WO2009003313A1 - Plaque réfléchissante à microprismes pour rayonnement solaire - Google Patents

Plaque réfléchissante à microprismes pour rayonnement solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009003313A1
WO2009003313A1 PCT/CN2007/002052 CN2007002052W WO2009003313A1 WO 2009003313 A1 WO2009003313 A1 WO 2009003313A1 CN 2007002052 W CN2007002052 W CN 2007002052W WO 2009003313 A1 WO2009003313 A1 WO 2009003313A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reflector
angle
prism
dial
parallel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/002052
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dingguo Pan
Original Assignee
Dingguo Pan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dingguo Pan filed Critical Dingguo Pan
Priority to PCT/CN2007/002052 priority Critical patent/WO2009003313A1/zh
Publication of WO2009003313A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009003313A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
    • G02B5/122—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type
    • G02B5/124—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary plate or sheet
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/002—Refractors for light sources using microoptical elements for redirecting or diffusing light

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a solar reflector, and more particularly to a miniature prism solar reflector having a reflective, refractive, lamp body and a lamp and shutter made therefrom. Background technique
  • human building energy consumption accounts for 60% of the total energy consumption. Therefore, the structure and the form of the facade and the rationality of the building can determine the energy consumption of the building. How many. As some national energy conservation regulations point out, it is necessary to control the overall actual raw energy consumption of the building, that is, to control the external input energy of the building, and to control the use of different types of energy, so as to control the overall energy consumption of the society.
  • the form of the facade of a human building largely determines the energy consumption of the building.
  • the present inventors hereby introduce a miniature right-angle prism reflector having a change in sectional area of light reflection, refraction, and LED illumination, and a lamp and a louver made thereof, which can realize combined prism plate reflection, prism plate refraction or prism plate LED illumination. Better energy efficient use of combined sunlight. Summary of the invention
  • Another object of the invention is when it is at night or when illumination is required.
  • Light up with a right angle prism The combination of LEDs, bulbs or electrode tubes on both sides of the ribs, so that the right-angle prism plate becomes a luminescent plate, and the entire window is a large illuminating plate that can illuminate the room.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to bend a cylindrical lamp on the basis of the above-mentioned reflector, on which a lamp body can be mounted, and to be a combined reflection and illumination lamp having, for example, a light emitting diode, a bulb or an electrode tube.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to make a louver that uses a micro-pillar that acts as a prism to reflect all of the direct sunlight, and that the diffused light from the clouds and the air can all enter the room.
  • the prism sheet faces upward, the sun shines on the window, and all of the sunlight can be refracted into the chamber.
  • micro-prism solar reflector of the present invention having a reflective, refractive, and lamp body, wherein a plurality of parallel strips are disposed on each of the left and right sides of the surface of the reflector from a plane of symmetry.
  • the micro-column prism body, the cross-section of each micro-column prism body is an unequal right-angled triangle, the apex angle is 90 degrees, and the left and right unequal-angled right triangles adjacent to the symmetry center plane have the largest cross-sectional area, facing
  • the cross-sectional areas of the left and right free ends are in a zigzag decreasing order, and the angle between the adjacent two micro-column prism bodies is also a right angle.
  • the reflector has the longest side of the two right-angle prisms on both sides of the central plane, and is extended from the right and left prisms adjacent to the center plane, and the bottom edges of the right-angled triangles are sequentially arranged. Decreasing one by one, and the right-angled sides of the two right-angle prisms farthest from the center plane are upwardly extended to intersect the other surface of the reflector and form two inclined end faces having large right-angle prism-shaped end sides, the inclined end faces and reflective The other surface of the plate forms an angle, The angle is 45 degrees.
  • the reflector as described above further comprising a plurality of lamp bodies, wherein the opposite ends of the reflector are provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed blind holes, and the lamp bodies are each mounted in the blind holes.
  • the lamp body is an LED diode, a bulb or an electrode tube whose emission center axis is parallel to the plane of the reflector, and the center axis just passes through the apex of the apex angle of the symmetrical center prism.
  • the lamp body is prefabricated as a light-emitting diode lamp assembly, and is encapsulated on an end surface of one or both ends of the reflector parallel to the micro prism prism body by injection molding.
  • the retroreflective sheeting as described above further comprising a plurality of solar cells, such as PV silicon solar cells, embedded in end faces of one or both ends of the reflecting plate parallel to the microcolumn prisms.
  • a plurality of solar cells such as PV silicon solar cells
  • the louver made of the micro-prism solar reflector with reflective, refracting and lamp body of the invention comprises a window frame and a louver, wherein the sash comprises an outer frame and a cage mounted in the outer frame, The four frame strips of the outer frame are open on opposite sides of the frame, the cage is rectangular, and one or more pairs of mounting holes opposite to each other are disposed on the two parallel poles, the louver A microprism type solar reflector having a decreasing cross-sectional area, the two ends of the reflector are fixedly coupled with a short shaft, and are rotatably mounted on the retainer by bearings mounted on the short or short shaft In the mounting holes, arranged in parallel with each other;
  • the utility model further comprises: a motor reduction device, a plurality of gears, a dial wheel and a rack, wherein the motor speed reduction device comprises an electric motor and a reduction box installed in the outer frame bottom frame strip, and the free end of the output shaft of the reduction gear box is supported by the bearing in the frame On the inner side wall of the strip;
  • the gear includes a driving gear and a transmission gear, wherein the driving gear is mounted on an output shaft of the motor, and the transmission gear is rotatably mounted on the short shafts on one side of the cage, and the rotation thereof can drive the rotation of the reflector;
  • the dial has a central hole and is divided into a front part and a rear part in the front, the front part is provided with internal teeth through the center hole, and the rear part is provided with external teeth as a bridge gear through the outer peripheral surface, and the dial wheel is set on the output shaft And the inner teeth mesh with the driving gear;
  • the rack is vertically mounted in one side of the outer frame, and the lower portion thereof is engaged with the outer teeth of the dial, and the lower portion of the rack is engaged with the respective transmission gears so that they are rotationally coupled in a synchronous manner.
  • louver made of a solar reflector as described above, and further comprising a plurality of lamp bodies, wherein the opposite ends of the reflector are provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed blind holes, and the lamp bodies are respectively installed In the blind hole.
  • a louver made of a solar reflector as described above wherein the front portion of the dial is a dial having a diameter larger than an outer diameter of the rear gear, and a ring groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the dial
  • the bottom frame strip of the outer frame opposite to the dial is provided with two elastic positioning posts which are mutually opposite each other and whose head shape is complementary to the ring groove, so that the dial wheel is in the ring groove and the protruding column of the dial When one is combined, the internal teeth of the dial engage with the driving gear. When the ring groove of the dial is combined with the other stud, the dial will move a certain distance to disengage the internal teeth from the driving gear.
  • the solar reflector of the present invention uses transparent plastic to conduct light, and its characteristics are close to those of ordinary optical glass.
  • the transparent plastic is designed as a micro-column prism with an apex angle of 90°, and the optical principle of each unit is shown in FIG. And Figure 4.
  • the sunlight parallel to the normal surface of the reflective prismatic slope enters and exits the slope of the prism, and the reflection on each of the right-angled surfaces deflects the light by 180°, thereby reflecting the parallel incident light. There is no need to apply any reflective material to the surface of the plastic reflector.
  • each microcolumn prism body of the reflector is an unequal right triangle, and the cross-sectional area from the symmetrical center plane to the left and right free ends is zigzag decreasing in turn, and the inclined end faces and reflections at the two free ends.
  • the other surface of the plate forms an angle of 45 degrees.
  • it increases the reflection and refraction surface of the reflector to sunlight.
  • it also increases the reflection of the prism body of the micro-column toward the inclined end of the free end. That is, the amount of light passing through the inclined end face is greatly improved.
  • the lamp body is disposed at opposite ends of the microcolumn prism body parallel to the reflector, and the light emitted from the lamp body is reflected from the respective microcolumn prism bodies on the left and right of the center plane, thereby generating an unexpected illumination effect.
  • the invention also uses a louver made of a cross-sectional area decreasing microprism type solar reflector, wherein the driving wheel, the dial wheel and the transmission gear are respectively mounted on a short shaft of the motor output shaft and the reflector side, the teeth
  • the strip is mounted on one side of each of the reflector gears and meshes with the gears on the reflector and can drive the rack to move through the dial.
  • the driving gear rotates by a certain angle
  • the gears on the reflector are also rotated by a corresponding angle.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a reflector of the present invention
  • FIG. 2a, 2b, and 2c are respectively a cross-sectional optical path diagram of the reflector of the present invention, a cross-sectional view of the micro-column prism body, and a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 2b;
  • Figure 3 is a prismatic optical schematic diagram of a portion or a single strip of the strip-shaped microcolumn prism body of the reflector of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective enlarged view of the single microcolumn prism body of FIG. 2, showing a refractive relationship between the light incident on the prismatic microcolumn prism and the prism surface;
  • Figure 5a and Figure 5b are diagrams showing a set of parallel rays or sunlight illuminating the flat or prismatic face of a variable-section right-angle prism and reflecting and/or refracting in a certain direction;
  • Figures 6a, 6b and 6c show the total reflection of light rays in the XY plane, the optical path in the XZ plane, the optical path in the YZ plane, and Figures 6d, 6e and 6f respectively show the ray in the XY plane. Refraction, the optical path in the XZ plane and the optical path in the YZ plane; the light path back to the space after the light is reflected once on the reflecting surface of the prism of the reflector body;
  • the LED light-emitting diodes can be first formed into preforms, and then directly formed on the opposite sides of the reflector by injection molding or embedding.
  • FIG. 8a and 8b are respectively a front view and a top view of the lamp body of the reflector of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the optical path design of the prism body of the reflector of Fig. 7;
  • 10a, 10b, and 10c are partial front cross-sectional views, partial side cross-sectional views, and louvered views of one of the embodiments of the adjustment control device or the louver of the microprism type solar ray reflector of the present invention, respectively
  • FIG. 11a, FIG. 1b and FIG. 11c are a perspective view, an enlarged cross-sectional view, and a sectional view of a unit reflector louver in the application of the airfoil type reflector device in the combined reflector design of the LED lamp assembly of the reflector of FIG. 7;
  • Figure 12 is a front elevational view showing the application of the planar reflector device in the engineering design of the combined reflector of the light-emitting diode lamp assembly of the reflector of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 13a, 13b, and 13c are perspective, front, and top views of the illuminator of Fig. 7 made of a luminaire.
  • a surface of the micro-column right-angle prism type solar light reflecting plate 1 of the present invention that is, the lower surface 12, is provided with a plurality of parallel strips on the left and right sides from the symmetrical central plane w-w'.
  • Micro-pillar prism bodies 2 which form a zigzag continuous extending surface on the lower surface 12, each of the micro-column prism bodies 2 has an unequal-angled right-angled triangle with an apex angle of 90°, in a plane with a symmetrical central plane
  • the two left and right equator triangles of the neighboring sides have the largest cross-sectional area, and thus the cross-sectional areas of the left and right ends are successively decreased.
  • FIG. 2a is a structural cross-sectional view of the reflector of the present invention.
  • This is a reflector made of transparent plastic, which is close to ordinary optical glass in the characteristics of conducting light.
  • the apex angle of each of the strip-shaped microcolumn prism bodies 2 provided on the lower surface 12 of the reflecting plate 1 is 90°.
  • the reflection of the light by each of the microcolumn prism bodies 2 is entirely in the form of prism reflection.
  • the sunlight (SL) is directly incident on the reflector 1 parallel to the normal plane F of the prism, and the incident light a of each of the rays of light from the upper surface 11 of the reflector 1 passes through the upper portion thereof into the two columns of the microcolumn prism body 2.
  • the mutually perpendicular planes are reflected in a direction b parallel to the incident light a, that is, the sunlight parallel to the normal surface of the microcolumn prism body 2 is incident on the slope of the prism body, and is reflected at each right angle, the light It is deflected by 180° to achieve the purpose of reflecting parallel incident light.
  • Fig. 2b is its structural diagram
  • ww' is the symmetry center plane
  • ABCD is the boundary of the prism of the present invention from left to right.
  • T, G, I, K, ⁇ , ⁇ , Q represent the connection points between the triangles on the right side of the ww' symmetry center plane, and the right-angle vertices of T, G, I, K, ⁇ , 0, and Q are also from One side is the critical point area where the LED light is totally reflected.
  • the reflector 1 is connected in a straight line from the apex angle of each of the unequal orthogonal triangles on the left and right sides of the symmetry center plane w-w' or the connection point of each of the right-angle prism cross-section triangles.
  • Slanted line TQ, the intersection of the oblique line TQ and the two largest triangles of the cross-sectional area The angle between the vertical line TS made on both sides of the heart plane w-w' or the line FC of the vertex of the apex angle of each of the unequal orthogonal triangles is ⁇ , c is less than 45°. Usually the angle c is less than 10°, as shown in Figure 2c.
  • the combined right-angle prism can be used not only as a reflection plane, but also according to the optical structure of the right-angle prism, the optical plane of the rotating right-angle prism changes the angle between the incident parallel rays or the optical plane of the sunlight and the prism, so that the combined right-angle prism can also be used as a refractor, ie Refract incident parallel rays or sunlight into the other direction. How is the sunlight projected onto the combined right-angle prism refracted? In the following we will analyze and illustrate the reflector 1 in a spatial coordinate system.
  • the use of the totally reflective micro-column prism body 2 as a reflector is more effective than the use of a metal as a light panel.
  • the incident light is totally reflected, and none of the metal surfaces can reflect the incident light 100%;
  • the vertical or inclined surface of the reflection is a permanent internal reflection surface, and the surface is not affected by environmental contamination.
  • the micro-column prism body 2 can reflect light parallel to each other and parallel to its normal surface. And for those non-directional light; for example, the light from the clouds and the air, the diffuse reflection of dust can see through. This is the characteristic of the design "reflector". When it is applied to a building, it will exhibit the compatibility of the reflector with reflection and light transmission.
  • the reflector 1 Since the path of the light in the microcolumn prism body 2 is spatially expanded, we put the reflector 1 in a spatial coordinate system for analysis: Referring to Figures 5a and 5b, the light path parallel to the normal plane is projected on three planes XOY; YOZ; XOZ. The reflective surface reflected by this type of situation is the right angle of the reflector. The angle between the right-angled surface and the plane of the reflector is 45 degrees. Therefore, the reflected sunlight leaves the oblique surface obliquely, and the entire reflected beam is banded, and the energy of the light is diverged and diluted.
  • 10 denotes a point of entry of light on the surface or mirror of the reflector 1
  • 20 denotes a reflection point on a slope of the micro-column prism body 2
  • 30 denotes a reflection point of the other slope
  • 40 denotes a reflection plate 1
  • the upper surface or the mirrored reflection point, and the broken lines in Figs. 6a and 6b indicate the slopes 22, 23 of the microcolumn prism body 2.
  • a combined right-angle prism can be used as a reflective plane, as evidenced by optical experiments and optical path mapping.
  • the experiment also pointed out that when a reflective prism is upward, when a pair of parallel light (or sunlight) forms an angle with the normal surface of a group of microcolumn prism bodies 2, the light will be refracted.
  • the micro right-angle prism reflector of the present invention can be used as a reflecting light, and can also be used as a lighting panel to become a lighting fixture.
  • This figure shows a reflector 1 on which a lamp body can be placed.
  • the reflector 1 further includes a plurality of lamp holes 3 or 3, and a reflector or blind hole 24 is provided on each of the end faces of the two ends parallel to the microcolumn right angle prism body 2.
  • the lamp body 3 is optionally a LED light emitting diode, a bulb or an electrode tube, and is mounted in the blind hole 24, respectively.
  • the plurality of lamp bodies described above may be pre-formed into a lamp assembly such as an LED assembly, and directly packaged on both sides of the reflector by injection molding, that is, on one end or both ends of the reflector parallel to the microcolumn prism body. , as shown in Figures 7b and 8b.
  • Figure 9 is an optical path design of the planar unit of the plastic microcolumn prism of Figure 7.
  • the micro right-angle prism reflector is provided with a light-emitting diode LED, and at the same time it is a light-emitting plate, whether the LED is embedded on both end faces or directly mounted on the two sides of the illuminating plate as a preform, the essence is the LED illuminator.
  • the light conductor and the light diffuser coexist in the same transparent light-transmitting material, where the light divergence system is the right-angle plane of the right-angle prism, which makes the entire optical system accurate and efficient.
  • the reflector with the lamp body is combined vertically and horizontally to form a larger LED illumination plane, which becomes a right-angle prism reflective LED matrix illumination device. When they are illuminated, the directional illumination of the room can be illuminated. Thus, it can be used during the day to reflect strong sunlight, while in the evening it can provide a luminous ceiling or illuminated slab for the lobby or the hall.
  • FIG. 10a, FIG. 10b, FIG. 10c is one embodiment of the reflector adjustment control device using the present invention, for example, a louver made of a cross-sectional area decreasing micro prism type solar reflector, which comprises a window frame 10.
  • the four frame strips of the outer frame that is, the top frame strip 111, the bottom frame strip 112, the left frame strip 113, and the right frame strip 114, are open on opposite sides of the frame, and the cage 12 is rectangular.
  • One or more pairs of mounting holes 121, 122 opposed to each other are disposed on the two parallel poles.
  • the opposite front and rear walls of the bottom frame strip 112 and the top frame strip 111 have projecting glass holding portions 117, 118 which are installed in the openings of the glass holding portion and the left and right frame strips 113 and 114.
  • the water seal of the glass in the outer frame is O-type sealing strip 119, which is convenient and reliable.
  • the louver 20 has one or more pieces, each of which is an unequal-angled right-angled triangular micro-prism solar reflector.
  • the two ends of the reflector are provided with fixedly connected short shafts 21 or grooves, and are rotatably mounted in the mounting holes 121, 122 of the cage through the bearings 22 mounted on the short or short shafts, arranged in parallel with each other. a row.
  • the louver 20 further includes a plurality of lamp bodies 3.
  • the opposite ends of the reflector are provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed blind holes, and the lamp bodies 3 are respectively installed in the blind holes. .
  • the motor reduction device 30 includes an electric motor 31 and a reduction case 32 that are mounted in the bottom frame strip 112 of the outer frame.
  • the free end of the output shaft 33 of the reduction gearbox is supported in the bottom frame strip 112 by bearings 34.
  • the motor 31 is a stepping motor which is actually mounted on a mount (not shown) provided in the bottom frame strip 112.
  • the plurality of gears include a driving gear 41 and a corresponding number of transmission gears 42 mounted on the output shaft 33 of the motor 31, the transmission gears 42 being rotatably mounted on the short shafts 21 on one side of the cage on.
  • the dial 50 has a center hole and is divided into a front portion and a rear portion, and a front portion is provided with an internal tooth 501 through a center hole, and a rear portion is provided with an external tooth 502 as a bridge gear through an outer peripheral surface.
  • the dial 50 is also fitted over the output shaft 33 and its internal teeth 501 are engaged with the drive gear 41.
  • the front portion of the dial 50 is a dial 51 having an outer diameter which is larger than the outer diameter of the rear bridge gear or the outer teeth 502.
  • the rack 60 is vertically mounted in one side of the outer frame near the retainer 12, and the lower portion thereof meshes with the outer teeth 502 of the bridge gear, and the upper portion of the lower portion meshes with the respective transfer gears 42 so that they are synchronized
  • the rotation mode is used for the transmission connection.
  • the rotation of the driving gear 41 can drive the dial 50 to rotate, pushing the rack 60 up and down, so that the driving gear 42 can be synchronously rotated together with the louvered reflector. This is because one end of each of the reflecting plates 20 is coupled to a gear 42 having the same modulus and number of teeth, each of which meshes with a long rack 60.
  • a circular groove 511 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the dial 51 of the dial, and the bottom frame 112 of the outer frame opposite to the dial is provided with two elastic portions which are separated from each other by a certain distance, and the head shape and the ring groove are complementary.
  • Positioning studs 1121 or (position 1) and 1122 (position 2) so that when the dial is combined with the one of the studs (position 1) of the dial, the internal teeth of the dial and the active The gear meshes, and the inner ring 501 is disengaged from the driving gear 41 when the ring groove of the dial is slid to the right by a certain distance to be combined with the other stud (position No. 2).
  • position No. 2 the dial is in the No.
  • the torque of the motor output shaft 33 drives the internal teeth 501, so that the external teeth 502 as the overrunning gears also rotate simultaneously, the rack is driven to move up and down, thus engaging the rack 60.
  • the transmission gear 42 rotates synchronously, and the angle at which the reflector 20 rotates is controlled.
  • the dial 51 is in the position No. 2
  • the driving gear 41 on the output shaft 33 is disengaged from the dial inner tooth 501, and the dial is manually dialed to move the rack 60 up and down to adjust the reflection rotation angle.
  • the above-mentioned blinds are double-glazed sashes of an aluminum alloy frame. Inside this hollow glass, a micro right-angle prism reflecting plate 20 is mounted inside this hollow glass.
  • the reflector has LEDs embedded in two sides parallel to the micro right-angle prisms.
  • the louver or reflector 20 uses a stepper motor for single-axis control to control only the solar elevation angle.
  • the reflector 20 automatically tracks the elevation angle of the sun according to instructions from the computer. In winter or other weather conditions, the user can set the software in advance according to actual needs, such as the angle between the winter and summer reflectors is 90 degrees, summer sunlight. All blocked, the winter sun is all incident.
  • FIG 11a and Figure lib are perspective cross-sectional views of a wing-type reflector device in an engineering design and a partial enlarged view of B.
  • the reflector assembly includes two or more rows of unit reflector shutters 200 of Figure 11c, and a canopy 210 and panels 32 for mounting the shutters.
  • the unit reflector louver 200 is a reflector 201 having a large surface area in a frame, and the reflector is provided with a light-emitting diode 205 at both ends of the reflector 201 parallel to the micro-column prism strip, the bottom of the frame 202
  • the frame strips and top frame strips 203, 203' are made of aluminum alloy profiles and are designed to be H-shaped, with a more wind-resistant strength.
  • One end of the H-shaped opening is double-glazed 206, and the other end is closed, but the end is provided with a groove, and a seal 204 is placed in the groove to seal the seal 204 against the two louvers when the two louvers are relatively moved, and the frame is
  • a short shaft 207 similar to that of FIG. 10 is attached to the left and right frame bars (not shown), and the same motor speed reduction device, gear, dial, rack, and the like as the device of FIG. 10 are disposed on the frame frame 220, and the motor can be passed through the motor. The short axis rotation of the unit reflector shutter 200 is driven.
  • Figure 12 is a planary reflector device in engineering design.
  • the reflector assembly has a planar glass ceiling 230 and a flat elongated panel frame 240 mounted on the ceiling 230.
  • the unit reflector shutters 200 mounted in the panel are the same as those disclosed in FIG. So the description is not repeated here.
  • FIG. 13a to FIG. 13c Please refer to FIG. 13a to FIG. 13c, and we continue to expand with FIG. 2b, starting with ABCD.
  • R as the radius
  • XX' as the center of rotation
  • the cylindrical right-angle prism is formed by mounting an LED on the outer circumference of the two circular planes of the cylinder, which is a cylindrical illuminator, that is, an LED luminaire.
  • the cylindrical cylinder is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed blind holes, and the lamp bodies are respectively installed in the blind holes.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Description

具有棱镜板的太阳反光板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种太阳光反光板， 更具体地说， 涉及一种具有反光、 折 射、 灯体的微型棱镜太阳光反光板及用它制成灯具和百叶窗。 背景技术
基于地球资源的有限性及其现有应用技术的状态，人类建筑能耗占居 了总能耗的 60%， 因此建筑的结构、 立面的形式的先进性和合理性可决定 建筑能耗的多少。 正如有的国家节能规范指出， 需要控制建筑的整体实际 原始能耗，也就是要求控制建筑的外部输入能源，控制利用不同种类能源， 从而达到控制社会整体能耗。 人类建筑立面的形式很大程度上决定建筑能 耗的高低。
国内外建筑节能技术中有很大一部分是幕墙或窗扇的外遮阳和内遮 阳问题， 其中建筑外遮阳板把阳1光热能阻挡在室外， 但同时也把光线阻挡 在外， 而内遮阳板把阳光阻挡了， 但同时把 70%的热能留在室内。 如何克 服这种内外遮阳板所引起的矛盾， 这是人们一直关心的研究课题。
本发明人在此介绍一种具有反光、折射、 LED发光的截面积变化的微 型直角棱镜反光板及用它制成的灯具和百叶窗， 能实现组合棱镜平板反 光， 棱镜平板折射或棱镜平板 LED发光相结合的太阳光的较佳节能利用。 发明内容
本发明的一个目的是为了提供一种由截面积变化的微型直角棱镜式 太阳光反光板。
本发明的另一个目的是， 当在夜晚或需要照明时。 点亮与直角棱镜直 棱平行两侧面的 LED、灯泡或电极管的组合， 这样直角棱镜板就成了一块 发光板， 整个窗户就是一个发光大平板， 可以照明室内。
本发明又一目的是在上述反光板的基础上弯曲成一圆柱灯具，其上还 可安装灯体， 而成为一种具有诸如发光二极管、 灯泡或电极管的组合反光 和照明灯。
本发明还有一个目的是制成百叶窗，该反光板使用可起到棱镜作用的 微柱条， 可以将直射太阳光全部地反射出去， 而从云朵里和空气中的漫射 光可以全部进入室内。 当该棱镜板的棱角面向上时， 太阳照在窗上， 可以 把太阳光全部折射入室。
实现上述的技术方案是， 本发明的具有反光、折射、灯体的微型棱镜 太阳反光板， 其中， 所述反光板的一个表面上从对称中心平面起的左右两 边各设有多个平行的条状微柱棱镜体， 每一个微柱棱镜体的横截面为不等 边直角三角形， 其顶角为 90度， 在与对称中心平面相邻的左右两个不等 边直角三角形截面积最大， 向着左右两自由端其截面积依次呈锯齿形递 减， 相邻两个微柱棱镜体之间的夹角也为直角。
如以上所述的反光板， 其中， 左右两边的各个不等边直角三角形的截 面积大小是一一对应相等的， 各微柱棱镜体的直角顶点的连线是一条直线 并与反光板的另一个表面平行， 相邻两个微柱棱镜体之间夹角的直角顶点 向反光板另一个表面作垂线， 这些垂线线段的高度是一系列依次降低的等 差级数或等比级数， 而从截面的中心轴线起把相邻两个微柱棱镜体之间的 夹角的直角顶点连起来， 则可以成为左右相交于中心轴线的两条斜线， 他 们和反光板的另一个表面均形成夹角 α， 小于 45度。
如以上所述的反光板， 其中， 所述反光板在中心平面两边紧邻的两个 直角棱镜底边最长， 从与中心平面紧邻两个直角棱镜左右展开， 依次排列 的诸直角三角形的底边逐一减小， 而距中心平面最远的两个直角棱镜的一 直角边是向上延伸与反光板的另一个表面相交并形成两个具有大直角棱 镜式端边的倾斜端面， 该倾斜端面和反光板的另一个表面形成一个夹角， 夹角为 45度。
如以上所述的反光板， 其中， 所述夹角 c小于 10度。
如以上所述的反光板， 其中， 还包括多个灯体， 所述反光板的任一相 对两端设有若干均布的盲孔， 而所述灯体各自安装在盲孔内。
如以上所述的反光板， 其中， 所述灯体为 LED二极管， 灯泡或电极 管， 它们的发射中心轴线和反光板平面平行， 中心轴正好穿过对称中心棱 镜顶角的顶点。
如以上所述的反光板， 其中， 所述灯体为预制成发光二极管灯组件， 并通过注塑成型的方式封装于与微棱柱棱镜体平行的反光板一端或两端 的端面上。
如以上所述的反光板， 其中， 还包括多个太阳能电池， 如 PV硅太阳 能电池， 它们嵌装在与微柱棱镜平行的所述反光板一端或两端的端面上。
如以上所述的反光板， 其中， 如上所述的太阳光反光板， 其中所述的 反光板是由透明的塑料， 如有机玻璃或聚碳酸脂制成。
本发明的具有反光、折射、灯体的微型棱镜太阳光反光板制成的百叶 窗包括窗框、 百叶片， 其中， 所述窗框包括一外框架和一安装在外框架内 的保持架， 所述外框架的四个框条在框内的相对面是开口的， 所述保持架 是矩形的， 在相对平行的两根架杆上设有一对或多对彼此相对的安装孔， 所述百叶片为一块或多块截面积递减的微型棱镜式太阳光反光板，反 光板的两端装有固定连接的短轴， 并可通过短轴或短轴上安装的轴承可转 动地安装在保持架的安装孔中， 相互平行地排成一列；
还包括： 电机减速装置、 若干齿轮、 拨轮、 齿条， 其中， 电机减速装 置包括安装在外框架底框条内的电动机、 减速箱， 所述减速箱的输出轴的 自由端通过轴承支承在框条内侧壁上；
若干齿轮包括主动齿轮、传动齿轮， 其中， 主动齿轮安装在电动机的 输出轴上， 所述传动齿轮可转动地安装在保持架一侧的诸短轴上， 它的旋 转可带动反光板的转动； 拨轮是具有中心孔并以前后分为前部和后部，其前部通过中心孔设有 内齿， 其后部通过外周面设有作为过桥齿轮的外齿， 拨轮套装在输出轴上 且其内齿与主动齿轮相啮合；
所述齿条垂直安装外框架的一侧内， 并且其下部与拨轮的外齿相啮 合， 而其下部以上的部分与各个传动齿轮相啮合， 以致它们以同步转动方 式作传动连接。
如以上所述的太阳光反光板制成的百叶窗， 其中， 所述反光板微柱棱 镜体的横截面是不等边的直角三角形。
如以上所述的太阳光反光板制成的百叶窗， 其中， 其特征在于， 所述 电动机为步进电机， 安装在底框条内设置的固定座上。
如以上所述的太阳光反光板制成的百叶窗， 其中， 还包括玻璃， 所述 底框条和顶框条的相对前后壁上有突出的玻璃保持部， 所述玻璃通过密封 条密封地安装在玻璃保持部中。
如以上所述的太阳光反光板制成的百叶窗， 其中， 并且还包括多个灯 体， 所述反光板的任一相对两端设有若干均布的盲孔， 而所述灯体各自安 装在盲孔内。
如以上所述的太阳光反光板制成的百叶窗， 其中， 拨轮的前部为一直 径相对比后部齿轮的外径要大的拔盘， 该拔盘的周面上设有一条环槽， 所 述与拔盘相对的外框架的底框条上设有两个彼此相间而其头部外形与环 槽互补的弹性的定位凸柱， 以使拨轮在拔盘的环槽与凸柱之一结合时， 拨 轮的内齿与主动齿轮啮合， 在拔盘的环槽与另一凸柱结合时， 拨轮将移动 一定距离而使其内齿脱离与主动齿轮的啮合。
本发明的变截面不等边直角三角形微型棱镜太阳光反光板制成的灯 具， 其中， 所述反光板可具有较长的平行微型棱镜长度 L， 并以此长度求 出作圆形的半径， 由公式 L=2 R， 并以 R为半径弯制成一圆柱筒体。
如以上所述的太阳光反光板制成的灯具， 其中， 还包括多个灯体， 所 述圆柱筒体的两端设有若干均布的盲孔，所述灯体为 LED二极管，灯泡或 电极管并各自安装在盲孔内。
由上可见， 本发明的太阳光反光板采用透明塑料传导光线，其特性接 近与普通光学玻璃， 把透明塑料设计成微型柱状棱镜顶角为 90°， 其每一 个单体的光学原理见图 3和图 4。 平行于反射棱型斜面法面的阳光入射和 出射棱镜的斜面， 而在每一个直角面上的反射， 光线偏转 180°， 从而达到 把平行入射的光线反射出来的目的。 塑料反光板表面无需涂复任何反光材 料。 特别是反光板的每一个微柱棱镜体的横截面为不等边直角三角形， 从 对称中心平面起向着左右两自由端其截面积依次呈锯齿形递减， 而又在两 自由端的倾斜端面和反光板的另一个表面形成一个 45度的夹角， 一方面， 增加了反光板对太阳光的反射和折射面， 另一方面， 还增加了反光板各微 柱棱镜体向自由端的倾斜端面的反射， 即倾斜端面上通光量有大幅度提 高。 如此， 在与反光板的微柱棱镜体相平行的相对两端设置灯体， 灯体发 出光线将从中心平面左右的各个微柱棱镜体反射出来， 而产生意想不到的 照明效果。
本发明还用截面积递减微型棱镜式太阳光反光板制成的百叶窗， 其 中， 所述主动轮、 拨轮和传动齿轮分别安装在电动机输出轴和反光板一侧 的短轴上， 所述齿条安装在各反光板齿轮一侧并和反光板上的齿轮啮合并 通过拨轮可带动齿条移动。 当主动齿轮转动一定的角度进而使反光板上的 齿轮的也旋转相应的角度。 在大楼、 大厦立面玻璃幕墙和具有玻璃吊顶或 天窗的中央大厅， 医院的病房和学校的教室， 在冬天具有充足的太阳光射 入， 在夏天可将太阳光全部反射出去， 而漫射的太阳光全部或部分的入厅 室内， 可使厅室内在遮挡太阳光的同时保持室内光线明亮。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的反光板的立体示意图；
图 2a、 图 2b和图 2c分别是本发明的反光板横截面剖视光路图、 微柱 棱镜体构成剖视图和图 2b中的 A局部放大图； 图 3是图 2中反光板的条状微柱棱镜体的一部分或单体的棱镜光学原 理图；
图 4是图 2中单体微柱棱镜体的立体放大图， 表示射入条状微柱棱镜 体光线与棱镜法面的折射关系图；
图 5a和图 5b分别是一组平行光线或太阳光照射在变截面直角棱镜平 背面或棱镜面上， 并以一定方向反射和 /或折射的图解图；
图 6a、 图 6b和图 6c分别表示光线在 XY平面的全反射，在 XZ平面上 的光程， 在 YZ平面上的光程,以及图 6d、 图 6e和图 6f分别表示光线在 XY平面的折射，在 XZ平面上的光程和在 YZ平面上的光程；光线在反光 板棱镜体的 ΧΟΥ、 ΥΟΖ的反射面一次反射后回到空间的光路图；
图 7a、 图 7b分别是图 1的反光板上设置 LED发光二极管可以先制成 预制件， 然后通过注塑或嵌装直接将它形成在反光板的相对两侧的视图。
图 8a和图 8b分别是图 1的反光板上设置灯体的正视和俯视示意图； 图 9是图 7的反光板的棱镜体的光路设计的示意图；
图 10a、图 10b和图 10c是本发明的微型棱镜式太阳光反光板的调节控 制装置或百叶窗的实施例之一的局部主视剖视、 局部侧视剖视和制成的百 叶窗示意图， 分别表示铝合金外框中双层玻璃窗反光板的旋转驱动机构、 铝合金双层玻璃窗剖面图和整体结构外观图；
图 lla、图 lib和图 11c是图 7的反光板上设置发光二极管灯组件的组 合反光板工程设计中的机翼型反光板装置应用的立体示意图、 放大剖面图 和单元反光板百叶窗剖视图；
图 12是图 7的反光板上设置发光二极管灯组件的组合反光板工程设计 中的平面型反光板装置应用的前视示意图；
图 13a、图 13b和图 13c是图 7的反光板制成灯具的立体视图、主视图 和俯视图。 具体实施方式 请参阅图 1和图 2， 本发明微柱直角棱镜式太阳光反光板 1的一个表 面， 即下表面 12上， 从对称中心平面 w-w'起的左右两边各设有多个平行 的条状微柱棱镜体 2，它们在下表面 12上形成锯齿形的连续延伸面，每一 个微柱棱镜体 2的横截面为不等边直角三角形， 其顶角为 90°， 在与对称 中心平面相邻的左右两个不等边直角三角形截面积最大， 并由此起向着左 右两端其截面积依次递减。
请再参阅图 2， 其中， 图 2a是本发明的反光板的结构横截面图。这是 一应用透明塑料制作的反光板 1，在传导光线的特征上接近普通光学玻璃。 在反光板 1下表面 12上设置的各个条状微柱棱镜体 2的顶角为 90°。每一 个微柱棱镜体 2对光线的反射完全是以棱镜反射的形式进行的。 太阳光 (SL)以平行于棱镜的法面 F直射在反光板 1上， 它的每一束光线的入射 光 a从反光板 1的上表面 11透过其上部进入微柱棱镜体 2的两个相互垂直 面以平行于入射光 a的方向 b被反射出去， 也就是讲， 平行于微柱棱镜体 2斜面法面的阳光入射和出射棱镜体的斜面， 并在每一个直角上反射， 光 线偏转 180° ， 从而达到把平行入射的光线反射出来的目的。
图 2b是它的结构图， w-w' 是对称中心平面， ABCD是本发明棱镜 从左到右截面的界限。 T、 G、 I、 K、 Μ、 Ο、 Q表示在 w-w' 对称中心平 面右面的各截面三角形之间的连接点， T、 G、 I、 K、 Μ、 0、 Q直角顶点 区域同时也是来自一侧如 LED光线全反射临界点区域。 在 w-w' 对称中 心平面的左面也可类似地作出，这里省略，左右端面的 ZBAD=ZCDA=45 度 ， 而 TFG=ZFGH= ZGHI= ZHIJ= ZIJK= JKL= ZKLM= MNO= Z NOP= OPQ= PQC= QCD=90 度。 经过数学推导 tg a =(a-b)/(a+b), b=a((l-tg a )/(l+tg a ))因为 a是已知的， a角也是已知的， 所以截面积渐变 的棱镜几何尺寸由 b=a((l-tg a )/(l+tg α；))来表示。
在一较佳实施例中，反光板 1从对称中心平面 w-w'的左右两边的各个 不等边直角三角形的顶角所对的边或各直角棱镜截面三角形的连接点是 连成一直线的斜线 TQ，所述斜线 TQ与截面积最大两个三角形的交点在中 心平面 w-w'两边所作的垂直线 TS或与各个不等边直角三角形的顶角顶点 的连线 FC之间的夹角为 α， c小于 45°。 通常夹角 c小于 10°， 如图 2c所 示。
组合的直角棱镜不仅可以作为反光平面， 根据直角棱镜的光学结构， 旋转直角棱镜的光学平面改变入射平行光线或太阳光和棱镜光学平面间 的角度， 那么组合的直角棱镜还可以作为折射镜， 即把入射平行光线或太 阳光折射到另一个方向。 那么投射到组合直角棱镜的太阳光是如何被折射 的呢？我们在下文中将对反光板 1放在空间坐标系中进行分析和说明。
请参阅图 3和图 4， 图中示出了当有一光源发出许多彼此平行的光线 和微柱棱镜体 2法面平行时， 若设射入透视率 n=l， 为空气折射率， 射入 折射率为 112=1.497的塑料微柱棱镜体 2的表面， 其中 n2>nl=l。 根据斯 涅耳定律， 推算光线在塑料一空气中的折射的临界角：
Sin β =(nl X Sin入射角 )/n2=(l X Sin0° )/n2=0
所以与微柱棱镜体 2的斜面法面平行的光线没有偏斜进入棱镜。 我们 取微柱棱镜体 2所用的透明塑料折射率的值 n2=1.497，那么塑料一空气的 临界角为 Sin 4> = (n空气） I (n塑料） =1/1.497 Sin Φ =0.668 Φ =42° 这一角度小于 45°。
应该了解到用全反射的微柱棱镜体 2作为反光板比起用金属作为光板 来， 其优点是： 第一， 入射光全部被反射， 而没有一种金属表面能将入射 光 100%地反射； 第二， 这种反射的垂直面或斜面是永久的内反射面， 表 面不受环境沾污的影响； 第三， 这种微柱棱镜体 2可把彼此平行的和与其 法面平行的光反射， 而对那些非定向的光； 例如来自云层和空气、 尘埃漫 反射的光线则可以透视。 这是本设计"反光板 "的特点。 当它被应用于建筑 物上时， 将表现出本反光板具有反射和透光的兼容的特点。
那么和微柱棱镜体 2法面平行的光线是如何被反射的呢？ 由于光线在 微柱棱镜体 2里的路径是以空间展开的， 因此我们就把反光板 1放在空间 坐标系中进行分析： 请参阅图 5a和图 5b， 与法面平行的光线途径在 XOY; YOZ; XOZ 三个平面上的投影。 这类情况反射的反射面是反光板的直角面。 直角面和 反光板的平面间的夹角是 45度.因此被反射的阳光在离开反光面后,交叉斜 向射出,整个反光束呈带状,光的能量被发散、 稀释。
在图 6a、 图 6b和图 6c中， 分别显示光线在 XY平面的全反射、 在 XZ平面上的光程， 在 YZ平面上的光程。
在图中， 10表示光线在反光板 1的表面或镜面的切入点， 20表示在 微柱棱镜体 2的一斜面上的反射点， 30表示另一个斜面的反射点， 40表 示在反光板 1的上表面或镜面的反射点， 而图 6a和图 6b中虚线表示微柱 棱镜体 2的斜面 22、 23。
在图 6d、 图 6e、 图 6f中， 分别显示光线在 XY平面的折射。 在 XZ 平面上的光程和在 YZ平面上的光程。
组合的直角棱镜可以作为反光平面， 这已通过光学实验和光学光路作 图得到证实。 实验还指出当反光的棱镜向上时当一束平行光 （或太阳光） 和一组微柱棱镜体 2的法面成一个夹角， 那么这一束光线将被折射出去。
应用以上的结论， 我们可以为建筑的立面和顶部， 和运输机具的设施 进行太阳光的全反射和全折射的设计， 应用组合柱状直角棱镜创造理想的 生存环境。
请参阅图 7a和图 7b以及图 8a和图 8b，表示本发明的微型直角棱镜反 光板可以用作反射太阳光， 同时也可以作为发光平板， 成为照明器具。 此 图中示出了一种可在其上设置灯体的反光板 1。 为此， 反光板 1还包括若 干灯体 3、 3Ό反光板在与微柱直角棱镜体 2平行的两端的端面上各设有若 干均布的灯穴或盲孔 24。 灯体 3可选择地采用 LED发光二极管、 灯泡或 电极管， 并分别安装在盲孔 24内。
以上所述多个灯体可先预制成灯组件如发光二极管组件， 并通过注塑 成型方式直接封装于反光板的两侧， 即与微柱棱镜体平行的反光板的一端 或两端的端面上， 如图 7b、 8b所示。 图 9是图 7塑料微柱棱镜体平面单元的光路设计。 当微型直角棱镜 反光板设置了发光二极管 LED, 同时它又是一块发光平板， 无论是 LED 嵌装在它两侧端面上， 还是作为预制件直接封装于发光板两侧， 其本质就 是 LED发光体和光的传导体、光的发散体共存与同一个透明的传递光的物 质内， 这里光的发散系统就是直角棱镜的直角平面， 这样可以使整个光学 系统精确高效。 带有灯体的反光板纵横组合成为一个更大的 LED发光平 面，成为一个直角棱镜反射 LED矩阵照明装置。当它们被点亮以后， 可以 对厅室的定向照明。 于是， 在白天可以利用来反射强烈的阳光， 而在晚上 则可以为大堂或厅室提供一个发光的天棚或发光平板。
请参阅图 10a、 图 10b、 图 10c， 这是利用本发明的反光板调节控制装 置的实施例之一， 例如， 用截面积递减微型棱镜式太阳光反光板制成的百 叶窗， 它包括窗框 10、百叶片 20、 电机减速装置 30、若干齿轮、拨轮 50、 齿条 60和 /或玻璃 70， 其中， 窗框 10包括一外框架 11和一安装在外框架 11内的保持架 12，所述外框架的四个框条，也就是顶框条 111、底框条 112、 左框条 113和右框条 114， 在框内的相对面是开口的， 而保持架 12是矩形 的，在相对平行的两根架杆上设有一对或多对彼此相对的安装孔 121、 122。
另外， 底框条 112和顶框条 111的相对前后壁上有突出的玻璃保持部 117、 118，所述玻璃 70安装在玻璃保持部和左框条 113和右框条 114的开 口中。 对外框中的玻璃的水密封采用 O型密封条 119， 方便可靠。
百叶片 20有一块或多块， 每一块为截面积递减的不等边的直角三角 形式微型棱镜式太阳光反光板。 反光板的两端装有固定连接的短轴 21 或 凹槽， 并可通过短轴或短轴上安装的轴承 22可转动地安装在保持架的安 装孔 121、 122中， 相互平行地排成一列。 在一较佳实施例中， 百叶片 20 还包括多个灯体 3， 所述反光板的任一相对两端设有若干均布的盲孔， 而 所述灯体 3各自安装在盲孔内。
电机减速装置 30包括安装在外框架的底框条 112内的电动机 31、 减 速箱 32。该减速箱的输出轴 33的自由端通过轴承 34支承在底框条 112内 侧壁上。电动机 31为步进电机，它实际上是安装在底框条 112内设置的固 定座（图中未画出）上的。
若干齿轮包括一主动齿轮 41和与百叶片相应数量的传动齿轮 42， 主 动齿轮安装在电动机 31的输出轴 33上， 所述传动齿轮 42各自可转动地 安装在保持架一侧的诸短轴 21上。
拨轮 50为具有中心孔并以前后分为前部和后部， 其前部通过中心孔 设有内齿 501， 其后部通过外周面设有作为过桥齿轮的外齿 502。 拨轮 50 也套装在输出轴 33上且其内齿 501与主动齿轮 41相啮合。 拨轮 50的前 部为一外径相对比后部过桥齿轮或外齿 502的外径要大的拔盘 51。
齿条 60垂直安装在保持架 12附近的外框架的一侧内， 并且其下部与 过桥齿轮的外齿 502相啮合， 而其下部以上的部分与各个传动齿轮 42相 啮合， 以致它们以同步转动方式作传动连接。 在电动机 31 启动后， 主动 齿轮 41的旋转可带动拨轮 50转动， 推动齿条 60上下移动， 从而可使传 动齿轮 42带着百叶片的反光板一起同步转动。 这是由于每一块反光板 20 的一头与一个齿轮 42相联， 齿轮的模数和齿数相同， 每一个齿轮与一长 齿条 60啮合。
拨轮的拔盘 51周面上设有一条环槽 511 ,与拔盘相对的外框架的底框 条 112上设有两个彼此一定距离相隔开的、 头部外形与环槽互补的弹性的 定位凸柱 1121或 （1号位置）和 1122 (2号位置）， 以使拨轮在拔盘的环 槽 511与凸柱之一 （1号位置） 结合时， 拨轮的内齿与主动齿轮啮合， 在 拔盘的环槽向右滑动移动一定距离而与另一凸柱 （2号位置） 结合时， 使 其内齿 501脱离与主动齿轮 41的啮合。 这样， 当拨盘在 1号位置时， 电 机输出轴 33的力矩带动内齿 501，于是作为过挢齿轮的外齿 502也同时转 动，齿条被驱动， 上下移动，这样与齿条 60啮合的传动齿轮 42同步旋转， 反光板 20旋转的角度得以控制。 当拨盘 51处在 2号位置时， 输出轴 33 上的主动齿轮 41与拨盘内齿 501脱离， 手动拨动拨盘， 使齿条 60上下移 动来调节反光旋转角度。 上述百叶窗是一个铝合金外框的双层玻璃的窗扇。 在这中空玻璃内， 安装了微型直角棱镜反光板 20。该反光板在与微型直角棱镜平行的两个侧 面嵌装了发光二极管 LED。它有三个功能。夏天当棱镜板光面对着太阳时 它可以把太阳全部反射出去， 冬天棱镜面有棱的一面向上时， 当太阳照在 窗上窗户可以把太阳全部折射入室内。在晚上当我们点亮 LED时，窗户又 成了一块发光平板， 可以向内投入照明。
百叶片或反光板 20采用步进电机单轴控制只对太阳高度角进行控制。 反光板 20根据电脑发出的指令自动跟踪太阳的高度角进行转动， 在冬天 或其他天气情况， 用户可根据实际需要， 预先在软件中设置， 如冬季与夏 季反光板角度相差 90度， 夏季太阳光全部挡住， 冬季太阳光全部入射。
图 11a和图 lib是的工程设计中机翼型反光板装置的立体剖面图及 B 的局部放大图。该反光板装置包括二个或二个以上图 11c 的成排的单元反 光板百叶窗 200、 以及用于安装该百叶窗的天棚 210和板 ¾ 220。 单元反 光板百叶窗 200是在一个框架中仅装有一块大的表面面积的反光板 201， 该反光板在与微柱棱镜体条平行的反光板 201两端装有发光二极管 205， 框架 202的底框条和顶框条 203、 203 ' 釆用铝合金型材并设计成属于 H 型， 具有更具抗风强度。 H型开口的一头安装双层玻璃 206， 另一头封闭， 但其端部设有凹槽， 在凹槽中放置封条 204以在两个百叶窗相对移动时封 条 204可相抵以相对密封， 而框架的左右框条（图中未画出）上安装与图 10一样的短轴 207, 在板框 220上设置与图 10的装置相同的电机减速装 置、 齿轮、 拨轮、 齿条等， 可通过电动机带动单元反光板百叶窗 200的短 轴转动。
图 12是工程设计中平面型反光板装置。 这种反光板装置除了具有平 面的玻璃天棚 230和安装在天棚 230上的平的长条状板框 240之外， 安装 在板框中单元反光板百叶窗 200是与图 12所揭示的一样的， 所以这里不 再重复描述。
请参阅图 13a〜图 13c，我们继续以图 2b展开，以 ABCD为起始平面， 以 R为半径， 以 XX'为旋转中心， 旋转 360°, 我们可以得到又一个光学元 件一用截面积递减微型棱镜式太阳光反光板制成的灯具。 所述反光板可具 有较长的平行微型棱镜长度 L， 并以此长度求出作圆形的半径（L=2TTR)， 并以 R为半径弯制成一圆柱直角棱镜筒体。
请再参见图 13b， 所形成的圆柱直角棱镜在圆柱体两个圆平面外周上 安装了 LED, 是个圆柱形发光体， 即 LED灯具。 在用截面积递减微型棱 镜式太阳光反光板制成的灯具中， 所述圆柱筒体的两端设有若干均布的盲 孔， 所述灯体是各自安装在盲孔内的。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种具有反光、 折射、 灯体的微型棱镜太阳反光板， 其特征在于， 所述反光板的一个表面上从对称中心平面起的左右两边各设有多个平行 的条状微柱棱镜体， 每一个微柱棱镜体的横截面为不等边直角三角形， 其 顶角为 90度， 在与对称中心平面相邻的左右两个不等边直角三角形截面 积最大， 向着左右两自由端其截面积依次呈锯齿形递减， 相邻两个微柱棱 镜体之间的夹角也为直角。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的反光板， 其特征在于， 左右两边的各个不等 边直角三角形的截面积大小是一一对应相等的， 各微柱棱镜体的直角顶点 的连线是一条直线并与反光板的另一个表面平行， 相邻两个微柱棱镜体之 间夹角的直角顶点向反光板另一个表面作垂线， 这些垂线线段的高度是一 系列依次降低的等差级数或等比级数， 而从截面的中心轴线起把相邻两个 微柱棱镜体之间的夹角的直角顶点连起来， 则可以成为左右相交于中心轴 线的两条斜线， 他们和反光板的另一个表面均形成夹角 α， ct小于 45度。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的反光板， 其特征在于， 所述反光板在中心平 面两边紧邻的两个直角棱镜底边最长， 从与中心平面紧邻两个直角棱镜左 右展开， 依次排列的诸直角三角形的底边逐一减小， 而距中心平面最远的 两个直角棱镜的一直角边是向上延伸与反光板的另一个表面相交并形成 两个具有大直角棱镜式端边的倾斜端面， 该倾斜端面和反光板的另一个表 面形成一个夹角， 夹角为 45度。
4.如权利要求 2所述的反光板，其特征在于，所述夹角 c小于 10度。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的光反光板， 其特征在于， 还包括多个灯体， 所述反光板的任一相对两端设有若干均布的盲孔， 而所述灯体各自安装在 盲孔内。
6. 如权利要求 5所述的反光板， 其特征在于， 所述灯体为 LED二极 管， 灯泡或电极管， 它们的发射中心轴线和反光板平面平行， 中心轴正好 穿过对称中心棱镜顶角的顶点。
7. 如权利要求 5所述的反光板， 其特征在于， 所述灯体为预制成发 光二极管灯组件， 并通过注塑成型的方式封装于与微棱柱棱镜体平行的反 光板一端或两端的端面上。
8. 如权利要求 1或 5所述的反光板， 其特征在于， 还包括多个太阳 能电池， 如 PV硅太阳能电池， 它们嵌装在与微柱棱镜平行的所述反光板 一端或两端的端面上。
9. 如权利要求 1所述的反光板， 其特征在于， 如上所述的太阳光反 光板， 其中所述的反光板是由透明的塑料， 如有机玻璃或聚碳酸脂制成。
10. 一种具有反光、折射、灯体的微型棱镜太阳光反光板制成的百叶 窗， 它包括窗框、 百叶片， 其特征在于， 所述窗框包括一外框架和一安装 在外框架内的保持架， 所述外框架的四个框条在框内的相对面是开口的， 所述保持架是矩形的， 在相对平行的两根架杆上设有一对或多对彼此相对 的安装孔，
所述百叶片为一块或多块截面积递减的微型棱镜式太阳光反光板，反 光板的两端装有固定连接的短轴， 并可通过短轴或短轴上安寧的轴承可转 动地安装在保持架的安装孔中， 相互平行地排成一列；
还包括： 电机减速装置、 若干齿轮、 拨轮、 齿条， 其中， 电机减速装 置包括安装在外框架底框条内的电动机、 减速箱， 所述减速箱的输出轴的 自由端通过轴承支承在框条内侧壁上；
若干齿轮包括主动齿轮、传动齿轮， 其中， 主动齿轮安装在电动机的 输出轴上， 所述传动齿轮可转动地安装在保持架一侧的诸短轴上， 它的旋 转可带动反光板的转动；
拨轮是具有中心孔并以前后分为前部和后部，其前部通过中心孔设有 内齿， 其后部通过外周面设有作为过桥齿轮的外齿， 拨轮套装在输出轴上 且其内齿与主动齿轮相啮合；
所述齿条垂直安装外框架的一侧内， 并且其下部与拨轮的外齿相啮 合， 而其下部以上的部分与各个传动齿轮相啮合， 以致它们以同步转动方 式作传动连接。
11 . 如权利要求 10所述的太阳光反光板制成的百叶窗， 其特征在于， 所述反光板微柱棱镜体的横截面是不等边的直角三角形。
12. 如权利要求 10所述的太阳反光板制成的百叶窗， 其特征在于， 所述电动机为步进电机， 安装在底框条内设置的固定座上。
13. 如权利要求 10所述的太阳光反光板制成的百叶窗， 其特征在于， 还包括玻璃， 所述底框条和顶框条的相对前后壁上有突出的玻璃保持部， 所述玻璃通过密封条密封地安装在玻璃保持部中。
14. 如权利要求 10所述的反光板制成的百叶窗， 其特征在于， 并且 还包括多个灯体， 所述反光板的任一相对两端设有若干均布的盲孔， 而所 述灯体各自安装在盲孔内。
15. 如权利要求 10所述的太阳光反光板制成的百叶窗， 其特征在于， 拨轮的前部为一直径相对比后部齿轮的外径要大的拔盘， 该拔盘的周面上 设有一条环槽， 所述与拔盘相对的外框架的底框条上设有两个彼此相间而 其头部外形与环槽互补的弹性的定位凸柱， 以使拨轮在拔盘的环槽与凸柱 之一结合时， 拨轮的内齿与主动齿轮啮合， 在拔盘的环槽与另一凸柱结合 时， 拨轮将移动一定距离而使其内齿脱离与主动齿轮的啮合。
16. 一种变截面不等边直角三角形微型棱镜太阳光反光板制成的灯 具， 其特征在于， 所述反光板可具有较长的平行微型棱镜长度 L， 并以此 长度求出作圆形的半径， 由公式 L=2TTR， 并以 R为半径弯制成一圆柱筒 体。
17. 如权利要求 16所述的太阳光反光板制成的灯具， 其特征在于， 还包括多个灯体， 所述圆柱筒体的两端设有若干均布的盲孔， 所述灯体为 LED二极管， 灯泡或电极管并各自安装在盲孔内。
PCT/CN2007/002052 2007-07-02 2007-07-02 Plaque réfléchissante à microprismes pour rayonnement solaire WO2009003313A1 (fr)

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Cited By (5)

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US8616736B2 (en) 2008-08-26 2013-12-31 Dingguo Pan Circular light-reflecting plate with triangular oriented prisms having identical cross section and circular plate lamp made therefrom
US8646961B2 (en) 2008-08-26 2014-02-11 Dingguo Pan Reflective plate, planar lamp and planar lamp fixture including the same
CN103867078A (zh) * 2014-04-08 2014-06-18 济南大学 一种多功能玻璃窗
CN104343362A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-11 王帆 通风防晒百叶玻璃窗
CN105888471A (zh) * 2014-12-18 2016-08-24 天津熔之宝科技有限公司 一种玻璃窗

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US5056892A (en) * 1985-11-21 1991-10-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Totally internally reflecting thin, flexible film
JPH11202255A (ja) * 1998-01-08 1999-07-30 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 採光装置
JP2001032651A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-06 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd ブラインド
US6311437B1 (en) * 1999-09-20 2001-11-06 Werner Lorenz Pane for solar protection, daylighting and energy conservation
DE10231317A1 (de) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-22 Wirth, Harry, Dr. Sonnenschutz mit Teildurchsicht
CN1729413A (zh) * 2002-12-20 2006-02-01 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 辅助光源和前灯
CN1924621A (zh) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-07 潘定国 微型棱镜式太阳光反光板及其调节控制装置

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US5056892A (en) * 1985-11-21 1991-10-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Totally internally reflecting thin, flexible film
US4773733A (en) * 1987-11-05 1988-09-27 John A. Murphy, Jr. Venetian blind having prismatic reflective slats
JPH11202255A (ja) * 1998-01-08 1999-07-30 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 採光装置
JP2001032651A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-06 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd ブラインド
US6311437B1 (en) * 1999-09-20 2001-11-06 Werner Lorenz Pane for solar protection, daylighting and energy conservation
DE10231317A1 (de) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-22 Wirth, Harry, Dr. Sonnenschutz mit Teildurchsicht
CN1729413A (zh) * 2002-12-20 2006-02-01 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 辅助光源和前灯
CN1924621A (zh) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-07 潘定国 微型棱镜式太阳光反光板及其调节控制装置

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8616736B2 (en) 2008-08-26 2013-12-31 Dingguo Pan Circular light-reflecting plate with triangular oriented prisms having identical cross section and circular plate lamp made therefrom
US8646961B2 (en) 2008-08-26 2014-02-11 Dingguo Pan Reflective plate, planar lamp and planar lamp fixture including the same
CN104343362A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-11 王帆 通风防晒百叶玻璃窗
CN103867078A (zh) * 2014-04-08 2014-06-18 济南大学 一种多功能玻璃窗
CN103867078B (zh) * 2014-04-08 2016-04-27 济南大学 一种多功能玻璃窗
CN105888471A (zh) * 2014-12-18 2016-08-24 天津熔之宝科技有限公司 一种玻璃窗

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