DE2724011A1 - HOT WATER DEVICE FOR THE PREPARATION OF HOT WATER USING SOLAR ENERGY - Google Patents

Description

272A011

SACHS SYSTEMTECHNIK GnBrI - & 72O SCHWEINFURT

PATENT AND UTILITY MODEL APPLICATION

Hot water device for the preparation of hot water using solar energy

The invention relates to a hot water device for preparation of hot water with the non-exclusive use of solar energy from a solar energy collector.

It is generally known to use solar energy to heat up heat storage systems, and if there is no solar energy, a conventional one Switch on the heating system.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a system for Use of solar energy to produce hot water for the household, which is particularly efficient has and which can be realized with the least possible effort.

According to the invention this object is achieved in that the Warmwasf.ergerät i.a. consists of a heat accumulator that is directly connected to the water supply network, an im or a heat exchanger arranged on the heat accumulator, from a further heat exchanger arranged in the inlet to the heat accumulator as well as a switching arrangement for the circuit of the heat transfer means between the collector and the heat exchangers, which depend on the temperature in the collector and in the heat storage tank the collector circuit closes alternatively via one heat exchanger or via the other heat exchanger. At a such a circuit for the circuit of the heat transport medium between the collector and the heat exchangers is assumed that the use of solar energy can then be achieved with a particularly good degree of efficiency if the temperature of the heat transport medium at the inlet to the collector is as low as possible. The lowest possible temperature is on

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However, this point in the known heat accumulators is not to be achieved when these heat accumulators are already partially or completely filled and already have a higher temperature. Therefore, according to the present patent application, a further heat exchanger is provided, which is located in the inlet of the kill Water to the heat storage is located. Since the tap water now usually has a fairly even and low temperature in the order of 10 ° C, it is also possible, when the temperature in the heat storage tank is higher than the temperature in the collector, there is still heat from the collector via the to conduct another heat exchanger into the incoming cold water. This means that the collector can be used better than previously known and the overall efficiency is increased.

As an alternative to the embodiment described above, however, the switching arrangement can also be set up in such a way that the additional heat exchanger in the inlet of the cold water is switched on in the circuit of the heat transport medium and only the heat exchanger arranged in the heat accumulator is switched on depending on the temperature in the collector and in the heat accumulator additionally switched into the circuit of the heat transport medium !; can be, in the direction of flow in front of the heat exchanger in the inlet of the cold water. With this arrangement, the circuit of the heat transport medium is consciously always passed through the heat exchanger, which is connected upstream of the heat accumulator. This heat exchanger can also be supplied with heat when the temperature in the collector is higher than the temperature in the heat storage tank, which means that the circuit for the oil / transport medium is first passed through the heat exchanger in the heat storage tank and then fed to the heat exchanger in the cold water inlet because in any case the cold water has a lower temperature than the temperature in the heat storage tank. Thus, the overall efficiency of the plant is improved ¹ ·.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is advantageous that a further heat accumulator is provided with a heat exchanger, which is used for heat storage when the first heat accumulator is full and can be switched into the circuit of the heat transport medium by the switching arrangement depending on its temperature and the collector temperature

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Another heat storage unit brings among other things. the advantage with itself, that the temperature in the first heat storage tank, through which tap water flows directly, is at such a low temperature level can be kept that no limestone deposits may occur. In contrast, a Much higher maximum temperature can be realized, which is only dependent on the maximum collector temperature and possibly depends on the boiling point of the storage medium.

The invention also provides that for heat transfer between the two heat accumulators, the corresponding heat exchangers can be connected in series, bypassing the collector. One Such a circuit is particularly advantageous if as a result of the In the absence of solar radiation, the temperature in the collector is lower than in the more highly charged heat storage tank, so that the Heat can be exchanged directly under the two heat accumulators by bypassing the collector circuit.

In this case, the volume of the more highly chargeable is advantageously Heat accumulator a multiple of the volume of the heat accumulator, which is kept lower in temperature. That’s a right large volume of heat even over a longer period of time without solar radiation to disposal.

It is particularly advantageous for accommodating the arrangement that both heat accumulators spatially form a structural unit and are arranged mutually insulated. Both for housing as well as for the installation, a spatial combination of the two heat accumulators is particularly advantageous.

The invention provides that the heat accumulator with the higher possible temperature level surrounds the other heat accumulator and is designed as a pressureless container. In particular, due to its large capacity, the higher chargeable heat accumulator when designed as a pressureless container is completely safe in operation, easy to manufacture and also independent of official approval procedures, so only the smaller heat accumulator, which is not so highly charged , has to be designed as a pressure vessel and withstand the pressure in the water pipe system.

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According to the invention, the switching arrangement consists of valves and / or pumps. So it is possible to have multiple valves and to provide at least one pump for controlling the circuit of the heat transport medium, as well as completely on valves to dispense and to provide several pumps, which then, however, the corresponding circuit completely when switched off shut off or at least significantly increase the flow resistance.

For example, according to the invention, the three described in more detail above are Heat exchangers connected in parallel to each other and to the collector and each heat exchanger is assigned a separate pump, which acts as a closed valve when switched off or has a significantly higher flow resistance. Such an arrangement is particularly simple in structure and also easy to see in terms of its mode of operation. Every The pump is switched on and connects the heat exchanger assigned to it with the collector Heat accumulators bypassing the collector are two pumps switched on at the same time, one against its normal direction of rotation.

The invention further proposes that the Leiden heat exchangers, which are arranged in the two heat accumulators, are connected in parallel to each other and to the collector, the heat exchanger is arranged in the inlet of the cold water in the flow direction behind the two heat exchangers, a short-circuit line to bypass the two heat exchanger is provided in the two heat accumulators with two corresponding valves and is disposed in the flow path downstream of the heat exchanger in the low rechargeable heat storage and behind the heat exchanger in the inlet of the cold water depending on a pump. In this way, it is possible to find a switching arrangement with just two pumps and two valves which contains all the necessary circuits.

According to the invention, it is particularly advantageous if the switching arrangement consists of only one pump which is arranged directly in the flow direction behind the heat exchanger in the inflow of the cold water and which controls the individual circuit

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run through valves. This means that the least possible effort is made on the pump side.

The hot water device can advantageously be designed so that the two heat exchangers in the heat accumulators are arranged in any order in front of the heat exchanger in the inflow of cold water and a bypass line is provided for each of these two heat exchangers and for the collector. This ensures that the heat exchanger in the inflow of the cold water is always included in the circuit of the heat transport medium, regardless of whether - when the temperature is sufficient - the collector is also switched on. Such an arrangement results in noticeable simplifications in the structure of the entire system, whereby this * ³ simplification does not come at the expense of the degree of efficiency.

According to the individual subclaims, it is now possible to either use three 3/2-way valves for controlling the individual circuits of the heat transport means, each of which is a very good solution with one input and two outputs, or else it f. ind the three 3/2-way valves instead of six 2/2-way valves are provided which are respectively in pairs hetätigt. This let'.tf case should be provided if the 2/2-way valves are particularly inexpensive. There is, however, a third possibility, which is particularly inexpensive to manufacture, namely only three 2/2-way valves are provided, which are each arranged in the corresponding bypass lines of the heat exchanger and the collector, although there is ler flow resistance the heat exchanger and the collector must be considerably larger than that of the valves in the open position. If this is not guaranteed, differential pressure check valves must be arranged to increase the flow resistance in the open position of the valves in the individual heat exchanger circuits and in the collector circuit, especially in the drainage lines. These differential pressure check valves ensure that when the corresponding valve is open, the heat transport medium cannot flow through the corresponding heat exchanger, but they are also designed in such a way that they only have a low flow resistance in the direction of flow.

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BAD ORIGIN AL

Another proposal of the invention provides that the heat transport medium flowing through the collector at the same time Represents heat storage medium in highly chargeable heat storage. In this simple way, a heat exchanger can be completely saved without affecting the function.

The invention will then be explained in more detail by means of examples. They show in detail:

Fig, I block diagram of a hot water device;

FIGS. 2 and 3 show the individual circuits using them one pump each;

FIG. H shows the individual circuits using two valves and two pumps; FIG.

Fig. 5 showing the individual circuits of less than ¹ using four valves and a pump;

6 shows the individual circuits using a pump and three 3/2-way valves;

Fig. 7 switching principle for the individual valves uad for the Pump according to the temperature ratio;

8 shows the four possible circuits a, b, c, d;

Fig. 9 Representation of the individual circuits with six 2/2-way * · Valves;

Fig. 10 shows the circuits with three 2/2-way valves

Fig. 11 basic representation of a cycle? with a 2/2-way valve and a differential pressure check valve,

Fig. 1 shows the basic diagram of the hot water device with a solar energy collector 1, its inlet 12 and outlet are connected to a switching arrangement 2, this switch arrangement 2 via three pairs of lines 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 with the

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Heat exchangers W 1, W 2 and W 3 are connected, i) he heat exchanger W 2 is located in the heat accumulator WS 2, which is the one to be heated Contains water. The heat accumulator WS 2 \ travels an inlet 3 for the cold water and a 4 for the warmer Water on. In the heat accumulator WS 2, a heat exchanger W 6 is also arranged, which for example to a conventional Central heating is connected or which is used in the form of an electric heating coil. There is also a heat accumulator WS 3 is provided in which the heat exchanger W is located and where for the direct transfer of heat between the heat accumulator WS 3 and the heat accumulator WS 2, the two heat exchangers W 4 and W 5 are also provided, as well as corresponding connecting lines,

According to the schematic diagram of FIG. 1, it is thus possible to let the heat transport medium which flows through the collector 1 flow either through the heat exchanger W 3, the heat exchanger W 2 or the heat exchanger W 1 when the switching arrangement 2 is in the appropriate position. The decision for the setting of the necessary circuit is to be derived from the individual temperatures, namely from the temperature in collector 1, from the temperature in heat accumulator WS 2, from the temperature in heat accumulator WS 3 and from the temperature in W; ^ metauscher W 1, It is possible according to the two claims 1 and 2, either to route the heat transfer medium alternatively via the heat exchanger W 2 or the heat exchanger W 1 or to ensure that the heat exchanger W 1 is always switched on in the circuit and the heat exchanger W 2 is only included if necessary. The already mentioned in the introduction to the description of the efficiency improvement of the entire system is achieved in that the heat exchanger W 1 is arranged in the inlet 3 for the cold water for the heat storage WS 2, due to the relatively constant and fairly low temperature of the tap water in our latitudes of about + 10 C it is at least during the day possible in most cases to achieve higher temperatures in the collector 1 and 1 to realize therefore a heat transport via the lines 5, 6, 11 and 12 in the heat exchanger W, so that the cold water can from the inlet 3 coming already when entering the heat

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WS 2 storage tank must be preheated. The amount of heat introduced in this way then no longer has to be generated or transported elsewhere. The two alternatives according to claims 1 and 2 now provide that either the heat exchanger W 2 and the heat exchanger W 1 are alternatively switched on in the heat transport medium circuit, depending on whether the temperature in the collector 1 is just above the temperature in the heat accumulator WS 2 lies or not. If it is below this, the circuit is to be placed via the heat exchanger W 1. If the temperature in the collector 1 is above the temperature in the heat accumulator WS 2, it is possible either to route the heat transport medium only via the heat exchanger W 2 or to directly connect the return line 9 from the heat exchanger W 2 with the feed line 6 for the heat exchanger W 1 connect so that the heat transport medium after the reflux from the heat accumulator WS 2 still gives off its excess energy to the heat exchanger W 1. In both cases, energy can be fed to the heat exchanger W 1, which ensures a low temperature of the heat transport medium in the return line 5, from which, in turn, heat can be extracted from the collector as a result of this low temperature. Since the temperature in the heat accumulator WS 2 can be limited in the order of 45 ^ 50 C in consideration of possible lime secretions from the heated water, it is advantageous to provide an additional heat accumulator WS 3 if there is a higher heat supply Lumen is several times that of the heat storage WS 2. Since it has no connection with the circuit of the water to be heated, the highest temperature achieved in it does not play a role with regard to limescale deposits. When using a heat transfer agent having a boiling point higher than 100 C, this temperature can be shifted even after above, in order to limit the construction costs of the hot water unit, it is possible 5 to replace the two heat exchangers W ¹ J, and W in that the heat transfer between the two heat accumulators WS 2 and WS 3 via the heat transfer medium of the heat exchangers W 1, W 2 and W 3 takes place, namely through a corresponding position of the switching arrangement 2, whereby the two heat exchangers VT 2 and W 3 are flowed through one after the other in any order such a necessary word transport

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between WS 2 and WS 3, the switching arrangement 2 has to ensure that the collector 1 is not switched on in this circuit. Since the heat accumulator WS 2 should always have priority during heating and since the heat accumulator WS 3 is significantly higher in its maximum permissible temperature, heat transport only makes sense from WS 3 to WS 2. Thus, the switching arrangement 2 sensibly only has to set the circuit between these two heat accumulators in operation when the temperature in heat accumulator WS 2 has not yet reached the desired maximum value, but the temperature in heat accumulator WS 3 is higher. Here, too, it is possible, for reasons of simplicity, to always connect the heat exchanger W 1 to the circuit following the heat exchanger W 2, since no additional losses arise due to its low heat capacity, even if the cold water contained in it from the inlet 3 is already warmed.

In principle, it is of course possible at any time to open the collector circuit or in the heat storage tank at low temperatures WS 3 to switch on the heat pumps WP 1 or WP 2 in the corresponding lines,

2 shows the basic circuit in which the switching arrangement 2 according to FIG. 1 consists of three pumps P1, P 2 and P 3. By alternately switching on one of these pumps, it is possible to switch each of the heat exchangers W 1, W 2 and W 3 into the circuit with the collector 1 as an alternative. In each case, the inlet line 12 or the return line 11 of the collector ;; However, the prerequisite for the function is that all three pumps represent a high flow resistance in their rest position, so that the heat exchangers of the pumps that are not switched on are not flowed through. For heat transport between the two heat exchangers W 2 and W 3, it is necessary that at least one of the two pumps P 2 or P 3 can be switched in its direction of rotation .

An arrangement according to FIG. 3, in which three pumps are also used , is the same in terms of construction costs. In this case, however, these pumps are each located in the feed line 12 to the collector 1 and for heat transport between the two heat exchangers W 2

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and W 3, only the use of the pump P 3 is necessary.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which by certain Requirements all necessary circuits with two pumps P 1 and P 2 and two valves V 1 and V 2 are shown can. The collector 1 has the inlet line 12 and the return line 11, wherein to close the circuit between the lines 11 and 12, the valve V 1, the short-circuit line K, the valve V 2, the heat exchanger W 1 and the pump P 1 are arranged in series. The two are parallel to the short-circuit line K Arranged heat exchangers W 2 and W 3, namely located in the possible circuit between the heat exchanger W 2 and the short-circuit line K nor the pump P 2, By appropriate position of the valves V 1 and V 2 and corresponding on Set of pumps P 1 and P 2, it is now possible to maintain all neces sary circuits, the heat transfer between W 2 and W 3 are carried out by pump P 2, without flow through the heat exchanger W 1. When the heat exchangers W 2 and W 3 are filled The heat exchanger W 1 is in each case via the collector 1 in the flow direction after one of the two heat exchangers W 2 or W 3 switched on,

Fig. 5 now shows an arrangement in which a single pump P 1 is used. Valves V 3, V 4, V 5 and V 6 are provided for distributing the individual circuits. The pump P 1 is switched on directly into the outlet 18 of the heat exchanger W 1. The two heat exchangers W 2 and W 3 are provided in front of the heat exchanger W 1, the order of which in principle is immaterial. In the present case, W 2 is arranged before W 1 and W 3 is arranged before W 2. Each heat exchanger has an inlet 13, 15, 17 and an outlet 14, 16, 18, furthermore a bypass line 21 and 22 is provided for each of the heat exchangers W 2 and W 3, as well as a bypass line 20 for the collector 1, this bypass line 20 connects the inlet 12 downstream of the pump P 1 is directly connected to the valve V 3 in Ahlauf 11 of the collector 1, the Umgthungsleitung 22 for the heat exchanger W 3 is arranged between the valve V 3 and the valve V 'J and the bypass line 21 for the heat exchanger W 2 between the valve V 4 and the valve V 5 «It is thus possible, depending on the temperature at the individual measuring points, to use the heat exchangers W 2

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or to exclude W 3 from the circuit as well as the collector The heat exchanger W 1 is automatically included in all circuits, always in the direction of flow after the others Heat exchangers,

Pig, 6 shows a possible embodiment using three 3/2-way valves V 6, V 7 and V 8, using / on only three valves of this usual design and a pump P 1, it is possible to implement all the necessary circuits. The collector 1 is provided with an outlet 11 and an inlet 12. The inlet of the valve V 6 is with both the drain as well as to the bypass line 20 for the collector 1. The two outputs of V 6 are on the one hand with the inlet 13 to the heat exchanger W 3 and on the other hand with the bypass line connected for the same heat exchanger. The inlet of the valve V 7 is with the drain I ^ of W 3 and with the bypass line 22 connected by W 3, its two outputs are once with drm Inlet 15 for the heat exchanger W 2 and with the bypass line 21 connected for the same heat exchanger. The inlet 17 from the heat exchanger W 1 is directly connected to the outlet 16 of the heat exchanger W 2 and connected to the bypass line 21 and its outlet l8 leads to the suction side of the pump P 1. The pump is on the pressure side P 1 connected to the inlet of the valve V 8, both outputs connected on the one hand to the bypass line 20 for the collector 1 and on the other hand to the inlet 12 for the collector 1 are. All three valves are in their basic position in FIG drawn, whereby this basic position is not necessarily to be regarded as a meaningful switch position.

In connection with FIGS. 7 and 8, the mode of operation is described below a circuit according to FIG. 7 shows the decision criteria for switching the Valves and the pump according to the individual temperatures to be checked, here mean:

TK = collector temperature

Tl = temperature in heat exchanger W 1

T 2 = temperature in the heat storage tank WS 2 <ts 10-45 ⁰ C

T 3 = temperature in the heat storage tank W5 3 ^ 10-90 ⁰ C

^{T 3} max ~ 90 ° C

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fixed.,;.

As an overview is given in accordance with figure, resulting in retrieving of the different temperatures decisions for the four circuit configurations a, b, c and d corresponding to Figures 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d as well as twice the decision to the off switch of the pump and once for Reheating in the heat accumulator WS 2 by external energy. In the following, the individual cases are discussed individually;

1. TK greater than T 2; T 2 less than T 2 _Q results in switching position a,

2. TK greater than T 2; T 2 greater than T 2 _n ; T 3 less than T 3 'TK greater than T 3j results in switching position b, ^m

3. TK less than T 2; T 3 less than T 2; T 2 greater than T 2 _Q ; TK greater than T 3; also results in switching position b,

H. TK greater than T 2; T 2 greater than T 2 _n ; T 3 less than T 3;

TK less than T 3; TK greater than T 1; results in switching position c,

5, TK less than T 2; T 3 less than T 2; T 2 greater than T 2 "j

TK less than T 3j TK greater than T 1; Switch position C _{1 is also obtained}

6, TK less than T 2; T 3 greater than T 2; results in switching position d,

7, TK less than T 2j T 3 less than T 2j T 2 less than T 2 _Q ; results in heating with additional energy,

8, TK greater than T 2; T 2 greater than T 2 _Q ; T 3 greater than T 3 _Max . results in the pump,

9, TK greater than T 2; T 2 greater than T 2 "; T 3 less than T3, _v i TK less than T 3; TK less than T 1; results in pump .

10, TK less than T 2; T 3 less than T 2; T 2 greater than T 2 _Q ; TK less than T 3; TK less than T 1; results in pump.

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Regarding the possible switching positions a to d, note that the switching position a is maintained until T 2 = 45 C; that the switch position b is kept up until T 3 = 90 ⁰ C; that the. Switching position c is maintained until Tl = TK, and switching position d is maintained until T 2 = T 3 and T 2 = 45 ° C.

In Fig. 8, the individual switching positions a to ö are shown . The switch positions a to c each have a circuit including the collector 1, the various possible combinations with the heat exchangers W 2 and W 3 are possible and the heat exchanger W 1 is automatically included. The switch position d enables heat to be transported between the two Heat accumulators WS 2 and WS 3 bypassing collector 1.

Fig. 9 shows a variant of Fig. 6 using six Pieces of 2/2-way valves. Such an arrangement can be chosen if this type of valve is cheaper in the Procurement is like the more complex three pieces 3/2-way valves, Fig. 6, The illustration shows the valves V 61, V 62, V 71,

V 72, V 8l and V 82 in basic position. This position results in the present case not a meaningful switch position with regard to the object of the invention, the individual switch positions are but to be transferred in a simple manner with reference to FIG.

V 61 is here in the bypass line 22 of the heat exchanger W 3, V 62 is in the feed line 13 to W 3, V 71 is in the feed line 15 to W 2 and V 72 is in the bypass line 21 from W 2, V 81 lies in the bypass line 20 for the collector 1 and V 82 lies in the supply line 12 between the pump P 1 and collector 1.

Pig, 10 shows a further essential simplification of the arrangements according to FIGS. 6 and 9. Only three 2/2-way valves V 9, V 10 and V 11 are used here. These three valves are turned on in bypass lines 22, 21 and 20, respectively. A prerequisite for the functionality of such a circuit is, however, that the flow resistance through the individual heat exchangers W 1, W 2 and W 3 is considerably greater than through the valves V 9, V 10 and V 11 in the flow direction. Should every-

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Al

but these flow resistances for other reasons
not kept as low as in the present desired case
11, it is possible to use differential pressure check valves RV in the respective circuits. At the
As an example of the circuit for the heat exchanger W 3, the arrangement of such a differential pressure check valve RV is described. A 2/2-way valve V 9 is switched on in the bypass line 22 for the heat exchanger W 3. In the illustrated position of this valve V 9, the circuit is intended to bypass de'm heat exchanger W 3. So that part of the V. "firmetransportmittel does not flow through W 3 anyway, a differential pressure check valve RV is installed in the discharge line 14 between W 3 and the outlet of valve V 9. This differential pressure check valve is designed so that it can learn at least up to differential pressure between the input and output of the valve V ') keeps the return 14 blocked. At higher pressures, which occur in the blocked position of the valve V 9, this valve and wrist then open
a low flow resistance. The RV valve came
through its circuit as a differential pressure check valve n <it
a very low preload force for its locking mechanism.

05/24/77
TIP-2 Ho / whm-

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Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS Hot water device for the preparation of Warmwnsnor and not exclusive use of solar energy hm: -, a solar energy collector, characterized in that dι. the water heater among other things, consists of a heat accumulator (WS 2), which is directly connected to the water supply network; csctil ";. sen is, from a heat exchanger arranged in or on the heat accumulator (W 2), from one arranged in the inlet (3) to the heat accumulator further heat exchanger (W 1) and a switching arrangement (2) for the circuit of the heat transport medium between Collector (1) and the heat exchangers, which depend on on the temperature in the collector and in the heat storage tank Collector circuit alternatively via the heat exchanger (Wl) or (W 2) closes, 2, hot water device for the preparation of hot water ur-ter not exclusive use of solar energy. a solar energy collector, characterized in that the hot water device u, a, consists of a heat accumulator (WS 2), which is directly connected to the water supply system, from a heat exchanger (W 2) arranged in the heat storage tank, from a further heat exchanger (W 1) arranged in the inlet to the heat accumulator, which is always in the circuit of the heat transport medium is arranged, and a switching arrangement (2) for the inclusion of the heat exchanger (W 2) in the collector circuit depending on the temperature in the collector (1) and in the heat accumulator, in the direction of flow in front the heat exchanger (W 1), 3. Hot water device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that a further heat accumulator (WS 3) with a heat exchanger (W 3) is provided, which is used to store heat when filled Heat storage (WS 2) is used and the switching arrangement (2) depending on its temperature and the Collector temperature in the circuit of the heat transport medium can be switched on, ¹ I, hot water device according to claim 3, characterized in that for heat transport between heat storage (WS 5) and heat 909807/0006 ORIGINAL BATHROOM Storage (WS 2) the heat exchangers (W 3 and W 2) can be connected in series, bypassing the collector (1). 2/240 5. Hot water device according to claims 1 to H, characterized in that the volume of the heat accumulator (WS 3) is a multiple of the volume of the heat accumulator (W. ". 2). 6. Hot water device according to claim 5, characterized in that both heat accumulators (WS 2 and WS 3) are spatially a structural unit form and are arranged mutually isolated. 7. hot water device according to claims 5 and f>, characterized in that that the heat accumulator (WS 3) surrounds the heat accumulator (WS 2) and is designed as a pressureless container. 8. Hot water device according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that the switching arrangement (2) consists of valves (V 1 to V 11) and / or pumps (P 1 to P 3). 9. Hot water device according to claim 8, characterized in that three heat exchangers (W 1, W 2 and W 3) are parallel to one another and are connected to the collector (1) and each heat exchanger is assigned a separate pump (P 1, P 2, P 3), which in the switched off state acts as a closed valve or has a significantly higher flow resistance. 10, hot water device according to claim 8, characterized in that the two heat exchangers (W 2 and W 3) are connected in parallel to each other and to the collector (1), the war tip house rather (Wl) in the direction of flow behind the two heat exchangers (W 2 and W 3) is arranged, a short-circuit line (K) for bypassing the two heat exchangers (W 2 and W 3) with two corresponding valves (V 1; V 2) is provided and in the flow path behind the heat exchanger (W 2) and behind the heat exchanger (W 1) each one pump (P 1; P 2) is arranged, 11, hot water device according to claim 8, characterized in that the switching arrangement (2) consists of only one pump (P 1) which is arranged immediately downstream of the heat exchanger (Wl) in the direction of flow and the control of the individual circuits via valves (V 3 to V 5) takes place. 909807/0006 12. Hot water device according to claim 11, characterized gekennzr'chßet that, seen in the direction of flow, the heat exchanger W 3) in any order before the heat exchanger (W 1) are arranged and for the two heat exchangers (V / 2 and Ά 3) and a bypass line (22; 21; 20) is provided for each collector (1), 13 · Hot water device according to claim 12, characterized in that three 3/2-way valves (V 6; V 7; V 8) are provided, of which the first (V 6) with its inlet is connected to the collector drain (11) and the collector bypass line (20) is connected, with its two outlets with the inlet (13) to the heat exchanger (W 3) and the bypass line (22) from the heat exchanger (W 3), the inlet of the second> n valve (V 7) with the Drain (I ¹ O from the heat exchanger (W 3) and the bypass line (22) from the heat exchanger (W 3), with its outlets with the inlet (15) to the heat exchanger (W 2) and dpi bypass line (21) from the heat exchanger (W ?.) , whereby the outlet (16) from the heat exchanger (W 2) and the bypass; Ie i 1 "υ ng (21) from the heat exchanger (W 2) simultaneously form the inlet (17) from the heat exchanger (W 1) and the Drain (18) "" in heat exchanger (W 1) is connected to the suction side of the pump (Pl), and the third valve (V 8) on the inlet side with the pressure side of the pump and on the outlet side with d'in Z U flow (12) to the collector (1) and the collector bypass duct (20) is connected, 1 * 4, hot water device according to claim 13, characterized in that that instead of the three 3/2-way valves (V 6; V 7; V 8) correspondingly six 2/2-way valves (V 61; V 62; V 71} V 72; V 8l; V 82) are provided, 15 »Hot water device according to claim 12, characterized in that three 2/2-way valves (V 9; V 10; V 11) are rotated, which are each in the corresponding bypass :: - 1 ei lungs (22j; 21j 20) the heat exchanger (W 2 and W 3) and the collector (1) are arranged, and the flow resistance of the heat exchangers and the collector is considerably higher than that of the valves in the open position, 909807/0006 BATH ORIGINAL 16. Hot water device according to claim 15, characterized in that to increase the flow resistances in the open position the valves in the individual heat exchanger circuits and the collector circuit, especially in the drainage pipes, Differential pressure check valves (RV) are arranged. 17. Hot water device according to claims 3 to 16, characterized in that that the heat transport medium flowing through the collector is at the same time the heat storage medium in the heat accumulator (WS 3). 05/21/77
TIP-2 Ho / whm- 909807/0006