WO2008146074A1 - Appareil de fabrication de produits géocomposites aiguilletés bentonitiques - Google Patents

Appareil de fabrication de produits géocomposites aiguilletés bentonitiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008146074A1
WO2008146074A1 PCT/IB2007/001445 IB2007001445W WO2008146074A1 WO 2008146074 A1 WO2008146074 A1 WO 2008146074A1 IB 2007001445 W IB2007001445 W IB 2007001445W WO 2008146074 A1 WO2008146074 A1 WO 2008146074A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
geotextile
making
needled
geocomposite
needling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2007/001445
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Cinzia Della Porta
Pietro Starita
Original Assignee
Laviosa Chimica Mineraria S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laviosa Chimica Mineraria S.P.A. filed Critical Laviosa Chimica Mineraria S.P.A.
Priority to PCT/IB2007/001445 priority Critical patent/WO2008146074A1/fr
Publication of WO2008146074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008146074A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/18—Fabrics, textiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2318/00—Mineral based
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
    • B65H2301/414—Winding
    • B65H2301/4144—Finishing winding process
    • B65H2301/41441—Finishing winding process and blocking outer layers against falling apart
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
    • B65H2701/19—Specific article or web
    • B65H2701/1922—Specific article or web for covering surfaces such as carpets, roads, roofs or walls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for making bentonitic needled geocomposite products used for waterproofing applications in geotechnical engineering, for example as coating barrier for retaining structures, reservoirs, bank protection, etc.
  • the invention relates also to a method for making bentonitic needled geocomposite products .
  • Normally bentonitic geocomposites are made sandwiching layer of bentonite between two geotextile layers, and precisely a support layer and a cover layer.
  • bentonite is a waterproofing matrix whereas the geotextile layers act as a protecting wrapper that gives the system manoeuvrability and mechanical resistance.
  • the bentonitic geocomposites can be used for geotechnical application, like environment protection, to coat the bottom of dumps, for waterproofing sites, for example before casting concrete foundations, to assist the construction of water reservoirs and channels, to protect the groundwater tables, etc.
  • Geocomposites can be classified according to the type of connection used for fastening the layer of bentonite to the geotextiles.
  • a first type of connection provides special bonding materials that ensure the connection between the geotextile layers and bentonite, without affecting its functionality.
  • Another type of connection provides thermo-gluing, made for thermal coupling of the geotextile layers, owing to free fibres present in one of the two geotextile layers.
  • a further process provides the connection of the three layers by means of mechanical systems such as by needling, seaming, or quilting. This bonding system increases resistance against inner friction.
  • the needling process provides, in particular, the use of plates having special hooked needles that quickly reciprocate causing part of the fibres of the upper geotextile cover layer to pass through the central bentonite layer and fix them to the lower geotextile support layer.
  • this type of fastening gives to a bentoniti ⁇ geocomposite material a high steadiness.
  • the lubrication oil besides polluting the final product can mix with the clay powder forming a mixture that penetrates in the mechanical parts and can cause jammings, causing the machines to stop for cleaning.
  • the known processes for making needled geocomposite products provide a succession of operations alternated to waiting times to allow the different machines of the production line to synchronize.
  • the automatic production lines of needled geocomposite products have dancing times that slow down the overall process.
  • the reciprocation of the needling plate is assisted by lateral guiding means adapted to avoid a lateral shifting movement during the needling step of the geotextile layers with the sandwiched swellable clay.
  • the division of the semifinished product into a plurality of mat pieces is made through cutting means adapted to carry out a transversal cut of the semifinished product.
  • the cutting means translate with the semifinished product obtaining therefore a cut during movement. More in detail, the transversal cutting means moves from a starting cutting configuration at which they begin the cutting stroke of the semifinished product and translate in its same direction, to an ended cutting configuration at which it is external to the semifinished product and slide in an opposite direction returning to the starting cutting configuration.
  • the final product can be subject to a longitudinal cut by a second cutting means, said longitudinal cut being made at the sole side portions of the semifinished product, or alternatively, also at a central portion.
  • a winding step is provided of each mat piece about a. core, for example of cardboard, obtaining corresponding coils of needled geocomposite product.
  • a following packaging step can be furthermore provided of the coils that are coated with a film of plastic material.
  • the first feeding direction and the second feeding direction are substantially parallel.
  • the swellable clay used is bentonite.
  • a step of changing the inclination of said lateral guiding means is provided during the reciprocation of said plate.
  • said step of changing the inclination is lubricated by grease.
  • an apparatus for making needled geocomposite products comprises:
  • the reciprocation of the needling plate is assisted by lateral guiding means that avoid a lateral shifting movement during the feeding movement.
  • means can also be provided for removing from the needling area, and at other zones of the apparatus, the powder and/or the granules of swellable clay. This way, it is avoided that the powder and the granules of the swellable clay can penetrate in the mechanical parts of the apparatus jeopardizing the correct operation of the same.
  • the feeding means comprise: — a first roller adapted to rotate in a first direction of rotation for causing the motion of the first geotextile towards a spreading zone;
  • the cutting means comprises:
  • the longitudinal cutting means can be arranged exclusively at the side portions of the finished products, or alternatively, also at one or more central portions in order to increase the production flexibility of the apparatus.
  • the transversal cutting means are mounted on a carriage sliding along a direction substantially parallel to the conveying direction of the semifinished product. More in detail, the carriage is moved along the conveying direction at the same speed of the semifinished product. This way, the production is made continuously without the need of stopping the apparatus-
  • the means for removing the clay comprise at least one nozzle connected to a slightly pressurized air system, or alternatively a vacuum system, in order to remove the powder of swellable clay from the working area by means of an air blow, or by suction.
  • the means for moving the geotextile support layer and the means for moving the geotextile cover layer are associated with means for controlling the tension of the geotextile layers suitable to ensure a fixed and controlled tension during the production process.
  • the means for controlling the tension comprise a plurality of dancing rollers.
  • the means for actuating the needling plate reciprocation provide a connecting rod/crank system comprising a first and a second connecting rod having an end pivotally connected to the needling plate and to a lateral guiding bar, said lateral guiding bar having, moreover, the other end hinged to a fixed frame in order to form with it an angle of variable amplitude during the reciprocation.
  • the concentration of needles on the surface of the needling plate is set between 1000 needles/m 2 and 10.000 needles/m 2 .
  • Advantageously transmission means are provided that allow to adjust the inclination of said lateral guiding means during the reciprocation of the needling plate.
  • means are provided for grease lubrication of said transmission means. This way, besides having a higher seal from powder and contamination it is also avoided for the final product that oil drops fall generated by possible and frequent leaks.
  • a bentonitic needled product comprises:
  • a support layer of a geotextile material — a cover layer, which is also of a geotextile material
  • the used bentonite is in the form of a powder having the following granulometry:
  • the used bentonite is in the form of granules having the following granulometry:
  • bentonite in granules allows reducing remarkably the environmental impact of the used materials both in the application both in the production, with respect to the use of the powder which is much easier to scatter.
  • the use of bentonite in granules is possible owing to the improved intrinsic features of the bentonite used.
  • the geotextile support layer and the geotextile cover layer are fed at a speed set between 0.1 m/min and 15 m/min.
  • the support layer and the cover layer are made of a material selected from the group comprised of:
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically an apparatus for making needled geocomposite products, according to the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically an exemplary embodiment of the apparatus of figure 1
  • FIG. 3 shows in detail a perspective view of the laying station provided in the apparatus of figure 1,
  • FIG. 4 shows diagrammatically the main parts of the needling machine provided in the apparatus of figure 1
  • FIG. 5 and 6 show diagrammatically the transversal cutting means, provided in an exemplary embodiment of the apparatus of figure 1, in two different working configurations,
  • FIG. 7 shows diagrammatically the packaging station provided in an exemplary embodiment of the apparatus of figure 1.
  • Figure 1 shows diagrammatically a possible apparatus 1 capable of carrying out the process for making needled geocomposite products, according to the invention. It provides a plurality of rollers 21a-21f that convey a geotextile support layer 11, for example unwound from a coil 10, in a first feeding direction 101.
  • Geotextile support layer 11 arrives thus at a distributor 30 that spreads a swellable clay 31, for example bentonite on it.
  • the distributor 30 can provide, for example, a roller 35 with a resilient belt having randomized pointed pins to ensure an homogeneous distribution of bentonite 31 on geotextile support layer 11.
  • the apparatus comprises, furthermore, rollers 22a- 22d that convey a geotextile cover layer 13, unwound from a coil 12, in a second feeding direction 102, in an opposite direction, or a coincident direction, with respect to direction 101 of geotextile support layer 11.
  • Rollers 21a-21f and rollers 22a-22d can be dancing rollers in order to ensure unwinding geotextile layers 11 and 13 with a fixed and controlled tension.
  • geotextile cover layer 13 is conveyed by rollers 22a-22d in a laying area at which three rollers 24, 25 and 26 are provided adapted on one hand to keep the geotextile layers 12 and 13 stretched and on the other hand to level the layer of bentonite 31 between them arranged.
  • geotextile layers 11 and 13 with the layer of bentonite sandwiched between them are fed by the system three rollers system 24-26 above described to a needling machine 50 that effects a mutual connection by means of needling.
  • needling machine 50 has a plate 51, equipped with a plurality of needles 52, which is moved by actuating means to reciprocate along a needling direction substantially orthogonal to the feeding direction 103 of geotextile layers 11 and 13.
  • the means for actuating the needling plate 51 in the reciprocating movement provide a connecting rod/crank system 60 comprising a first connecting rod 61 and a second connecting rod 61' having respective end 62 pivotally connected to the needling plate 51 and to ends 71, or 71' , of respective lateral guiding bars 70 and 70' .
  • each lateral guiding bar 70, or 70' has another end 72, or 72', hinged to a fixed frame 75 in order to form with it an angle ⁇ having a variable amplitude during the reciprocation.
  • the connecting rod/crank system 60 assisted by the lateral guiding bars 70 and 70' allows actuating the •needling plate 51 through a succession of positions in planes parallel to each other.
  • the lubrication of the mechanical parts contained in a carter of protection 76 that allow to adjust the inclination of the lateral guiding bars 70 and 70' is, in particular, made by grease, differently from the traditional systems that instead provide a lubrication by dipping it in oil. This way, besides having a higher seal from powder and contamination, it is also avoided that in the final product oil drops fall generated by possible and frequent leaks.
  • a semifinished product 15 thus obtained is subject to a transversal cutting step in order to obtain a plurality of mat pieces of desired length.
  • the transversal cutting means for example having a single blade 45, can be mounted on a support 44 integral to a carriage 17 sliding on a rail 18 arranged parallel to the conveying direction of the semifinished product 15.
  • the transversal cutting means 45 moves from a starting cutting configuration (figure 5) at which they begin the cutting stroke of the semifinished product 15 and translate in its same direction, to a final cutting configuration (figure 6) at which they are external to the semifinished product 15 and slide in an opposite direction returning to the starting cutting configuration.
  • the cut during movement above described avoids stopping the apparatus 1 to separate two following mat pieces to provide therefore a continuous process.
  • the transversal cut above described of semifinished product 15 can be, furthermore, subject even at a longitudinal cut by a second cutting means, for example to cutter.
  • the longitudinal cutting means can be arranged only at the side borders, for trim ⁇ u ⁇ ing laterally the semifinished product 150, or also at the central portion to obtain boards of desired size.
  • the packaging step can provide winding the product 150 about a stiff core 82 made by means of two counter rotating rollers 83 and 84. More in detail, each core 82 can be supplied by a lifting device 85 in a winding area 87 where the rollers 83 and 84 are arranged that carry out the growth of a coil 155 up to a desired diameter. Once achieved the desired diameter for coil 155, about it a film of plastic protection material is wound.
  • the production plant above described allows then to optimize the process for preparing products bentonitic needled causing it to be integrally automatic and speeding it up then remarkably with respect to apparatus of the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil (1) de fabrication de produits géocomposites aiguilletés. Ledit appareil comporte plusieurs rouleaux (21a-21f) qui transportent une couche de support de géotextile (11), qui peut être déroulée d'une bobine (10), dans une première direction d'alimentation (101). La couche de support de géotextile (11) arrive ainsi au niveau d'un distributeur (30) qui étale une argile gonflante (31), par exemple de la bentonite, sur celle-ci. L'appareil comporte, de plus, des rouleaux (22a-22d) qui transportent une couche de recouvrement de géotextile (13) déroulée d'une bobine (12) dans une seconde direction d'alimentation (102) opposée ou coïncidant avec la direction d'alimentation (101) de la couche de support de géotextile (11). En particulier, la couche de recouvrement de géotextile (13) est transportée par les rouleaux (22a-22d) dans une zone de pose au niveau de laquelle sont disposés trois rouleaux (24, 25 et 26) aptes d'une part à maintenir les couches de géotextile (12, 13) étirées et d'autre part à fournir la couche de bentonite (31) plane disposée entre elles. Les trois rouleaux (24-26) distribuent les couches de géotextile (11, 13) entre lesquelles la couche de bentonite est prise en sandwich au niveau d'une machine d'aiguilletage (50) qui obtient une liaison mutuelle par aiguilletage. De façon plus détaillée, la machine d'aiguilletage (50) est munie d'une plaque (51) équipée de plusieurs aiguilles (52) ; la plaque est déplacée par des moyens d'actionnement dans un mouvement alternatif le long d'une direction d'aiguilletage sensiblement orthogonale à la direction d'alimentation (103) des couches de géotextile (11, 13).
PCT/IB2007/001445 2007-06-01 2007-06-01 Appareil de fabrication de produits géocomposites aiguilletés bentonitiques WO2008146074A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2007/001445 WO2008146074A1 (fr) 2007-06-01 2007-06-01 Appareil de fabrication de produits géocomposites aiguilletés bentonitiques

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2007/001445 WO2008146074A1 (fr) 2007-06-01 2007-06-01 Appareil de fabrication de produits géocomposites aiguilletés bentonitiques

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WO2008146074A1 true WO2008146074A1 (fr) 2008-12-04

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106087652A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2016-11-09 李来宾 现场铺装型彩色石料路面卷材生产系统
CN106223155A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2016-12-14 李来宾 一种彩色石料路面卷材及成型工艺
CN114457630A (zh) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-10 中铁六局集团有限公司 一种用于铁路路基施工中土工膜铺设的设备及其使用方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0278419A2 (fr) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-17 NAUE-FASERTECHNIK GMBH & CO. KG Tapis d'étanchéité imperméable constitué essentiellement d'une couche de support, d'une couche intermédiaire en argile expansible, et d'une couche de couverture
EP0491454A1 (fr) * 1990-12-17 1992-06-24 Amcol International Corporation Methode de fabrication d'un article multicouche
EP0491453A1 (fr) * 1990-12-17 1992-06-24 Amcol International Corporation Matériau d'étanchéité
US5970893A (en) * 1996-04-24 1999-10-26 Laviosa Chimica Mineraria S.P.A. High shear strength clay liner, method and apparatus for its production
WO2005056286A1 (fr) * 2003-11-19 2005-06-23 Amcol International Corporation Tapis geocomposite reagissant aux contaminants et procede d'elaboration et d'utilisation
WO2007030671A2 (fr) * 2005-09-07 2007-03-15 Amcol International Corporation Biorestauration et son procédé de fabrication et d'utilisation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0278419A2 (fr) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-17 NAUE-FASERTECHNIK GMBH & CO. KG Tapis d'étanchéité imperméable constitué essentiellement d'une couche de support, d'une couche intermédiaire en argile expansible, et d'une couche de couverture
EP0491454A1 (fr) * 1990-12-17 1992-06-24 Amcol International Corporation Methode de fabrication d'un article multicouche
EP0491453A1 (fr) * 1990-12-17 1992-06-24 Amcol International Corporation Matériau d'étanchéité
US5970893A (en) * 1996-04-24 1999-10-26 Laviosa Chimica Mineraria S.P.A. High shear strength clay liner, method and apparatus for its production
WO2005056286A1 (fr) * 2003-11-19 2005-06-23 Amcol International Corporation Tapis geocomposite reagissant aux contaminants et procede d'elaboration et d'utilisation
WO2007030671A2 (fr) * 2005-09-07 2007-03-15 Amcol International Corporation Biorestauration et son procédé de fabrication et d'utilisation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106087652A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2016-11-09 李来宾 现场铺装型彩色石料路面卷材生产系统
CN106223155A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2016-12-14 李来宾 一种彩色石料路面卷材及成型工艺
CN106087652B (zh) * 2016-07-22 2019-09-03 李来宾 现场铺装型彩色石料路面卷材生产系统
CN114457630A (zh) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-10 中铁六局集团有限公司 一种用于铁路路基施工中土工膜铺设的设备及其使用方法

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