Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
  • C07C17/35—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or of halogen atoms in the reaction
  • C07C17/358—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or of halogen atoms in the reaction by isomerisation

Definitions

• the disclosure herein relates in general to processes for the catalytic isomerization between E and Z isomers of 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFC-1225ye).
• HFC-1225ye 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene
• the production of other hydrofluorocarbons for use in applications such as solvents, blowing agents, cleaning agents, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, dielectrics, fire extinguishants and power cycle working fluids has also been the subject of considerable interest.
• HFC-1225ye having zero ozone depletion and a low global warming potential, has been identified as a potential refrigerant.
• HFC- 1225ye can also find use in other applications such as solvents, cleaning agents, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, stehlants and power cycle working fluids.
• HFC-1225ye may also be used to make polymers.
• HFC-1225ye may exist as one of two configurational isomers, E or Z, which boil at different temperatures.
• HFC-1225ye may be preferably used as the Z-isomer or the E-isomer or a mixture thereof. It is known that Z-HFC-1225ye is thermodynamically more stable than E- HFC-1225ye.
• the ZJE ratio of 1 ,2,3,3,3- pentafluoropropene can be increased by decreasing the temperature of the HFC-1225ye in presence of an aluminum chlorofluoride (AICI X F 3-X ) catalyst, or that the Z/E ratio can be decreased by increasing the temperature of the HFC-1225ye in the presence of an aluminum chlorofluoride catalyst.
• AICI X F 3-X aluminum chlorofluoride
• a process has been provided to increase the ZIE ratio of 1 ,2,3,3,3- pentafluoropropene.
• the process comprises: contacting a starting material comprising 1 ,2,3,3, 3-pentafluoropropene with an aluminum chlorofluoride (AICI X F 3-X ) catalyst to obtain a final product, wherein the ZIE ratio of the 1 ,2, 3,3, 3-pentafluoropropene in the final product is increased relative to the ZIE ratio of the 1 ,2,3, 3, 3-pentafluoropropene in said starting material.
• a process has also been provided to decrease the ZIE ratio of 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene.
• the process comprises: contacting a starting material comprising 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene with an aluminum chlorofluoride (AICI X F 3-X ) catalyst to obtain a final product, wherein the ZIE ratio of 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene in the final product is decreased relative to the ZIE ratio of the ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene in said starting material.
• AICI X F 3-X aluminum chlorofluoride
• the ratio of isomers will depend on the temperature at which the starting material is allowed to equilibrate.
• the ZJE ratio can be increased or decreased.
• HFC-1225ye may exist as one of two configurational isomers, E or Z.
• HFC-1225ye (with no isomer designation) as used herein refers to either of the isomers, E-1225ye (CAS reg no. 5595-10-8) or Z-1225ye (CAS reg. no. 5528-43-8), as well as any combinations or mixtures of such isomers.
• HFC-1225ye may be prepared by methods known in the art, such as those described in US Patent Nos. 5,396,000, 5,679,875, 6,031 ,141 , and 6,369,284.
• the term "isomehzation process” is intended to mean any process by which the Z/E ratio of HFC-1225ye is changed, either increased or decreased.
• ZIE ratio is intended to mean the molar ratio of Z isomer to E isomer of an olefin.
• ZIE ratio of HFC- 1225ye is intended to mean the molar ratio of Z-1225ye to E-1225ye.
• an elevated temperature is intended to mean a temperature higher than room temperature.
• the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
• a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
• “or” refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present).
• the process comprises comprising: contacting a starting material comprising 1 ,2,3,3,3- pentafluoropropene with an aluminum chlorofluoride (AICI X F 3-X ) catalyst to obtain a final product, wherein the ZIE ratio of the 1 ,2,3,3,3- pentafluoropropene in the final product is increased relative to the ZIE ratio of the 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene in said starting material.
• AICI X F 3-X aluminum chlorofluoride
• the starting material is either E-HFC-1225ye or a mixture of E-HFC-1225ye and Z-HFC-1225ye.
• the HFC-1225ye in the starting material has a lower ZIE ratio than the HFC-1225ye in the product.
• the contacting is conducted at a temperature of from about -20 0 C to about 150 0 C. In another embodiment, the contacting is conducted at a temperature of from about -10 0 C to about 100 0 C. In another embodiment, the contacting is conducted at a temperature of from about 0 0 C to about 50 0 C. In another embodiment, the contacting is conducted at about ambient, i.e., room temperature.
• the process occurs in the liquid phase.
• the present disclosure also provides a process for decreasing the ZIE ratio of 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene.
• the process comprises contacting a starting material comprising 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene with an aluminum chlorofluoride (AICI X F 3-X ) catalyst to obtain a final product wherein the ZIE ratio of 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene of the final product is decreased relative to the ZIE ratio of 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene in said starting material.
• AICI X F 3-X aluminum chlorofluoride
• the HFC-1225ye in the starting material is either Z-HFC-1225ye or a mixture of E-HFC-1225ye and Z-HFC-1225ye.
• the HFC-1225ye in the starting material has a higher ZIE ratio than the HFC-1225ye in the product.
• the contacting is conducted at an elevated temperature. In another embodiment, the contacting is conducted at a temperature of from about 300 0 C to about 450 0 C.
• the catalyst may be aluminum chlorofluohde, AICI X F 3-X (herein after referred to as ACF), wherein x may range from about 0.01 to about 2.99.
• ACF catalyst may be prepared as described in US Patent Nos. 5,157,171 or 5,162,594; or in PCT Published Patent Application WO 94/03417, by treatment Of AICI 3 with a fluorocarbon such as fluorotrichloromethane (CFC-11 ) or 1 ,1 ,2-trichloro-1 ,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113).
• the ZIE ratio of 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene in said product is at least 10. In another embodiment, the ZIE ratio of 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene in said product is at least 20. In another embodiment, the ZIE ratio of
• 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene in said product is at least 40.
• 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene is increased or decreased, the contact time for 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene with the catalyst is not critical.
• the residence time should be short enough such that reaction of the product with the catalyst does not occur.
• 1 ,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene product may react with partially fluorinated aluminum chloride (having at least some chlorine remaining) to fully fluorinate the catalyst and produce chlorinated impurities such as HCFC-1224 (C 3 HF 4 CI). In either process where the ZIE ratio of the
• the pressure employed in the isomerization process can be subatmospheric, atmospheric or superatmospheric.
• the isomehzation pressure is near atmospheric.
• the isomerization pressure is autogenous.
• the contacting may occur in any suitable vapor phase reaction vessel.
• the reaction vessel may be a tube packed with catalyst through which the gaseous HFC-1225ye may flow.
• the reaction vessel for the isomerization process and its associated feed lines, effluent lines, and associated units used in applying the processes of embodiments of this invention should be constructed of materials resistant to corrosion.
• Typical materials of construction include stainless steels, in particular of the austenitic type, the well-known high nickel alloys, such as nickel-copper alloys commercially available under the trademark Monel ® , nickel-based alloys commercially available under the trademark Hastelloy ® and nickel-chromium alloys commercially available under the trademark Inconel ® , and copper-clad steel.
• the ratio of isomers will depend on the temperature at which the starting material is allowed to equilibrate. For example, if the E-isomer is desired, and the starting material is the Z-isomer, allowing the starting material to equilibrate at about 350 0 C will produce about 10% E-isomer. In an embodiment wherein the starting material is 10% E-isomer and 90% Z- isomer (which is the case when the two isomers are made at about 350 0 C) the Z-isomer can be increased to 99% by interconverting them at 25°C. Therefore, the equilibrium composition may be approached from either side.
• Aluminum chlorofluoride (AICI X F 3-X , 1 .0 gm) in a dry box was added to a Fisher Porter pressure vessel equipped with a stir bar, pressure gauge, thermocouple, and sample tube, which ended just above the level of the liquid.
• a mixture of E/Z-1225ye (26% Z) (5.0 gm, .038 mol) was transferred into the vessel via vacuum transfer.
• the mixture was warmed to 16 0 C in 8 minutes and a GCMS of gas extracted from above the liquid layer showed 98.8% Z-1225ye and 1 .2% E-1225ye.
• the mixture was held at ambient temperature for about twenty three hours at which time it was observed that some amount of HCFC-1224 (C 3 HCIF 4 ) was produced from fluorination of the catalyst by the HFC-1225ye.
• Aluminum chlorofluoride (AICI ⁇ F 3-x , 0.1 gm) in a dry box was added to a Fisher Porter pressure vessel equipped with a stir bar, pressure gauge, thermocouple, and sample tube, which ended just above the level of the liquid.
• a mixture of E/Z-1225ye (26% Z) (5.0 gm, .038 mol) was transferred into the vessel via vacuum transfer. The mixture was warmed to -1 0 C and a sample immediately taken and analyzed by GCMS and it showed 99.1 % Z-1225ye and 0.9% E-1225ye.

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• 2008
  • 2008-08-14 CN CN200880103058A patent/CN101796003A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-08-14 US US12/674,961 patent/US8058491B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-08-14 JP JP2010521163A patent/JP2010536776A/ja active Pending
  • 2008-08-14 WO PCT/US2008/073085 patent/WO2009026080A1/en not_active Ceased

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