WO2009028429A1 - 楕円偏光板、その製造方法およびそれを用いた液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
楕円偏光板、その製造方法およびそれを用いた液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009028429A1 WO2009028429A1 PCT/JP2008/065060 JP2008065060W WO2009028429A1 WO 2009028429 A1 WO2009028429 A1 WO 2009028429A1 JP 2008065060 W JP2008065060 W JP 2008065060W WO 2009028429 A1 WO2009028429 A1 WO 2009028429A1
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- liquid crystal
- film
- layer
- adhesive layer
- polarizing plate
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
- G02B5/305—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133634—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation the refractive index Nz perpendicular to the element surface being different from in-plane refractive indices Nx and Ny, e.g. biaxial or with normal optical axis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133633—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation using mesogenic materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/01—Number of plates being 1
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an elliptically polarizing plate composed of a liquid crystal layer with a fixed homeotopic orientation structure and a method for producing the same, and further to a liquid crystal display device using the elliptically polarizing plate.
- Retardation films play an important industrial role, such as being used to improve the image quality of liquid crystal display devices.
- Retardation films can be broadly classified into those obtained by stretching a plastic film and those obtained by aligning liquid crystals. The latter is more remarkable because it has the potential to realize various refractive index structures.
- a film having a larger refractive index in the film thickness direction is considered to be effective for improving the viewing angle of a liquid crystal display device.
- a film has a shortcut to use the homeotropic alignment (vertical alignment) of the liquid crystal.
- the homeotropic alignment of liquid crystal molecules is that the long-axis molecular direction of the liquid crystal is aligned in a direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate. It is well known that home-to-mouth pick alignment can be obtained by applying an electric field by placing liquid crystal in two glass substrates, as in a liquid crystal display device. It is very difficult and there are problems with the methods reported so far.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 For example, after a main chain type polymer liquid crystal is home-to-mouth pick-oriented, a film is obtained by glass fixation (Patent Documents 1 to 3). However, in home-to-mouth orientation, it is assumed that there is a problem that cracks are likely to occur in the in-plane direction because the polymers are aligned in the film thickness direction, but in these reports, measures such as strengthening the material by crosslinking are taken. Not. In Patent Document 4, the home-orientation pick orientation of the side chain type liquid crystal is fixed by vitrification, but it is considered that there is a problem in strength as compared with the main chain type polymer liquid crystal.
- Patent Documents 5 to 6 there are reports of adding polymerizable low-molecular liquid crystals to side-chain liquid crystal polymers.
- Patent Documents 5 to 6 since low-molecular liquid crystals polymerize alone, the strength of side-chain liquid crystal polymers is low. Reinforcement Has its limits.
- Patent Document 7 a material in which a radically polymerizable group, a cationically polymerizable group such as a vinyl ether group or an epoxy group is introduced into a side chain type liquid crystal polymer is used.
- radical polymerization is generally subject to oxygen inhibition, the polymerization may be insufficient, and equipment will be large if it is attempted to remove oxygen by equipment.
- the bull ether group and epoxy group are advantageous in this respect because they are not affected by oxygen inhibition, but there is a problem that the ether bond of the bull ether group is unstable and easily cleaved, and the epoxy group is introduced into the liquid crystal material. Is difficult, and it is difficult to obtain a high degree of polymerization when a crosslinking treatment is applied. Furthermore, in order to obtain homeo-mouth pick alignment, a large amount of non-liquid crystalline structural units are introduced into the liquid crystal material, and there is a question about the stable liquid crystallinity. As described above, problems remain in the production of conventional home-orientated pick-oriented films.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 2 8 5 3 0 6 4
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent No. 3 0 1 8 1 2 0
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent No. 3 0 7 8 9 4 8
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 2 1 7 4 7 2 5
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-32-3 3 3 5 2 4
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 2 3 3 3 6 4 2
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 3 2 9 2 7
- the object of the present invention is to have a liquid crystal layer with a fixed homeotopic orientation structure, and by simplifying the layer structure, the thickness can be suppressed, and when incorporated in a liquid crystal display device, not only the viewing angle but also the contrast is achieved.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an improved elliptically polarizing plate, a method for producing the same, and a liquid crystal display device using the same.
- the present inventors have found that the object can be achieved by the following elliptically polarizing plate, a manufacturing method thereof, and a liquid crystal display device using the same. It came to be completed.
- the first aspect of the present invention is that a liquid crystal composition exhibiting positive uniaxiality is homeo-mouth pick-aligned in a liquid crystal state, and then the homeo-mouth pick-alignment liquid crystal layer in which the orientation is fixed, a retardation function Translucent protection only on one side of retardation film and polarizing element
- An elliptically polarizing plate comprising at least a linear polarizing plate having a laminated structure protected by a film, wherein the elliptically polarizing plate has one of the following laminated structures (A) or (B): It is.
- the oxetanyl is then used.
- the elliptically polarizing plate according to the first aspect of the present invention which is a home-mouth pick-alignment liquid crystal layer in which a home-mouth pick-alignment is fixed by reacting a group.
- a third aspect of the present invention is the elliptically polarizing plate according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, characterized in that the homeotropic pick alignment liquid crystal layer satisfies the following [1] and [2].
- D 1 is the thickness of the homeotopic orientation liquid crystal layer
- Nx l and Nyl are the main refractive index in the plane of the homeotopic orientation liquid crystal layer
- N z 1 is the main refractive index in the thickness direction, N z 1> Nx 1 ⁇ Ny 1.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is the elliptically polarizing plate according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, wherein the retardation film satisfies the following [3] and [4].
- R e 2 means an in-plane retardation value of the retardation film
- R th 2 means a retardation value in the thickness direction of the retardation film.
- R t h 2 (N x 2 ⁇ N z 2) X d 2 [nm].
- D 2 is the thickness of the retardation film
- Nx 2 and Ny 2 are the main refractive index in the retardation film plane
- N z 2 is the main refractive index in the thickness direction
- a fifth aspect of the present invention is the elliptically polarizing plate according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, which is formed by laminating at least one optical film.
- a sixth aspect of the present invention is the elliptically polarizing plate according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, wherein the translucent protective film is triacetyl cellulose or a cycloolefin-based polymer. It is.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention is the elliptically polarizing plate according to any one of the sixth to sixth aspects of the present invention, wherein the total film thickness is within 175 ⁇ m.
- a translucent protective film is bonded to a polarizing element via an adhesive layer 1, and a laminate (I) comprising the translucent protective film / adhesive layer 1Z polarizing element is formed.
- a method for producing an elliptically polarizing plate characterized by passing through each of the steps.
- the ninth aspect of the present invention is: (1) A light-transmitting protective film is bonded to a polarizing element via an adhesive layer 1, and a laminate (I) comprising the light-transmitting protective film Z adhesive layer 1Z polarizing element is formed.
- a layer of liquid crystalline composition exhibiting positive uniaxiality is formed on the retardation film, and the layer is homeotropically aligned, and then a homeotropically aligned liquid crystal layer in which the alignment is fixed is formed.
- the tenth aspect of the present invention is: (1) a laminate comprising a translucent protective film, an adhesive layer 1 and a polarizing element, wherein the translucent protective film is bonded to the polarizing element via the adhesive layer 1 (I) The first step,
- a layer of a liquid crystalline composition exhibiting positive uniaxiality is formed on an alignment substrate, and the layer is homeotropically aligned, and then a homeotropically aligned liquid crystal layer with a fixed orientation is formed.
- the first aspect of the present invention is: (1) a laminate comprising a translucent protective film, an adhesive layer 1 and a Z polarizing element, wherein the translucent protective film is bonded to the polarizing element via the adhesive layer 1; The first step,
- a layer of a liquid crystalline composition exhibiting positive uniaxiality is formed on an alignment substrate, and the layer is homeotropically aligned, and then a homeotropically aligned liquid crystal layer with a fixed orientation is formed.
- a method for producing an elliptically polarizing plate wherein at least each of the steps is performed.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device in which the elliptically polarizing plate according to any one of the first to seventh aspects of the present invention is disposed on at least one surface of a liquid crystal cell.
- a first aspect of the present invention is the liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the liquid crystal cell is a VA liquid crystal cell or an IPS liquid crystal cell.
- the elliptically polarizing plate of the present invention using a homeotopically picked liquid crystal layer can not only widen the viewing angle, particularly when placed in a vertically aligned liquid crystal display device,
- the display is bright and high-contrast display is possible in all directions.
- the elliptically polarizing plate of the present invention will be described.
- the elliptically polarizing plate of the present invention has a homeomorphic alignment liquid crystal layer in which a liquid crystal composition exhibiting at least positive uniaxial property is homeoportally picked in a liquid crystal state and then the orientation is fixed.
- At least one of the retardation film and the polarizing element is composed of a linear polarizing plate having a laminated structure protected by a translucent protective film.
- a liquid crystalline composition layer formed on a retardation film, an alignment substrate, or an alignment film on an alignment substrate is used as a homeoto alignment port.
- the liquid crystal material used in the liquid crystal composition may be a positive uniaxial liquid crystal material capable of homeo-mouth pick alignment.
- Child liquid crystal compound it may also be a material comprising a liquid crystalline polymer compound or a mixture thereof les, 0
- the low-molecular liquid crystal compound a compound having a reactive group that reacts with light or heat is preferable because the alignment can be easily fixed.
- a vinyl group, a (meth) acryloyl group, a buroxy group, an oxylanyl group, an oxetanyl group, an aziridinyl group, and the like are preferable, but other reactive groups such as an isocyanate group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, Acid anhydride groups, carboxyl groups, and the like can be used depending on the reaction conditions.
- the liquid crystalline polymer compound includes a main chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound and a side chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound, both of which can be used.
- main chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound examples include polyester, polyester imide, polyamide, and polycarbonate.
- liquid crystalline polyesters are preferable from the viewpoints of ease of synthesis, orientation, glass transition point, and the like.
- side chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound examples include poly (meth) acrylate, polymalonate, polysiloxane and the like. These liquid crystalline polymer compounds are preferably those in which the reactive groups are bonded. Of these, poly (meth) acrylates bonded with a reactive group represented by the following general formula (1) are preferred.
- each R 3 independently represents hydrogen or a methyl group
- each R 4 independently represents hydrogen, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a butyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group, or a nonyl group.
- Decyl group dodecyl group, methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group, pentyloxy group, hexyloxy group, heptyloxy group, octyloxy group, decyloxy group, dodecyloxy group, cyano group, bromo group, black mouth group, Fluoro group or carboxyl group
- R 5 independently represents hydrogen, methyl group or ethyl group
- R 6 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms
- L 2 each independently Represents a single bond, —O—, —O—CO—, —CO — O—, one CH ⁇ CH— or one C ⁇ C—
- p represents an integer from 1 to 10 and q represents , 0 to 1 Represents an integer up to 0, and a, b, c, d, e and f are the molar ratio of each unit in the polymer (a + b + c + d +
- the molar ratio of each component may be arbitrary as long as this requirement is satisfied, but is preferably as follows.
- a preferably 0 to 0.80, more preferably 0.05 to 0.50
- b preferably 0 to 0.90, more preferably 0.1 0 to 0.70
- c preferably 0 to 0.50, more preferably 0.10 to 0.30
- d preferably 0 to 0.50, more preferably 0.1 0 to 0.30
- e preferably 0 to 0.50, more preferably 0.1 0 to 0.30
- f preferably 0 to 0.30, more preferably 0.0 1 to 0.10
- Each component in these poly (meth) acrylates does not need to be present in all six types as long as the above conditions are met. Outside these ranges, the liquid crystallinity becomes insufficient and the reactivity of the oxetanyl group becomes unfavorable.
- R 4 is preferably hydrogen, a methyl group, a butyl group, a methoxy group, a cyano group, a bromo group, or a fluoro group, particularly preferably hydrogen, a methoxy group, or a cyano group
- L 2 is preferably a single bond, 1 O—, 1 O—CO— or 1 CO—O—
- R 6 is preferably carbonized with 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 or 18 carbon atoms. Represents a hydrogen group.
- the birefringence of the side chain type liquid crystalline polymer represented by the general formula (1) varies depending on the molar ratio of each component a to f and the orientation form. The rate is preferably from 0.001 to 0.300, more preferably from 0.05 to 0.25.
- Each (meth) acrylic compound corresponding to each component of the above-mentioned side chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound can be obtained by an ordinary organic chemistry synthesis method.
- a (meth) acrylic compound having an oxetanyl group combines a site having an oxetanyl group and a site having a (meth) acrylic group by means of, for example, Williamson's ether synthesis or ester synthesis using a condensing agent. By doing so, a (meth) acrylic compound having an oxetanyl group having two reactive functional groups, an oxetanyl group and a (meth) ataryl group, can be synthesized.
- Said side chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound is easily obtained by copolymerizing the (meth) acrylic group of each (meth) acrylic compound obtained by the above method corresponding to each component by radical polymerization or anion polymerization. Can be synthesized.
- the polymerization conditions are not particularly limited, and normal conditions can be employed.
- radical polymerization a (meth) acrylic compound corresponding to each component is dissolved in a solvent such as dimethylformamide (DMF) or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AI BN) is used.
- a solvent such as dimethylformamide (DMF) or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether
- AI BN 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile
- B 3 PO benzoyl peroxide
- copper bromide (I) Z2, 2 'monobiviridyl series and 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidinoxy' free radical (TEMPO) series are launched to make the liquid crystal phase appear stably.
- Another effective method is to control the molecular weight distribution by conducting Lib radical polymerization as an agent. These radical polymerizations must be carried out under deoxygenated conditions.
- (meth) acrylic compounds corresponding to each component are dissolved in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), and a strong base such as an organic lithium compound, organic sodium compound, or Grignard reagent is used as an initiator.
- a strong base such as an organic lithium compound, organic sodium compound, or Grignard reagent.
- the method of making it react is mentioned.
- it is possible to control the molecular weight distribution by optimizing the initiator and reaction temperature for riving anion polymerization.
- These anion polymerizations must be performed under dehydration and deoxygenation conditions.
- the side chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 200,000, particularly preferably 3,000 to 50,000. Outside this range, the strength is insufficient or the orientation is deteriorated.
- a liquid crystal material or a liquid crystal composition comprising the low-molecular liquid crystal compound, the liquid crystal polymer compound, or a mixture thereof may contain a dioxetane compound represented by the following general formula (2). preferable.
- each R 7 independently represents hydrogen, a methyl group or an ethyl group
- each L 3 independently represents a single bond or one (CH 2 ) n- (n is 1 to 1 2
- X 1 represents each independently a single bond, _ ⁇ 1, one O—CO— or one CO_0_
- M 1 is represented by Formula (3) or Formula (4)
- P 1 in formulas (3) and (4) each independently represents a group selected from formula (5)
- P 2 represents a group selected from formula (6)
- L 4 each independently represents a single bond, —CH ⁇ CH—, one C ⁇ C one, one OO—CO— or one CO—O—.
- Et represents an ethyl group
- iPr represents an isopropyl group
- nBu represents a normal butyl group
- tBu represents a tertiary butyl group.
- the linking groups connecting the left and right oxetanyl groups as seen from the M 1 group may be different (asymmetric) or the same (symmetric), especially when the two L 3 are different or other Depending on the structure of the linking group, it may not exhibit liquid crystallinity, but it is not a restriction on its use.
- Compound represented by the general formula (2) can be exemplified many compounds from a combination of M 1 L 3 and X 1, preferably, can be force s include the following compounds.
- the oxetanyl group since the oxetanyl group has cationic polymerizability, it is necessary to select reaction conditions in consideration of the occurrence of side reactions such as polymerization and ring opening under strong acidic conditions.
- the oxetal group is less likely to cause side reactions than the similar cationic polymerizable functional group oxylanyl group.
- various compounds such as similar alcohols, phenols, and carboxylic acids may be reacted successively, and the use of protecting groups may be considered as appropriate.
- hydroxybenzoic acid is used as a starting compound, an oxetanyl group is bonded by Williamson's ether synthesis method, etc., and a diol suitable for the present invention and a diol suitable for the present invention are used.
- hydroxyl group of hydroxybenzoic acid is protected in advance with an appropriate protecting group, and after condensation with a diol suitable for the present invention,
- Examples include a method in which a protecting group is removed and a compound having an appropriate oxetanyl group (oxetane compound), for example, a haloalkyloxetane or the like is reacted with a hydroxyl group.
- a reaction condition suitable for the form and reactivity of the compound to be used may be selected.
- the reaction temperature is 120 ° C. to 180 ° C., preferably A temperature of 10 ° C. to 1550 ° C. is selected, and the reaction time is 10 minutes to 48 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours. Outside these ranges, the reaction does not proceed sufficiently or side reactions occur, which is not preferable.
- the mixing ratio of the two is preferably 0.8 to 1.2 equivalents of oxetane compound per equivalent of hydroxyl group.
- the liquid crystal material used in the present invention may contain various compounds that can be mixed without impairing the liquid crystal properties in addition to the low-molecular liquid crystal compound and the liquid crystalline polymer compound.
- compounds that can be contained include compounds having a cationic polymerizable functional group such as an oxetanyl group, an epoxy group, and a vinyloxy group, various polymer materials having film-forming ability, and various low-molecular liquid crystals exhibiting liquid crystallinity.
- liquid crystalline compounds When the side chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound is used as a composition, the proportion of the side chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound in the entire composition is 10% by mass or more, preferably 30% by mass. Above, more preferably 50% by mass or more.
- the content of the side chain type liquid crystalline polymer compound is less than 10% by mass, the film forming ability is insufficient. Or the concentration of the polymerizable group in the composition is lowered, and the mechanical strength after polymerization becomes insufficient, which is not preferable.
- the liquid crystal material after the liquid crystal material has been subjected to an alignment treatment, for example, when it has an oxetanyl group as a reactive group, the liquid crystal state can be fixed by cationic polymerization and crosslinking. For this reason, it is preferable that the liquid crystal material contains a light-power thione generator and Z or a thermal cation generator that generate caton by an external stimulus such as light and heat. If necessary, various sensitizers may be used in combination.
- the photopower thione generator means a compound capable of generating a cation by irradiating with light of an appropriate wavelength, and examples thereof include organic sulfone salt systems, podonium salt systems, and phosphonium salt systems. Antimonates, phosphates, borates and the like are preferably used as counter ions of these compounds.
- Specific compounds include Ar 3 S + S b F 6 —, A r 3 P + BF 4 —, A r 2 I + PF 6 "(where A r represents a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group)
- sulfonic acid esters, triazines, diazomethanes, J3-ketosulfone, iminosulfonate, benzoinsulfonate and the like can also be used.
- Thermal cation generators are compounds that can generate cations when heated to a suitable temperature, such as benzylsulfonium salts, benzylammonium salts, benzylpyridinium salts, benzylphosphonium.
- the amount of these cation generators added to the liquid crystal material varies depending on the structure of the mesogenic portion or spacer portion constituting the liquid crystalline polymer compound used, the oxetanyl group equivalent, the alignment conditions of the liquid crystal, etc. However, it is usually 100 mass ppm to 20 mass%, preferably 10 mass ppm to 10 mass%, more preferably 0.2 mass% to 7 mass% with respect to the liquid crystal polymer compound. mass. / 0, which is the range of. If the amount is less than 100 mass m, the amount of cations generated is not sufficient and polymerization may not proceed, and 20 mass. When it is more than 0, the force remaining in the alignment liquid crystal layer is undesirably increased due to the decomposition residue of the thione generator, which may deteriorate the light resistance. Next, the alignment substrate will be described.
- a retardation film When a retardation film is used as an alignment substrate, some retardation films have homeo-mouth pick alignment ability with respect to the liquid crystal material, but if not, alignment treatment (formation of alignment film) described later is necessary if necessary. It is preferable to perform a rubbing process.
- a substrate having a smooth plane is preferable, and examples thereof include films and sheets made of organic polymer materials, glass plates, metal plates and the like. From the viewpoint of continuous productivity, it is preferable to use a material made of an organic polymer.
- organic polymer materials include polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyether ketone, polyether ether ketone, polyarylate, polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate.
- Examples thereof include a film made of a transparent polymer such as a nore polymer, a senorelose polymer such as diacetylenose / relose and triacetylenose / relose, a polycarbonate polymer, and an acryl polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate.
- a transparent polymer such as a nore polymer
- a senorelose polymer such as diacetylenose / relose and triacetylenose / relose
- a polycarbonate polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate.
- polystyrene, talitor nitriles, styrene polymers such as styrene copolymers, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene polymers such as propylene copolymers, polycyclohexylene, vinyl chloride polymers, nylon and aromatic polyamides, etc.
- films made of transparent polymers such as amide polymers. These may be
- the materials constituting these substrates are long chain (usually 4 or more carbon atoms, preferably 8 or more) alkyl groups fluorinated. It is more preferable to have a hydrocarbon group or to have a compound layer having these groups on the substrate surface.
- These organic polymer materials may be used alone as a substrate, or may be formed as a thin film on another substrate. The process of forming a compound layer (alignment film) having a long chain (usually 4 or more carbon atoms, preferably 8 or more) alkyl group or fluorinated hydrocarbon group will be described.
- the material for forming the alignment film is preferably applied in a solution state from the viewpoint of controlling the alignment film thickness and surface properties.
- the solution can be appropriately performed using a solvent capable of dissolving the material. wear.
- the solvent for preparing a solution of an alkyl group-modified polybulal alcohol (PVA) is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that can dissolve the PVA, and usually, water, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc. A lower alcohol or a mixture of these is used.
- the coating method used to form the alignment film on the substrate is a flexographic printing method using a soft resin plate, a dispenser method, and a gravure coating. System, micro gravure system, screen printing system, rip coat system, and die coat system. Of these, the Daravia coating method, lip coating method and die coating method are preferred.
- the applied alignment film is dried if necessary.
- the drying temperature is usually limited in the case of PVA because of its heat resistance, but may be higher depending on the purpose. Generally, it is 50 ° C to 180 ° C, preferably 80 ° C to 160 ° C.
- the drying time is not particularly limited, but usually 10 seconds to 60 minutes, preferably 1 minute to 30 minutes.
- the relative movement speed between the film to be dried and the drying wind is preferably 6 O m / min to 1 2200 m / min, relative to the wind speed.
- the home-orientation pick-alignment liquid crystal layer used in the present invention has in-plane anisotropy. Since the orientation structure does not basically generate, rubbing treatment is not necessarily required. However, it is more preferable to apply a weak rubbing treatment from the viewpoint of suppressing repelling when a liquid crystal material is applied.
- An important setting value that defines the rubbing conditions is the peripheral speed ratio. This represents the ratio of the movement speed of the cloth and the movement speed of the substrate when the rubbing cloth is wound around a roll and rubbed while rotating the substrate.
- the weak rubbing treatment usually has a peripheral speed ratio of 50 or less, more preferably 25 or less, and particularly preferably 10 or less. If the peripheral speed ratio is larger than 50, the rubbing effect is too strong, and the liquid crystal material cannot be perfectly aligned vertically, and the alignment may be tilted in the in-plane direction from the vertical direction.
- a method for producing a homeotopic pick alignment liquid crystal layer used in the present invention will be described. Light up.
- the production method of the liquid crystal layer is not limited to these, but the above-mentioned liquid crystal material is spread on a retardation film or an alignment substrate, the liquid crystal material is aligned, and then light irradiation and / or heat treatment is performed. Thus, it can be manufactured by fixing the orientation state.
- a method of forming a liquid crystal material layer by spreading the liquid crystal material on a retardation film or an alignment substrate a method in which the liquid crystal material is applied directly on the alignment substrate in a molten state, or a solution of the liquid crystal material is applied on the alignment substrate. Then, the method of drying a coating film and distilling a solvent off is mentioned.
- the solvent used for preparing the solution is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the liquid crystal material of the present invention and can be distilled off under suitable conditions. Generally, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, isophorone, and cyclohexanone are used.
- Ether alcohols such as butoxychetyl alcohol, hexyloxychetilanolol, and methoxy-2-norenole, glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether , Ethenols such as ethyl acetate, lactate, and butyl lactolone, phenols such as phenol / le, black mouth phenol, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrole Amides such as dong, black mouth form, tetrachloro Tan, halogen-like or a mixture of these systems, such as dichlorobenzene are preferably used.
- a surfactant, an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, a coloring agent, and the like may be added to the solution.
- two groups having the same reactivity as the polymerizable group bonded to the liquid crystal polymer compound are contained in one molecule.
- Various low molecular compounds whether liquid crystalline or non-liquid crystalline) or various compounds that can improve adhesion can be added.
- the application method is not particularly limited as long as the uniformity of the coating film is ensured, and a known method is adopted. be able to. Examples include spin coating, die coating, curtain coating, dip coating, and roll coating.
- the drying step can be any known method without particular limitation as long as the uniformity of the coating film is maintained.
- Examples include heaters (furnace) and hot air blowing.
- the film thickness of the liquid crystal layer depends on the type of liquid crystal cell and various optical parameters, it cannot be generally stated, but is usually 0.2 ⁇ ! ⁇ 10 ⁇ m, preferably 0.3 m to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 2 / Zm. If the film thickness is thinner than 0.2 / zm, it may not be possible to obtain a sufficient viewing angle improvement or brightness enhancement effect. If it exceeds 10 ⁇ , the liquid crystal display device may be unnecessarily colored.
- the liquid crystalline composition layer formed on the alignment substrate is formed into a liquid crystal alignment by a method such as heat treatment, and is cured and fixed by light irradiation and / or heat treatment.
- the liquid crystal is aligned by the self-alignment ability inherent in the liquid crystal composition by heating to the liquid crystal phase expression temperature range of the liquid crystal composition used.
- the conditions for the heat treatment cannot be generally stated because the optimum conditions and limit values differ depending on the liquid crystal phase behavior temperature (transition temperature) of the liquid crystal composition to be used. Is in the range of 30 ° C.
- the liquid crystal alignment may not proceed sufficiently, and at high temperatures, the cationic polymerizable reactive groups in the liquid crystalline composition and the alignment substrate may be adversely affected.
- the heat treatment time is usually in the range of 3 seconds to 30 minutes, preferably 10 seconds to 20 minutes. If the heat treatment time is shorter than 3 seconds, the liquid crystal alignment may not be completed sufficiently, and if the heat treatment time exceeds 30 minutes, the productivity will deteriorate, so it is preferable in either case.
- the liquid crystal composition After forming the liquid crystal alignment of the liquid crystal composition layer by a method such as heat treatment, the liquid crystal composition is hardened by reacting the oxetanyl group in the composition while maintaining the liquid crystal alignment state.
- the purpose of the curing process is to fix the completed liquid crystal alignment by a curing (crosslinking) reaction, thereby modifying the liquid crystal alignment state into a stronger film.
- the liquid crystalline composition used in the present invention has a polymerizable oxetaryl group, it is preferable to use a cationic polymerization initiator (cation generator) for the polymerization (crosslinking). It is as follows.
- cation generator cationic polymerization initiator
- the polymerization initiator it is preferable to use a light thione generator rather than a thermal cation generator.
- the process from the addition of the light thione generator to the heat treatment for liquid crystal alignment is a drastic condition (light blocking conditions that do not cause the light thione generator to dissociate).
- the liquid crystal composition can be aligned with sufficient fluidity without being cured until the alignment stage.
- the liquid crystal composition layer is cured by generating cations by irradiating light from a light source that emits light of an appropriate wavelength.
- the light irradiation method includes light from a light source such as a metal halide lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, an arc lamp, or a laser that has a spectrum in the absorption wavelength region of the photoactive thione generator. Irradiate to cleave the light thione generator. As the amount of irradiation per square centimeter, the cumulative amount of irradiation is usually: ⁇ 2 0 0 0 m J, preferably 1 0 ⁇ ! It is the range of O O O m J.
- the temperature at the time of light irradiation needs to be within a temperature range in which the liquid crystalline composition takes liquid crystal alignment. In order to sufficiently enhance the curing effect, it is preferable to perform light irradiation at a temperature of T g or more of the liquid crystalline composition.
- the liquid crystalline composition layer produced by the above process is a sufficiently strong film.
- the mesogens are three-dimensionally bonded by the curing reaction, which not only improves the heat resistance (upper limit temperature of liquid crystal alignment) compared to before curing, but also scratch resistance, wear resistance, crack resistance.
- the mechanical strength such as property is also greatly improved.
- the obtained liquid crystal layer is finally opaque in the intended use wavelength region, or the alignment substrate is too thick, resulting in problems in actual use. If there is a problem such as the above, it is also possible to use a form that is transferred from a form formed on an oriented substrate to a substrate that does not become an obstacle in the intended wavelength range of use or a stretched film having a retardation function.
- a transfer method a known method can be employed. For example, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-7570 17 or Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-3 3 3 3 1 3, the liquid crystal layer is different from the alignment substrate through an adhesive or an adhesive. Examples include a method of transferring only the liquid crystal layer by peeling the alignment substrate from the laminate after laminating the substrates.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive or adhesive used for transfer is not particularly limited as long as it is an optical grade as described later, and is generally used such as acrylic, epoxy, and urethane. Can be used.
- the home-mouth pick-aligned liquid crystal layer obtained as described above can be quantified by measuring the optical phase difference of the liquid crystal layer at an angle inclined from normal incidence. In the case of a homeotopically picked liquid crystal layer, this retardation value is symmetric with respect to normal incidence.
- Several methods can be used to measure the optical phase difference. For example, an automatic birefringence measuring device (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) and a polarizing microscope can be used. This homeotopic pick alignment liquid crystal layer appears black between the crossed Nicol polarizers. In this way, homeo-mouth pick orientation was evaluated.
- the R e 1 and R th 1 values which are the optical parameters of the homeotropic alignment liquid crystal layer, cannot be generally described because they depend on the type of the liquid crystal display device and various optical parameters.
- the in-plane retardation value (R e 1) is usually ⁇ ⁇ ! -20 nm, preferably 0 nm to 10 nm, more preferably O nm to 5 nm
- the thickness direction retardation value (R thl) is usually from 1 to 500 nm to 1 to 30 nm
- it is controlled from 1 400 nm to 1 50 nm, more preferably from 1 400 nm to ⁇ 100 nm.
- the viewing angle improving film of the liquid crystal display device can widen the viewing angle while correcting the color tone of the liquid crystal display.
- the Re 1 value is larger than 20 nm
- the front characteristic of the liquid crystal display device may be deteriorated due to the large in-plane retardation value.
- the R th 1 value is larger than –30 nm or smaller than 1 500 nm, sufficient viewing angle improvement effect may not be obtained, or unnecessary coloring may occur when viewed from an oblique direction.
- the homeotopic pick alignment liquid crystal layer preferably satisfies the condition represented by the following [5].
- a stretched film is used as an optically anisotropic element that has positive uniaxiality in the thickness direction instead of the homeotropic alignment liquid crystal layer, so there is a limit to stretching in the thickness direction, so there is a wide range of retardation in the thickness direction. Can not be controlled.
- a method in which a long film is thermally shrunk and stretched in the thickness direction using a heat shrinkable film is also used, but the birefringence in the thickness direction is 0.03 or less, and the resulting film thickness is It is about 50 to 100 m, thicker than the original long film, and it is difficult to meet the demand for thinning the entire elliptically polarizing plate accompanying the demand for thinning liquid crystal display devices.
- the film thickness of the elliptically polarizing plate is desirably 1 75 ⁇ or less, particularly preferably 1550 ⁇ m or less, in view of the recent demand for thinning.
- the linearly polarizing plate constituting the elliptically polarizing plate of the present invention has a translucent protective film only on one side of the polarizer.
- the polarizer to be used is not particularly limited, and various types can be used, such as polyvinyl alcohol film, partially formalized polyalcohol film, ethylene / acetic acid copolymer copolymer partially saponified film, etc.
- Polyethylene films such as uniaxially stretched by adsorbing a dichroic substance such as a dichroic dye on a hydrophilic polymer film, dehydrated polyvinyl alcohol or dehydrochlorinated polyvinyl chloride An oriented film etc. are mentioned.
- the thickness of the polarizer is not particularly limited, but is generally about 5 to 80 ⁇ m.
- a polarizer obtained by uniaxially stretching a polybulal alcohol film with iodine is prepared by immersing polyvinyl alcohol in an aqueous solution of iodine and stretching it 3 to 7 times the original length. be able to. If necessary, it can be immersed in an aqueous solution of boric acid or potassium oxalate. Furthermore, if necessary, the polybulal alcohol film may be immersed in water and washed before dyeing. Polyvinyl alcohol film by washing polyvinyl alcohol film with water In addition to cleaning surface stains and antiblocking agents, it also has the effect of preventing unevenness such as uneven dyeing by swelling the polyvinyl alcohol film.
- the stretching may be performed after dyeing with iodine, may be performed while dyeing, or may be dyed with iodine after stretching.
- the film can be stretched in an aqueous solution of boric acid or potassium iodide or in a water bath.
- the translucent protective film provided on one side of the polarizer preferably has excellent transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, moisture shielding properties, isotropic properties, and the like.
- the material of the translucent protective film include, for example, polyester polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, cellulose polymers such as diacetyl cellulose and triacetyl cellulose, and acrylic polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate.
- Styrene polymers such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile styrene copolymer (AS resin), polycarbonate polymers and the like.
- Polyolefin-based polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene / propylene copolymers, cycloolefin-based polymers, chlorinated butyl-based polymers, amide-based polymers such as nylon and aromatic polyamide, imide-based polymers, and sulfonate-based polymers
- Polymers polyethersulfone polymers, polyetheretherketone polymers, polyphenylene sulfide polymers, butyl alcohol polymers, vinylidene chloride polymers, vinyl butyral polymers, arylate polymers, polyoxymethylenes
- Examples of polymers that form translucent protective films include polymer-based polymers, epoxy-based polymers, and blends of the aforementioned polymers.
- the thickness of the translucent protective film is generally 100 m or less, and preferably 1 to 80 m. In particular, it is preferably 5 to 50 m.
- the translucent protective film is preferably a cellulose polymer such as triacetyl cellulose or cycloolefin-based polymer from the viewpoint of polarization characteristics or durability.
- the polarizer and the translucent protective film are usually an adhesive or an adhesive. It is in close contact through etc.
- Examples of the pressure-sensitive adhesive and adhesive include polybulal alcohols, gelatins, bull latexes, water-based polyurethanes and water-based polyesters.
- a hard coat layer As the translucent protective film, a hard coat layer, an antireflection treatment, an anti-sticking treatment, or a treatment for diffusion or anti-glare can be used.
- Hard coat treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing scratches on the surface of the polarizing plate.
- a protective film is applied to a cured film having excellent hardness and sliding properties by an appropriate UV curable resin such as acryl or silicone. It can be formed by a method of adding to the surface.
- the antireflection treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing reflection of external light on the surface of the polarizing plate, and can be achieved by forming an antireflection film or the like according to the conventional art.
- the anti-sticking treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing adhesion with an adjacent layer.
- Anti-glare treatment is applied for the purpose of preventing external light from being reflected on the surface of the polarizing plate and obstructing the visibility of the light transmitted through the polarizing plate.
- the anti-glare treatment is performed by a sandblast method or an embossing method. It can be formed by imparting a fine concavo-convex structure to the surface of the protective film by an appropriate method such as a roughening method or a blending method of transparent fine particles.
- the fine particles to be included in the formation of the fine surface uneven structure include silica, alumina, titania, zircoure, tin oxide, indium oxide, cadmium oxide, and antimony oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 50 / m.
- Transparent fine particles such as inorganic fine particles that may be conductive and organic fine particles made of a crosslinked or uncrosslinked polymer are used.
- the amount of fine particles used is generally about 2 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the transparent resin forming the surface fine uneven structure, and 5 to 25 Part by weight is preferred.
- the antiglare layer may also serve as a diffusion layer (viewing angle expanding function or the like) for diffusing the light transmitted through the polarizing plate to expand the viewing angle.
- the anti-reflection layer, anti-sticking layer, diffusion layer, anti-glare layer, etc. can be provided on the translucent protective film itself, and separately provided as a separate optical layer from the translucent protective film. You can also. Next, a retardation film having a retardation function will be described.
- the retardation film only needs to have a desired retardation function.
- a film obtained by uniaxially or biaxially stretching a polymer film, a film subjected to orientation treatment in the thickness direction (Z-axis), or a material exhibiting liquid crystallinity is used. Examples include coating and oriented film.
- the retardation film having a retardation function preferably satisfies the following formulas [3] and [4].
- R e 2 means an in-plane retardation value of the retardation film
- R t h 2 means a retardation value in the thickness direction of the retardation film.
- D 2 is the thickness of the retardation film
- Nx 2 and Ny 2 are the main refractive index in the retardation film plane
- N z 2 is the main refractive index in the thickness direction
- the Re 2 and R th 2 values which are the optical parameters of the retardation film, cannot be generally described because they depend on the type of liquid crystal display device and various optical parameters, but for monochromatic light at 550 nm.
- the in-plane retardation value (R e 2) is usually 20 nn! ⁇ 200 nm, preferably 30 ⁇ ! ⁇ 1 80 nm, more preferably 50 n ⁇ !
- the retardation value (R t h 2) in the thickness direction is usually from 0 nm to 30 nm, preferably 0 n ⁇ ! ⁇ 25 nm, more preferably 0 ⁇ ! Controlled to ⁇ 15 nm.
- the viewing angle improving film of the liquid crystal display device can widen the viewing angle while correcting the color tone of the liquid crystal display. If the R e 2 value is less than 2 O nm, but greater than 200 nm, the front characteristics of the liquid crystal display device may be deteriorated due to the influence of the in-plane retardation value. If the Rth2 value is less than 0 nm or greater than 3 O nm, sufficient viewing angle improvement effect may not be obtained, or unnecessary coloring may occur when viewed from an oblique direction. .
- a method of subjecting a film made of an appropriate polymer to uniaxial or biaxial stretching treatment may be a long film made of a heat-condensation film as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-157991.
- a birefringent film manufactured by a method in which the width direction is thermally shrunk to increase the retardation in the thickness direction is preferable.
- the raw material include films and sheets made of organic polymer materials.
- polybutyl alcohol polyimide, polyphenylene oxide, polysulfone
- poly Polyester polymers such as etherenoketone, polyethylenate etherenoketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, cellulose polymers such as diacetyl cellulose and triacetyl cellulose, polycarbonate polymers, acrylics such as polymethyl methacrylate And a film made of a transparent polymer such as a polymer.
- Styrene polymers such as polystyrene, acrylonitrile and styrene copolymers, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycyclohexylene, olefin polymers such as ethylene and propylene copolymers, chlorinated polymers, nylon and aromatic polyamides, etc.
- a film made of a transparent polymer such as a polymer is also included.
- Further examples include vinylidene chloride polymers, vinyl butyral polymers, arylate polymers, polyoxymethylene polymers, films made of transparent polymers such as epoxy polymers and blends of the aforementioned polymers.
- plastic films such as triacetyl cellulose, polycarbonate, and polycyclohexylene used as optical films are used award.
- organic polymer film examples include ZENOA (trade name, manufactured by ZEON CORPORATION), ZEONEX (trade name, manufactured by ZEON CORPORATION), Arton (trade name, manufactured by JSR Corporation), etc.
- a plastic film made of a polymer material having a norbornene structure is preferably used.
- the thickness of the retardation film obtained by stretching or the like depends on Re 2 and R th 2 as described above, but is usually 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 10 ⁇ m to 80. ⁇ m.
- An alignment film made of a liquid crystal material such as a liquid crystal polymer is a substrate on which a liquid crystalline polymer that exhibits uniform and monodomain nematic alignment and can easily fix the alignment state is applied on a substrate or an alignment film.
- An alignment film produced by heat treatment above to form a uniform, monodomain nematic structure, and then cooled to fix the alignment without impairing the alignment in the liquid crystal state, or a photopolymerizable liquid crystal to the liquid crystalline polymer An alignment film obtained by blending a compound to form a liquid crystalline composition, coating, orienting and polymerizing on a substrate or a substrate coated with an alignment film can be mentioned.
- the optical film may be a positive uniaxial optically anisotropic layer, a negative uniaxial optically anisotropic layer, or a biaxial optically anisotropic layer.
- NZ coefficient ( ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ ) / ( ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ y)
- NZ> 1 negative 2 axes
- NZ + 1 is positive It can be classified as two axes.
- a retardation film having a retardation value in the following range may be appropriately selected from the above retardation films having a retardation function.
- the in-plane retardation R e is 20 ⁇ ⁇ ! ⁇ 500 nm, preferably 50 nm to 300 nm. Outside this range, the effect of improving the viewing angle when applied to a liquid crystal display device becomes poor, which is not preferable.
- Re is the same as the formula defined for the retardation film having a phase difference function.
- the optical film having a negative uniaxial optically anisotropic layer is not particularly limited, but non-liquid crystal materials have excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, transparency, and high rigidity.
- Polyolefins such as sylate, ZEONEX, ZEONOR (both manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) and ARTON (manufactured by JSR Co., Ltd.), polyamide, polyimide, polyester, polyetherketone, polyaryletherketone, polyamido Polymers such as polyimide and polyesterimide are preferred. Any one of these polymers may be used alone, or a mixture of two or more kinds having different functional groups such as a mixture of polyaryl ether ketone and polyamide may be used. .
- polyimide is particularly preferable because of its high transparency and high orientation.
- a polyimide having high in-plane orientation and soluble in an organic solvent is preferable.
- a polymer containing one or more repeating units shown in (7) can be used.
- R 3 to R 6 are hydrogen, halogen, a phenyl group, 1 to 4 halogen atoms, or C i to. It is at least one kind of substituent each independently selected from the group consisting of a phenyl group substituted with an alkyl group and a C i to i 0 alkyl group.
- R 3 to R 6 is halogen, phenyl group, 1 to 4 halogen atom or C i ⁇ i.
- Z is, for example, C 6 ⁇ 2.
- the tetravalent aromatic group is preferably a pyromerite group, a polycyclic aromatic group, a derivative of a polycyclic aromatic group, or a group represented by the following formula (8).
- Z ' is a covalent bond, C (R 7) 2 group, CO group, O atom, S atom, S_ ⁇ 2 group, S i (C 2 H 5 ) 2 group, or NR 8 groups, and when plural, they are the same or different.
- W represents an integer from 1 to 10;
- Each R 7 is independently hydrogen or C (R 9 ) 3 .
- R 8 is hydrogen, 1 to about 20 alkyl carbon atoms or C 6 ⁇ 2,. In case of multiple groups, they are the same or different.
- R 9 is independently hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine.
- the liquid crystal material includes liquid crystal materials such as cholesteric liquid crystalline polymers.
- Cholesteric alignment film a film in which a cholesteric alignment layer is supported by a film, a discotic liquid crystal layer, and the like.
- the cholesteric alignment film is preferably one having a uniform brilliant orientation such that the cholesteric helical axis exists in the normal direction of the film by an appropriate method such as heat treatment, and the selective reflection wavelength s is 300 nm or less. Preferably there is.
- the material for realizing cholesteric alignment is not limited to a liquid crystal polymer, but a liquid crystal monomer molecule having a polymerizable group capable of realizing cholesteric alignment alone, or a liquid crystal monomer having a polymerizable group and a chiral compound. A mixture of these is also preferably used. After these materials are cholesterically oriented by a method selected appropriately, such as heat treatment, the polymerizable group can be cured by a suitably used means such as heat or light, and the cholesteric orientation can be fixed.
- a polymerizable discotic liquid crystal compound that is homogeneously aligned is also preferably used.
- the thickness of the optical film having the negative uniaxial optically anisotropic layer is d 3
- the main refractive index in the optical anisotropic layer surface is Nx 3 and Ny 3
- the main refractive index in the thickness direction is N z 3 and Nx 3 ⁇ Ny 3> N z 3
- thickness direction retardation value (R t h 3 (N X 3 -N z 3) X d 3 [n m])
- the R e 3 and R th 3 values which are the optical parameters of an optical film having negative uniaxial optical anisotropy, cannot be generally described because they depend on the type of liquid crystal display device and various optical parameters.
- the in-plane retardation (R e 3) for 550 nm monochromatic light is usually 0 ⁇ ! ⁇ 20 nm, preferably 0 ⁇ ! ⁇ 10 nm, more preferably 0 nn!
- the retardation value in the thickness direction (R t h 3) is usually 50 ⁇ ! ⁇ 500 nm, preferably 80 ⁇ ⁇ ! It is controlled to ⁇ 400 nm, more preferably 100 nm to 300 nm.
- the viewing angle improving film of the liquid crystal display device can widen the viewing angle while correcting the color tone of the liquid crystal display. If the Re 3 value is larger than 20 nm, the front characteristics of the liquid crystal display element may be deteriorated due to the large front phase difference value. R th 3 value is 5 If it is smaller than 0 nm or larger than 500 nm, a sufficient viewing angle improvement effect may not be obtained, or unnecessary coloring may occur when viewed from an oblique direction. Next, the manufacturing method of the elliptically polarizing plate of this invention is demonstrated.
- the elliptically polarizing plate of the present invention comprises a linearly polarizing plate having a laminated structure in which only one surface of the polarizing element is protected by a light-transmitting protective film, a retardation film having a retardation function, and a homeotropic alignment liquid crystal layer, and further required Can be produced by incorporating the above-described optical films and bonding them to each other via a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or an adhesive layer (hereinafter referred to as a “viscous adhesive layer”).
- the home-orientated pick-aligned liquid crystal layer formed on the alignment substrate is attached to the linearly polarizing plate, the retardation film or the optical film via the adhesive / adhesive layer, and then the alignment substrate is peeled off to remove the homeo-mouth. It can also be laminated by a method in which only the pick-aligned liquid crystal layer is transferred to a linearly polarizing plate, a retardation film or an optical film.
- a transparent protective film is bonded to a polarizing element through an adhesive layer 1, and a laminate (I) (linear polarizing plate comprising the transparent protective film Z adhesive layer 1 / polarizing element )
- a layer of a liquid crystalline composition exhibiting positive uniaxiality is formed on a retardation film, and the layer is homeotropically aligned, and then a homeotropically aligned liquid crystal layer with a fixed orientation is formed.
- Retardation film Z Home-made liquid crystal layer
- the manufacturing method of the elliptically polarizing plate characterized by passing through each process of these.
- a translucent protective film is bonded to a polarizing element via an adhesive layer 1, and a laminated body comprising a translucent protective film Z adhesive layer 1 Z polarizing element (I) (linear polarizing plate ) First step to get,
- the manufacturing method of the elliptically polarizing plate characterized by passing through each process of these.
- a translucent protective film is bonded to a polarizing element via an adhesive layer 1, and a laminated body comprising the translucent protective film Z adhesive layer 1 Z polarizing element (I) (linear polarizing plate ) To obtain the first step,
- a layer of a liquid crystalline composition exhibiting positive uniaxiality is formed on an alignment substrate, and the layer is home-mouth pick-aligned, and then a home-mouth pick-alignment liquid crystal layer with a fixed orientation is formed.
- a laminated body (in) composed of an alignment substrate Z homeotropic alignment liquid crystal layer.
- a method for producing an elliptically polarizing plate characterized by passing through each of the steps.
- a translucent protective film is bonded to a polarizing element via an adhesive layer 1, and a laminated body comprising a translucent protective film Z adhesive layer 1 Z polarizing element (I) (linear polarizing plate ) To obtain the first step,
- a layer of liquid crystalline composition exhibiting positive uniaxiality is formed on the alignment substrate, and the layer is A second step of obtaining a laminate (III) composed of an alignment substrate / homeotope picked liquid crystal layer by forming a home picked liquid crystal layer having a fixed orientation after photo-pic orientation.
- the manufacturing method of the elliptically polarizing plate characterized by passing through each process of these.
- a method of laminating a linear polarizing plate, a retardation film, or an optical film for example, a method of directly laminating both using an adhesive layer described later, a liquid crystal alignment ability is imparted to the optical film, and a uniform and mono
- a method of providing a liquid crystalline polymer that exhibits domain-like liquid crystal orientation and can easily fix the orientation state by means such as coating, a liquid crystalline polymer provided on a film substrate, and a composition containing them For example, a method of transferring the film to another linearly polarizing plate or a film using an adhesive or an adhesive described later is preferably used.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesives and adhesives used to form linear adhesive plates, home-orientated pick-aligned liquid crystal layers and optically anisotropic layers, and adhesive / adhesive layers used for transfer are optically isotropic and transparent. If there is no particular limitation. For example, acrylic polymers, silicone polymers, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyethers, fluorine-based or rubber-based polymers can be appropriately selected and used. . For these adhesives and adhesives, various additives such as surfactants, antifoaming agents, thickeners, tackifiers, A leveling agent may be added.
- reactive materials that react by an external stimulus such as light, electron beam, heat, and the like to be polymerized or cross-linked, and fluorine-based or rubber-based materials can be used.
- those that are excellent in optical transparency, such as acrylic adhesives, exhibit appropriate wettability, cohesiveness, and adhesive properties, and are excellent in weather resistance and heat resistance are preferable. Can be used.
- the linearly polarizing plate used in the present invention has a translucent protective film on one side, since the linearly polarizing plate is usually incorporated in a liquid crystal display device and the translucent protective film layer is the outermost layer,
- the light-transmitting protective film is preferably excellent in transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, moisture shielding property, isotropy and the like as described above.
- the polarizer side without a translucent protective film is not the outermost layer, but the liquid crystal layer or retardation film is not the outermost layer, but it is used to prevent (protect) scratches during various processing.
- the adhesive can also have a function to relieve the stress caused by heat deformation. Further, the adhesive / adhesive layer need not be a single layer, and a plurality of layers may be laminated.
- the adhesive layer can be formed by an appropriate method.
- examples thereof include, for example, about 10 to 40% by mass of a base polymer or a composition thereof dissolved or dispersed in a solvent composed of an appropriate solvent alone or a mixture such as toluene cetyl acetate.
- an adhesive layer is formed on a separator and transferred onto the linearly polarizing plate, retardation film, liquid crystal layer or optically anisotropic layer.
- the adhesive / adhesive layer for example, natural or synthetic resins, in particular, adhesive resins, fillers made of glass fibers, glass beads, metal powders, other inorganic powders, pigments, etc.
- An additive that may be added to the adhesive such as a colorant and an antioxidant may be contained. It can also be an adhesive layer that contains fine particles and exhibits light diffusivity.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as the member to be adhered can be adhered and sufficient adhesion can be maintained, depending on the properties of the adhesive and the adhesive and the material to be adhered. Can be selected. Since there is a strong demand for reducing the total thickness of the elliptically polarizing plate, it is preferable that the thickness of the adhesive and the adhesive is thin, but usually 2 to 80 ⁇ , preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 40 ⁇ m. Outside this range, it is not preferable because the adhesive strength is insufficient, or it oozes out from the edge during lamination or storage of the elliptically polarizing plate.
- the liquid crystal layer is directly bonded to the linearly polarizing plate, retardation film or optical film via the adhesive layer 1 and aligned.
- the substrate is peeled off, and the home-orientated pick-aligned liquid crystal layer is transferred to a linear polarizing plate, a retardation film or an optical film.
- Adhesive layer 2 Removable substrate 2 Intermediate 2 is produced, and a non-carrier paste with a separate film is further bonded to the adhesive layer 1 side. Is peeled off and attached to a linear polarizing plate, a retardation film or an optical film as appropriate, and the releasable substrate 2 is peeled off.
- (U) Home-to-mouth pick alignment in which the liquid crystal alignment formed on the alignment substrate is fixed.
- the alignment substrate is peeled off and the homeotope is aligned.
- Transfer the lip-pick orientation liquid crystal layer to the removable substrate 1 and re-peel the substrate 1 Z adhesive layer 1 Create intermediate 1 consisting of home-pick orientation liquid crystal layer, and then re-peel through the adhesive layer 2
- the releasable substrate 1 is peeled off to produce an intermediate 2 consisting of an adhesive layer 1 / homeotopick orientation liquid crystal layer Z adhesive layer 2 / removable substrate 2
- the re-peelable substrate 2 is peeled off and the separate film is applied.
- Adhesive layer 1 Adhesive layer 1 Home-to-mouth orientation liquid crystal layer
- Adhesive layer Intermediate 3 consisting of 2 and adhesive layer 2
- a non-carrying glue with a separate film, separate film adhesive layer no adhesive layer 1 / homeo orientation liquid crystal layer adhesive layer 2
- Z adhesive layer intermediate 4 consisting of Z separate film Prepare, peel off the separate film, and stick to a linear polarizing plate, retardation film, or optical film.
- the adhesion between the releasable substrate and the home-to-mouth pick alignment liquid crystal layer can be reduced and re-peeled.
- the adhesive layer can be peeled off while being adhered to the removable substrate side.
- (E) Home-to-mouth pick alignment in which the liquid crystal alignment formed on the alignment substrate is fixed. After the liquid crystal layer is bonded to the removable substrate 1 through the adhesive layer 1, the alignment substrate is peeled off and the homeotope is aligned. Transfer the lip-pickup alignment liquid crystal layer to the removable substrate 1, re-peelable substrate 1 Adhesive layer 1 Create intermediate 1 consisting of homeo-pick alignment liquid crystal layer, and re-peelability through the adhesive layer 2 After adhering to the substrate 2, the releasable substrate 1 is peeled off, and the intermediate layer 2 made of the adhesive layer 1 Z homeotope orientation liquid crystal layer adhesive layer 2 Z removable substrate 2 is prepared.
- Adhesive layer 1 Non-carrier paste with separate film is pasted, then peelable substrate 2 is peeled off with adhesive layer 2 attached, separate film Z adhesive layer Adhesive layer 1 Z An intermediate 5 consisting of a homeotopic pick alignment liquid crystal layer was produced, and A non-carrier paste with a separate film is also bonded to the liquid crystal layer side of the meto-mouth pick orientation layer.
- Adhesive layer 2 / Adhesive layer No separate film Intermediate 6 is prepared, and the separate film is peeled off. Adhere to the difference film or optical film.
- (G) Home-mouth pick alignment with fixed liquid crystal alignment formed on the alignment substrate After the liquid crystal layer is adhered to the re-peelable substrate 1 via the adhesive layer 1, the alignment substrate is peeled off and the homeotope is aligned. Transfer the lip-pick orientation liquid crystal layer to the removable substrate 1 and re-peel the substrate 1 Z adhesive layer 1 Create intermediate 1 consisting of home-pick orientation liquid crystal layer, and then re-peel through the adhesive layer 2 After adhering to the releasable substrate 2, the releasable substrate 2 is peeled off, and the intermediate 2 comprising the releasable substrate 1 / adhesive layer 1 home-to-mouth pick alignment liquid crystal layer adhesive layer 2 is prepared and further bonded Adhesive layer 2 Adhesive layer 2 Adhesive layer 2 Adhesive layer 2 After peeling non-carrier paste with a separate film on the side of the adhesive layer 1 and peeling the removable substrate 1 with the adhesive layer 1 attached.
- Intermediate 7 made of Z separate film was prepared, and A non-carrier paste with a separate film is also bonded to the top-pick orientation liquid crystal layer side to produce a separate film, adhesive layer, Z homeotropic alignment liquid crystal layer, adhesive layer, 2 adhesive layer, and intermediate 8 consisting of a separate film. Separate the separator film and attach it to a linearly polarizing plate, retardation film or optical film as appropriate.
- the surface of the member to be processed can be surface-treated to improve the adhesion to the adhesive / adhesive layer.
- the surface treatment means is not particularly limited, but corona discharge treatment, sputtering treatment, low-pressure UV capable of maintaining the transparency of the liquid crystal layer surface.
- Surface treatment methods such as irradiation and plasma treatment can be suitably employed. Among these surface treatment methods, corona discharge treatment is good.
- the removable substrate examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, and olefin-based resins such as poly (4-methylpentene-1) resin, polyamide, polyimide, polyamide imide, polyether imide, polyether ketone, and polyketone.
- transparent and optically isotropic films with excellent optical defect inspection properties include poly (4-methylpentene 1), polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, and polyethenores norephone.
- films of polyarylate, monomeric polyolefin, norbornene resin, triacetyl cellulose, or epoxy resin examples thereof include films of polyarylate, monomeric polyolefin, norbornene resin, triacetyl cellulose, or epoxy resin.
- the surface thereof can be coated with silicone or the like in advance, or an organic thin film or an organic thin film can be formed.
- the surface of the plastic film can be subjected to chemical treatment such as hatching treatment or physical treatment such as corona treatment.
- the plastic film may contain a lubricant or a surface modifier.
- a lubricant or a surface modifier.
- the type and amount of the lubricant include fine silica, fine alumina, and the like.
- the haze value of the removable substrate is usually 50% or less, preferably 30% or less. Good. If the addition amount is too small, the effect of addition is not recognized. On the other hand, if the addition amount is too large, the optical defect inspection property deteriorates, which is not preferable.
- the peelability of a removable substrate even a releasable substrate manufactured from the same material cannot be determined unconditionally because it changes depending on the manufacturing method, surface condition, wettability with the adhesive used, etc.
- the peel force at the interface with the adhesive (1800 ° peel, peel rate 30 cm / min, measured at room temperature) is usually 0.38 ⁇ : I 2 N / m, preferably 0 ⁇ 3 8 to 8.0 NZm is desirable.
- the peel-off force is too low when the alignment substrate is peeled off after the liquid crystal material layer on the alignment substrate is bonded to the re-peelable substrate.
- the transfer of the liquid crystal material layer to the releasable substrate becomes insufficient, and when the peel force is too high, the releasable substrate is peeled off. It is not preferable because the liquid crystal material layer is broken or it cannot be peeled off at the interface with the desired layer.
- the thickness of the removable substrate may affect the releasability, preferably 16 to 100 Aim, particularly preferably 25 to 50 xm. If the thickness is too thick, the peeling point may not be stable and the peelability may deteriorate. On the other hand, if the thickness is too thin, the mechanical strength of the film cannot be maintained, which may cause problems such as tearing during production. .
- the liquid crystal material described above is developed on the linearly polarizing plate, the retardation film, or the optical film, and the liquid crystal material is aligned, without the home-orientated pick-aligned liquid crystal layer having a viscosity or adhesive layer. It can also be produced by fixing the alignment state by light irradiation and / or heat treatment. If necessary, install the alignment film on the linearly polarizing plate, retardation film or optical film, and then expand the liquid crystal material, align the liquid crystal material, and then apply light irradiation and / or It can also be produced by fixing the orientation state by heat treatment.
- the elliptically polarizing plate of the present invention is an elliptical polarizing plate comprising a linearly polarizing plate, a home-to-mouth pick alignment liquid crystal layer in which home-to-mouth pick alignment is fixed, and a retardation film having a retardation function.
- a retardation film having a retardation function for example, the following configurations (1) to (6) can be given.
- liquid crystal display device having the elliptically polarizing plate of the present invention members such as a light diffusion layer, a light control film, a light guide plate, and a prism sheet may be added as necessary.
- members such as a light diffusion layer, a light control film, a light guide plate, and a prism sheet may be added as necessary.
- Examples of the liquid crystal display device using the elliptically polarizing plate of the present invention include the following configurations (7) to (14).
- Linear polarizing plate Home-phase pick-aligned liquid crystal layer with fixed phase-difference film homeo-topic pick-up with Z-phase difference function Positive uniaxial optically anisotropic layer with phase difference in the film plane Negative uniaxial optically anisotropic layer with retardation in the thickness direction Liquid crystal cell Positive uniaxial optically anisotropic layer with retardation in the Z film plane Polarizing plate Z back light
- the in-plane retardation value (R e) of each optically anisotropic layer preferably exhibiting a retardation of 14 wavelengths is 10 0 ⁇ ⁇ ! It is in the range of ⁇ 180 nm, preferably in the range of 120 nm to 160 nm, and more preferably in the range of 130 nm to 150 nm. If it is out of the above range, sufficient circular polarization when combined with a polarizing plate cannot be obtained, and the display characteristics when viewed from the front may be deteriorated.
- the thickness of the negative biaxial optically anisotropic layer of (2), (5), (1 0) to (1 2) above Is d4 the in-plane main refractive index is Nx 4, Ny 4, the refractive index in the thickness direction is N z 4, and NX 4> N y 4> N z 4
- the retardation value in the thickness direction of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal cell it is in the range of 50 nm to 600 nm, preferably 100 nm to 400 nm, and more preferably 20 O nm to 300 nm. If it is out of the above range, sufficient viewing angle improvement effect may not be obtained, or unnecessary coloring may occur when viewed from an oblique direction.
- liquid crystal alignment modes in liquid crystal cells include TN type, S TN type, VA (vertical alignment) type, MVA (mult l-domain vertical alignment) type, u CB k optically compensated bend type, ECB (electrically controlled birief ringence) type, HAN (hybrid-aligned nematic) type, IPS (in-plane switching) 3 ⁇ 4 bi- woman constant Nemachi' click (Bistable Nematic) type, ASM (Axially Symmetric Aligned Microcell) type, half-tone gray scale type And display methods using ferroelectric liquid crystals and antiferroelectric liquid crystals.
- the transparent substrate constituting the liquid crystal cell is not particularly limited as long as the liquid crystal material constituting the liquid crystal layer is aligned in a specific alignment direction.
- a transparent substrate having the property of orienting liquid crystals by the substrate itself, a force that lacks the alignment ability of the substrate itself, a transparent substrate having an alignment film having the property of orienting liquid crystals, etc. Can also be used.
- a known liquid crystal cell electrode such as ITO can be used. The electrode can usually be provided on the surface of the transparent substrate with which the liquid crystal layer is in contact, and when a substrate having an alignment film is used, it can be provided between the substrate and the alignment film.
- the liquid crystal alignment may have a single direction in the plane of the cell, or may be used for a liquid crystal display element in which the alignment is divided.
- a liquid crystal display driven by a passive method using an ITO electrode for example, a liquid crystal display driven by a passive method using an ITO electrode, an active method using a TFT (thin film transistor) electrode or a TFD (thin film diode) electrode, etc.
- An element can be mentioned.
- Appropriate liquid crystal display devices such as a liquid crystal display device in which a polarizing plate and an optical film are arranged on one side or both sides of the liquid crystal cell, and a backlight or reflector used in an illumination system can be formed. In that case, the optical film can be placed on one or both sides of the liquid crystal cell.
- a polarizing plate and an optical film When a polarizing plate and an optical film are provided on both sides, they may be the same or different. Furthermore, when forming a liquid crystal display device, for example, appropriate components such as a diffusion plate, an antiglare layer, an antireflection film, a protective plate, a prism array, a lens array sheet, a light diffusion plate, and a backlight are placed at appropriate positions. Two or more layers can be arranged.
- a transflective liquid crystal display element can be obtained.
- the region having a reflection function (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a reflective layer) included in the transflective electrode used in the transflective liquid crystal display element is not particularly limited, and is composed of aluminum, silver. Examples thereof include metals such as gold, chromium and platinum, alloys containing them, oxides such as magnesium oxide, dielectric multilayer films, liquid crystals exhibiting selective reflection, or combinations thereof. These reflective layers may be flat or curved. In addition, the reflective layer is processed to have a surface shape such as a concavo-convex shape so as to have diffuse reflectivity, and is provided with electrodes on the electrode substrate on the side opposite to the observer side of the liquid crystal cell. It may be a combination.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be provided with other constituent members in addition to the constituent members described above.
- a color filter to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a powerful liquid crystal display device capable of performing multicolor or full color display with high color purity can be manufactured.
- each measuring method used in the Example is as follows.
- the compound is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, and TSK-GE LS upper Hl OOO, Super H 2000, Super H 3000, Super H 4000 is connected in series with Tosoh 8020 GPC system. Measurements were made using a droflan. Polystyrene standards were used for molecular weight calibration.
- the alignment state of the liquid crystal was observed with a BH 2 polarizing microscope manufactured by Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.
- a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC, DSC-7 manufactured by Perkin E 1mer) was used and measured at a heating rate of 20 ° CZmin.
- Triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film (40 ⁇ , manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.) is immersed in a 2% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxylated hydrogen for 5 minutes at room temperature, tested, washed in running water and dried. It was.
- TAC Triacetyl cellulose
- One surface of a polarizing element obtained by adsorbing iodine to stretched polyvinyl alcohol was bonded with an experimental TAC film using an acrylic adhesive as the adhesive layer 1, and the laminate 1 (T AC film / adhesive layer 1 polarizing element).
- a side chain liquid crystalline polymer compound represented by the following formula (9) was synthesized by radical copolymerization.
- Formula (9) is represented by the structure of the block polymer, but represents the composition ratio of the monomers.
- the alignment substrate was prepared as follows. 6 Continuously on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) of 50 mm width and thickness 3 8 ⁇ , alkyl-modified polybutyl alcohol (PVA, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., MP-203) Apply a 5% by weight solution (solvent is a mixed solvent of water and isopropyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 1: 1) using a die coater. Dry and heat-treat at 30 ° C. PVA layer thickness 1.2 A ⁇ m oriented substrate film 1 was obtained.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PVA alkyl-modified polybutyl alcohol
- the PV A layer was then rubbed with a rayon rubbing cloth.
- the peripheral speed ratio during rubbing (moving speed of rubbing cloth and moving speed of substrate film) was set to 4.
- the liquid crystal composition solution obtained above is continuously applied and dried on the alignment substrate thus obtained using a die coater, followed by heat treatment at 130 ° C. for 10 minutes for liquid crystal.
- the composition layer was homeo-mouth pick oriented.
- UV ultraviolet light
- 600 m JZ cm 2 however, measured at 365 nm
- high-pressure mercury lamp a high-pressure mercury lamp
- Laminate 3 was prepared for the measurement of the optical parameters of the obtained homeo-mouth pick alignment liquid crystal layer. Since the PET film used as the alignment substrate has a large birefringence, it is difficult to measure the optical parameters (Re, Rth, etc.) of the homeotropic liquid crystal layer in the laminate 2 form. ) A homeotopic orientation liquid crystal layer was transferred onto the film as follows.
- an ultraviolet curable adhesive was applied to the optical anisotropic element on the PET film to a thickness of 5 m, laminated with a T AC film (40 ⁇ thickness), and ⁇ UV rays were applied from the AC film side. After the irradiation, the adhesive was cured, and then the PVA layer and the PET film were peeled off to obtain a laminate 3 (homeotope orientation liquid crystal layer adhesive layer 2 TAC film).
- the in-plane direction retardation value (R e) of laminate 3 measured using KOBRA2 1 ADH was 0.5 nm
- the thickness direction retardation value (R th) was 1 140 nm.
- the TAC film used alone was negative uniaxial, with a Re of 0.5 nm and a scale of 1111, which was +4011111. th was estimated to be 1100 nm.
- a retardation film (Pure Ace WR, manufactured by Teijin Ltd.) having an in-plane retardation was longitudinally uniaxially stretched at 230 ° C. to obtain a film 1 having negative biaxiality.
- the in-plane phase difference was 140 nm.
- Film 1 is subjected to corona discharge treatment (250 W min / m 2 ), and a polarizing plate protected with a TAC film is attached to both sides of the polarizing element as an isotropic protective film via an adhesive.
- a polarizing plate A film 1 pressure-sensitive adhesive layer ZT AC film pressure-sensitive adhesive layer polarizing element pressure-sensitive adhesive layer ZTAC film
- the film thickness of the elliptically polarizing plate A is 1 9 0 m.
- the solution was continuously applied and dried using a die coater, and then heated at 130 ° C. for 10 minutes to cause the liquid crystalline composition layer to be home-orientated.
- UV ultraviolet light
- the liquid crystalline composition was cured to obtain a laminate 4 (Zeonor film homeo-mouth pick alignment liquid crystal layer).
- Corona discharge treatment (25 OW ⁇ min / m 2 ) is applied to the Xenore film side of Laminate 4, and Laminate 1 is attached as a linearly polarizing plate via an adhesive, and elliptical polarizing plate 1 of the present invention (TAC film adhesion) Agent layer 1 / polarizing element adhesive layer nozono film nootropic liquid crystal layer).
- Corona discharge treatment (25 OW ⁇ min / m 2 ) is applied to the home-orientated picked liquid crystal layer side of the laminate 4, and the laminate 1 is adhered as a linearly polarizing plate via an adhesive.
- TAC film adhesive layer 1Z polarizing element Z pressure-sensitive adhesive layer / homeotope orientation liquid crystal layer ZENOA film was obtained.
- the film thickness of the elliptically polarizing plate 2 was 126 ⁇ m.
- the liquid crystal composition solution obtained in Reference Example 1 is continuously applied and dried on the above-mentioned oriented substrate film 2 using a die coater, and then heated at 130 ° C. for 10 minutes for liquid crystal.
- the composition layer was homeo-mouth pick oriented.
- a metal drum heated to 60 ° C, it was irradiated with 60 Om JZC m 2 of ultraviolet light (UV) (however, measured at 365 nm) with a high-pressure mercury lamp.
- UV ultraviolet light
- the composition was cured to obtain a laminate 5 (Zeonor film PVA layer Z homeo-mouth pick alignment liquid crystal layer).
- Corona discharge treatment (25 OW ⁇ min / m 2 ) is applied to the home-orientated pick-aligned liquid crystal layer side of Laminate 5, and Laminate 1 is attached as a linearly polarizing plate via an adhesive.
- UV curable adhesive A commercially available UV curable adhesive (UV—1)
- the ozonized film side of the laminate 6 is subjected to a corona discharge treatment (250 W ⁇ min / m 2 ), and the laminate 1 is adhered as a linear polarizing plate via an adhesive.
- the laminate 6 is subjected to corona discharge treatment (250 W ⁇ min / m 2 ) on the home-mouth-pick-aligned liquid crystal layer side, and the laminate 1 is adhered as a linearly polarizing plate via an adhesive.
- 5 TAC film Z Adhesive layer 1 Polarizing element Z Adhesive layer Z Home port Pick alignment liquid crystal layer adhesive layer 3 / Zeonor film).
- Film 1 is subjected to corona discharge treatment (2500 W ⁇ min / m 2 ) and attached to the home-orientated liquid crystal layer side of elliptically polarizing plate 4 via an adhesive, and elliptically polarizing plate 6 (TAC film)
- TAC film elliptically polarizing plate 6
- Adhesive Layer No Film 1 was obtained.
- the film thickness of the elliptically polarizing plate 6 was 1 7 2 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 2 For the commercially available IPS type liquid crystal televisions arranged in the order of the backlight, the backlight side polarizing plate, the IPS type liquid crystal cell, and the viewing side polarizing plate, as shown in FIG.
- the elliptically polarizing plate 2 was disposed. As a result, it was found that the viewing angle was larger than when the elliptical polarizing plate 2 was not used, and that a good image was obtained even when viewed from an oblique direction.
- Figure 2 shows the viewing angle dependence of contrast. In the figure, a thick solid line indicates a region with a contrast of 100 or more. Concentric circles represent a viewing angle of 20 degrees (hereinafter the same).
- the present invention is used instead of the viewing side polarizing plate as shown in FIG.
- the elliptically polarizing plate 6 obtained in Reference Example 2 was placed in place of the elliptically polarizing plate 6 instead of the backlight side polarizing plate.
- Figure 4 shows the viewing angle dependence of the contrast.
- a commercially available UV curable adhesive (UV-3400, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) was applied as an adhesive layer 4 on the homeotropically picked liquid crystal layer of Laminate 2 to a thickness of 5 ⁇ .
- UV-3400 manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.
- UV light is irradiated from the PET film side to cure the adhesive layer 4, and then the PVA layer is attached to the PVA layer adjacent to the PVA layer
- the laminate 7 (PET film adhesive layer 4 / homeotropic alignment liquid crystal layer) was obtained.
- Corona discharge treatment (250W, min / m 2 ) is applied to the adhesive layer 4 side of the laminate 8, and the laminate 1 is pasted as a linear polarizer through an adhesive, and then the TAC film is peeled off and the elliptical polarizer is removed.
- B TAC film adhesive layer 1 Z-polarizing element Z pressure-sensitive adhesive layer / adhesive layer 4 normal homeotropic alignment liquid crystal layer Z adhesive layer 4) was obtained.
- a retardation film (Zeonor film, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) with an in-plane retardation of 1400 nm and a retardation of 0 nm in the film thickness direction is subjected to corona discharge treatment (250 W min / m 2 ) Then, the laminate 1 was adhered as a linearly polarizing plate to obtain an elliptically polarizing plate C (TAC film Z adhesive layer 1 polarizing element pressure-sensitive adhesive layer noonor film). (Production of IPS liquid crystal display device)
- IPS liquid crystal TVs arranged in the order of backlight, back light side polarizing plate, IPS type liquid crystal cell, and viewing side polarizing plate, as shown in Fig. 5, instead of the viewing side polarizing plate, a reference example The elliptically polarizing plate A obtained in 2 was disposed. As a result, the viewing angle was narrower than when the elliptical polarizing plate 2 was used, and the total thickness of the elliptical polarizing plate A was so thick that it was difficult to incorporate it into the module and to bond it.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a layer structure of an IPS type liquid crystal display device manufactured in Example 5.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a layer structure of an IPS type liquid crystal display device manufactured in Example 5.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the viewing angle dependence of contrast of the IPS type liquid crystal display device fabricated in Example 5.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the viewing angle dependence of contrast of the IPS type liquid crystal display device fabricated in Example 5.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the layer structure of the VA type liquid crystal display device fabricated in Example 6.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the viewing angle dependence of contrast of the VA type liquid crystal display device fabricated in Example 6.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the viewing angle dependence of contrast of the VA type liquid crystal display device fabricated in Example 6.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the layer structure of the IPS liquid crystal display device manufactured in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the viewing angle dependence of the contrast of the IPS liquid crystal display device fabricated in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the viewing angle dependence of the contrast of the IPS liquid crystal display device fabricated in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the viewing angle dependence of contrast of the IPS type liquid crystal display device fabricated in Comparative Example 2.
- an elliptical polarizing plate having a liquid crystal layer with a fixed homeotopic orientation structure, an improved viewing angle and contrast, and a reduced thickness is provided, which has great industrial value.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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| CN200880101710A CN101772718A (zh) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-18 | 椭圆偏振片、其制造方法以及使用了其的液晶显示装置 |
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| JP2007217766A JP2009053292A (ja) | 2007-08-24 | 2007-08-24 | 楕円偏光板、その製造方法およびそれを用いた液晶表示装置 |
| JP2007-217766 | 2007-08-24 |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2009053292A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20100057654A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101772718A (ja) |
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| WO (1) | WO2009028429A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2011059663A (ja) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-03-24 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | 液晶フィルムとそれを用いて得られる光学素子および楕円偏光板 |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012073429A (ja) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-12 | Fujifilm Corp | 偏光板、それを用いた液晶表示装置、及び耐湿熱性偏光板用保護フィルム |
| JP5582947B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-29 | 2014-09-03 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 偏光板、それを用いた液晶表示装置、及び耐湿熱性偏光板用保護フィルム |
| KR101309816B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-09-23 | 제일모직주식회사 | 광학 필터 및 이를 포함하는 액정 디스플레이 |
| JP5932234B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-05 | 2016-06-08 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光素子およびその製造方法 |
| JP6171276B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-12 | 2017-08-02 | 住友化学株式会社 | 偏光子及びその製造方法 |
| WO2013094263A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-27 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Ipsモード型液晶表示装置 |
| JP5956276B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-06 | 2016-07-27 | 株式会社クラレ | 偏光フィルムの製造方法 |
| JP2015079230A (ja) | 2013-09-10 | 2015-04-23 | 住友化学株式会社 | 積層体の製造方法 |
| JP7165491B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-23 | 2022-11-04 | 住友化学株式会社 | 光学フィルム及びその製造方法 |
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| JP2006195424A (ja) * | 2004-12-14 | 2006-07-27 | Nitto Denko Corp | 楕円偏光板およびその製造方法、ならびに楕円偏光板を用いた画像表示装置 |
| JP2006337575A (ja) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-14 | Nippon Oil Corp | ホメオトロピック配向液晶フィルムおよびそれを用いた装置 |
| JP2007017637A (ja) * | 2005-07-06 | 2007-01-25 | Nippon Oil Corp | 積層位相差板、その製造方法、輝度向上フィルムおよび画像表示装置 |
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| TWI413809B (zh) * | 2004-12-27 | 2013-11-01 | Dainippon Ink & Chemicals | 光學薄膜、橢圓偏光板、圓偏光板、液晶顯示元件、及該光學薄膜之製法 |
| EP1850155B1 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2012-11-14 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Homeotropically oriented liquid-crystal film, optical film comprising the same, and image display |
| JP2006268007A (ja) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-10-05 | Nitto Denko Corp | 楕円偏光板の製造方法および楕円偏光板を用いた画像表示装置 |
-
2007
- 2007-08-24 JP JP2007217766A patent/JP2009053292A/ja active Pending
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2008
- 2008-08-18 CN CN200880101710A patent/CN101772718A/zh active Pending
- 2008-08-18 KR KR1020107006144A patent/KR20100057654A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2008-08-18 WO PCT/JP2008/065060 patent/WO2009028429A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2008-08-22 TW TW097132050A patent/TWI449971B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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| JP2006195424A (ja) * | 2004-12-14 | 2006-07-27 | Nitto Denko Corp | 楕円偏光板およびその製造方法、ならびに楕円偏光板を用いた画像表示装置 |
| JP2006337575A (ja) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-14 | Nippon Oil Corp | ホメオトロピック配向液晶フィルムおよびそれを用いた装置 |
| JP2007017637A (ja) * | 2005-07-06 | 2007-01-25 | Nippon Oil Corp | 積層位相差板、その製造方法、輝度向上フィルムおよび画像表示装置 |
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| JP2011059663A (ja) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-03-24 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | 液晶フィルムとそれを用いて得られる光学素子および楕円偏光板 |
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| KR20100057654A (ko) | 2010-05-31 |
| CN101772718A (zh) | 2010-07-07 |
| JP2009053292A (ja) | 2009-03-12 |
| TW200918967A (en) | 2009-05-01 |
| TWI449971B (zh) | 2014-08-21 |
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