WO2009055987A1 - Procédé d'acquisition de synchronisation grossière de temporisation dans un système de communication mobile - Google Patents

Procédé d'acquisition de synchronisation grossière de temporisation dans un système de communication mobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009055987A1
WO2009055987A1 PCT/CN2007/003944 CN2007003944W WO2009055987A1 WO 2009055987 A1 WO2009055987 A1 WO 2009055987A1 CN 2007003944 W CN2007003944 W CN 2007003944W WO 2009055987 A1 WO2009055987 A1 WO 2009055987A1
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Prior art keywords
synchronization
synchronization position
frame
delay
decision
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PCT/CN2007/003944
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Qiang Li
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Zte Corporation
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Priority to US12/679,016 priority Critical patent/US8290002B2/en
Publication of WO2009055987A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009055987A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2656Frame synchronisation, e.g. packet synchronisation, time division duplex [TDD] switching point detection or subframe synchronisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2673Details of algorithms characterised by synchronisation parameters
    • H04L27/2676Blind, i.e. without using known symbols
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2681Details of algorithms characterised by constraints
    • H04L27/2684Complexity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular, to a timing coarse synchronization acquisition method in a mobile communication system.
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology has been highly valued by researchers because it can mitigate the adverse effects of frequency selective fading. It has long been used as a new wireless standard. It is preferred to turn off physical transport technology and begin research on standardization and industrialization.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • Timing synchronization is further subdivided into timing coarse synchronization and timing fine synchronization.
  • the task of the fixed-time coarse synchronization is to search for the received signal, capture the timing of the OFDM transmission system, and determine the starting position of the OFDM symbol.
  • the OFDM system is sensitive to timing offsets. The timing offset can destroy the orthogonality between subcarriers and introduce interference between OFDM subcarriers, which in turn causes the performance of the receiver to decrease.
  • the existing timing coarse synchronization method requires the receiver to use a high-precision crystal oscillator, and the synchronization method has a high computational complexity. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a timing coarse synchronization acquisition method in a mobile communication system, which is applied to a mobile communication system that repeatedly transmits the same signal block, especially in a mobile multimedia broadcast system, which is not only simple and effective, but also actually runs.
  • Good stability because the method has synchronous prediction function, it can be used to estimate the sample-level deviation caused by the sampling clock deviation, so it is suitable for the receiver to use low-precision crystal.
  • the technical solution proposed by the present invention because of the flexible technical solution, can be widely applied to various systems that use the same symbol block to repeatedly transmit and perform timing synchronization, and the frequency deviation information naturally carries the estimation result, which can be partially applied. Correction for frequency offset estimation.
  • the present invention provides a timing coarse synchronization acquisition method in a mobile communication system, which is applied to timing synchronization acquisition of a mobile communication system that repeatedly transmits the same signal block.
  • the method includes the following processing steps:
  • A Starting from the start time of the synchronous acquisition, sequentially calculate the delay-related accumulated value at the K sampling points, where K is the number of delay-related accumulated values of each time slot;
  • the synchronization position prediction value of the next frame is obtained by using the L synchronization position determination results; when the reliable synchronization position determination result is close to the synchronization position prediction value of the current frame, the captured synchronization position is determined as The result of the synchronization position decision of the last frame.
  • step c
  • the continuous reliable position determination result is close to the synchronization position prediction value of the current frame.
  • the synchronization position determination result of the continuous L frame is reliable, and the absolute value of the difference between the predicted position and the synchronization position of the current frame is less than or equal to
  • the synchronization captures a minimum number of consecutive reliable frames; the synchronization captures a decision threshold;
  • Determining the captured synchronization position as the synchronization position decision result of the last frame means that the captured synchronization position is the synchronization position decision result of the last frame in consecutive 2 ⁇ frames.
  • the step A further includes: calculating a synchronization metric of the delay-related accumulated value; in the step B, the location corresponding to the delay-related accumulated value is the location corresponding to the local peak value .
  • the synchronization metric is the power of the delay-related accumulated value? .
  • the step B further includes: outputting a reliability flag of the current frame determination result; the reliability flag is used to indicate whether the synchronization position determination result of the current frame is reliable;
  • ⁇ successive frame synchronization position decision result means are reliable: £ ⁇ continuous reliability flag indicating frame synchronization position judgment are a reliable result of the present frame. Further, in the step B, the judgment flag and the reliability flag are obtained by the following formula:
  • the current frame synchronization position decision is:
  • the reliability flags of the current frame synchronization decision are:
  • the current frame synchronization position decision result is:
  • the local peak position is normalized; - the threshold is determined for the synchronization reliability, V is the synchronous position estimate, and max (') is the largest of the operands.
  • step B the correlation envelope detection algorithm or the maximum correlation value detection algorithm is used to search for local peaks in each frame and their corresponding synchronization position estimates.
  • step A calculating the delay-related accumulated value refers to:
  • ⁇ ⁇ + ) ⁇ k 0 + ⁇ ' + JV - 1)/ (/c. + + N - 1)
  • the delay-related accumulated value is calculated as follows:
  • the robust d- and two-square linear fitting algorithm uses the synchronization decision results to predict the synchronization decision balance of the z-th frame.
  • the method of the invention adopts the characteristics of flexible design of the receiving timing acquisition method, small amount of synchronous search calculation, high precision of synchronous capture, high stability of the receiver system, and completely avoiding complicated
  • the modulo and division operations can be conveniently implemented in hardware or software.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a timing coarse synchronization acquisition method of the present invention.
  • the core idea of the present invention is to use the delay correlation method to search for correlation peaks within a certain range by using the identical signal segments in the time slots of the physical frame, and then obtain the estimation of the receiver timing coarse synchronization.
  • predicting the current slot synchronization result can significantly reduce the probability of occurrence of outliers in the timing coarse synchronization result and improve the accuracy of the receiver timing acquisition.
  • the invention has the following main technical features: (1) using delay correlation technology; (2) relevant accumulated value carrying frequency offset information; (3) using simplified power calculation method; (4) stable and reliable search result; (5) Using synchronous prediction technology; (6) Suitable for receivers using low-precision crystal oscillators; Combining the above characteristics, the present invention can capture mobile communication systems that repeatedly transmit the same signal block in real time and low complexity in the case of using low-precision crystal oscillators. Timing coarse synchronization can meet the requirements of timing synchronization for this type of mobile communication system.
  • timing coarse synchronization acquisition proposed by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 and the terminal receiver of the China Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting System as an example.
  • the present invention is not limited to this example, and can be applied to other timing synchronization acquisitions of mobile communication systems that repeatedly transmit the same signal block.
  • the parameters are not limited to the above values, and may be taken according to actual conditions.
  • Step A specifically includes the following steps:
  • Al calculate the delay-related accumulated value; start from the start time of the synchronous acquisition, and sequentially calculate the delay-related accumulated value at each sampling point.
  • e. ⁇ r, k o y, k + k. ⁇ N D , where is the digital baseband received signal, N is the length of the delay-dependent accumulation, and ⁇ is the delay-related delay sample number. It is the starting moment of the synchronization capture, indicating the complex conjugate operation.
  • the delay-related accumulated value is a complex number, which is convenient for the synchronization of the search timing. It is necessary to construct a synchronization metric, which is a function of delaying the associated accumulated value.
  • the power of the delay-related accumulated value is taken as a synchronization metric, and the power is:
  • Step B specifically includes the following steps:
  • Timing synchronization searches M time slots per frame, and an estimate of M synchronization positions can be obtained.
  • the delay-related accumulated value is the maximum value, so the synchronization metric value is an extreme point whose value is the largest or the smallest.
  • the local peak is the power value in step A2
  • the position corresponding to the local peak of the power value is an estimate of the synchronization position.
  • searching for a local peak unit requires searching for an estimate of the sync position within the range of each sample point based on the power.
  • the present invention supports, but is not limited to, using any of two local peak algorithm searches, one is a correlation envelope detection algorithm, and the other is a maximum correlation value detection algorithm.
  • the synchronous position estimation result corresponding to the local peak of the local peak search is:
  • the search local peak unit obtains multiple synchronization position estimates, and selects one of the most reliable estimation values from the plurality of synchronization position estimates as the decision balance of the current frame synchronization position and simultaneously determines whether the current judgment result is reliable, but It is not limited to calculating the reliability flag / of the current decision result.
  • the reliability flag is used to indicate whether the synchronization position decision of the frame is reliable. The value of 1 can be set to indicate that the decision result is reliable, and 0 is the judgment result. Unreliable; the most reliable estimate can be chosen according to the actual situation, such as selecting the position in the middle; if a frame only searches for one time slot, then no choice is needed.
  • the present invention supports but is not limited to two decision algorithms, one is based on a peak value detection algorithm, and the other is a peak position based decision algorithm. a, based on the peak value of the decision algorithm:
  • the current frame synchronization position decision result is
  • U is the synchronization position V k corresponding to the peak value of the M local peaks, which is the power corresponding to the position V k .
  • the reliability flag of the current frame synchronization decision is
  • Pu is the power corresponding to the position U.
  • the current frame synchronization position decision result is: where ⁇ / 2" is rounded down to M/2.
  • the reliability flag of the current frame synchronization decision result is
  • Step C specifically includes the following steps:
  • a synchronization position decision result is obtained.
  • the result of the synchronization position decision is the decision result 11 of the corresponding frame synchronization position obtained in step B2.
  • the synchronization result prediction unit will use this synchronization position decision coefficient to predict the synchronization position prediction value p L of the +1 frame. Assuming that the results of the judgments are respectively..., _ using the robust least squares linear fitting algorithm, the fitting curve is:
  • the output synchronized position determination result is the synchronization position decision result of the last frame: S q . Otherwise, continue with the synchronization capture process.
  • the reliability flag can also be output in practical applications, when consecutive frames are satisfied: a Pl I "
  • the output synchronization position is the synchronization position decision of the last frame in the continuous L acq frame:
  • the present invention can fully utilize the structural characteristics of physical frames in a mobile communication system that repeatedly transmits the same signal block in the case of using a low-precision crystal oscillator, and capture the timing coarseness in such a mobile communication system in a fast real-time and low-complexity. Synchronization can well meet the requirements of timing synchronization for this type of mobile communication system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)

Description

一种移动通信系统中定时粗同歩捕获方法
技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信领域,尤其涉及一种移动通信系统中定时粗同步捕 获方法。
背景技术
为了能够提供统一高速的多媒体传输服务,宽带无线接入系统首先需要 采用性能良好的对抗频率选择性衰落的技术。 正交频分复用 (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM )技术, 由于能够很好的緩解频率 选择性衰落帶来的恶劣影响, 因而受到广大研究者的重视,很早就作为各种 新型无线标准的首选关 t物理传输技术, 并开始标准化和产业化的研究。
移动多媒体广播是 OFDM技术的应用的一个重要方面。 OFDM传输系 统的同步包括频率同步和定时同步。定时同步又细分为定时粗同步和定时精 同步。 定.时粗同步的任务是搜索接收信号, 捕获 OFDM传输系统的定时, 确定 OFDM符号的开始位置。 OFDM系统对定时偏差较为敏感, 定时偏差 能够破坏子载波间的正交性, 引入 OFDM子载波间的干扰, 进而造成接收 机的性能的下降。现有的定时粗同步方法要求接收机使用高精度晶振, 且同 步方法的计算复杂度高。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提出了一种移动通信系统中定时粗同步捕 获方法,应用于重复传输相同信号块的移动通信系统, 特别是移动多媒体广 播系统中, 不仅实现简单有效, 而且实际运行稳定性好, 由于方法带有同步 预测功能, 可以用来估计采样钟偏差带来的样点级偏差, 故而适合于接收机 使用低精度晶振的情况。 另外, 本发明所提出的技术方案, 由于技术方案灵 活,可广泛应用于各种采用重复传输相同符号块,进行定时同步的系统之中 , 而且估计结果之中自然携带频率偏差信息, 可部分应用于频偏估计校正。 为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种移动通信系统中定时粗同步 捕获方法,应用于重复传输相同信号块的移动通信系统的定时同步捕获; 其 特征在于, 所述方法包括以下处理步骤:
A、 从同步捕获的起始时刻开始, 依次计算 K个采样点处的延迟相关累 加值, K为各时隙延迟相关累加值的个数;
B、 每帧搜索 M个时隙, 将延迟相关累加值最大时对应的位置作为同步 位置的估计,得到 M个同步位置估计,从中选择一个同步位置估计作为当前 帧同步位置判决结果, 并判断该判决结杲是否可靠;
C、 搜索 L帧后, 利用 L个同步位置判决结果得到下一帧的同步位置预 测值; 当持续有可靠的同步位置判决结果与本帧的同步位置预测值接近时, 确定捕获的同步位置为最后一个帧的同步位置判决结果。
进一步的, 所述步骤 c中:
持续有可靠的同步位置判决结果与本帧的同步位置预测值接近是指:连 续 L 帧的同步位置判决结果都可靠, 并且其与本帧的同步位置预测值的差 值的绝对值小于或等于 所述 ^为同步捕获最少连续可靠帧数; 所述 为同步捕获判决门限;
确定捕获的同步位置为最后一个帧的同步位置判决结果是指:捕获的同 步位置为连续 2 ^帧中最后一个帧的同步位置判决结果。
进一步的, 应用于移动多媒体广播系统。
进一步的, 所述步骤 A中还包括: 计算延迟相关累加值的同步度量; 所述步骤 B中:所述延迟相关累加值最大时对应的位置即所述同步度量 值为局部峰值时对应的位置。
进一步的, 所述同步度量为所述延迟相关累加值的功率?。
进一步的, 所述步骤 B中还包括: 输出当前帧判决结果的可靠性标志; 所述可靠性标志用于指示本帧的同步位置判决结果是否可靠;
所述步骤 C中, 连续 ^帧的同步位置判决结果都可靠是指: 连续 £^帧 的可靠性标志都指示本帧的同步位置判决结果可靠。 进一步的, 所述步骤 B中, 按下式得到判决结杲和可靠性标志:
当前帧同步位置判决结杲为:
C/ = argmaX¾. }_ ^ο,Ι,-, -Ι 其中, Vk为同步位置估计, 即 U为 M个局部峰值中峰值数值最大者对 应的同步位置估计;
当前帧同步判决结杲的可靠性标志为:
Figure imgf000005_0001
其中, -为同步可靠性判决门限。 进一步的, 所述步骤 B中, 按下式得到判决结果和可靠性标志:
当前帧同步位置判决结果为:
Figure imgf000005_0002
其中, 对局部峰值位置进行归一化; -为同步可靠性判决门限, V 为 同步位置估计, max(')为取操作数的最大者。
进一步的,所述步骤 B中采用相关包络检测算法或最大相关值检测算法 搜索各帧中的局部峰值及其对应的同步位置估计。
进一步的, 所述步骤 A中, 计算延迟相关累加值是指:
先计算延迟相关累加初值:
Figure imgf000005_0003
其中, )是数字基带接收信号, 是延迟相关累加的长度, ^是延迟 相关的延迟样点数, 而 /。则是同步捕获的起始时刻, '''(')表示复共扼搡作; 在相关累加初值的基础上, 从同步捕获的起始时刻开始, 迭代计算各个 采样点处的延迟相关累加值: θ{ = + ){k0 + Ζ' + JV - 1)/ (/c。 + + N - 1)
-r(/c0+i-l)r*(/0+i + ^-l)
其中, ί' = 1,2,3,·Ί 进一步的, 所述步 ¾ Α中, 按下式计算延迟相关累加值:
0 =∑ r(k + A。 + i) (k - '。 +?: +VD )
k = Q 。 ' 其中, "W是数字基带接收信号, W是延迟相关累加的长度, ^是延迟 相关的延迟样点数, 而 则是同步捕获的起始时刻, '(')表示复共扼操作; z = 1,2,3,···^。 进一步的, 所述步骤 C中, 利用 L个同步位置判决结果得到下一帧的 同步位置预测值是指:
釆用鲁棒性最 d、二乘线性拟合算法利用所述 个同步判决结果, 预测第 z i帧的同步判决结杲。
与现有技术相比, 采用本发明所述方法, 接收定时捕获方法设计灵活, 同步搜索计算量小, 同步捕获结杲精度高, 接收机系统的稳定性好等特点, 并且完全避免了复杂的取模及除法运算, 可方便地采用硬件或软件方式实 现。
附图概述
图 1 是本发明定时粗同步捕获方法流程图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明的技术方案进行更详细的说明。
本发明的核心思想是利用物理帧各时隙中完全相同的信号段,采用延迟 相关的方法, 在一定范围内搜索相关峰值, 进而获取接收机定时粗同步的估 计。 为使粗同步结果更加稳定可靠, 对当前时隙同步结果进行预测, 可明显 地降低定时粗同步结果中异常值出现概率, 提高接收机定时捕获的精确度。 本发明具有如下主要技术特点: ( 1 )采用延迟相关技术; (2 )相关累 加值携带频偏信息; (3 )采用可简化的功率计算法; (4 )稳定可靠的搜索 结果; ( 5 )采用同步预测技术; ( 6 )适用于采用低精度晶振的接收机; 综 合以上特点, 本发明可在使用低精度晶振的情况下, 实时低复杂度地捕获重 复传输相同信号块的移动通信系统的定时粗同步,能够 4艮好地满足这一类移 动通^ ί言系统对定时同步的要求。
为了能使本发明的技术方案及其技术优势更加清晰,下面将结合附图 1 , 以中国移动多媒体广播系统的终端接收机为例,对本发明提出的定时粗同步 获取的技术方案进行详细描述。本发明并不限于本例, 也可以应用于其它采 用重复传输相同信号块的移动通信系统的定时同步捕获。
本例所涉及的主要设计参数取值如表 1所示。
表 1 实施例主要设计参数表
Figure imgf000007_0001
实际应用时, 各参数不限于取上述数值, 可按实际情况取值。
A、 计算同步度量。
步骤 A具体包括以下步骤:
Al、 计算延迟相关累加值; 从同步捕获的起始时刻开始, 依次计算各 个采样点处的延迟相关累加值。
为了减少同步搜索稳定的时间, 可以先计算延迟相关累加初值: e。 =∑r、 koy、k + k。 ÷ND、 其中, 是数字基带接收信号, N是延迟相关累加的长度, ^是延迟 相关的延迟样点数, 而 。则是同步捕获的起始时刻, 表示复共扼操作。
在相关累加初值的基础上, 从同步捕获的起始时刻开始, 迭代计算各个 采样点处的延 相关累加值:
θ: = + r、k。 +i + N— l)r * (c + + _/ + N - 1)
Figure imgf000008_0001
其中, z' = l,2,3,... , 为每时隙延迟相关累加值的个数。
当然, 为减少计算过程中所需的存储空间, 也可以采用以下直接相关的 形式:
Figure imgf000008_0002
需要注意的是, 直接计算方法的缺点是运算相对较大。
A2、 计算同步度量;
延迟相关累加值是一复数, 为搜索定时同步方便, 需要构造同步度量, 此度量为延迟相关累加值的函数。
本例中, 将所述延迟相关累加值的功率作为同步度量, 该功率为:
Pt = Θ.Θ* 为减少运算量也可采用如下的筒化形式
Figure imgf000008_0003
其中, 本例中 =1, = 1/2 , Γ /(·)和 ζ· )分別为取复数的实部和虛部, maX(.)和 min(.) 分别为取操作数的最大和最小者。
实际应用中, 不限于以功率作为同步度量。
B、 更新同步数据。
步骤 B具体包括以下步骤:
Bl、 搜索局部峰值;
定时同步每帧搜索 M个时隙, 可以得到 M个同步位置的估计。 当搜索 到正常同步位置时, 所述延迟相关累加值为最大值, 所以所述同步度量值是 极值点, 其值最大或最小。 本例中, 局部峰值为步骤 A2中的功率值, 该功 率值局部峰值对应的位置即同步位置的估计。假设每 ^:个采样点内有一同步 位置, 搜索局部峰值单元需要在每 个样点范围内, 根椐所述功率, 搜索到 一个同步位置的估计。 本发明支持但不限于采用两种局部峰值算法搜索中的任一种,一是相关 包络检测算法, 一是最大相关值检测算法。
若采用第二种检测算法,局部峰值搜索的局部峰值对应的同步位置估计 结果为:
^ = argW¾¾^} λ- = 0,1, · · , -1 ; 假设步骤 B1搜索到的连续 10帧的局部峰值如表 所示。
表 2局部峰值表
Figure imgf000009_0001
B2、 判决当前同步;
每帧中, 搜索局部峰值单元得到多个同步位置估计, 从多个同步位置估 计中, 选择一个最为可靠的估计值, 作为当前帧同步位置的判决结杲 同 时判断当前判决结果是否可靠,可以但不限于计算当前判决结果的可靠性标 志/, 该可靠性标志用于指示本帧的同步位置判决结杲是否可靠, 可设定其 值为 1时表示判决结果可靠, 为 0是表示判决结杲不可靠; 最为可靠的估计 值可以根据实际情况选择, 比如选择位于中间的位置; 如果一帧只搜索一个 时隙, 则不用选择。 本发明支持但不限于两种判决算法, 一种是基于峰值数 值的检测算法, 一种基于峰值位置的判决算法。 a、 基于峰值数值的判决算法:
当前帧同步位置判决结果为
[/ = argmax{P;, } ,…,^ 即 U为 M个局部峰值中峰值数值最大者对应的同步位置 Vk, 是对 应于位置 Vk时的功率。
当前帧同步判决结杲的可靠性标志为
Figure imgf000010_0001
Pu是对应于位置 U的功率。
b、 基于峰值位置的判决算法
假设当前帧的局部峰值对应的同步位置估计 A.是按升序排列的,则当前 帧同步位置判决结果为: 其中, μ / 2」是对 M/2向下取整。 当前帧同步判决结果的可靠性标志为
Figure imgf000010_0002
(注意: 此处需要对局部峰值位置进行归一化)
本例中采用 b—一基于峰值位置的判决算法。按照表 2所示局部峰值表, 计算帧同步位置判决结果和可靠性标志, 其连续 10帧的结杲如表 3所示。
表 3 帧同步判决表
Figure imgf000010_0003
9 14051 1
C、 捕获同步结果。
步骤 C具体包括以下步骤:
Cl、 预测同步结杲;
当搜索了 £帧后, 得到 个同步位置判决结果。 同步位置判决结果即为 步骤 B2中得到的对应帧同步位置的判决结果11。 同步结果预测单元将利用 这 个同步位置判决结杲, 预测第 +1帧的同步位置预测值 pL。 假设 £个判 决结果分别为 …, _ 采用鲁棒性最小二乘线性拟合算法, 可得拟合曲 线为:
pt = αχ. + b 其中;^ = 0,1,··.。 则第 + l帧的同步位置预测值为:
pL =aL + b
按照上述预测算法, 根据表 3中帧 0到帧 7的同步位置, 可得拟合曲线 为 ·■
p,. =196.1 12260 则帧 8同步位置预测值为:
pL = 8 =196.1x8 + 12260 = 13829
再用表 3中帧 1到帧 8的同步位置, 可得另一拟合曲线为:
Figure imgf000011_0001
则帧 9同步位置预测值为
ρι+λ = ρ9 =197x9 + 12250 = 14023
实际应用中, 不限于鲁棒性最小二乘线性拟合算法, 任何可消除异常值 线性拟合算法均可。
C2、计算同步结果; 当持续有可靠的同步位置判决结果与本帧的同步位 置预测值接近时, 确定捕获的同步位置为最后一个帧的同步位置判决结果。
具体来说就是: 当搜索了若干桢后,得到.同步位置预测值序列 , +1,..,、 可靠性标志序列 ,/^,…、 同步预测序列 pL,pLA,"- , 当连续 帧都满足:
SL+q一 Pl+q 和
则认为捕获到可靠的同步位置,输出捕获的同步位置判决结果为最后一 个帧的同步位置判决结果: S q。 否则, 继续进行同步捕获过程。
当然, 实际应用中也可以不输出可靠性标志, 当连续 帧都满足: 一 Pl I "
并且连续 帧的同步位置判决结果都可靠, 则输出捕获的同步位置为 连续 Lacq帧中最后一个帧的同步位置判决结杲: 。
则可认为接收机已捕获到同步位置, 同步位置为 = 14051。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明, 不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的 普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下, 还可以做出若干简单推 演或替换, 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
工业实用性 本发明能够在使用低精度晶振的情况下,充分利用重复传输相同信号块 的移动通信系统中物理帧的结构特点,快速实时低复杂度地在这一类移动通 信系统中捕获定时粗同步,能够很好地满足这一类移动通信系统对定时同步 的要求。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种移动通信系统中定时粗同步捕获方法, 应用于重复传输相同信 号块的移动通信系统的定时同步捕获; 其特征在于, 所述方法包括以下处理 步驟:
A、 从同步捕获的起始时刻开始, 依次计算 K个采样点处的延迟相关累 加值, K为各时隙延迟相关累加值的个数;
B、 每帧搜索 M个时隙, 将延迟相关累加值最大时对应的位置作为同步 位置的估计,得到 M个同步位置估计,从中选择一个同步位置估计作为当前 帧同步位置判决结果, 并判断该判决结果是否可靠;
C、 搜索 L帧后, 利用 L个同步位置判决结果得到下一帧的同步位置预 测值; 当持续有可靠的同步位置判决结果与本帧的同步位置预测值接近时, 确定捕获的同步位置为最后一个帧的同步位置判决结果。
2、 如权利要求 1所迷的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 C中:
持续有可靠的同步位置判决结杲与本帧的同步位置预测值接近是指:连 续 帧的同步位置判决结果都可靠, 并且其与本帧的同步位置预测值的差 值的绝对值小于或等于 所述7 ^为同步捕获最少连续可靠帧数; 所述 T 为同步捕获判决门限;
确定捕获的同步位置为最后一个帧的同步位置判决结果是指:捕获的同 步位置为连续 Lacq帧中最后一个帧的同步位置判决结果。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于:
应用于移动多媒体广播系统。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于:
所述步骤 A中还包括: 计算延迟相关累加值的同步度量;
所述步驟 B中:所述延迟相关累加值最大时对应的位置即所述同步度量 值为局部峰值时对应的位置。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述同步度量为所述延迟 相关累加值的功率 P。
6、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于:
所述步骤 B中还包括:输出当前帧判决结果的可靠性标志; 所述可靠性 标志用于指示本帧的同步位置判决结杲是否可靠;
所述步骤 C中,连续 ^帧的同步位置判决结果都可靠是指: 连续 帧 的可靠性标志都指示本帧的同步位置判决结果可靠。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 B中, 按下式得 到判决结果和可靠性标志:
当前帧同步位置判决结杲为:
t = argmax{^ }_ ^ …^ ^ 其中, Vk为同步位置估计, 即 U为 M个局部峰值中峰值数值最大者对 应的同步位置估计;
当前帧同步判决结杲的可靠性标志为:
Figure imgf000014_0001
其中, 。为同步可靠性判决门限。
8、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 B中, 按下式得 到判决结果和可靠性标志:
当前帧同步位置判决结杲为: 当前帧同步判决结果的可靠性标志为:
Figure imgf000014_0002
其中, 对局部峰值位置进行归一化; rtfe为同步可靠性判决门限, V 为 同步位置估计, maxO为取操作数的最大者。
9、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所迷步骤 B 中采用相关包络检测算法或最大相关值检测算法搜索各帧 中的局部峰值及其对应的同步位置估计。
10、 如权利要求 1 - 9任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤 A中, 计算延迟相关累加值是指:
先计算延迟相关累加初值:
其中, )是数字基带接收信号, N是延迟相关累加的长度, 是延迟 相关的延迟样点数, 而 λ-。则是同步捕获的起始时刻, (.)表示复共扼操作; 在相关累加初值的基 上, 从同步捕获的起始时刻开始, 迭代计算各个 采样点处的延迟相关累加值:
(9,. = + r{k0 +i + N— \)r (k0+i + ND+N- 1)
- r (人 -0 + ί - l)r* (k0 +i + ND-l)
其中, z' = 1,2,3,… 。
11、 如权利要求 1一 9任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤 A中, 按下式计算延迟相关累加值: 0 。
其中, 是数字基带接收信号, N是延迟相关累加的长度, 是延迟 相关的延迟样点数, 而 则是同步捕获的起始时刻, (.)表示复共扼操作; ί. = 1,2,3,' Ί
12、 根据权利要求 1-9任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 C 中, 利用 L个同步位置判决结杲得到下一帧的同步位置预测值是指:
采用鲁棒性最小二乘线性拟合算法利用所述 个同步判决结杲, 预测第 +1帧的同步判决结果。
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