WO2009015630A2

WO2009015630A2 - Tube radiator

Info

Publication number: WO2009015630A2
Application number: PCT/DE2008/001140
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christian Folger
Original assignee: Kermi Gmbh
Priority date: 2007-07-31
Filing date: 2008-07-10
Publication date: 2009-02-05
Also published as: DE102007035817A1; DE102007035817B4; WO2009015630A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a tube radiator (1) comprising two or more tubular heating elements (5) being disposed in rows behind one another, through which a heating medium can flow that can be fed to a supply connection of the tube radiator (1) and be discharged from a return connection of the tube radiator (1). According to the invention, the two or more rows of heating elements (5) are divided into two or more groups of heating elements (5), wherein a group of heating elements (5) each encompasses one or more heating elements (5) of a row of heating elements (5) or one or more heating elements (5) of a respective plurality of adjacent rows of heating elements (5). The heating elements (5) of respective adjacent groups of heating elements (5) are each, at one end thereof, connected to respectively one connecting collector unit (106). The ends of the front group of heating elements (5), which are not connected to a connecting collector unit (106), are connected to a supply collecting unit (104), which comprises a supply connection, in such a manner that each heating element (5) fluidically communicates with the supply collecting unit (104) while the ends of the rear group of heating elements (5), which are not connected to a connecting collector unit (106), are connected to a return collecting unit (108), which comprises the return connection, in such a manner that each heating element (5) fluidically communicates with the return collecting unit (108).

Description

tubular radiator

The invention relates to a tube radiator having the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.

Tube radiators usually consist of several layers of heating elements designed as heating tubes, which are mechanically and fluidically connected at their end regions via a collecting chamber. In such tubular radiators, the heating tubes which are arranged one behind the other in the individual layers, usually in alignment with the associated partial collecting chambers, form heating element elements which are connected via hub-like connecting regions to a respective adjacent heating element. In this way tube radiators of different widths can be produced in a simple manner. The flow connection and the return connection are usually provided on the outer sides of the respective outer radiator elements. In this case, the flow connection and the return connection can be provided on the same side of the radiator top and bottom or on the opposite sides respectively top and bottom.

The hub-like connection regions of the individual radiator elements usually have an opening, so that the individual radiator elements or the part leading the heating medium collecting chambers and the heating tubes are fluidically connected.

The term "connect fluidically" is understood in the following as a delimitation to a purely mechanical connection, which is merely to express that the heating medium is connected by a fluidic connection with the adjacent heating medium, but not necessarily a flow through the relevant fluidic Connection must be made.

In known tube radiators, the flow through the plurality of layers of heating tubes usually takes place in each case in the same direction, for example in vertically arranged Heating tubes either in a flow direction from bottom to top or top to bottom, depending on the arrangement of flow and return port.

In practice, however, it has been found that a radiator creates greater comfort and the heat losses to the outer wall to which the radiator is mounted, are lower, if at a given heat output, the directed into the room front of the radiator has a higher temperature than the outer wall facing back.

This principle is known, for example, from EP 0 890 800 B1, which relates to a single- or multi-row radiator having at least two differently designed sections, the heating section directed into the room being in the form of a heating plate. The flow connection is arranged on the heating plate directed into the room either at the top or bottom on one side. The supplied heating medium flows through first the front heating plate and only then provided behind it or the several further heating sections provided behind it. The front heating plate and the one or more heating sections provided behind are connected only by a connecting line on the side of the radiator opposite the flow connection.

In this way it is achieved that first of all the heating plate directed into the space is flowed through by the heating medium, so that this heating plate has a higher temperature and a higher proportion of radiation than the further or the further heating sections.

The invention is based on this prior art, the object to provide a radiator with at least two layers of heating elements, in particular a Röhrenradiator, which emits a higher radiation power at its front than at its inner layers of heating elements and which this goal by a achieved simple and inexpensive construction.

The invention solves this problem with the features of patent claim 1. The invention is based on the recognition that the principle described in EP 0 890 800 Bl for generating a higher radiant power in radiators, which have a heating plate and a further heating section arranged behind it at least on its front side, can also be transmitted to tube radiators, which at least two layers of heating elements, each layer of heating elements also comprises at least two juxtaposed heating elements.

According to the invention, the two or more rows of heating elements of the radiator are divided into two or more groups of heating elements, one group of heating elements each comprising one or more heating elements of a series of heating elements or one or more heating elements of each of a plurality of adjacent rows of heating elements. The heating elements of respective adjacent groups of heating elements are connected at each one end of the heating elements to a connection collecting unit such that each heating element is in fluid communication with the respective connection collecting unit and that the fluidic paths of the heating elements of the respectively adjacent groups of heating elements the fluidic path in the heating elements of the adjacent groups of heating elements having an opposite direction of flow for the heating medium and wherein the fluidic path in heating elements within a group of heating elements has a rectified flow direction for the heating medium. The ends of the foremost group of heating elements not connected to a connection collecting unit are connected to a supply line having the flow connection, such that each heating element is in fluid communication with the flow collection unit, and the ends not connected to a connection collecting unit The rearmost group of heating elements are connected to a return connection unit having the return connection in such a way that each heating element is in fluid communication with the return collection unit.

In this way results in a very simple structural design of the radiator, wherein the individual, adjacent groups of adjacent rows of heating elements are connected in fluidic series. According to one embodiment of the invention, the heating elements can be arranged substantially vertically. As a result, it is possible in particular to use flow and connection collecting units which have a common cavity for all of the heating elements assigned to them without fluidic forced guidance having to be generated by fluidic separations within the cavity or by forming the respective collection unit from individual fluidically separated housing elements in order to allow at least a relatively uniform heating of the (in the width of the radiator seen) juxtaposed heating elements of the radiator.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the heating elements of the individual rows of heating elements are each arranged side by side in each case in one plane. This results in a simple geometry of the flow, return and the one or more connecting units and thus a simple and inexpensive production of the radiator.

The same applies to the case that the heating elements of the individual rows of heating elements, viewed perpendicular to the planes, are arranged in alignment one behind the other.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the connection-collecting unit and / or the flow-collecting unit and / or the return-collecting unit may be formed as a closed housing, which is mechanically and fluidly connected to the respective heating elements. This results in a simple and cost-effective structural design.

However, the connection collecting unit and / or the flow collection unit and / or the return collection unit may also be formed of a plurality of housing elements, wherein the housing elements in the extension direction of the rows of heating elements with each other, preferably hub-like, are connected and wherein each housing element with one or more heating elements is connected. This allows a radiator (seen in its width) composed of any number of radiator elements. If radiators of different widths are to be produced, this can reduce the required number of different individual parts. As already mentioned above, in each case adjacent housing elements of flow, return and connection collecting units can be fluidly connected. Even in cases where a fluidic connection would not be required, thereby a venting of the radiator is facilitated if in a vertically upstanding area of a collection unit, a vent valve is provided.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the flow collection unit is connected to an upper end of the heating elements of the respective group of heating elements and the return collection unit to a lower end of the heating elements of the relevant group of heating elements. This results in a fluidically favorable variant in which supply and return connections are supported by the convection of the heating medium in an advantageous manner supported positions. ^•

According to one embodiment of the invention, the one or more groups of heating elements whose fluidic path has a vertically upward flow direction comprise only a single row of heating elements. Because in such heating elements, the heating medium will rise relatively quickly as a result of convection, even if the flow rate of the heating medium supplied to the radiator is relatively low. Here, a convection flow forms within a heating element, which causes warm heating medium to rise relatively quickly and cooler heating medium to flow in from top to bottom. As a result, the warm heating medium is relatively quickly removed from the upper portion of the heating element and pressed into the next group of (rows of) heating elements. Since here the flow direction again runs antiparallel and in this case substantially no convection occurs within the heating element, the temperatures of the walls of the heating elements in two such successively flowing heating elements are not very different, since the energy output in the upflowing heating elements is significantly lower than in the downwardly flowing heating elements (here, the direction of flow mean the mean flow direction). Therefore, if in adjacent groups of (rows of) heating elements from the (room side) front to the back of the radiator, a gradation of the temperature of the heating elements are achieved, it may be useful to those groups of heating elements, which are flowed upwards, only a few, for example form with only a single row of heating elements. The assembly of a radiator according to the invention with a predetermined number of rows of heating elements and groups of heating elements can be made of only a few standard components. The flow, return and connection collection units can - regardless of whether they are composed in the width of the radiator of a plurality of housing elements - be constructed substantially identical. For example, in the sense of a modular system, only a few different collection units may be provided, for example for connection to one to six of heating elements. When used as a connection collecting unit, the number N of rows of heating medium supplying heating elements and the number of rows of heating medium discharging heating mediums can be arbitrarily set between one and NI, the sum of rows of the total number being, of course, equal to N is. When used as a flow or return collection unit, of course, only heating medium supplying or discharging rows of heating elements must be considered. Furthermore, a flow or return connection must be provided. If the standard collection units are generally provided with one or more connection openings (for example on the left and right end sides), then a multiplicity of different radiators with N different collection units (which can be used as supply, return or connection collection units) can be realized. The heating elements can be designed to be identical in particular for this purpose. Radiators with different heights can be produced using (in cross-section for example identical) heating elements with a few different standard lengths, of course (preferably a few) in cross-section different types of heating elements for the production of radiators with different designs are possible.

The collection units may be formed in cross-section, for example, D-shaped, wherein on the substantially flat side openings for connection of heating elements (for example, by welding, press-fitting, gluing or the like) are provided.

Instead of collecting units of different lengths for the production of radiators corresponding width, these, as already stated above, also from several Housing elements are assembled. In this case, each housing element can be formed in each case only one single opening for connection to only one single heating element per row of heating elements. As a result, radiator elements can be generated, which are then connected to each other for the production of radiators with a certain width or with a certain number of heating elements per row of heating elements. For this purpose, the housing elements may have coupling regions which, at least in the case of housing elements which are connected to flow or return collection units, serve for the mechanical and fluidic connection of the housing elements. In the case of housing elements which serve to realize connection collecting units, a fluidic connection is not absolutely necessary, but makes sense for ventilating the radiator at least at connection collecting units in upper regions of the radiator.

Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures shown in the drawing. In the drawing show

1 shows a tube radiator of known type in a perspective view;

2 shows a schematic side view perpendicular to the width of a radiator according to the invention, each having a row of heating elements per group of five meandering groups of heating elements;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 of a radiator with two groups of heating elements with a total of five rows of heating elements.

4 shows a representation similar to FIG. 2 of a radiator with a total of six rows of heating elements, wherein groups of two rows of heating elements are connected in a meandering manner; 5 is a perspective view of a radiator according to the schematic illustration in FIG. 4 with articulated flow, return and connection collection units; FIG.

6 is a perspective view of the radiator according to the schematic illustration in FIG. 4 with non-articulated flow, return and connection collection units;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 2 of a radiator with six rows of heating elements, wherein two groups of three rows of heating elements are formed.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a known Röhrenradiators 1, which, seen in the width of the radiator, is composed of five individual radiator elements Ia. For this purpose, the radiator elements 1a have in each case an upper and lower region a hub-shaped connecting region 3, wherein the connecting regions are tightly closed at the outer end faces of the tube radiator 1. The mutually coupled connection regions 3 are connected both mechanically and fluidically or fluidically, so that the heating medium supplied via a feed connection, not shown, symbolized by the arrow V, in the upper region of the radiator elements Ia each of the individual radiator elements Ia can be supplied. The heating medium is pressed down by the tubular heating regions or heating elements 5 of each radiator element Ia corresponding to the flow rate of the flow V and passes through the flow-technically or fluidly connected connection areas 3 of the radiator elements Ia to a return port, not shown, wherein the heat medium discharged via this symbolized by the arrow R.

The tube radiator 1 is mounted by means of fastening elements 7, for example, on a wall, not shown, preferably an outer wall of a room.

As already stated above, it is desirable to increase the well-being of persons in the room to be heated and to reduce heat losses through the wall of the room, the front side, ie the room-side outside of the radiator 1 home. To be left as the back of the radiator. This can be achieved by flowing the heating elements 5 of the front row of heating elements as the first heating medium fed in accordance with the arrow V and only then supplying the heating medium to the middle row and / or the rearmost row of heating elements 5.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a radiator 100 in a schematic side view, wherein a first row of heating elements 102 via a flow collection unit 104, the heating medium is supplied via a flow connection, not shown. This is shown schematically again by means of the arrow V.

The flow collection unit 104 consists in the illustrated embodiment of a tube which is connected to the likewise tubular heating elements 102. The bonding can be done by welding or the like.

Via the heating elements 102 of the first and foremost row of heating elements, the heating medium is guided downwards in the direction of a first connection collecting unit 106. The collection unit 106 is D-shaped in cross-section and has a semi-finished, d. H. prior to assembly of the radiator 100, two rows of apertures are connected to the respective ends of the foremost (room side) row of heating elements 102 and another row of heating elements 102 arranged behind it. In this second row of heating elements 102, the heating medium is directed upwards in the direction of a second connection collecting unit 106. This is preferably identical to the first connection collecting unit 106.

Analogously, the tube radiator 100 according to FIG. 2 has a third, fourth and fifth row of heating elements 102, in each case adjacent rows of heating elements 102 being connected in fluid communication via a connection collecting unit 106. This results in a meandering course of the heating medium in the successive rows of heating elements 102nd Since each heating element of the first row is supplied via the flow collection unit 104 substantially heating medium of the same temperature, the individual heating elements 102 of each of the successive rows of heating elements with each other at substantially the same temperature. Since a certain amount of heat is emitted in each row of heating elements 102, the temperature of the heating elements 102 of the rows of heating elements arranged one behind the other is reduced stepwise.

The lower ends of the rearmost row of heating elements 102 are connected to a return collection unit 108, which is identical to the flow collection unit 104 in the embodiment shown in FIG. At the return port (not shown) of the return collection unit 108, the heating medium is discharged. This is shown schematically by the arrow R, wherein the return port can of course be provided at any position of the return collection unit 108, such as at the outer end portions or in the region of the center of the return collection unit 108 (so-called center port).

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 2 in that the lead collection unit 104 is provided in a lower region of the tube radiator 100. Further, two rows of heating elements 102 are connected to the lead collection unit 104 in the embodiment of FIG. 3. The upper ends of these two first rows of heating elements 102 are connected via a connection collecting unit 106 to three further rows of heating elements 102, which, after their upward movement in the first two rows, guide the heating medium downwards towards a return collection unit 108.

This return collection unit 108 is configured such that it can be connected to three rows of heating elements 102.

The embodiment of a tube radiator 100 shown in FIG. 4 also has a flow collection unit 104, which is connected to two rows of preheating elements 102 through which the heating medium flows downwards. The heating medium is supplied to a first connection collecting unit 106, which is provided with two further rows of heating elements. elements 102 is connected. In these, the heating medium is guided upward to another connection collecting unit 106. This is in turn connected to two further rows of heating elements 102, which guide the heating medium in the direction of a return collecting unit 108. For producing this tube radiator, only three different types of semi-finished products are required, namely respectively identically formed flow and return collection units 104, 108 and two identically designed connection collection units 106 and tubular heating elements 102 having a predetermined length.

As already stated above, the flow collection unit 104, the return collection unit 108 and the connection collection units 106 can both be formed integrally with a corresponding housing, as well as in the form of a plurality of interconnected housing elements (articulated collection units 104, 106, 108). , which are, for example, hub-like connected to each other at the opposite ends. In this way, individual radiator elements can be produced, which can be connected in virtually any number to a total Röhrenradiator 1.

5 shows an embodiment of a tube radiator 100 with the flow path shown schematically in FIG. 4, wherein the flow collecting unit 104, the two connection collecting units 106 and the return collecting unit 108 are formed in a structured manner. The individual elements or members of the collection units are designated 104a, 106a and 108a, respectively. The members 104a, 106a, and 108a of the lead collection unit 104, the connection collection units 106, and the return collection unit 108 are each connected in a hub-like manner at respective connection portions. While the elements 104a and 108a of the header collection unit 104 and the return collection unit 108 must necessarily be connected to one another in order to supply the heating medium to each heating element 102 of the two foremost rows or to be able to discharge it from each heating element 102 of the two rear rows the members 106a of the connection collecting units 106 are also fluidly separated from each other. Because the members 106 each have only one fluidic connection of the respective groups of heating elements 102 (here: each two consecutively arranged heating elements 102 with the two heating elements 102 arranged behind it). The flow is in the embodiment provided according to Fig. 5 at the left upper side. The return is located on the same side at the bottom left. Flow and return are indicated in each case by the relevant arrows. At these positions (not shown) flow and return connections are provided.

The variant of a radiator 100 shown in FIG. 6 is again based on the diagram shown in FIG. 4, but here the collection units 104, 106 and 108 consist of a single housing, on which in the flow collection unit a (not shown) Vor- run connection and the return collection unit (not shown) return connection is provided. The collecting units thus also establish a fluidic connection with all the relevant heating elements 102 in the case of the connection collecting units 106. This embodiment thus has simpler collection units, however, radiators of different widths can not be made with the flexibility as in the embodiment of FIG. 5.

The variants shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 for the collecting units 104, 106 and 108 can, of course, also generally be used with all other variants of radiators which each consist of groups of heating elements 102. The members 104a, 106a and 108a can also be provided so that they also connect a plurality of juxtaposed heating elements. This can achieve a different look. In addition, the manufacturing costs can be reduced, but the flexibility in the production of radiators of different widths is reduced.

Although the variant of a tube radiator 100 shown in FIG. 7 likewise has six rows of heating elements 102 arranged one behind the other, as in the variant shown in FIG. 4, these are combined into two groups of rows. The first group of rows of heating elements 102 is supplied with heating medium at an upper end via a flow collection unit 104. The heating medium flows through the heating elements 102 of the first group downwards in the direction of a connection collecting unit 106 and is supplied by this the second group of heating elements 102, which also consists of three rows of heating elements 102. These are connected at their upper end with a return collection unit 108, from which the heating medium is discharged. Of course, according to the principle illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 7, the meandering series connection of groups of heating elements 102 arranged one behind the other can realize any further variants. These differ, in particular, in the position of the flow and return collection units 104, 108, which in the case of an even number of groups of heating elements 102, either both at the same end portion of the heating elements 102 (for example, up or down with a vertical arrangement of the heating elements 102) or are arranged at an odd number of groups at opposite ends of the heating elements 102. In the latter case, either the flow collection unit 104 or the return collection unit 108 may be provided at vertical heating elements 102 at the upper end portion of the heating elements 102. For flow reasons (convection) in this case it is advantageous for vertically arranged heating elements 102 to provide the flow collection unit 104 at the room-side upper end of the foremost group of heating elements 102 and the return collection unit 108 at the lower end of the rearmost group of heating elements 102 ,

Claims

claims

1. tube radiator with two or more rows of tubular heating elements (102) arranged one behind the other, through which a heating medium can be fed, which can be supplied to a flow connection of the tube radiator (1) and can be discharged from a return connection of the tube radiator (1),

characterized,

(a) that the two or more rows of heating elements (102) arranged one behind the other are divided into two or more groups of heating elements (102) arranged one behind the other, one group of heating elements (102) each having one or more heating elements (102) of a row of heating elements (102) Heating elements (102) or in each case one or more heating elements (102) of a respective plurality of adjacent rows of heating elements (102),

(b) that the heating elements (102) of respectively adjacent, successive groups of heating elements (102) are respectively connected at each end of the heating elements (102) to a respective connection collecting unit (106)

(i) that each heating element (102) is in fluid communication with the respective connection collecting unit (106) and

(ii) that the fluidic paths of the heating elements (102) of the respective adjacent, successive groups of heating elements (102) are connected in series by means of the respective connection collection unit (106), wherein the fluidic path in the heating elements (102) of the adjacent Groups of heating elements has an opposite direction of flow for the heating medium, and wherein the fluidic path in heating elements (102) within a group of heating elements (102) has a rectified flow direction for the heating medium, (c) that the ends of the foremost group of heating elements (102) not connected to a connection collection unit (106) are connected to a flow collection manifold (104) such that each heating element (102) is in fluid communication with the flow collection unit (104), and

(d) the ends of the rearmost group of heating elements (102) not connected to a connection collection unit (106) are connected to a return collection unit (108) having the return connection such that each heating element (102) is in fluid communication with the return collection unit (108) is.

2. tube radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating elements (102) are arranged substantially vertically.

3. tube radiator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating elements (102) of the individual rows of heating elements (102) are each arranged side by side in each case one plane.

4. tube radiator according to claim 3, characterized in that the heating elements (102) of the individual rows of heating elements, viewed perpendicular to the planes, are arranged in alignment one behind the other.

5. tube radiator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection-collecting unit (106) and / or the flow collection unit (104) and / or the return collection unit (108) are formed as a closed housing, which mechanically and fluidly is connected to the respective heating elements (102).

6. tube radiator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection-collecting unit (106) and / or the flow collection unit (104) and / or the return collection unit (108) are formed of a plurality of housing elements, wherein the Housing elements in the extension direction of the rows of heating elements (102) with each other, preferably hub-like, connected wherein each housing member is connected to one or more heating elements (102).

7. tube radiator according to claim 6, characterized in that each adjacent housing elements are fluidly connected.

8. tube radiator according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that each housing element with only a single heating element (102) per row of heating elements (102) is connected.

9. tube radiator according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the flow collection unit (104) is connected to an upper end of the heating elements (102) of the respective group of heating elements (102).

10. tube radiator according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the return-collecting unit (108) with. a lower end of the heating elements (102) of the respective group of heating elements (102) is connected.

11. tube radiator according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the one or more groups of heating elements whose fluidic path has a vertically upward flow direction, only a single row of heating elements (102).

12. tube radiator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating elements (102) are rectilinear, preferably as round tubes.