WO2009027042A1 - Dispositif de chauffage, procédé pour faire fonctionner un dispositif de chauffage et appareil de chauffage électrique appartenant à un tel dispositif de chauffage - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage, procédé pour faire fonctionner un dispositif de chauffage et appareil de chauffage électrique appartenant à un tel dispositif de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009027042A1
WO2009027042A1 PCT/EP2008/006836 EP2008006836W WO2009027042A1 WO 2009027042 A1 WO2009027042 A1 WO 2009027042A1 EP 2008006836 W EP2008006836 W EP 2008006836W WO 2009027042 A1 WO2009027042 A1 WO 2009027042A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating element
heating device
heating
temperature
temperature sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/006836
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Franci Kovacic
Herbert Schinko
Wolfgang Thimm
Original Assignee
E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH filed Critical E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH
Priority to EP08785645A priority Critical patent/EP2183943A1/fr
Publication of WO2009027042A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009027042A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/07—Heating plates with temperature control means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology

Definitions

  • Heating device A method of operating a heater and electric heater with such a heater
  • the invention relates to a heater with heating element, a method for operating such a heater and an electric heater with such a heater.
  • a hotplate in which BaTiO3 is used to control heating power is EP 853 444 A1.
  • a hotplate with PTC heating elements is described in WO 2004/080127 A1.
  • the materials mentioned are tungsten (resistivity 0.056 ohm mn ⁇ 7m), Vacon CF 25 cobalt alloy (resistivity 0.056 ohm mm 2 / m), and resistivity iron typically in the range 0.1-0.15 ohms mm 2 / m.
  • a typical sensor material, which as Heating conductor could be used is platinum with a resistivity of 0.1 ohm mm 2 / m.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an aforementioned heating device and an aforementioned method for operating such a heater with which problems of the prior art can be avoided and in particular novel, simple and technically advantageous ways to monitor the temperature of a heating element or Heating device can be created.
  • the heating device has a temperature sensor or an element serving as a temperature sensor, with which it or the heating element can be monitored during heating operation to an inadmissibly high overtemperature.
  • a heating element current flows during operation of the heating element through it.
  • the heating element is at least partially itself formed as a temperature sensor for temperature measurement by evaluating the course of the Schuelementstroms over time with determination of the temperature by an evaluation of Schuelementpressive and / or Schuelementstrom at a known value for the electrical resistance.
  • the temperature sensor is always flowed through by the heating element current or lies in the current path provided for the heating element.
  • the material of the heating element is a material having a resistivity of greater than 0.2 ohm mm 2 / m at 20 ° C without further materials with a resistance increase greater than the resistance increase of pure metals with 3.9 / 1000 K and / or without parallel or series connection of smaller specific resistances.
  • Particularly advantageous is a metallic material. This results in a number of possibilities for temperature monitoring, both in terms of a temperature detection per se and a shutdown of the heating element or the heater, so as to prevent the case of a critical overtemperature after detection. These possibilities are explained below.
  • the heating element or a part thereof may itself be designed as a temperature sensor or used and evaluated as such.
  • the course of the heating element current over time can be evaluated for temperature measurement.
  • at least partially serving as a temperature sensor heating element is already flowed through by the Schuelementstrom.
  • the specific resistance is greater than 0.9 ohm mm 2 / m at 20 0 C.
  • the PTC material is designed such that when the temperature increases, in particular when the temperature of the PTC material approaches a critical temperature limit that would be detrimental to the heater or electrical appliance, the electrical resistance of the PTC material increases so much, a limitation of the heating element current leads to a reduction of the electric power of the heating element, for example by at least 20%, so that the temperature decreases again due to the reduced power.
  • an increase in the electrical resistance of the PTC material does not even have to be too steep. Alternatively, just a very steep rise from a threshold temperature take place, through which the Schuelementstrom and thus the heating power are greatly reduced.
  • PTC materials are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • PTC materials are essentially only a positive increase in electrical resistance.
  • BaTiO 3 should be explicitly excluded.
  • conventional heat conductors with a generally relatively low temperature coefficient compared to pure metals, can also be used for the invention. It is advantageous that such materials have a specific electrical resistance, which is generally greater than that of pure metals (at about 1 ohm mm 2 / m), which is contrary to the use as a heating element.
  • the PTC material may be designed so that in a temperature range between 150 0 C and 250 0 C, an increase in the resistance is at least 10%, advantageously even more than 20%. This increase can be carried out substantially over some 10 0 C, for example over 20 0 C to 30 0 C. This is considered sufficient for a significant reduction in heating power and thus a resulting reduction in temperature.
  • the material of the heating element may contain components having a ferromagnetic phase transition.
  • a Curie point can advantageously be between 200 0 C and 1000 ° C. It may be particularly advantageous Fe, Ni, or Co contained.
  • voltage and / or current can be evaluated on the heating element to determine its temperature, in which case the heating element itself is the temperature sensor. This can be done either for the entire heating element or just for one section.
  • the temperature can be detected independently of a heating operation via the heating element, so that, for example, in an intended heating break, the heating element can also be used as a pure temperature sensor for a pure temperature measurement. Furthermore, this can also be used in a heating operation extra heating breaks to allow a better and trouble-free temperature measurement.
  • An evaluation of the temperature sensor or the heating element as a temperature sensor is advantageously carried out electronically.
  • the values for current or voltage are detected and, in particular via a signal transmission or signal conditioning to a controller such as a microcontroller or the like. given.
  • heating element is iron-nickel alloys, for example available from Fa. Kanthai as Nifethal 52 or Nifethal 70.
  • Alternative materials for the heating element may also be selected from the group of FeCrAI alloys and NiCr heating conductor alloys.
  • Yet other alternative materials for the heating element may have a coefficient of resistance between that of NiCr3020 and that of tungsten. Thus, good properties of the heating element can be achieved both during heating operation and for a temperature measurement.
  • the heating element may have as additive at least one material from the group Cr 1 Ni or Fe.
  • additives such as tungsten, molybdenum, or an alloy containing tungsten or molybdenum are possible.
  • Another possible additive is carbon in various modifications, for example in the form of carbon or so-called carbon nanotubes.
  • the heating element may be a layer of CT 2 O 3 or Al 2 O 3 .
  • the heating element itself can be insulated, wherein the insulation can have a high thermal conductivity greater than 1 W / mK. Insulation may consist essentially of SiO 2 , in particular of glass or glass ceramic, alternatively of MgO or of Al 2 O 3 .
  • the heating element may consist of a ceramic material.
  • it may be a doped ceramic material doped with Ce or La.
  • a high temperature superconductor such as YBCO-1-2-3 may be used.
  • a further embodiment of the invention with a temperature sensor which is at least functionally separate from the heating element can provide for this, although similar to a safety fuse, to be self-destructive when a limit temperature is exceeded.
  • a temperature sensor which is at least functionally separate from the heating element can provide for this, although similar to a safety fuse, to be self-destructive when a limit temperature is exceeded.
  • an admissible high limit temperature of the temperature sensor due to the choice of material already at a few 100 0 C begin to oxidize, such as tungsten under normal atmosphere.
  • the temperature sensor is designed so that it oxidizes after a few seconds, for example, 5 seconds to 15 seconds, at this temperature, so it self-destructing and thereby interrupts the flow of current. So there is no melting of a corresponding breaker element, but there is another, temperature-related destruction mechanism, but with the same result.
  • a response time or interruption time is longer, that is, for example, 5 seconds to 15 seconds.
  • the advantage prevails that thermal protection is not triggered by only short-term temperature peaks.
  • an electrical resistance of the heating element can be evaluated for temperature measurement or a resistance of the temperature sensor itself, which is then part of the heating resistor or serves for heating.
  • An inventive electric heater with such a heater may for example be a water heater or an aforementioned kettle.
  • the heating device can thus be designed to heat water in direct contact or indirectly.
  • it may be a hot plate or substantially only a heating element such as a tubular heater, which may then be installed in one of the aforementioned devices.
  • a tubular heater is arranged the heating element in a tube jacket and electrically insulated.
  • the serving as a temperature sensor part may advantageously be provided close to an end or electrical connection or a housing serving for it or in a connection housing.
  • a tube can be made of metal or glass or quartz glass.
  • 1 is a schematic representation of a water heater with wound heating element including series-connected temperature sensor
  • Fig. 2 is a greatly simplified circuit diagram of the electrical wiring of FIG. 1 and
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a so-called tubular heater with extending therein elongated heating element, of which a portion serves as a temperature sensor.
  • a heater 11 is shown having a water guide 12, which consists of a water-carrying pipe 13.
  • a water guide 12 which consists of a water-carrying pipe 13.
  • Such heaters are known and are used for example in the manner of a water heater for washing machines or dishwashers.
  • a heating element 15 advantageously a heating wire, applied, and wound.
  • a so-called exposed heating element 15 in a wound-up form, it would also be possible to provide a printed thick-film heating element, possibly also a plurality of alternatively sheathed tubular heating elements. These are explained below with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the heating element 15 is connected to a temperature sensor 17 in the form of a resistor.
  • the heating element 15 is provided with a first connection 19 as a main electrical connection, through which in particular the heating element current flows.
  • the other main electrical connection is made via the second connection 20 at the right end of the heating device 11, namely at the temperature sensor 17, so that there is always a series connection of heating element 15 and temperature sensor 17.
  • an intermediate tap 21 is provided at the other end of the temperature sensor 17 or at the connection to the heating element 15.
  • the temperature sensor is formed by the intermediate tap 21, the heating element 15 and the forming this conductor is divided into two parts functional, namely on the one hand in the functional part of the heating element, which heats only.
  • the second part also heats up and, by means of the intermediate tap 21 and the connection 20, additionally forms a described temperature sensor.
  • the production of the conductor can be in one piece, and by an applied contact field to get the intermediate tap 21.
  • two Parts or suitable conductors are connected to each other at the contact pad for the intermediate tap.
  • the electrical equivalent circuit diagram in FIG. 2 shows how, on the one hand, the series connection of heating element 15 and temperature sensor 17 is flowed through by heating current I. Furthermore, a control 23 is provided, which can detect the voltage across the part as a temperature sensor 17 via the intermediate tap 21 and via a connection to the second connection 20.
  • the heating element current I is controlled or applied by a control, not shown, of the heating element 15.
  • the heating element 15 heats the water flowing through the water guide 12, as is well known.
  • Part 17 contributes, albeit with a small share, as it is much shorter.
  • the controller 23 can determine the voltage and thus the electrical resistance of the temperature sensor 17 when the heating element current I is known.
  • the controller 23 may also be additionally connected to the first terminal 19 under certain circumstances. If an impermissibly high temperature is detected, the controller 23 can throttle or switch off the heating element current I.
  • the temperature sensor 17 has the above-mentioned PTC properties. In particular, these are such that when the temperature of the heater 11 and the water guide 12, especially of course in the area monitored by the temperature sensor 17 to a predetermined limit temperature of the electrical resistance of the temperature sensor at this limit temperature increases so much that the temperature sensor 17th throttles the heating element current I. In turn, the heating element 15 generates less heating power and the heater 11 can cool down again.
  • the temperature sensor 17 can thus serve not only to detect the present temperature as an evaluable measured value, as has been explained above, but to capture the temperature so to speak automatically and to limit it automatically.
  • the limit temperature may for example be between 150 0 C and 250 0 C.
  • the material may be any of the foregoing.
  • this start of the strong PTC behavior of the temperature sensor 17 can also be detected and evaluated by means of a controller 23.
  • the controller 23 then causes no temperature limitation.
  • the temperature sensor 17 consists of an aforementioned material which begins to oxidize at a specified temperature of a few 100 0 C, again as a kind of limit temperature, under normal atmosphere. Likewise, the entire conductor, including the part of the heating element or the part with the main heating function, consist of this material. If a named impermissible high temperature limit is maintained for several seconds, at least the temperature sensor 17 is thereby destroyed, similar to a fuse, the duration is up to the destruction of the temperature sensor is greater than a fuse and in particular from 5 to 30 seconds. Such a destruction of the temperature sensor does not need to be detected by means of a control connected in parallel therewith, because a power interruption necessarily takes place and the heating element current does not start to flow again by itself.
  • a so-called tubular heater 11 ' is shown as a heater.
  • Such tubular heaters are known for example from DE-OS 24 21 842 or DE 10356914 A1.
  • the tubular heater 11 ' has a jacket 13 ' of appropriate metal on as usual and contains a fine-grained insulating sand or ceramic powder, a schematically illustrated, elongated heating element 15 ' as a heating element.
  • the heating conductor 15 ' is still divided by a kind of contact field or contact tap, and so the temperature sensor 17 ' is formed as a separate or own area.
  • the intermediate tap 21 ' which is led out as a thin conductor from the jacket 13 ' for connection according to FIG. 1 to a controller 23, not shown.
  • heating element and temperature sensor are made of the same material or from the same conductor. The distinction is made only by the additionally attached contact tap for the intermediate tap 21 ' .
  • the temperature sensor also works as a heater.
  • another heating may be formed, for example a heating base for a kettle, which may even have a plurality of heating elements in any interconnections. Even thick-film constructions are possible.
  • a hotplate with one or more of these heating elements or even such a tubular heater may be provided, since the heater on the underside of a cooking plate constructive similarity with such tubular heaters. Then it is just to at least one of the heating elements to invented A temperature sensor according to the present invention is connected in series or has such a section. Further overtemperature safeguards can be dispensed with, in particular thermomechanical systems or those with a completely separate temperature sensor which has no further function, in particular has no heating effect.

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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage (11) comprenant une conduite d'eau (12, 13) et un élément chauffant (15) fixé sur son côté extérieur, et présentant un capteur de température (17). Le capteur de température (17) constitue une partie ou une section de l'élément chauffant (15) et est ainsi parcouru par le même courant d'élément chauffant (I). Le capteur de température (17) sert à surveiller la température du dispositif de chauffage (11). La présence de bornes de connexion (20, 21) sur le capteur de température permet la détection de la tension appliquée au moyen d'une commande (23) et ainsi la détermination de la résistance électrique et à partir de celle-ci de la température. Cela permet de détecter et d'éviter les cas de température excessive critique.
PCT/EP2008/006836 2007-08-24 2008-08-20 Dispositif de chauffage, procédé pour faire fonctionner un dispositif de chauffage et appareil de chauffage électrique appartenant à un tel dispositif de chauffage WO2009027042A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08785645A EP2183943A1 (fr) 2007-08-24 2008-08-20 Dispositif de chauffage, procédé pour faire fonctionner un dispositif de chauffage et appareil de chauffage électrique appartenant à un tel dispositif de chauffage

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007040891.0 2007-08-24
DE200710040891 DE102007040891A1 (de) 2007-08-24 2007-08-24 Heizeinrichtung, Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Heizeinrichtung und Elektrowärmegerät mit einer solchen Heizeinrichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009027042A1 true WO2009027042A1 (fr) 2009-03-05

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PCT/EP2008/006836 WO2009027042A1 (fr) 2007-08-24 2008-08-20 Dispositif de chauffage, procédé pour faire fonctionner un dispositif de chauffage et appareil de chauffage électrique appartenant à un tel dispositif de chauffage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2183943A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007040891A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009027042A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102378419A (zh) * 2011-11-03 2012-03-14 关德鑫 高效节能加热装置
CN109424416A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2019-03-05 现代自动车株式会社 用于电动车辆的冷却水加热装置

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009029251B4 (de) * 2009-09-08 2015-02-12 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Gargeräterohrheizkörper
DE102014108553B4 (de) * 2014-06-17 2016-06-16 Sabrina Maurer Serviertablett-Heizeinlage, Serviertablett mit einer Serviertablett-Heizeinlage und Verfahren zur Temperaturregelung eines Serviertabletts
KR102165330B1 (ko) * 2016-10-21 2020-10-13 와틀로 일렉트릭 매뉴팩츄어링 컴파니 낮은 드리프트 저항 피드백을 가지는 전기 히터
DE102017003743A1 (de) 2017-04-19 2018-10-25 Daimler Ag Schutzabdeckung

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EP0542128A2 (fr) 1991-11-13 1993-05-19 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc und Fischer GmbH & Co. KG Conducteur de chauffage électrique destiné à être monté dans un appareil de chauffage par infrarouge
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EP0621738A2 (fr) 1993-04-23 1994-10-26 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc und Fischer GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de sécurité pour un élément de chauffage électrique contre une réduction inadmissible du transfer de chaleur
EP0676481A2 (fr) * 1994-03-25 1995-10-11 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Alliage pour dispositif de chauffage résistif
EP0853444A2 (fr) 1997-01-10 1998-07-15 E.G.O. ELEKTRO-GERÄTEBAU GmbH Système à cuire avec une plaque de cuisson électrique, transférant la chaleur par conduction
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DE10002933C1 (de) * 2000-01-25 2001-07-05 Krupp Vdm Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer formstabilen Eisen-Chrom-Aluminium-Folie sowie Verwendung derselben
WO2004080127A1 (fr) 2003-03-05 2004-09-16 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Dispositif de chauffage electrique a plaque chauffante a contact
DE10356914A1 (de) 2003-12-01 2005-06-30 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Koaxialheizkörper für eine Heizeinrichtung und Heizeinrichtung
DE102004063207A1 (de) 2004-12-23 2006-07-13 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Temperatursensor

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DE2421842A1 (de) 1974-05-06 1975-11-20 Elpag Ag Chur Elektrischer rohrheizkoerper
EP0542128A2 (fr) 1991-11-13 1993-05-19 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc und Fischer GmbH & Co. KG Conducteur de chauffage électrique destiné à être monté dans un appareil de chauffage par infrarouge
EP0579947A1 (fr) * 1992-07-23 1994-01-26 Zanussi Elettrodomestici S.p.A. Machine à laver avec dispositif pour contrôler la température des éléments électriques de chauffage de l'eau
EP0621738A2 (fr) 1993-04-23 1994-10-26 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc und Fischer GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de sécurité pour un élément de chauffage électrique contre une réduction inadmissible du transfer de chaleur
EP0676481A2 (fr) * 1994-03-25 1995-10-11 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Alliage pour dispositif de chauffage résistif
EP0853444A2 (fr) 1997-01-10 1998-07-15 E.G.O. ELEKTRO-GERÄTEBAU GmbH Système à cuire avec une plaque de cuisson électrique, transférant la chaleur par conduction
DE19835622A1 (de) * 1998-08-06 2000-02-10 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Haushaltgerät
WO2000070915A1 (fr) * 1999-05-18 2000-11-23 Advanced Heating Technologies Ltd. Elements electriques chauffants et procede de production de ces derniers
DE10002933C1 (de) * 2000-01-25 2001-07-05 Krupp Vdm Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer formstabilen Eisen-Chrom-Aluminium-Folie sowie Verwendung derselben
WO2004080127A1 (fr) 2003-03-05 2004-09-16 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Dispositif de chauffage electrique a plaque chauffante a contact
DE10310255A1 (de) * 2003-03-05 2004-09-16 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Elektrische Heizung mit einer Kontaktkochplatte
DE10356914A1 (de) 2003-12-01 2005-06-30 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Koaxialheizkörper für eine Heizeinrichtung und Heizeinrichtung
DE102004063207A1 (de) 2004-12-23 2006-07-13 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Temperatursensor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102378419A (zh) * 2011-11-03 2012-03-14 关德鑫 高效节能加热装置
CN109424416A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2019-03-05 现代自动车株式会社 用于电动车辆的冷却水加热装置
CN109424416B (zh) * 2017-08-31 2021-12-28 现代自动车株式会社 用于电动车辆的冷却水加热装置

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Publication number Publication date
EP2183943A1 (fr) 2010-05-12
DE102007040891A1 (de) 2009-04-30

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