.11 what heat energy from the oil / gas boiler 3 removes, on the other hand together with the charge pump 8.1 the heating water buffer cylinder 6 respectively. 6 ' , Because this charge pump only at temperatures above 60 ° C in the wood boiler 8th is in operation, the heat is generated by the additional charge pump 22:12 . 32.12 . 42.12 . 52.12 from the buffer memory 6 respectively. 6 ' to the water heater 5 respectively. 5 ' transported. A temperature limiting device protects the respective water heater 5 respectively. 5 ' before the limit temperature of 60 ° C is exceeded.

The in the 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 and 6 shown heating and hot water supply systems 1 . 10 . 20 . 30 . 40 and 50 are each with a central collection and distribution facility 2 . 12 . 22 . 32 . 42 respectively. 52 fitted.

According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the first inflow opening is in the central collecting and distributing devices 2 . 12 . 22 . 32 . 42 respectively. 52 arranged four-way mixing valves 2.1 . 12.1 . 12.2 . 22.1 . 32.1 . 42.1 . 42.2 . 52.1 respectively. 52.2 with a first manifold 2.3 . 12.3 . 22.3 . 32.3 . 42.3 respectively. 52.3 for a heat transfer medium of higher value, the second inflow opening of the respective four-way mixing valve offset by 90 ° with a second distributor pipe 2.4 . 12.4 . 22.4 . 32.4 . 42.4 respectively. 52.4 for a heat transfer medium of lesser value, and the third inlet opening of the respective four-way mixing valve with the return line of the heating circuit which is offset by a further 90 ° 7 respectively. 7 ' connected. The fourth outlet of the four-way mixing valve, the outflow opening, is the heating circuit pump or are the heating circuit pumps 2.5 . 12.5 . 12.6 . 22.5 . 32.5 . 42.5 . 42.6 . 52.5 respectively. 52.6 assigned to the respective heating and hot water supply system.

In order to enable the installation of the distribution pipes in one level in the collection and distribution system of the respective heating and hot water supply system, ring fittings are used in the pipes either in the horizontal or in the vertical direction (not shown in more detail) at the crossing points Openings are passed through the crossing pipes.

Advantages in terms of assembly technology can be achieved in particular if the two distributors assigned to the respective four-way mixing valve (s) consist of hollow profiles which have bushings used 2.12 . 12:12 . 22:13 . 32.13 . 42.14 respectively. 52.14 for the cross-connected connecting lines.

In the two inflow lines to the respective mixing valve there are check valves arranged inside pipe fittings 2.7 . 12.7 . 12.8 . 22.7 . 32.7 . 42.7 . 42.8 respectively. 52.7 and 52.8 installed, which prevent incorrect circulation in an advantageous manner. Due to the presence of these detachable connections, the respective four-way mixing valve can 2.1 . 12.1 . 12.2 . 22.1 . 32.1 . 42.1 . 42.2 . 52.1 respectively. 52.2 can be easily dismantled if necessary.

The pipe connections are in a known manner always in pairs, each for forward and reverse of the Heat transfer medium educated.

The hydraulic connecting links for the above-mentioned components of the heating technology, together with the associated circulation and mixing devices for the heat transfer medium, form a central collecting and distributing device to be manufactured as a series product 2 . 12 . 22 . 32 . 42 respectively. 52 combined in such a way that the individual components can only be connected by installing connecting lines and that the mostly pre-assembled external boiler, district heating or heating circuit control devices simultaneously control and regulate functions for the components of the central collection and distribution device 2 . 12 . 22 . 32 . 42 respectively. 52 can take over.

By maintaining discrete components instead the combined, such as heating water / hot water combination storage, are advantageously a clear Construction of the entire system, an energy-efficient driving style and the strict Compliance with specified temperature limits can be achieved.

The collection and distribution facilities 2 . 12 . 22 . 32 . 42 respectively. 52 are suitable for equipping new systems as well as for retrofitting existing heating systems.

This makes it more advantageous Way possible when using conventional discrete components of heating technology, for example oil / gas boilers, Water heater with charge pump, heating water buffer storage with a connected heat generator, Heating circuit collector and distributor with mixture control and circulation pump, an optimal merging of heating medium flows different origins and values on circuit and control technology simple type and with high efficiency according to the technical rules heating and sanitary engineering to reach.

The in the 1 to 6 shown collection and distribution facilities 2 . 12 . 22 . 32 . 42 . 52 have a load-bearing insulating body as a housing for all elements 2.9 . 12.9 . 22.9 . 32.9 . 42.9 respectively. 52.9 on, which is formed in two parts in a technically advantageous manner.

The invention is limited in their execution not to the preferred embodiments given above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable, which of the shown solution also in principle different types Makes use of.

Claims (14)

Central collection and distribution facility ( 2 . 12 . 22 . 32 . 42 . 52 ) for a heating system with water heating ( 1 . 10 . 20 . 30 . 40 . 50 ), which paired pipe connections each for flow and return for connection to an oil / gas boiler ( 3 ), a heating water buffer tank ( 6 ) for renewable thermal energy and / or thermal energy of lesser value than that of the oil / gas boiler ( 3 ), one or more downstream heating circuits ( 7 . 7 ' ) and a water heater ( 5 . 5 ' ) as well as electrical connections for cables for connection to a power supply device and a control device ( 3.1 ), characterized in that for connecting the downstream building heating circuit ( 7 , T) a four-way mixing valve ( 2.1 . 12.1 . 12.2 . 22.1 . 32.1 . 42.1 . 42.2 . 52.1 . 52.2 ) is provided. Central collecting and distributing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the four-way mixing valve ( 2.1 . 12.1 . 12.2 . 22.1 . 32.1 . 42.1 . 42.2 . 52.1 . 52.2 ) for the downstream building heating circuit ( 7 . 7 ' ) has three inflow openings and one outflow opening. Central collecting and distributing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first inflow opening of the four-way mixing valve ( 2.1 . 12.1 . 12.2 . 22.1 . 32.1 . 42.1 . 42.2 . 52.1 . 52.2 ) with a first manifold ( 2.3 . 12.3 . 22.3 . 32.3 . 42.3 . 52.3 ) for a heat transfer medium of higher value, the second inflow opening is connected to a second distributor pipe ( 2.4 . 12.4 . 22.4 . 32.4 . 42.4 . 52.4 ) for a heat transfer medium of lesser value, the third inflow opening is connected to the return line of the downstream building heating circuit ( 7 . 7 ' ) is connected and the heating circuit pump ( 2.5 . 12.5 . 12.6 . 22.5 . 32.5 . 42.5 . 42.6 . 52.5 . 52.6 ) is assigned, with the distributor pipe ( 2.3 . 12.3 . 22.3 . 32.3 . 42.3 . 52.3 ) for the heat transfer medium of higher value, the flow line to the water heater ( 5 . 5 ' ) is connected and the return line from the water heater ( 5 . 5 ' ) with the return line of the downstream building heating circuit ( 7 . 7 ' ) is merged. Central collecting and distributing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat transfer medium of higher value from an oil / gas boiler ( 3 ) can be heated. Central collection and distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat transfer medium of lesser value from a heating water buffer store ( 6 respectively. 6 ' ) can be heated. Central collecting and distributing device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the four-way mixing valve ( 2.1 . 12.1 . 12.2 . 22.1 . 32.1 . 42.1 . 42.2 . 52.1 . 52.2 ) has a rotary valve arranged in a substantially cylindrical valve housing with a motor drive. Central collecting and distributing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the two inflow lines between the distributor pipes ( 2.3 . 12.3 . 22.3 . 32.3 . 42.3 . 52.3 . 2.4 . 12.4 . 22.4 . 32.4 . 42.4 . 52.4 ) and the four-way mixing valve ( 2.1 . 12.1 . 12.2 . 22.1 . 32.1 . 42.1 . 42.2 . 52.1 . 52.2 ) each backflow preventer ( 2.7 . 12.7 . 12.8 . 22.7 . 32.7 . 42.7 . 42.8 . 52.7 . 52.8 ) are provided. Collecting and distributing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the backflow preventer ( 2.7 . 12.7 . 12.8 . 22.7 . 32.7 . 42.7 . 42.8 . 52.7 . 52.8 ) is arranged within a detachable pipe fitting. Collecting and distributing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distributor pipes ( 2.3 . 12.3 . 22.3 . 32.3 . 42.3 . 52.3 . 2.4 . 12.4 . 22.4 . 32.4 . 42.4 . 52.4 ) have ring fittings at the crossing points in the vertical or horizontal direction, through the openings of which pipes are laid crosswise. Collecting and distributing device according to claim 9, characterized in that the two of the four-way mixing valve ( 2.1 . 12.1 . 12.2 . 22.1 . 32.1 . 42.1 . 42.2 . 52.1 . 52.2 ) facing distribution pipes ( 2.3 . 12.3 . 22.3 . 32.3 . 42.3 . 52.3 . 2.4 . 12.4 . 22.4 . 32.4 . 42.4 . 52.4 ) made of hollow profiles with inserted bushings ( 2.12 . 12:12 . 22:13 . 32.13 . 42.14 . 52.15 ) exist for the pipes crossing them. Collecting and distributing device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that when there are several on the distributor pipes ( 2.3 . 12.3 . 22.3 . 32.3 . 42.3 . 52.3 . 2.4 . 12.4 . 22.4 . 32.4 . 42.4 . 52.4 ) connected four-way mixing valves in the return line of each heating circuit ( 7 . 7 ' ) a reflux preventer before merging ( 12:10 . 42.10 . 52.10 ) is arranged. Collecting and distributing device according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that when the buffer store is heated by a solid fuel boiler ( 8th ) a second boiler loading pump ( 22:12 . 32.12 . 42.12 , 52.12) to act on the preheating surface of the water heater ( 5 . 5 ' ) with the distributor pipe ( 22.4 . 32.4 . 42.4 . 52.4 ) is connected for a heat transfer medium of lower value. Collecting and distributing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for housing all elements of the device ( 2 . 12 . 22 . 32 . 42 . 52 ) a mechanically load-bearing insulating body ( 2.9 . 12.9 . 22.9 . 32.9 . 42.9 . 52.9 ) is provided. Collecting and distributing device according to claim 13, characterized in that the insulating body ( 2.9 . 12.9 . 22.9 . 32.9 . 42.9 . 52.9 ) is formed in two parts.