WO2009051513A1 - Procédé de préparation d'aliments liquides et installation de fabrication correspondante - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation d'aliments liquides et installation de fabrication correspondante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009051513A1
WO2009051513A1 PCT/RU2007/000573 RU2007000573W WO2009051513A1 WO 2009051513 A1 WO2009051513 A1 WO 2009051513A1 RU 2007000573 W RU2007000573 W RU 2007000573W WO 2009051513 A1 WO2009051513 A1 WO 2009051513A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
feed
preparation
cavitation
grain
mixer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2007/000573
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Aleksandr Dmitrievich Petrakov
Viktor Vasilevich Gurkov
Oleg Pavlovich Yakovlev
Original Assignee
Aleksandr Dmitrievich Petrakov
Viktor Vasilevich Gurkov
Oleg Pavlovich Yakovlev
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aleksandr Dmitrievich Petrakov, Viktor Vasilevich Gurkov, Oleg Pavlovich Yakovlev filed Critical Aleksandr Dmitrievich Petrakov
Priority to PCT/RU2007/000573 priority Critical patent/WO2009051513A1/fr
Publication of WO2009051513A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009051513A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23N17/001—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs by treating with chemicals, e.g. ammoniac, sodium hydroxide

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of agriculture and is intended for the preparation of high-quality feeds that have undergone cavitation disinfection, increased digestibility for fattening pigs, young cattle, and also as feed additives for adult animals.
  • a known method of obtaining feed from feed grain (Russian patent Jfe 2230461 from 06/20/2004), by increasing the nutritional value of its germination.
  • the method of preparation of the feed involves soaking the grains in water, mixing with a substrate, which is used Opel sap and moss - sphagnum, the proportion of which is 0.7% of the dry matter of each component by weight of dry grain. Then the mixture is placed on trays for sprouting. At the same time, sapropel enriches the food with elements of mineral nutrition, and moss - sphagnum, due to its fungicidal and bactericidal action, slows down the process of decomposition of unlike grains.
  • the disadvantages of the known method of obtaining food are '. • f lack of grinding and dispersion of grain, which does not allow to fully absorb the nutrients contained in the grain; S lack of technology for the isolation of starch from grain and its conversion into sugars, which are easily (90-100%) digested in pigs in the stomach, and in cows in the rumen; • S insufficient bactericidal effect on feed components and lack of control of mycotoxins contained in grain.
  • a known method of obtaining feed from feed grain (Russian patent Na 2230460 dated 06/20/2004), according to which the grain is soaked in water for 6 hours, then the water is drained and the grain is mixed with sapropel in the amount of 15-25 kg per 1 ton of dry grain. Grain is germinated for 4-5 days and fed to animals with sapropel.
  • Passing sources of vegetable protein are: gluten, wheat protein, soy protein, rice protein, corn protein, etc.
  • the source of starch is grain, such as corn, rice, wheat, barley, oats or soy, and mixtures thereof.
  • the disadvantages of the known method are: • S high energy consumption for grinding and heating up to 115 0 C mixture in a colloid mill; S need for dehydration of the mixture;
  • a known method for the disposal of high-quality food waste (Russian patent N ° 2248720 from 03/27/2005), including the addition of pre-shredded grain waste with a moisture content of 10 to 20% to high-moisture alcohol stillage with a moisture content of 85 to 95%. Due to conductive mass transfer, the humidity of the mixture reaches the technological one. The resulting mixture is subjected to extrusion processing. Then the extrudate is dried by a stream of air in the room until a moisture content of 10 ⁇ 12% is reached.
  • the starting agricultural raw material containing trace elements, protein, vitamin and mineral components is diluted in a certain proportion with water.
  • the resulting mixture is fed into a special chamber in which, due to the geometric profile of the channels, the dynamics of their grinding, and also the height of the rotor rotation, hydrodynamic conditions are created for the formation of cavitation bubbles.
  • the mixture is pushed through channels with a variable cross-section, in which, due to a change in the flow rate, a change in the pressure of the mixture occurs, which leads to the formation of gas bubbles, steam.
  • S channels of stable occurrence of cavitation bubbles can only be channels of variable cross section - 14, stator - 11;
  • 2201120 dated 03/27/2003 including a vertical cylindrical body, in which a mixer with tiered horizontal blades is mounted coaxially on the shaft, a device for loading the initial bulk and liquid components and unloading the mixture:
  • the upper half of the mixer shaft is made in the form of a tube, in the wall of which there are holes for supplying liquid components into the body of the housing, and the upper tier of the blades is installed under the holes on the lower cone of the tube, and through holes are made on the outer halves of the blades, and the lower part of the body has a conical shape, the ends of the lower blades being chamfered.
  • the holes in the shaft tube and on the blades of the mixer are staggered, and the lower part of the body and the ends of the lower blades are beveled at an angle to the vertical of 18-31 °.
  • S mixer is designed for the preparation of feed from finished components; • / lack of ability to ensure grinding of grains or milling of feed components to a finely dispersed state; - / lack of the ability to disperse the feed and, for example, its cavitation heating, detoxification and conversion of starches into sugars.
  • Raw materials for the preparation of feed are poured into a loading device, from which it is sent through a conveyor to a raw material cleaner. Having cleared of mechanical impurities, the raw material enters the dispenser, which at the same time add various additives that improve the nutritional value of the feed.
  • Water is poured into the dispersant tank, a pump is started, and raw materials are fed into the tank by a conveyor.
  • the dispersant provides, under the influence of cavitation forces of high-frequency resonance, mechanical grinding, emulsification and thermal heating during the destruction of intercellular and intermolecular bonds, the formation of pasty feed for animals occurs.
  • the named device works as follows.
  • the hopper is filled with water to a certain level, to which the feed components are added, in the required proportion, then the shut-off valve is opened and the electric motor is started.
  • the feed mixture passes through the inlet pipe through the inlet pipe to the grinding chamber.
  • the mixture passes through the channels of the mixed section of the rotating rotor, ? subjected to hydrodynamic, cavitation and thermal effects, and then, passing the channels of the rotor and stator, is sent through the outlet pipe to the hopper.
  • a similar feed preparation cycle is repeated many times. Repeated circulation of the feed mixture through the chamber in a closed loop leads to a gradual decrease in the particle size of the mixture, structural changes, decrease in fiber content, the destruction of toxic fungi and its gradual heating.
  • the resulting feed has high quality, softness, good digestibility due to structural transformations of the feedstock and is suitable for feeding young animals.
  • Another objective of the invention is the development of a production line for cavitation preparation of a feed additive based on humates (sodium or potassium humate), a line for cavitation preparation of a feed component of feed from feed grain (cereal and leguminous crops) and grain processing waste (crushed grain, weed seeds etc.), the line of cavitation preparation of the feed component from plant materials, rough and waste feed (straw, hay, silage, haylage) and grain processing waste (husk, floor, meal, cake, etc.).
  • humates sodium or potassium humate
  • the technical result of the invention is a method for cavitation preparation of liquid feed.
  • the composition of the feed is complex, as it represents, depending on the purpose, feed, vegetable components and feed additives (micro, medium and macro additives).
  • Liquid feed prepared by the proposed method can be used for fattening meat breeds KPC, and for dairy herds, for fattening pigs and other animals with a single-chamber stomach and multi-chamber. IV. A brief description of the drawings.
  • Fig-1 shows a diagram of the preparation of liquid feed, including:
  • Humates getting together with food in the stomachs of animals, increase the permeability of cell membranes and thereby contribute to the filling of potassium in the intracellular fluid, which accelerates cell division. At the same time, physiological processes are intensified in cells due to an additional supply of energy.
  • Humates made from brown coals are especially effective in aqueous solutions, as water is an essential part of the diet, providing the flow of exchange. reactions, digestion, excretion of metabolic products with urine, especially the absorbent present in this product in the form of a small amount of activated carbon in combination with humic acids.
  • the content of the main components in the feed additive is determined by the initial composition of the used peat, brown coal, the content of which is naturally hydrated humic acids should be at least 20%, and the ash content should not exceed 30%. In the event of a lack of individual trace elements in the initial compositions, it is necessary to replenish them from other sources.
  • the bubbles disappear, collapse, at the points of disappearance of which, as you know, local zones with high temperatures and pressures arise. If the bubbles retained a spherical shape at the time, then all collisions occur in the center of the former bubble, and if the bubble shape was deformed by hydrodynamic influences, then the formation of high-energy cumulative streams occurs.
  • the shock waves generated by them have an energy exceeding not only the Van der Wals bonds, but also CC bonds in organic compounds, which ensures the disintegration and destruction of the peat and coal components, and the physicochemical processes of processing the feedstock are initiated and intensified.
  • fiber cellulose
  • starch a natural polymer. It was found that these substances have identical structural units in composition and hence the same molecular formula (C 5 HyuO b) n.
  • peat and brown coal are sent. into a mixer into which water and alkali are supplied.
  • the resulting mixture is sent to a cavitation dispersant, which, pumping it from the mixer after processing, returns it to the mixer again.
  • cavitation dispersant In the process of cavitation dispersion, a physical and chemical decomposition of peat and brown coal at the molecular level occurs simultaneously.
  • the peaty or carbonaceous paste-like suspension obtained due to cavitation processes is intensively heated and mixed. Cavitation treatment of peat and brown coal is carried out until the complete release of humic acids.
  • the resulting suspension is sent to a container for storing humic acids.
  • humic acids and humates for the preparation of a feed additive, hydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates of potassium, sodium or potassium are added to the resulting suspension until the complete conversion of humic acids to humates of potassium or sodium.
  • the suspension is passed through a cavitation dispersant until its temperature reaches 80-90 0 C.
  • the resulting product is dark brown or black color has a high sorption, ion exchange, complexing, chelating, flocculating, coagulating and biological activity.
  • humates are fed into a prefabricated mixer for mixing with other components of liquid feed.
  • Feed grain (cereal and leguminous grains or grain processing waste), delivered by car, is fed by weight batchers, and then by a conveyor belt to the mixer.
  • the mixer is filled with water, the necessary mineral additives and trace elements.
  • the cereals are suspended in the mixer, then the grain - water mixture is fed into the cavitation dispersant, and from there back to the mixer.
  • cavitation dispersion the destruction of cellular structures is carried out, starch or gluten is released into the solution.
  • Combined feed is prepared from feed grain and grain processing waste by cavitation dispersion of feed grain in an aqueous solution, which is a grain of cereals and legumes, and grain processing waste until a mixture reaches a temperature of 60-80 0 C, at which starch is converted to easily digestible substances and gelatinization of the resulting suspension.
  • aqueous solution which is a grain of cereals and legumes
  • starch is converted to easily digestible substances and gelatinization of the resulting suspension.
  • Substances obtained by hydrolysis of starch are most often (glucose, fructose, sorbose, maltose, galactose, etc.).
  • the mixture enters the collection mixer.
  • Water is supplied to the mixer, which is mixed with a mixer with vegetable raw materials, coarse and succulent feeds, wetting and soaking them, and after reaching the mobility with the mixture, it is sent to the cavitation dispersant and back to mixer.
  • the cavitation dispersant and back to mixer As a result of cavitation effects on the resulting mixture, it is crushed, pulped, the formation of starches from fiber (cellulose) and its partial hydrolysis, with the release of sugars.
  • weed seeds are destroyed, putrefactive and pathogenic microorganisms are destroyed.
  • the prepared feed mixture is fed to the collection mixer.
  • Peat or lignite brought in by fuel-1, after grinding to a size of 0-10 mm, with a weight of 2, is fed to a belt conveyor-3, and then to mixer-4.
  • water and alkali are supplied in the appropriate proportion.
  • the mixture coming from mixer-4 to disperser-5 is subjected to intense dispersion, heating, etc., after all the physicochemical processes are completed and the resulting suspension is heated to 80-90 0 C, commodity humic acids are added to tank 19.
  • To produce humates hydroxide and carbonates of potassium or sodium are added to the mixer-4 and the dispersant-5 is continued to process the suspension until the humates are completely released, which ends when the suspension is set at a temperature of 80-90 0 C.
  • the output of humates is expressed in “filling” of the mixture.
  • the resulting suspension of humates is either pumped into a commercial tank or dosed into a pre-assembled mixer-20.
  • feed grain and grain processing waste delivered by car-6, weighing units-7, and then conveyor-8 is sent to mixer-9.
  • Mixer-9 turbine water, grain and grain processing waste are suspended, then sent to disperser-10 and returned through the pipeline.
  • disperser-10 In the process of cavitation dispersion and physical and chemical processes, the mixture is heated intensively and when the temperature reaches 60-80 p C, it becomes “gelatinized.”
  • the mixture becomes jelly-like and hydrolysis of starch begins, resulting in the release of sugars.
  • the resulting jelly-like suspension is dispensed into the pre-mixed mixer-20.
  • plant materials, roughage and succulent feed delivered by car-11, dispensers-12, and then conveyor-13 are sent to the coarse-feed chopper-16.
  • coarse-feed chopper-16 On the way from the feed with a magnetic separator - 1 . 7 iron parts are removed.
  • Chopped feed is sent to the mixer-14, in which they are wetted and soaked with water sent to the mixer. After the mixture acquires mobility, it is sent to the disperser-15, and then returned to the mixer.
  • the mixture is dispensed into a pre-assembled mixer-20.
  • the resulting liquid feed can be prepared in any combination of components, are environmentally friendly, have increased digestibility, pleasant odors and attractive taste.
  • Example 1 The resulting liquid feed can be prepared in any combination of components, are environmentally friendly, have increased digestibility, pleasant odors and attractive taste.
  • Example 1 The resulting liquid feed can be prepared in any combination of components, are environmentally friendly, have increased digestibility, pleasant odors and attractive taste.
  • Salmonella bacteria were found in one of the lots of wheat bran received by a pig farm from Novoaltaysk. Recommendations of veterinarians: Method of disposal - boiling.
  • Cavitation treatment of infected bran in water at a ratio of 1: 3 for 12 minutes brought the following result, obtained from bacteriological laboratory: “During bacteriological examination, Salmonella was not isolated from the delivered porridge sample (50 l).”
  • the inventive technology can be applied both to livestock complexes with a large number of animals, and to small farms with a small number of animals.
  • prepared and disinfected feed can be fed through dead-end feed lines without washing the latter, since the feed does not spoil for three days, which distinguishes the claimed technology from the Hydromix-Synchron technology in Germany, where feed lines are washed after each feed (up to 10 times a day).
  • the claimed method of preparing liquid feed can be carried out in any animal husbandry.
  • the manufacture of equipment for the implementation of this method can be carried out by any engineering company.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne le domaine de l'agriculture. Le procédé de fabrication d'aliments liquides comprend la préparation d'acides et de sels humiques à partir de tourbe et de lignite, d'aliments combinés fabriqués à partir de blés fourrager et de résidus de transformation de blé, d'aliments liquides fabriqués à partir de matières premières végétales par la transformation de ces dernières par la dispersion et le mélangeage de tous les composants. La préparation d'acides et de sels humiques se fait par la dispersion par cavitation dans une solution aqueuse d'alkalis, suivie de l'obtention de sels humiques par l'ajoute d'hydroxydes et de carbonates de sodium et de potassium et de la dispersion par cavitation jusqu'à une température de 80-90°, la température du mélange de résidus de transformation de blé jusqu'à 60-80°. L'installation de fabrication d'aliments liquides comprend une ligne de fabrication d'acides et de sels humiques comprenant un doseur, un transporteur, un mélangeur, un disperseur par cavitation, une trémie pour produits finis, une ligne de fabrication d'aliment combiné à partir de blé fourrager et de résidus de transformation de blé (doseur, transporteur, mélangeur, disperseur à cavitation) et une ligne de fabrication d'aliments liquides à partir d'une matière végétale (doseur, transporteur, broyeur, séparateur de fer magnétique, mélangeur, disperseur par cavitation et trémie pour produit fini), un mélangeur de collecte, un transporteur à vis et une trémie de stockage d'aliment fini.
PCT/RU2007/000573 2007-10-17 2007-10-17 Procédé de préparation d'aliments liquides et installation de fabrication correspondante WO2009051513A1 (fr)

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PCT/RU2007/000573 WO2009051513A1 (fr) 2007-10-17 2007-10-17 Procédé de préparation d'aliments liquides et installation de fabrication correspondante

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PCT/RU2007/000573 WO2009051513A1 (fr) 2007-10-17 2007-10-17 Procédé de préparation d'aliments liquides et installation de fabrication correspondante

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102178065A (zh) * 2011-05-31 2011-09-14 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 一种抗应激腐殖酸添加饲料
CN105639696A (zh) * 2016-02-22 2016-06-08 储福娣 预混合饲料加工工艺
CN105639695A (zh) * 2016-02-22 2016-06-08 储福娣 预混合饲料加工工艺
WO2016142465A3 (fr) * 2015-03-10 2016-11-03 Uwe Werner Procédé pour préparer des substances concentrées, liquides ou pâteuses à partir de matières premières de diverses origines, à plusieurs constituants, contenant une substance humique

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108007A1 (fr) * 1982-10-28 1984-05-09 Comia-Fao S.A. Appareillage destiné à la fabrication d'aliments pour bétail
RU2042422C1 (ru) * 1991-10-30 1995-08-27 Шульгин Александр Иванович Способ получения гуминовых кислот и устройство для его осуществления
US20030003203A1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2003-01-02 David Williams Animal feed additive containing humates and a method of using this additive
RU2223013C2 (ru) * 2001-12-25 2004-02-10 Тихенко Виктор Николаевич Технологическая линия для приготовления кормов "тихенко-аргус"
RU2261621C2 (ru) * 2003-11-03 2005-10-10 Бондаренко Борис Андреевич Способ приготовления кормов и установка для его осуществления
RU2265368C2 (ru) * 2004-01-14 2005-12-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Кутуковский сушильный комбинат" Кормовая добавка для животных и птиц и способ ее получения

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108007A1 (fr) * 1982-10-28 1984-05-09 Comia-Fao S.A. Appareillage destiné à la fabrication d'aliments pour bétail
RU2042422C1 (ru) * 1991-10-30 1995-08-27 Шульгин Александр Иванович Способ получения гуминовых кислот и устройство для его осуществления
US20030003203A1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2003-01-02 David Williams Animal feed additive containing humates and a method of using this additive
RU2223013C2 (ru) * 2001-12-25 2004-02-10 Тихенко Виктор Николаевич Технологическая линия для приготовления кормов "тихенко-аргус"
RU2261621C2 (ru) * 2003-11-03 2005-10-10 Бондаренко Борис Андреевич Способ приготовления кормов и установка для его осуществления
RU2265368C2 (ru) * 2004-01-14 2005-12-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Кутуковский сушильный комбинат" Кормовая добавка для животных и птиц и способ ее получения

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102178065A (zh) * 2011-05-31 2011-09-14 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 一种抗应激腐殖酸添加饲料
CN102178065B (zh) * 2011-05-31 2012-08-01 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 一种抗应激腐殖酸添加饲料
WO2016142465A3 (fr) * 2015-03-10 2016-11-03 Uwe Werner Procédé pour préparer des substances concentrées, liquides ou pâteuses à partir de matières premières de diverses origines, à plusieurs constituants, contenant une substance humique
CN105639696A (zh) * 2016-02-22 2016-06-08 储福娣 预混合饲料加工工艺
CN105639695A (zh) * 2016-02-22 2016-06-08 储福娣 预混合饲料加工工艺
CN105639695B (zh) * 2016-02-22 2018-08-17 科金（珠海）生物科技有限公司 预混合饲料加工工艺
CN105639696B (zh) * 2016-02-22 2018-08-28 山东康裕生物科技有限公司 预混合饲料加工工艺

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