WO2009020379A1 - Contreplaqué à fil tranché et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Contreplaqué à fil tranché et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009020379A1
WO2009020379A1 PCT/MY2007/000086 MY2007000086W WO2009020379A1 WO 2009020379 A1 WO2009020379 A1 WO 2009020379A1 MY 2007000086 W MY2007000086 W MY 2007000086W WO 2009020379 A1 WO2009020379 A1 WO 2009020379A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
veneers
plywood
grain
short grain
short
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MY2007/000086
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ah Tee Ong
Yong Khang Ong
Ah Ching Chiam
Wah Yak Lim
Original Assignee
Ah Tee Ong
Yong Khang Ong
Ah Ching Chiam
Wah Yak Lim
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ah Tee Ong, Yong Khang Ong, Ah Ching Chiam, Wah Yak Lim filed Critical Ah Tee Ong
Publication of WO2009020379A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009020379A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plywood and a method of manufacturing thereof.
  • the present invention relates to an innovative plywood and the technique of manufacturing thereof whereby the short grain veneers are joined together by overlapping in building up of long grain veneers to form the surface veneers of a plywood.
  • Plywood is a type of engineered wood that made of wood veneer which is generally called veneers or plies.
  • the plies of wood veneer are stacked together by cross- banding with the direction of each ply's grain differing from its neighbours " by 90°.
  • Plywood is manufactured from an odd number of wood veneers to provide stability.
  • the most common varieties of plywood come in three, five or seven plies. Odd number of wood veneers that bonded face to face with the grain running in alternate direction will ensure the balance of the tensions in between the wood veneers and prevent the plywood from distortion or warping.
  • Plywood is manufactured in standard sizes such as 4 feet x 8 feet, 3 feet x 7 feet, 4 feet x 4 feet, 3 feet x 6 feet and others.
  • the most favourable type of plywood among contractors and furniture makers is that with the most common size, which is of a metric dimension of 4 feet x 8 feet.
  • the thickness of the plies varies depending on the panel thickness.
  • Plywood is one of the versatile wood products that can be applied in many applications. Because of woods and logs from natural forest are becoming scarce and costly, many of the plywood plants had to- terminate their production. Since the surface veneers (face veneers and back veneers) of a plywood are traditionally constructed by veneers with longitudinal grains, a timber log with a length greater than 8 feet is usually required in the manufacturing of plywood. However, as more and more rainforest is destroyed to meet the demands of the developed world's wood industry, long timber log with large diameter is more difficult to obtain. Therefore, a solution to this problem is a necessary.
  • U. K. Patent No. GB541945 to Henry Kremer discloses a method of joining small pieces of veneers edge to edge by placing over the joint a binding strip that is impregnated with an adhesive.
  • the binding strip may , have a paper base and may be cut from the binding sheets as used for binding together the superimposed veneers in making plywood.
  • the binding strip is assembled at an intermediate position in the thickness of the stack and secured together with the veneers by heating.
  • the joining methods as described by the prior arts are generally more complicated and the joining process usually involves small veneer pieces that are too short for any desired lengths of plywood product.
  • Long timber tog with a length greater than 8 feet is still required as the raw material in plywood manufacture and large rotary lathe with the width greater than 8 feet is still required to peel veneers to obtain a sufficient width for producing plywood of standard sizes.
  • the primary object of the invention is to innovate a new structure of plywood where small pieces of short grain veneer obtained from timber logs less than 5 feet can be utilized to form plywood of standard sizes by overlapped joints.
  • Another object of the invention is to develop a method of manufacturing plywood which is more cost-saving and requires lower management intensity since only timber logs less than 5 feet is utilized in the plywood manufacture.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to cope with the shortage of rainforest timber logs as the raw materials for woodworking industry since the present invention mainly employ the short timber logs obtained from the plantation woods.
  • At least one of the preceding objects is met, in whole or in part, by the present invention, in which one of the embodiments of the present invention describes a plywood comprising surface veneers laminated on a core structure in a cross-banding way; wherein the surface veneers are of short grain (54) or of long grain (51) formed by joining a plurality of short grain veneers with an adhesive.
  • Anotner embodimeni of the invention is a method oi manurac ⁇ uring plywood comprising: a) joining a plurality of short grain veneers to form surface veneers (51 , 54); b) laminating the surface veneers (51, 54) on at least one surface of a core structure with an adhesive to form a veneer stack; and c) pressing the veneer stack to form the plywood.
  • the present invention provides a plywood which is mainly made from short timber logs of plantation woods wherein the wood veneers are joined together to form surface veneers of a plywood without sacrificing its strength, stability and durability.
  • the manufacturing method of plywood is lower in production cost, requires lower management intensity, and helps conserving the rainforest.
  • Figure 1 is the perspective view of a 3-ply plywood with long grain surface veneers (51).
  • Figure 2 is the perspective view of a 3-ply plywood with short grain surface veneers (53. 54).
  • Figure 3 is the perspective view of a 5-ply plywood with long grain surface veneers (51).
  • Figure 4 is the perspective view of a 5-ply plywood with short grain surface veneers (53, 54).
  • Figure 5 is the cross-sectional view of a 3-ply plywood shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 6 is the cross-sectional view of a 3-ply plywood shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 7 is the cross-sectional view of a 5-ply plywood shown in Figure 3.
  • Figure 8 is the cross-sectional view of a 5-ply plywood shown in Figure 4.
  • the present invention relates to a plywood and a method of manufacturing thereof.
  • the present invention relates to an innovative plywood and the technique of manufacturing thereof whereby the short grain veneers are joined together by overlapping in building up of long grain veneers to form the surface veneers of a plywood.
  • the present invention discloses a plywood comprising surface veneers laminated on a core structure in a cross-banding way; wherein the surface veneers are of short grain (54) or of long grain (51) formed by joining a plurality of short grain veneers with an adhesive.
  • the plywood consists of two different types of veneers.
  • the first type is thin veneers with a thickness ranged from 0.30mm to 1.50mm.
  • the second type is thick veneers with a thickness ranged from 1.00mm to 4.00mm.
  • the thin veneers are used as surface veneers (51, 53. 54) whereas the thick veneers are used as core veneers (52).
  • long grain veneers (51) are traditionally used as the surface veneers of a plywood especially when plywood is applied in the manufacturing process of furniture.
  • the surface veneers with long grain (51) are obtained from joining a plurality of short grain veneers with an adhesive.
  • the plurality of short grain veneers are joined by overlapping one veneer sheet on another.
  • the overlapping zone is in a length range from lmm to 100mm. According to the preferred embodiment, the overlapping zone is preferably to be 3mm.
  • short grain surface veneers (54), as illustrated by Figure 2 and 4 can also be produced as this innovative type of plywood may be useful in other applications.
  • FIG 2 shows one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, whereby the surface veneers are devided into face veneers (53) which serve as the external surface and back veneers (54) which serve as internal surface when plywood is used for construction. Therefore, veneers with grains of finer texture, better appearance and minimum defect are usually selected as face veneers (53).
  • the surface veneers are laminated on a core structure in cross-banding way in which the grain of each ply of veneers differs from its neighbours' by 90°.
  • the core structure of the plywood comprises 1 to 13 plies of core veneers (52).
  • the core veneers (52) are full sheets or one-piece short grain veneers, as shown in Figure 1 , or joined short grain veneers, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the short grain core veneers (52) are joined by bevel joints, edge joints or any combination thereof.
  • the joints between the pieces of veneers are secured by the application of an adhesive.
  • the adhesive is preferably to be urea-formaldehyde resins (UF), melamine- formaldehyde resins (MF), phenol-formaldehyde resins (PF) or methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI).
  • the adhesive used is urea-formaldehyde resins (UF).
  • the core veneers (52) and surface veneers (51, 53, 54) are also adhered together by using the same types of adhesive.
  • the plywood is manufactured in odd number of plies. According to the preferred embodiment, it is usually manufactured in 3-ply, 5-ply, 7-ply, 9-ply, 1 1 -ply, 13-ply or 15-ply. The most preferred types are 3-ply and 5-ply. as illustrated in any one of the Figures 1 to 8.
  • the timber logs are preferably obtained from the plantation softwoods such as Paraserian ⁇ hes falcataria. Gmelina arborea, Hevea brasiliensis or Anthocephalus cadamba. In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the timber logs are obtained from the wood of Paraserianthes falcataria. This species is preferably selected for the present invention because it requires a short period of growth. It can give a timber log with a diameter of approximately 250mm in 5 years.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a method of manufacturing plywood comprising: a) joining a plurality of short grain veneers to form surface veneers (51 , 54); b) laminating the surface veneers (51. 54) on at least one surface of a core structure with an adhesive to form a veneer stack; and c) pressing the veneer stack to form the plywood.
  • the timber logs for the making of wood veneers are selected from the plantation softwood based on the trunk straightness and uniformity of diameter between its bottom and its top end. Since this invention employs veneers of short grain, the short timber logs less than 5 feet in length can be utilized. According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the short grain veneers are obtained by longitudinally peeling veneer logs by using a 5-feet rotary lathe. The veneers are then dried in a dryer at a temperature range from 100°C to 150°C until its moisture content is below 14%.
  • the manufacturing method of plywood of the present invention is initiated by joining a plurality of short grain veneers to form surface veneers (51, 54).
  • the plurality of short grain veneers can be joined .to form either short grain surface veneers (54) or long grain surface veneer (51).
  • Figure 2 to form a joined short grain surface veneers (54), the plurality of short grain veneers are joined together by overlapping one short grain veneer on another with the grain aligned in parallel.
  • Figure 1 shows a method of forming a joined long grain surface veneers (51), whereby the plurality of short grain veneers are joined together by overlapping one short grain veneer on another with the grain aligned end to end.
  • the overlapping zone is in a length range from lmm to 100mm. According to the preferred embodiment the overlapping zone is preferably to be 3mm.
  • the joint of a joined face veneer should be located at a different position from the joint of the joined back veneer of a plywood, as shown m Figure 5 and 7.
  • the position of the joints of these surface veneers should differ in a range of at least 10mm, preferably more than 20mm. This design is essential to produce a plywood that is structurally stronger and having a smoother surface after sanding since this design balance up the tensions between the surface veneers.
  • the surface veneers are laminated on at least one surface of a core structure with an adhesive to form a veneer stack.
  • Adhesive materials are applied on the dried veneers before. the laminating step.
  • the adhesive is preferably to be melamine-formaldehyde resins (MF), urea-formaldehyde resins (UF), phenol-formaldehyde resins (PF) or methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI).
  • the adhesive used is urea-formaldehyde resins (UF).
  • the core structure can comprise 1 to 13 plies of core veneers (52) according to the applications of the plywood. Therefore, the method of the present invention further comprises a step of adhering and pressing 1 to 13 plies of veneer by cross-banding to form the core structure before the laminating step.
  • Cross-banding is the common technique used in plywood manufacture wherein the plies of veneer are bonded face to face with the grain running in alternate directions such that each ply's grain differs from its neighbours' by 90°.
  • the glued veneer stack is subjected- to a pressing step to form a plywood with longitudinal grain.
  • the pressing step preferably includes a cold pressing process and followed by a hot pressing process.
  • the cold pressing process is carried out at room temperature and by mechanical (screw type) or hydraulic presses.
  • the purposes of cold pressing process are to make the adhesive evenly spread on the surface of the veneers and penetrate into the veneers as well as to hold the veneer together to form pre-bonded panel for easing the handling of hot pressing process.
  • Hot pressing process cures the adhesive and holds the veneer permanently.
  • the temperature applied for the hot pressing process is between 100°C to 120°C with the pressure ransed from 7k ⁇ /c ⁇ r to 1 Oka' cm 2 .
  • the plywood manufactured is subjected to a sizing process after the pressing processes.
  • the plywood is cut into standard sizes according to demands.
  • /the plywood is further sent for a sanding process to obtain a final product.
  • the edges of the final product can be sealed i' / to prevent any damage or alteration of its moisture content by humidity.
  • the plywood manutfactured can be sent for refinishing process depending ⁇ the market for which if i& intended.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un contreplaqué constitué de couches de placage superficielles lamellées sur une structure centrale de manière transversale; les couches de placage superficielles sont composées de fil tranché (54) ou fil en long (51) et obtenues par assemblage d'une pluralité de couches de placage à fil tranché par adhésif. Un autre mode de réalisation de la présente invention porte sur un procédé de fabrication du contreplaqué qui consiste : a) à joindre une pluralité de couches de placage à fil tranché afin d'obtenir un placage superficiel (51, 54); b) à appliquer par stratification les placages superficiels (51, 54) sur au moins l'une des surfaces d'une structure centrale avec un adhésif pour former un empilement de couches de placage; et enfin, c) à comprimer l'empilement des couches de placage pour former un contreplaqué.
PCT/MY2007/000086 2007-08-09 2007-11-28 Contreplaqué à fil tranché et son procédé de fabrication WO2009020379A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MYPI20071325A MY166028A (en) 2007-08-09 2007-08-09 Short grain plywood and method of manufacturing thereof
MYPI20071325 2007-08-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009020379A1 true WO2009020379A1 (fr) 2009-02-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/MY2007/000086 WO2009020379A1 (fr) 2007-08-09 2007-11-28 Contreplaqué à fil tranché et son procédé de fabrication

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MY (1) MY166028A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009020379A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011076855A1 (fr) * 2009-12-23 2011-06-30 Padana Ag Feuille de placage assemblée
CN106078944A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2016-11-09 梁贤录 一种舞台木龙骨及其制备方法
CN106223571A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2016-12-14 梁贤录 一种舞台木地板及其制备方法
CN106239682A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2016-12-21 梁贤录 一种硬化舞台地板及其制备方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB291794A (en) * 1927-06-10 1929-01-17 Leo Michael Cohn Wegner A method of joining pieces of veneer and of wood of any thickness in the direction of the grain
GB541945A (en) * 1940-06-17 1941-12-18 Henry Kremer Improvements in the joining together of veneers in forming larger veneers to be usedin plywood manufacture
US3686061A (en) * 1970-10-12 1972-08-22 West Coast Adhesives Co Method for producing elongated plywood panels
JPS55123402A (en) * 1979-03-15 1980-09-22 Taihei Seisakusho Kk Method of obtaining veneer laminate from short wood
JPS58181603A (ja) * 1982-04-16 1983-10-24 北海道 中小径丸太及び短尺丸太からｌｖｌの製造方法
US4640857A (en) * 1982-01-30 1987-02-03 Meinan Machinery Works, Inc. Plywood
US6162312A (en) * 1999-01-19 2000-12-19 Abney; Dennis R. Method of making a resin impregnated composite wood product from waste, scrap, and used wood

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB291794A (en) * 1927-06-10 1929-01-17 Leo Michael Cohn Wegner A method of joining pieces of veneer and of wood of any thickness in the direction of the grain
GB541945A (en) * 1940-06-17 1941-12-18 Henry Kremer Improvements in the joining together of veneers in forming larger veneers to be usedin plywood manufacture
US3686061A (en) * 1970-10-12 1972-08-22 West Coast Adhesives Co Method for producing elongated plywood panels
JPS55123402A (en) * 1979-03-15 1980-09-22 Taihei Seisakusho Kk Method of obtaining veneer laminate from short wood
US4640857A (en) * 1982-01-30 1987-02-03 Meinan Machinery Works, Inc. Plywood
JPS58181603A (ja) * 1982-04-16 1983-10-24 北海道 中小径丸太及び短尺丸太からｌｖｌの製造方法
US6162312A (en) * 1999-01-19 2000-12-19 Abney; Dennis R. Method of making a resin impregnated composite wood product from waste, scrap, and used wood

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011076855A1 (fr) * 2009-12-23 2011-06-30 Padana Ag Feuille de placage assemblée
CN106078944A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2016-11-09 梁贤录 一种舞台木龙骨及其制备方法
CN106223571A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2016-12-14 梁贤录 一种舞台木地板及其制备方法
CN106239682A (zh) * 2016-08-10 2016-12-21 梁贤录 一种硬化舞台地板及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MY166028A (en) 2018-05-21

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